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课时作业(七)　UNIT 3　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
　课时跟踪检测
?维度1　单词拼写
1．[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The program “Talk and Talk” has been ________ (播放) by our school's radio station for 5 years, and is well received.
2．As is expected，the boy will try his best to ________ (抓住) the golden chance to go abroad to broaden his horizons.
3．Because of the ________ (政策) of reform and opening up, China has taken on a new look over the past decades.
4．There is a growing________ (趋势) that more and more people are living a green life to protect the ecology from being damaged.
5．He was ________ (释放) when the judge ruled there was no evidence against him.
6．He ________ (遭受) neck injuries and the outstanding surgeon was operating on him.
7．We all need to look for ways to reduce our ________ (碳) footprint.
8．At that time people would ________ (挨饿) if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold months of winter.
?维度2　单句语法填空
1．After the news ________ (broadcast) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, we all cheered with great joy.
2．Firstly, you can refer ________ the dictionary whenever you come across unfamiliar words.
3．Without frequent exams, the students ________ (lead) a more comfortable life.
4．Hangzhou and nine other cities were voted the top ten ________ (habit) Chinese cities to live in.
5．Pushing China's ________ (sustain) economic and social development is our shared objective.
6．The money spent on space exploration could have been used to solve such problems as ________ (starve) and pollution.
7．The consultant was in her nineties and hence, she needed help more and more ________ (frequent).
8．There is good evidence ________ children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
9．There is no doubt ________ it is very meaningful to work with our own hands rather than depend on others.
10．Learning that you are starving ________ much progress in English reading comprehension, I am writing to offer you some practical suggestions.
?维度3　单句写作(应用文之建议信)
1．得知你渴望在英语阅读理解方面取得进步，我写信告诉你一些实用的建议。(be starving for)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________,
I am writing to offer you some practical suggestions.
2．首先，每当你遇到不熟悉的单词时，你可以查阅词典。(refer to)
Firstly, ________________________ whenever you come across unfamiliar words.
3．其次，何不抓住每个机会练习读英语？(seize)
Besides, ________________________ to practice reading English
4．最后但很重要的是，毫无疑问，你可以极大地受益于阅读外国杂志上的一些文章。
________________________________ you can benefit a lot from reading some articles in foreign magazines.
5．总之，遵照以上建议，你将会提高你在英语阅读理解方面的能力。
All in all, with the above suggestions you ________________________________ your English reading comprehension.
?维度4　课文语法填空
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. In 2013, many people 1.________ (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea ice levels 2.________ (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances 3.________ (find) food. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”， 4.________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man made” greenhouse effect. The “man made” greenhouse effect has now become 5.________ big problem. There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6.________ the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. In fact, news reports are 7.________ (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves 8.________ (cause) deaths and economic losses. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9.________ (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility 10.________ (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming.
　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2023·辽宁省抚顺市高二上期中]
Four Great Waterfront Resorts(度假胜地)
Waking up near the water at these wonderful waterfront resorts must be quite an impressive experience for you.
West Oaks Resort
West Oaks Resort is just steps away from some of the best attractions in Okoboji Arnolds Park Amusement Park, Queen's Court shopping center, and downtown bars and restaurants. If that isn't enough, it has a to die for view of sunsets, a unique experience for vacationers. The lakeside condos (公寓) in it are equipped with a kitchen, a living room, a master bedroom and an outdoor pool.
Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre
Located between the beautiful Brooks National Golf Club and the scenic Iowa Great Lakes, Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre in Okoboji promises a memorable getaway. Spend a day swimming outside, boating on the lake, or staying indoors to explore Water Play land. Moreover, no trip here is complete without dining at the Minerva's Restaurant & Bar. With several award winning dishes, it's the best place for steak and seafood.
Fillenwarth Beach Resort
A stay at Fillenwarth Beach Resort includes a wonderful cruise (乘船游览) aboard one of the two 49 foot, custom made cruisers on popular West Lake Okoboji. Or set sail on your own with free access to the resort's sailboats, rowboats, and paddleboats. The resort also provides guests with accommodations ranging from lakefront houses, studios and penthouses to a collection of cottages and apartments.
Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark
It is the first themed indoor water park in Iowa with 25, 000 square feet of water attractions. Guests will enjoy water slides, indoor and outdoor tube rides and a water playground. When it comes to the accommodation, Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark has plenty of rooms where you can overlook the historic town.
1．What highlights West Oaks Resort
A．The award winning food.
B．The amazing sunset views.
C．The wonderful indoor activities.
D．The convenient public transportation.
2．What can vacationers do at Fillenwarth Beach Resort
A．Enjoy the tasty homemade food.
B．Experience the unusual customs.
C．Go boating on West Lake Okoboji.
D．Have fun at the indoor water park.
3．Where will you go if you want to get a bird's eve view of a town
A．West Oaks Resort.
B．Arrowwood Resort & Conference Centre.
C．Fillenwarth Beach Resort.
D．Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark.
B
Recently it is said that a dog named Daisy has received an award for picking up a number of beer cans, coffee cups, and other pieces of trash, helping clean up her neighborhood in the process. It's unclear if Daisy is aware of her service, but her help has not gone unnoticed, by any means.
In fact, it is reported that this nine year old dog has picked up more than 5，000 pieces of rubbish. Daisy has been collecting rubbish for the last eight years, at least two times a day. Coming from the city of Worcester in the United Kingdom, Daisy has become the first dog to receive an honor from the mayor (市长). Unlike other dogs, Daisy prefers sniffing around for beer cans among other things. She carries them back home to her owner, Judy Owens, who then takes her pet's offerings and recycles them.
“I wish Daisy understood how special she was and the award just marks what a special little dog she is，” Judy said. “She started picking up rubbish when she was around a beer can and I think she discovered it by accident.”
“One day she just sniffed out a beer can, then began picking it up，” she continued. “She gets very attached to rubbish, and she must think it's some kind of treasure.”
Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town, often known as the dog that helps get rid of all the rubbish. Then, the mayor invited Judy and Daisy to come to his office. “When we arrived, he told us that Daisy would be receiving the award because he wanted to make people more conscious of protecting the environment and to thank her for her contributions over the years，” Judy said. “It was such a surprise...Daisy thought this was great and went to sit on the mayor's chair with a beer can in her mouth. Everyone thought she was funny and started laughing.”
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．A dog owner trains her dog to pick up rubbish.
B．A dog receives an award for picking up rubbish.
C．A mayor gives an award to a dog in his office.
D．A mayor raises people's environmental awareness.
5．Why did the dog receive the award
A．She had brought a lot of treasure to her owner.
B．She had kept all the city clean for eight years.
C．She had contributed a lot to getting rid of the trash.
D．She had made people aware of protecting environment.
6．How did the dog probably start to pick up rubbish
A．By chance. B．By force.
C．Through praise. D．Through training.
7．How would the people in the city feel about what Daisy has been doing
A．Curious. B．Excited.
C．Ashamed. D．Thankful.
C
“Their cheery song brightens many a winter's day. But robins (知更鸟) are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much. Robins are singing all night—as well as during the day，” British based researchers say.
David Dominoni, of Glasgow University, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.
Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day. And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.
He told people at a conference, “There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy. So by increasing their song output, there might be some costs of energy.”
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said, “In Glasgow where I live, gulls are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying ‘You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls？’ During the breeding (繁殖) season, between April and June, they are very active at night and very noisy and people can't sleep.”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution, other research concludes that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.
However, some birds thrive (兴旺) in noisy environments. A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their predators (天敌) fleeing to quieter areas.
8．According to Dr Dominoni's study, what causes robins to sing so much
A．The breeding season.
B．The light in modern life.
C．The dangerous environment.
D．The noise from heavy machinery.
9．What is the researchers' concern over the increase of birds' song output
A．The environment might be polluted.
B．The birds' health might be damaged.
C．The industry cost might be increased.
D．The people's hearing might be affected.
10．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean
A．Active at night.
B．Inactive at night.
C．Active during the day.
D．Inactive during the day.
11．Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments
A．Because there are fewer dangers.
B．Because there is more food to eat.
C．Because there is less light pollution.
D．Because there are more places to take shelter.
D
In the rainforest, thousands of species sing and call, forming sound layers so rich that the human mind can be overwhelmed.Drop a hydrophone (水听器) into an ocean and you will hear similar richness, but it is foreign to our air adapted ears. Hundreds of thousands of other vocal (发声的) wonders ring out across the world. Every vocal species has a distinctive sound and every place on the globe has a vocal character.We live in a world of vocal wonder, yet this richness is being damaged worldwide.
In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats, from destroyed forests to overfished oceans. However, in habitats such as thick rainforests or oceans, sound is the only way for most animals to communicate even over short distances. This communication mating songs, cooperative signals about food, cries that indicate social status and alarm calls allow complex animal life to boom. Elsewhere, noise is also the problem. Machines pump so much sound into water and air that other species can't hear one another. The problem of noise is most serious in the oceans, where earthquake exploration, shipping and sonar (声纳) create a deafening sound that is uninhabitable, or nearly so, for many species.
Mankind is also affected by environmental noise, with complaints about noise pollution dating to the very first cities, recorded on clay walls from Babylonia. This noise is no mere inconvenience: It may cause diseases or deaths. The European Environment Agency estimates that environmental noise in Europe causes 12，000 untimely deaths and 48，000 new cases of heart disease per year.
What can be done to address these problems Perhaps among the scientific studies of trends in vocal loss, activism to advocate (提倡) for justice and policy making to reduce noise pollution and habitat destruction, we'd better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than human neighbors.
12．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Reasons contributing to noise.
B．Necessity of protecting nature.
C．Factors leading to vocal loss.
D．Significance of sound diversity.
13．Why does the author list the figures in Paragraph 3
A．To stress the threat of noise.
B．To advocate removing noise.
C．To arouse people's health awareness.
D．To criticize the development of cities.
14．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Make practical policies.
B．Conduct more scientific study.
C．Seek inspiration from a concert.
D．Build bonds with other creatures.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Can You Hear What I Hear
B．Where Is the Sound Taking Us
C．Can You Smell Something in Nature
D．How Can We Protect the Environment
Ⅱ.七选五
When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed. __1__ Here are some tips for parents to educate their children on how to save energy.
Switch off the lights. Assign one day in a week for a “turn off” practice, for a few hours. Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment. __2__
Use energy efficient transportation. When parents and their children are out on vacation, have a cycling outing. When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco friendly transportation options. __3__
Play a game. __4__ Engage them in a game instead. Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy. Let them suggest what measures can be taken within the home to reduce consumption of electricity and go green. Parents can stick small notes near these appliances to give them interesting information on conservation.
__5__ Create a theatre like experience at home on a Sunday and gather everyone in the family, especially the kids, to watch an informative film about environmental issues or climate change. If parents have slightly older children, they can discuss the film and ask them what they think.
A．Watch an environmental film.
B．Talk with children about their opinions.
C．Play some games related to environmental protection.
D．Lecturing kids about environmental issues won't help.
E．It makes them aware of the environmental effect of cars.
F．Light up some candles and play a board game to keep the children occupied.
G．So parents should urge their children to take up environment friendly projects.
层级一　课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．broadcast　2.seize　3.policy　4.trend　5.released
6．sustained　7.carbon　8.starve
维度2
1．was broadcast　2.to　3.would lead　4.habitable
5．sustainable　6.starvation　7.frequently　8.that　9.that　10.for
维度3
1．Learning that you are starving for much progress in English reading comprehension
2．you can refer to the dictionary
3．why not seize every chance
4．Last but not least, there is no doubt that
5．would enhance your ability in
维度4
1．were shocked　2.caused　3.to find　4.which　5.a
6．that　7.frequently　8.causing　9.restricting　10.to seize
层级二　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章主要介绍的是四大海滨度假胜地的相关信息。
1．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据West Oaks Resort部分的“If that isn't enough, it has a to die for view of sunsets, a unique experience for vacationers.”可知， West Oaks Resort的亮点是令人惊叹的日落美景。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据Fillenwarth Beach Resort部分的“A stay at Fillenwarth Beach Resort includes a wonderful cruise aboard one of the two 49 foot, custom made cruisers on popular West Lake Okoboji. Or set sail on your own with free access to the resort's sailboats, rowboats, and paddleboats”可知，在Fillenwarth海滩度假胜地度假者可以在West Lake Okoboji划船。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark部分的“Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark has plenty of rooms where you can overlook the historic town”可知，如果你想鸟瞰一个城镇，你会去Grand Harbor Resort & Waterpark。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只名叫黛西的小狗八年来坚持捡垃圾受到市长嘉奖的故事。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知， 本文围绕一只狗因为捡垃圾而获得嘉奖的故事展开。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第三句可知，市长授予黛西这个奖项的原因是她一直捡垃圾，为环保做出了贡献。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“I think she discovered it by accident”可知，黛西捡垃圾是偶然开始的。
7．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Daisy has become something of a celebrity in her town...to thank her for her contributions over the years”可知，小镇的人都知道黛西捡垃圾，并且对于黛西为保护环境所做的一切是充满感激的。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究调查的结果：由于人造光线，越来越多的鸟类，如知更鸟，在晚上也会唱歌，这极大地影响了鸟的健康。
8．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，现代生活中的灯光使知更鸟频繁唱歌。
9．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，鸟儿频繁唱歌可能会使鸟儿的健康受到影响。
10．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据本段中的“And it is not just robins...Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal.”可知，乌鸦和海鸥情况也一样，也就是说这两种鸟晚上也唱歌，指晚上很兴奋。
11．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，它们的天敌都去了安静的地方。因此可推知，在这些工业区，天敌越少，也就是危险越少。
D
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章主要介绍了人类所在的世界的声音多样性遭到破坏的原因及噪音对人类的危害，并倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。
12．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。根据第二段“In some places, vocal loss is caused by the destruction of habitats, from felled forests to overfished oceans.”和“Elsewhere, noise is also the problem.”可知，第二段主要说明了破坏声音多样性的因素：栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音。
13．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段数字所在句子前的“This noise is no mere inconvenience: It creates physiological burdens that sicken and kill.”可知，作者引用数字是为了强调噪音给人类带来的威胁。
14．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“we'd better also find space to listen. Just as we go out with friends to hear a concert, might we do the same for the birds in a city park In this simple act, we might find inspiration and a direct connection to our more than human neighbors.”可知，作者在最后一段想告诉读者要像和朋友建立联系一样与其他生物也建立联系。
15．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。文章首先说明人类生活在一个充满各样声音的世界里，然而丰富的声音却遭到了破坏，接着介绍了声音遭到破坏的原因：各种生物的栖息地被破坏以及人类制造的噪音，并表明人类的身心健康也受到了噪音的威胁，最后倡导人类与生物建立联系，倾听它们的声音。结合最后一段的建议，因此推断A项“Can You Hear What I Hear (你能听到我听到的吗？)”为最佳标题，以问题的方式概括主旨。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了四个教育孩子们节约能源的方法。
1．答案与解析：G　由上文“When the monthly electricity bill came home, parents always couldn't believe their eyes, as the amount was much more than needed.”可知，这里主要讲每月电费超出父母预计。而G项中take up environment friendly projects与上文the amount was much more than needed形成因果关系。
2．答案与解析：F　由上文“Assign one day in a week for a ‘turn off’ practice, for a few hours. Tell the kids the significance of using less electricity and how it impacts the environment.”可知，这里主要要求父母每周关一次电。而F项中Light up some candles和上文a “turn off” practice对应。
3．答案与解析：E　由上文“When the whole family rides bicycles together, it not only serves as a great bonding exercise, but it also teaches the children about eco friendly transportation options.”可知，这里主要讲父母让孩子骑自行车，这样更加环保，这让他们意识到汽车对环境的影响。而E项It与前一句的事情对应， them 也与前文the children对应。
4．答案与解析：D　由下文“Engage them in a game instead. Ask the little ones to walk around the house with pen and paper, and make a note of all the equipment that consume energy.”可知，这里讲要让孩子们参与到节约能量的活动中，而不应该只是一直说而不实践。而D项其中kids与后文的them对应。
5．答案与解析：A　由后文可知，这里主要讲父母和孩子一起看一部关于环境方面的电影。而A项符合语境，对后文有总括作用，其中an environmental film与下文an informative film about environmental issues or climate change对应。课时作业(八)　UNIT 3　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
　课时跟踪检测
?维度1　将下列句子改为间接引语
1．“I am having supper，” he said.
→He said that ____________________．
2．“I've seen the film，” Gina said to me.
→Gina ____________ that ____________ the film.
3．“I went home with my sister，” she said.
→She said that _____________________________________________.
4．The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”
→The teacher said that ________________________________________________.
5．“I met her yesterday，” he said to me.
→He told me that ________________________________．
6．“You must come here before five，” he said.
→He said that ________________________．
7．“I bought the computer two weeks ago，” she said.
→She said that ________________________________________________________________________.
8．“Did you read the book last week？” he said.
→He asked ________________________________________________________________________.
?维度2　语法与写作
1．妈妈问我是否能忍受那么恶劣的工作条件。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这些举措旨在恢复公众对经济的信心。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．父亲让我在空闲时间研究生态学。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．地理老师告诉我们：太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．他告诉我自从他来这里就一直教英语。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．老师要学生们上课时不要往窗外看。
The teacher asked the students ________________________________________．
7．经理告诉工人们不要在那个房间里吸烟。
The manager ________________________________________．
8．汤姆问主席他们什么时候开会。
Tom asked the chairman ________________________________．
?维度3　根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列短文
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived.They were shocked to find Mac's bicycle lying on the road, his tent bag torn and Mac just like a drowned mouse.They asked anxiously 1.______________________________ (到底发生了什么).Mac responded breathlessly that 2.________________________ (他差点被一只狼吃掉).When told about 3.____________________________________ (Mac经历了什么), they couldn't help screaming out, “What a narrow escape！” “Yes, without their timely help, 4.__________________________________________ (我早已经是狼的盘中餐了).” Mac's friends were also thankful to Paul and Becky. Afraid that there might be more potential dangers ahead, Paul and Becky asked kindly 5.________________________________ (他们是否需要搭便车).Mac and his friends answered with one voice, “6.________________________ (我们乐意).Thank you from the bottom of our hearts！”
　主题阅读训练
　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Living in a smaller, more energy efficient home is one of many possible steps that one can take toward a more sustainable lifestyle. One might also choose to compost (制作堆肥), grow one's own food, collect rainwater, or use alternative sources of energy or transportation.Green living's author and anti food waste activist Rob Greenfield—best known for his 4，700 mile bicycle journey to raise awareness about food waste across the United States—is a great example of someone who transitioned (转变) from living an ordinary consumerist lifestyle, to one that he now hopes has a lighter impact on the planet.
We last saw Rob in his self built $950 tiny house in San Diego, he's now moved on to yet another tiny home in Orlando, Florida that he's built himself using mostly recycled materials. Everything here cost Rob only $1，500 in total to set up.
Currently, Rob is working on a long term project where he's experimenting with growing 100 percent of his food. Thus, though there are a couple of shelves dedicated to personal effects like books and clothing, most of Rob's shelves are dedicated to storing seeds, preserves and things like fire cider and honey wine. Rob also keeps bees and makes his own honey!
Unlike his previous off grid (离网的) home in San Diego, Rob chose to use an extension cord (延长线) that connects back to the main house for electricity. Rob's outdoor kitchen is simple too, but has been well considered: for cooking, he uses a solar oven, plus a home biogas (沼气) cooking system. There's a compost bin (堆肥箱) nearby where he throws any waste.
Such a simple lifestyle might not be for everyone, but Rob's aim is to inspire, to lead by example and show that small, personal choices toward sustainability are indeed achievable.
1．What is Rob famous for
A．Growing his own food.
B．Living in a self built house.
C．Fighting against food waste.
D．Taking a cross country trip on foot.
2．What is Rob's house in Orlando like
A．It is off grid.
B．It is large and splendid.
C．It is much too expensive.
D．It is made of recycled materials.
3．Which of the following can best describe Rob's lifestyle
A．Green. B．Modern.
C．Unhealthy. D．Fast paced.
4．Why does Rob lead such a lifestyle
A．To get close to nature.
B．To recover from an illness.
C．To collect enough money for his project.
D．To raise people's environmental awareness.
B
[2023·山东省青岛地区高二上期中]In March, the water between Canada and Greenland, called Baffin Bay, is covered with sea ice. Scientists in a helicopter fly over, searching for narwhals (独角鲸). The narwhal is one of the most mysterious whale species on Earth. Each male sports a single tusk (长牙) 6 to 10 feet long. Narwhals are the only whales with tusks. They feed on fish, squid and shrimp. By staying under the ice, they avoid killer whales and other predators.
The helicopter lands on the frozen ocean, and Dr. Jens Koblitz climbs out. He studies animal sounds at the BioAcoustics Network. And he works with Dr. Kristin Laidre, a biologist who studies mammals that live in the Arctic.
Dr.Koblitz lowers a weighted line into the icy water. Attached to the line are 16 underwater microphones strung together, about a yard apart. Each sound from a narwhal hits each microphone at a slightly different time. When Dr. Koblitz records, he captures information about how the whales dive and rise as they hunt for food.
“The windchill is minus 5 to minus 22 degrees Fahrenheit. I have to quickly get everything back inside the helicopter so my equipment isn't destroyed by the cold and ice，” he says.
Narwhals use echolocation. The whales buzz, click, and creak. When that sound wave hits an object, like a fish, it bounces back, producing an echo. They use sonar to find holes in the ice and prey in the dark.
But as the average global temperature increases, the Arctic ice is shrinking. The narwhal will face a severe threat as the ice melts. For centuries, sea ice has blocked most ships from the Arctic Ocean. But scientists predict the ocean will be ice free in a few decades. Then ships will roam the narwhals habitats. The noise of the ships may drown out the whales' clicks.
Dr.Laidre says, “If we understand what sounds they use, we can better understand how human impacts.” That understanding can show humans how to help narwhals survive.
5．What is special about narwhals
A．They are the largest whales.
B．They live on sea creatures.
C．Male whales have tusks.
D．They prefer living in warm waters.
6．What does Dr. Koblitz do in Baffin Bay
A．Study mammals in the Arctic.
B．Record narwhal sounds.
C．Track climate changes.
D．Learn how narwhals hunt for food.
7．Which of the following best describes Dr. Koblitz's work
A．Challenging. B．Boring.
C．Well paid. D．Relaxing.
8．What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A．The effects of global warming on narwhals.
B．The current situation of narwhals.
C．Scientists' research on the ocean.
D．Human activities in the Arctic.
Ⅱ.七选五
[2023·山东省高二联考]Everyone wants to be happy. __1__ You must find it in your journey on your own and decide what it is that makes you happy. Therefore, you are the one to light it up and spark it. To give you more happiness, I have provided several habits that you can work on to live an inspiring life that will change you and those around you forever.
See the light in all situations. There's a bright side to everything. __2__ But when it hides from the clouds, remember that you are the one that lights up the sky even brighter than the stars.
Stop comparing yourself with paring yourself to others is a waste of who you are. __3__ There is no one in this world that is exactly like you. You have many special qualities that can't be compared to others. Be yourself and keep at it.
__4__ Who are the people in your life that is important to you Does the person bring the best out of you Spend time with these people. It's worth it.
Be confident. Your confidence can uplift your mood. Whether it's your posture, smile, eye contact, or voice, work on it and you will not only feel better but be better. Write yourself five things that you love about yourself and put it on your wall or read it every morning you wake up. __5__
You really are the one who can make this world better. As you work on all these steps to become happier, you will see the world a lot better than it used to be.
A．Just be yourself.
B．It can really count.
C．On the darkest of days, the moon still shines.
D．Spend time with people that make you better.
E.What makes you feel like you're flying in the sky
F．However, happiness doesn't come to you naturally.
G．You can create your own happiness and spread it to others.Ⅲ.完形填空
[2023·辽宁省葫芦岛市四校高二联考]While running on the beach in San Diego, 11 year old Kenan Pala noticed a sick seal (海豹) lying on the sand. Beachgoers __1__ to help, getting it blankets and water and calling professional rescuers. On the way home after his __2__， Pala saw a sick homeless person who was crying for __3__ too. But people just walked by. “They treated him like an __4__ person，” remembers Pala.
The contrasting__5__ struck the teenager deeply. He began __6__ homelessness in the city and discovered it was severe. According to a US report, San Diego ranks fourth __7__ homelessness rates. So he thought how he could make the public be __8__ of this issue and its impacts.
The __9__ was Kids4Community, a local nonprofit Pala founded in 2017. It develops charitable programs __10__ meant to engage children in these activities. In over two years, Kids4Community has __11__ the launch of a series of initiatives to help the homeless and raised over half a million dollars. While managing the nonprofit __12__ Pala, he makes sure of setting aside time to keep running. It turns out he __13__ them well. Last March, Kids4Community hosted a 5K running race to benefit a housing program, which raised $10，000.
As for his __14__， Pala is clear. “I'm working to run a 10K to raise additional funds and to __15__ Kids4Community to help the homeless across the whole state and involve more kids in charity，”says Pala.　　　　
1．A.reported B．watched
C．gathered D．succeeded
2．A.rescue B．visit
C．arrival D．workout
3．A.assistance B．protection
C．comfort D．forgiveness
4．A.unacceptable B．unknown
C．insensitive D．invisible
5．A.reasons B．responses
C．troubles D．explanations
6．A.researching B．understanding
C．solving D．experiencing
7．A.by comparison with B．by means of
C．in terms of D．in line with
8．A.careful B．aware
C．free D．sure
9．A.inspiration B．challenge
C．opportunity D．answer
10．A.simply B．hopefully
C．specially D．gradually
11．A.considered B．followed
C．witnessed D．prepared
12．A.motivates B．occupies
C．affects D．concerns
13．A.combines B．spreads
C．remembers D．uses
14．A.achievements B．limits
C．responsibilities D．goals
15．A.introduce B．expand
C．represent D．keep
层级一　课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．he was having supper
2．told me; she had seen
3．she had gone home with her sister
4．the sun is bigger than the moon
5．he had met her the day before
6．I had to go there before five
7．she had bought the computer two weeks before
8．if/whether I had read the book the week before
维度2
1．My mother asked me whether/if I could tolerate such bad working conditions.
2．The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy.
3．My father asked me to study ecology in my spare time.
4．The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
5．He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
6．not to look out of the windows in class
7．told the workers not to smoke in that room
8．when they should begin their meeting
维度3
1．what on earth had happened
2．he was almost eaten by a wolf
3．what Mac had experienced
4．I would have been the food of the wolf
5．whether/if they were in need of a lift
6．We'd love to
层级二　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　文章介绍了环保人士罗伯·格林菲尔德自给自足的绿色生活方式。
1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“best known for his 4，700 mile bicycle journey to raise awareness about food waste across the United States”可知，罗伯因反对食物浪费而被人们所熟知。
2．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he's built himself using mostly recycled materials”可知，罗伯的房子几乎都是由回收的材料建造而成的。
3．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“growing 100 percent of his food...and makes his own honey”以及第四段中的“There's a compost bin nearby where he throws any waste.”可知，罗伯的生活方式是绿色环保的。
4．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Rob's aim is to inspire, to lead by example...are indeed achievable”可知，罗伯住在自己建造的房子里，过着自给自足的生活，是为了增强人们的环保意识，为人们树立榜样。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了科学家对独角鲸的研究及全球变暖带给独角鲸带来的威胁。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The narwhal is one of the most mysterious whale species on Earth. Each male sports a single tusk (长牙) 6 to 10 feet long. Narwhals are the only whales with tusks.”可知，雄性独角鲸是唯一有长牙的鲸鱼。这是其与其他鲸鱼的区别。
6．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The helicopter lands on the frozen ocean, and Dr. Jens Koblitz climbs out. He studies animal sounds at the BioAcoustics Network.”第三段中“Dr. Koblitz lowers a weighted line into the icy water. Attached to the line are 16 underwater microphones strung together, about a yard apart. Each sound from a narwhal hits each microphone at a slightly different time. When Dr. Koblitz records, he captures information about how the whales dive and rise as they hunt for food.”可知，科布利茨博士研究动物的声音，他利用水下麦克风来录制独角鲸的声音。
7．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段“‘The windchill is minus 5 to minus 22 degrees Fahrenheit. I have to quickly get everything back inside the helicopter so my equipment isn't destroyed by the cold and ice，’ he says.”可知，科布利茨博士的工作地点的温度很低，可推知他的工作很有挑战性。
8．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第六段可知，随着全球变暖，给独角鲸的生存环境带来了巨大的威胁。因此本段主要介绍全球变暖带给独角鲸的影响。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。主要讲述了通过什么方法，你可以使你的世界比过去好得多。
1．答案与解析：F　根据前文“Everyone wants to be happy.”和后文“You must find it in your journey on your own and decide what it is that makes you happy.”可知，你决定着你的快乐。由此推知，空处和前文为转折关系，可讲述快乐不是自然而来，并非从天而降。
2．答案与解析：C　根据前文“See the light in all situations. There's a bright side to everything.”和空后“But when it hides from the clouds, remember that you are the one that lights up the sky even brighter than the stars.” 可知， it指代前文的“光明”。由此推知，空处应讲述光明在什么情况下存在。C项讲述了月亮在黑暗的日子里会提供光明，符合题意，故选C。
3．答案与解析：A　根据前文“Stop comparing yourself with paring yourself to others is a waste of who you are.”可知，不把自己和别人比较。因此空处应承接前文，描述我们要做好自己。A项“做你自己”与本段首句“停止与他人比较”呼应。
4．答案与解析：D　根据下文“Who are the people in your life that is important to you Does the person bring the best out of you Spend time with these people. It's worth it.”可知，本段主要描述与能把你最好的一面展现出来得人在一起是值得的。
5．答案与解析：B　本段的首句“Be confident.”，和该空上一句“Write yourself five things that you love about yourself and put it on your wall or read it every morning you wake up.”可知，空处应承接前文，讲述这样做对于树立自信的含义是什么。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。讲述了11岁的Kenan Pala经历了人们救治海豹和对无家可归的人的无视，使他决定做些什么来引起人们对无家可归问题的关注，于是在2017年时他创建了非营利组织Kids4Community。
1．答案与解析：C　根据下文“getting it blankets and water and calling professional rescuers”可知，人们纷纷伸出援手，取来毯子、水并叫来了专业的救援人员可做推断，此处表示海滩上的人聚集起来帮助生病的海豹。
2．答案与解析：D　句意：在锻炼后回家的路上，帕拉看到一个生病的无家可归者也在哭泣求救。 文章首句提到 “While running on the beach in San Diego, 11 year old Kenan Pala noticed a sick seal (海豹)” 可知，此处应指Kenan Pala在跑步锻炼完回家的路上。
3．答案与解析：A　结合“a sick seal (海豹) lying on the sand”以及“a sick homeless person who was crying for”可知， Pala在路上遇见的那个无家可归者和海豹的处境相似，此处指一个生病的无家可归者也急需帮助。
4．答案与解析：D　句意：但人们只是走过。“他们把他当成一个隐形人，”帕拉回忆道。根据上文的 “But people just walked by”可知，人们路过却无动于衷→做推断：此处表示人们像是将那个无家可归者视为隐形的人一样。
5．答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，在相似的情况下人们截然不同的反应震撼了Pala。
6．答案与解析：A　句意：他开始研究城市的无家可归问题，发现情况很严重。根据下文的“discovered it was severe… homelessness rates”可知， Pala对圣地亚哥的无家可归问题有了一些发现和认识，可推断此处表示Pala开始调查研究圣地亚哥的无家可归问题。
7．答案与解析：C　根据上文中的 “He began __6____ homelessness in the city and discovered it was severe.”可知，此处表示就无家可归的人的情况进行的调查。
8．答案与解析：B　句意：因此，他思考如何让公众意识到这个问题及其影响。结合上文提到的人们对无家可归的无动于衷以及圣地亚哥无家可归问题的严重性可知， Pala开始思考如何提高人们对无家可归问题的认识。
9．答案与解析：D　上文提到Pala思考如何提高人们对无家可归问题的认识，再结合下文可知， Kids4Community是一家帮助无家可归者的非营利组织，由此可推断此处表示解决办法是Kids4Community对应上文的问题。
10．答案与解析：C　结合语境和最后一段的 “involve more kids in charity”可知， Kids4Community会开展一些专门让孩子们加入的慈善项目。
11．答案与解析：C　句意：两年多来， Kids4Community见证了一系列帮助无家可归者的举措的启动，并筹集了超过五十万美元。 结合语境以及空后的“the launch of a series of initiatives to help the homeless and raised over half a million dollars.”可知，此处阐述的是自打成立Kids4Community两年以来的发展情况。
12．答案与解析：B　句意：虽然管理非营利组织占据Pala大部分时间，但他确保留出时间继续跑步。下文提到“he makes sure of setting aside time to keep running”，即Pala会抽出时间跑步，结合常识和下文可知，此处表示管理Kids4Community占据了Pala大部分时间。
13．答案与解析：A　上文提到虽然Pala忙于管理Kids4Community，他仍然坚持抽出时间跑步以及下文提到Kids4Community组织了一场5公里赛跑以帮助一个房屋建造项目，筹集了10 000美元可知，此处表示Pala把两者兼顾得很好。
14．答案与解析：D　下文提到Pala正致力于举办一场10公里赛跑，并帮助整个州的无家可归者以及让更多孩子参与到慈善事业中来可知，此处表示Pala对自己的目标很明确。
15．答案与解析：B　上文提到 “homelessness in the city” ，“Kids4Community以及a local nonprofit”，表明Kids4Community是一个圣地亚哥这个城市的当地组织，结合下文的“help the homeless across the whole state and involve more kids in charity”可知， Pala想要扩大Kids4Community的规模来帮助整个州的无家可归者，并让更多孩子参与到慈善事业中来。课时作业(九)　UNIT 3　Section Ⅲ　Using Language
　课时跟踪检测
?维度1　单词拼写
1．[2022·全国甲卷]Cao and Wu also collected ________ (垃圾) along the road, in order to promote environmental protection.
2．With the development of science and technology, there is a growing ________ (趋势) towards earlier retirement in that country.
3．It's high time that you ________ (提交) your application, otherwise you will be banned from participating in the activity.
4．Our school has launched a ________ (运动) to call on all the teachers and students not to throw away garbage on campus.
5．Since China's ________ (改革) and opening up in the late 1978, its quick development has aroused worldwide attention.
6．The market has shown ________ (每年的) growth of 20 percent for several years.
7．I believe that ________ (核能的) power offers the best solution to the world's pressing energy problems.
8．It was written in 1946, since when the education system has ________ (经历) great changes.
?维度2　单句语法填空
1．Teachers need to be sensitive ________ the level of development of each student so as to help them better.
2．She was picked out from ________ (dozen) of students to participate in the competition ________ behalf of the school.
3．World Consumer Rights Day is celebrated ________ (annual) by consumer organizations worldwide.
4．Submit your application ________ www.lancasterdesign.org or call 740 6119735.
5．He felt quite pleased because the villagers were living ________ (harmony) with nature once more.
6．He can't tolerate ________ (disturb) by others when he is absorbed in reading.
7．Great changes have taken place since our country ________ (reform) in 1978.
8．Parents are convinced that plenty of praise will make kids more confident, which actually has a negative effect ________ them.
9．With a lot of problems ________ (settle), I can't go skating with you.
10．There are 60 students in our class, many of ________ are from the countryside.
?维度3　完成句子/一句多译
1．感到既害怕又孤单，简坐在一棵树旁，紧紧地用双臂抱住肩膀让自己暖和点。
________________________， Jane sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warmer.
2．他在同学中很受欢迎的原因是他对别人的感情很敏感。
The reason why he is popular with his classmates is that ________________________________________．
3．按照该组织的建议，我们应该保护野生动植物，实现人与自然的和谐相处。
As the organization suggests, we should protect wild animals and plants to ________________________．
4．由于总是出现极端天气，许多人开始关心环保。
Since there is always extreme weather, a lot of people begin to ________________________________________．
5．她不会容忍她的儿子在下次物理考试中犯同样的错误。
①She won't ____________________________________________
in the physics test next time.
②She won't ____________________________________________
in the physics test next time.
③She won't ____________________________________________
in the physics test next time.
?维度4　课文语法填空
The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well known tourist 1.________ (destination) in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. However, its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects 2.________ the river's water quality. 3.________ (previous), water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of 4.________ frequently threw garbage into the river. Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste 5.________ (end) up in the river. In order to feed more people, more chemicals 6.________ (use) to increase crop production. These chemicals led to severe water quality issues, 7.________ (cause) a decrease in the number of fish species. 8.________ comprehensive initiative was started, with dozens of measures that 9.________ (address) the issues. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. In addition, the ambitious “Water Ten Plan” is also now tackling water pollution across the country. With such campaigns in effect, China's waterways are heading towards a clean and 10.________ (sustain) future.
　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2023·辽宁省沈阳市高二上联考]The climate change in California has caused terrible damage to California's marine ecosystems. Untold billions of sea stars, or starfish, from at least 20 species disappeared from the entire Pacific coast because of the marine heatwaves. In the absence of sunflower sea stars, a major predator for sea urchins (海胆), the urchin populations exploded. They laid waste to kelp forests (海草林) already weakened by high ocean temperatures.
However, Central California's kelp ecosystems have done somewhat better than those in Northern California. A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter (海獭) population—a natural predator for urchins—play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.
The research project spanned three years, during which intensive under water surveys produced some very interesting data about sea otter behavior. Sea otters have very high metabolisms (新陈代谢) that keep them warm in icy waters and which also make them greedy consumers of shellfish, urchin, and fish sea otters can eat 25 percent of their body weight in food in a day. At the observed sites, as the urchin population grew, the otter's diet shifted to become more heavily dependent on urchins. In fact, the otters were eating three times as many urchins as they had been before 2014. As a result, they provided crucial protection from urchins to the kelp forests.
The fact that otters were able to contribute to the health of the surviving kelp forests by keeping urchin population in check provides Smith with hope for the forests' continued survival. “The important thing is that the urchins are ultimately reduced，” he says. “The sea otters have maintained patches of kelp forest that can then help refill the barren areas to enhance the recovery of forests.”
1．What influence does climate change have on California's marine ecosystems
A．A greater diversity of marine species.
B．The disappearance of urchins.
C．An explosive growth of sea stars.
D．The weakening of kelp forests.
2．What is the study led by Joshua Smith about
A．Urchins' response to ocean warming.
B．The reproduction of marine animals.
C．Otters' role in protecting kelp forests.
D．The current condition of marine ecosystems.
3．What is a direct result of the shift in otters' diet
A．The otters are more likely to stay warm.
B．The shellfish populations have exploded.
C．Urchins' threat to kelp forests is relieved.
D．The kelp forests have made a full recovery.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Sea Otters to the Rescue
B．Marine Species in Danger
C．Urchins Are Destroying Kelp Forests
D．Otters Increase Kelp Forests' Carbon Storage
B
[2023·临沂高二期中]
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn't just made of water anymore—it's partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June, 2020 has revealed that every year more than 1，000 tons of the particles (颗粒)—equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles—fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径) and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion (研磨) in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic (合成的) clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed (冲掉) away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) condenses (凝结) to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble，” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There's no stopping it once it's out.”
5．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How microplastics should be handled.
B．How microplastics are used widely.
C．How microplastics pollute water.
D．How microplastics come into being.
6．What do we know about microplastics
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
7．What do Steve Allen's words mean in the last paragraph
A．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self cleanse.
C．Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
D．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
8．What's the main purpose of the passage
A．To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B．To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.
C．To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D．To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
Ⅱ.七选五
Carbon dioxide is released when oil, coal, and other fossil fuels are burned for energy—the energy we use to power our homes, cars, and smartphones. By using less of it, we can limit our own contribution to climate change while also saving money. __1__
Buy energy efficient appliances.
Since they were first set in 1987, efficiency standards for dozens of appliances and products have kept 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of the air. That's about the same amount as the yearly carbon pollution coughed up by nearly 440 million cars. When shopping for refrigerators, washing machines, and other appliances，look for the Energy Star label. __2__
Reduce water waste.
Saving water reduces carbon pollution, too. That's because it takes a lot of energy to pump, heat, and treat your water. __3__ Turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. And switch to water efficient equipment. If one out of every 100 American homes did this, about 100 million kilowatt hours of electricity per year would be saved, avoiding 80，000 tons of global warming pollution.
__4__
Gas smart cars, such as hybrids and fully electric cars, save fuel and money. And once all cars and light trucks meet 2025's clean car standards, which means averaging 54.5 miles per gallon, they'll be a mainstay. For good reason: Compared with the 2011 standards, Americans will spend $80 billion less at the gas station each year and cut their emissions by half. Before you buy a new set of wheels, compare fuel economy performance.
Rethink planes, trains, and cars.
Choosing to live in walkable smart growth cities and towns with quality public transportation leads to less driving, less money spent on fuel, and less pollution in the air.
__5__ Air transport is a major source of climate pollution. If you can take a train instead, do that.
A．So take shorter showers.
B．Drive a fuel efficient car.
C．Cut down on your water consumption completely.
D．It will tell you which are the most efficient.
E．Change only happens when individuals take action.
F．Less frequent flying can make a big difference, too.
G．Here are some effective ways each one of us can make a difference.
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2023·孝感市高二期中]To beat the blues of staying at home all day, I __1__ an ‘online book exchange’ on account of my friends. Details were __2__ to understand, and I spent hours trying to make it clear.
I had my doubts, though. For one, it involved __3__ a copy of your favorite book to a complete stranger, and then waiting for a series of people to __4__ the chain, till you received some books __5__， from complete strangers. A natural pessimist I am, I __6__ if I would receive any books. But __7__， I sent a copy of my favorite, Jeffrey Arche's The Eleventh Commandment, to a stranger. Days later, I was __8__ when the first book arrived! And soon followed another 10 books that I had never in my wildest dreams imagined I would receive. Over the next two weeks, books kept __9__， ranging from Dr Abdul Kalam's autobiography (自传) to Charlotte Jane Eyre and a best selling Japanese thriller. I even __10__ my afternoon nap (午觉), ready to open the door __11__ another book was delivered.
There is something intimate (亲密的) about exchanging books with strangers. By __12__ a book with someone, I believe we end up sharing a part of our soul with them.
The posting about the book exchange on social media brought me __13__ to many old friends, with whom I had lost touch due to the __14__ schedules we all had before COVID 19 __15__ our plans. It fired long discussions about trying out wine in Vietnam.
1．A.looked up to B．took part in
C．kept up with D．got hold of
2．A.possible B．boring
C．difficult D．important
3．A.recommending B．explaining
C．sending D．selling
4．A.continue B．discover
C．check D．recognize
5．A.now and then B．in time
C．more or less D．in return
6．A.reported B．observed
C．wondered D．regretted
7．A.bravely B．delightedly
C．willingly D．doubtfully
8．A.disappointed B．puzzled
C．amused D．astonished
9．A.coming out B．pouring in
C．working D．disappearing
10．A.worried about B．looked forward to
C．got back to D．gave up
11．A.in case B．even if
C．as though D．so that
12．A.delivering B．sharing
C．collecting D．discussing
13．A.closer B．kinder
C．more serious D．more sensitive
14．A.irregular B．natural
C．busy D．flexible
15．A.cancelled B．dropped
C．opposed D．ruined
层级一　课时跟踪检测
维度1
1．garbage　2.trend　3.submitted　4.campaign　5.reform　6.annual　7.nuclear　8.undergone
维度2
1．to　2.dozens; on　3.annually　4.to　5.harmoniously
6．being disturbed　7.reformed　8.on　9.to settle　10.whom
维度3
1．Feeling scared and lonely
2．he is very sensitive to other people's feelings
3．live in harmony with nature
4．show concern for environment protection
5．①tolerate her son making the same mistakes
②stand her son making the same mistakes
③bear her son making the same mistakes
维度4
1．destinations　2.on　3.Previously　4.whom　5.ending　6.were used　7.causing　8.A　9.addressed　10.sustainable
层级二　主题阅读训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章讲述了加州气候变化造成海胆泛滥从而影响到当地的海草林，研究发现海獭对于海胆的猎食对于海草林有一定的保护作用。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段“They laid waste to kelp forests already weakened by high ocean temperatures.”可知，气候变化引起的高温海水已经影响了海草林。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段“examines the role sea otter populations—a natural predator for urchins—play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.”可知，本次研究主要是去核实海獭对于保护现存海草林方面的作用。
3．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段“As a result, they provided crucial protection from urchins to the kelp forests.”可知，海獭饮食发生变化，大批的海胆被海獭猎食，海胆对于海草林的影响得到了缓解。
4．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter populations—a natural predator for urchins—play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.”可知，本文主要是介绍海獭捕食海胆，从而让现存的海草林得到保护。
B
【语篇解读】　文章介绍了微塑料无处不在，并分析了它的来源和它对生物造成的影响。
5．答案与解析：D　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.”和下文提到的三种微塑料来源可推知，本段讲微塑料是怎么形成的。
6．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine...As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.”可知，微塑料存在于整个生物食物链中。
7．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘We live on a ball inside a bubble...There's no stopping it once it's out.’”可推知，斯蒂芬·艾伦认为微塑料造成的污染无法避免，没有安全的地方。
8．答案与解析：D　写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，第三段分析了微塑料的三个来源，第四、五段介绍它对生物的影响。由此可知，本文的主要目的是介绍微塑料的来源和影响。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以减少碳排放的有效方法。
1．答案与解析：G　根据上文“By using less of it, we can...also saving money.”并结合后文可知，G项承上启下，符合语境。
2．答案与解析：D　根据上文“When shopping for refrigerators...the Energy Star label.”可知，本句应承接上文继续说明原因。D项中It指代上文the Energy Star label。
3．答案与解析：A　根据本段小标题可知，本段内容围绕节约用水展开，且本句与后文并列，都是生活中节约用水的具体例子，A项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：B　根据本段内容可知， 本段的建议是驾驶节油型汽车。B项符合语境。
5．答案与解析：F　根据后文“Air transport is a major source of climate pollution. If you can take a train instead, do that.”可知，本段的建议是少乘坐飞机，F项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在疫情期间参加了线上图书交流活动，这让作者受益匪浅。
1．答案与解析：B　句意：为了摆脱整天呆在家里的郁闷，我因为朋友参加了一个“在线图书交流”活动。根据后文“an ‘online book exchange’”宾语可知，这是一个线上图书交流活动，因此所选短语应表示“参加”含义。
2．答案与解析：C　根据后文“I spent hours trying to make it clear”可知，作者花了很长时间才弄清楚细则，因此图书交流活动的细则很难理解。
3．答案与解析：C　句意：例如，它涉及到将你最喜欢的书寄给一个完全陌生的人，然后等待一系列的人继续这个链条，直到你从完全陌生的人那里收到一些书作为回报。 后文“a copy of your favorite book”为“最喜欢的书”，且结合后文“till you received some books”可知，收到别人的书是因为自己先将书送给了别人。
4．答案与解析：A　结合语境可推知，“the chain”应是指“向陌生人寄送自己最喜欢的书”这一送书循环，这个循环要持续到自己手里有了几本其他人寄送的书。
5．答案与解析：D　句意：例如，它涉及到将你最喜欢的书寄给一个完全陌生的人，然后等待一系列的人继续这个链条，直到你从完全陌生的人那里收到一些书作为回报。 根据前文“__3__ a copy of your favorite book to a complete stranger”可知，要将自己最喜欢的书寄送给陌生人，那么自己收到的书应是别人送的，这作为回报。
6．答案与解析：C　根据前文“I had my doubts, though.”可知，作者其实对这个活动抱有怀疑的态度，因此，这里表达作者其实对自己能否收到书籍表示怀疑好奇。
7．答案与解析：A　句意：但我勇敢地把我最喜欢的杰弗里·阿奇的《第十一诫》寄给了一个陌生人。 根据后文“I sent a copy of my favorite Jeffrey Arche's The Eleventh Commandment, to a stranger.”可知，作者决定勇敢一试，选择相信能收到别人的书。
8．答案与解析：D　根据前文“A natural pessimist I am, I __6__ if I would receive any books.”可知，作者对自己是否收到书抱有怀疑，因此收到书令作者很惊讶。
9．答案与解析：B　根据后文“ranging from Dr Abdul Kalam's autobiography to Charlotte Jane Eyre and a bestselling Japanese thriller”的描述可知，不断有书出现。
10．答案与解析：D　根据后文“ready to open the door __11__ another book was delivered”可知，作者随时准备着开门迎接书的到来，因此应是放弃了午觉。
11．答案与解析：A　分析语境可知，“I even __10__ my afternoon nap, ready to open the door”是为了避免错过送来的书。“in case”意为“以防，以免”，符合句意。
12．答案与解析：B　句意：通过与人分享一本书，我相信我们最终与他们分享了我们灵魂的一部分。“share sth. with sb.”，“和某人分享某物”。
13．答案与解析：A　根据前文“There is something intimate about exchanging books with strangers.”可知，作者觉得和陌生人交换书让他有种亲密感，那么更不用和“失联”已久的朋友了。
14．答案与解析：C　句意：在社交媒体上发布关于图书交换的消息让我和许多老朋友更亲近了，在新冠肺炎毁掉我们的计划之前，我们都因为繁忙的日程安排而失去了联系。 分析语境可知，这里的“schedules”应是指大家繁忙的工作日程。
15．答案与解析：D　根据后文“It fired long discussions about trying out wine in Vietnam.”可知，之前作者和他的朋友们因为工作繁忙而疏远了，现在疫情毁掉了他们的安排。

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