资源简介 七年级英语上册Unit 3语法和写作一、语法(一)频率副词用法详解:1.频率副词用来表示某一动作发生的频率或某一状态出现的频率,常见的有(按程度由大到小排列)always(总是,一直);usually(通常);often(经常);sometimes(有时);seldom (很少);never(从不)。2.对频率副词提问常用how often开头3.在句中位置(1)在连系动词be之后。Eg: She is sometimes very busy.她有时非常忙。(2)在助动词或情态动词之后。Eg: I can always remember you.我会一直记得你。(3)在行为动词之前。Eg: We often go there. 我们经常去那。(4)sometimes可放在句首、句中或句末。Eg: Sometimes she writes to me. 有时她给我写信。4.用法(1) often, always, usually等常和一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。Eg: I always go to bed at ten o’clock. 我总是10点睡觉。(2) always可与进行时连用,并不强调动作正在进行,表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。Eg: He is always thinking of others. 他总是为其他人着想。She is always asking silly questions. 她总是问愚蠢的问题。(二)there be句型用法详解:“There is/ are + 某物/某时”结构表示“某地或某时存在某物或某人”。这种结构中的there没有实际意义,There is 后面加可数名词单数或不可数名词, There are后面加可数名词复数。注意:1.切记there be句型有临近原则,即be动词同离其近的主语保持一致。2.因句中有be动词,故变否定句式在is/are后加not;变一般疑问句时将is/are提前3.Is/Are there 开头的一般疑问句其肯定回答为Yes, there is/are.否定回答为No, there isn’t/aren’t.4.就数量提问时常用“how many + 可数名词复数”或“How much + 不可数名词”开头5.如果句中含有some,在变为否定句和一般疑问句时需将some变成any.6.there be句型过去式形式只需将is变为was;are变为were即可。Eg: There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔。There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里面有一些水。There are some books in the bag. 包里面有一些书。There is a book and some pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔。There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 桌子上有一些铅笔和一本书。否定形式:There isn’t a book and any pencils on the desk. 桌子上没有一本书和一些铅笔。一般疑问句形式:Is there a book and any pencils on the desk 桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔吗?肯否定回答: Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.How many students are there in your class 你们班有多少学生?How much water is there in the pool 池塘里有多少水?知识拓展:There be句型与have/has区别:There be句型表示“某地存在某物”,强调存在。Have/has表示“拥有”,强调所属关系。Eg: There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。I have a book. 我有一本书。(三)名词的数1.定义:名词的数指数量,即“多少”单数:表示“一”;复数:表示“多于一”2.名词可数性:可数名词和不可数名词3.可数名词单数变复数规则(1)一般情况直接加s如:star -- stars; book -- books 等(2)以字母s,x,sh,ch等结尾词直接加es如:bus -- buses; watch -- watches等(3)以字母f或fe结尾的词将f或fe变为v再加es如:leaf -- leaves; knife -- knives等(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加es如:baby -- babies; city -- cities等(5)以元音字母加y结尾的词 直接加s如:toy -- toys; monkey -- monkeys等(6)以es, se, ze, ge等结尾的词直接加s如:face -- faces; orange -- oranges等(7)以辅音字母加o结尾的词若表示有生命力则加es如:tomato -- tomatoes; hero -- heroes等若表示无生命力则加s如: photo -- photos 等(8)不规则变化改a为e型:man -- men; woman -- women改oo为ee型:tooth -- teeth; foot -- feet在词尾加-ren:child -- children单复数形式相同:sheep; deer; Chinese; Japanese常用复数形式或只有复数形式:noodles; glasses; trousers; thanks; clothes; chopsticks; people等其他特殊形式:mouse -- mice; 老鼠;mouse -- mouses 鼠标注意:(1)有些以f或ef结尾的词直接加s变成复数:如:roof -- roofs; chief -- chiefs等(2) 由man和woman 构成的合成词,其复数形式需前后都变复数:如:man doctor -- men doctors; woman teacher -- women teachers等(3)名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,通常只变后一个名词:如:boy student ---boy students;apple tree -- apple trees等4.不可数名词的量化:通常不可数名词没有复数形式,不能用a/an修饰,且不能用数词直接修饰。不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数注意:不可数名词的量化具体的量:数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词;如:a piece of paper 一张纸;three kilos of rice 三公斤大米大概的量:表示量的限定词+不可数名词(用some, much, little, a little, a lot of等表示);如:some water 一些水;a lot of money 许多钱5.既可作可数也可作不可数Chicken (可数) “小鸡”(不可数) “鸡肉”Paper (可数) “文件” (不可数) “纸”Experience (可数) “经历”(不可数) “经验”Room (可数) “房间”(不可数) “空间”Fish (可数) “鱼的条数、种类”(不可数) “鱼肉”Time (可数) “次数” (不可数) “时间”Glass (可数) “玻璃杯”(不可数) “玻璃”Work(可数) “作品”(不可数) “工作”(四)音标1.字母i在相对开音节中发 / a / ,在重读闭音节中发 /i:/ 或 /I// a / 发音要领:由/a/和/ / 两个单音组成,/a/重读,/ /轻读,口型由开到合字母组合:y -- cry; ie -- tie; i -- library; eye -- eye/ / 发音要领:嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,最扁平,发音短而清脆。字母组合:a -- village; e -- begin; i -- bit;2.辅音/ f / 发音要领:上齿轻轻接触下唇,然后吹气,使气流从唇齿间通过,形成摩擦,声带不震动。字母组合:f -- fish; ff --off ; ph -- phone; gh --laugh ; fe -- knife/ v / 发音要领:上齿轻轻接触下唇,然后吹气,使气流从唇齿间通过,形成摩擦,声带震动。字母组合:v -- vegetable; ve -- move/s/ 发音要领:双唇微微张开,舌端靠近上齿龈,舌头自然放松,气流从齿间送出,声带不震动。字母组合:s -- swim; ce -- face; ss -- glass; c -- city; sc -- science/z/ 发音要领:双唇微微张开,舌端靠近上齿龈,舌头自然放松,气流从齿间送出,声带震动。字母组合:z -- zoo; se -- lose ; s -- has/h/ 发音要领:嘴唇自然张开,自然呵气,声带不震动字母组合:h -- hat; wh-- who/r/ 发音要领:舌尖向上卷起,舌头不要接触任何部位,双唇稍微突出,声带震动。字母组合:r -- rat; wr -- write二、写作话题一:Introduce your school life.* 提示:1.My name is ...2.I’m in Class...Grade...3.Our classes often begin at ...and ends at ...4.We have ...subjects this term, such as...5.There are many interesting after - school activities.6.We can join ...club.7.We often enjoy ourselves.8.I love my school life very much.* 写作步骤定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时)* 范文:I’ m a student from Beijing, China.My school life is very wonderful.I’m in Class Two Grade Seven.We usually start our classes at 8:00 am, and ends at 5:00 pm.We have seven subjects this term, such as Chinese, maths, English, chemistry, physics.PE and music.We often have dinner at 12:00 at school.The dishes here is very nice.There are also lots of clubs after school.I like swimming very much so I join the Swimming Club.I can make lots of friends here and learn from each other.I like my school life very much. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览