资源简介 初中常考易错的动词短语look,put,take,give,get,turn,come:look 相关短语:1. look for:“寻找”,强调找的动作过程。易错点在于容易与“find(找到,强调结果)”混淆。例:I'm looking for my keys, but I can't find them.我在找我的钥匙,但我找不到它们。2.look after:表示“照顾,照料”。与“take care of”意思相近。She is looking after her sick mother.她在照顾她生病的母亲。3.look up:“查阅;向上看”。“查阅”这个意思容易用错。Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查阅这个单词。这个句子中,不能用其他类似短语随意替换。put 相关短语:1.put on:“穿上;上演;增加”。容易在表示“穿”的含义上与“wear(穿着,表示状态)”和“dress(给……穿衣,后面常接人)”混淆。例:It's cold outside. Put on your coat.外面冷,穿上你的外套。She is wearing a red dress today.她今天穿着一条红色的连衣裙。The mother is dressing her baby. 母亲正在给她的宝宝穿衣服。2.put off:“推迟;脱掉”,常考“推迟”。例:The meeting has been put off until next week.会议被推迟到下周了。3.put up:“张贴(广告等);挂起;举起”。Put up the poster on the wall. 把海报贴在墙上。这个句子中,“put up”不能用其他表示“张贴”的短语随意替换。I put up my hand to answer the question.我举手回答问题。They put up a tent in the camping site.他们在露营地搭起了一个帐篷。take 相关短语:1.take off:“脱下(衣服等);起飞”。例:The plane will take off in ten minutes.飞机将在十分钟后起飞He took off his coat and sat down.他脱下外套坐了下来。2.take in:“吸入;吞入(体内);理解;接受”。The plant takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.植物吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。It took me a long time to take in what the teacher said.我花了很长时间才理解老师说的话。3.take over:“接收;接管”,在一些语境中可能会与4.“take up(从事(工作、兴趣爱好等);着手处理)”混淆。The new manager will take over next month.新经理将在下个月接管。She took up painting as a hobby.她把绘画作为一种爱好。give 相关短语:1.give up:“放弃”,后面常接名词或动名词。学生容易在使用时忘记接正确的形式。例:Don't give up easily. You can make it.不要轻易放弃,你可以做到的。He gave up smoking last year.他去年戒烟了。2.give out:“分发;散发”,容易与3.“give away(捐赠;颁发)”混淆。例:The teacher gave out the test papers.老师分发了试卷。She gave away her old clothes to the charity.她把她的旧衣服捐给了慈善机构。4. give in:“屈服;让步”。例:Finally, he gave in to the pressure and agreed to do it.最后,他在压力下屈服了,同意去做这件事。 get 相关短语:1.get on/off:“上车/下车(大型交通工具,如公共汽车、火车等)”,容易与2.“get in/out of(上车/下车(小型交通工具,如汽车等))”混淆。例:Get on the bus quickly. It's going to leave.快点上公共汽车,它要开了。Get out of the car and wait for me here.从车里出来,在这儿等我。3.get over:“克服;恢复”。例:She finally got over her illness.她终于从疾病中恢复了。He needs to get over his shyness.他需要克服他的害羞。4. get along/on with:“与……相处”,在表达人际关系的语境中容易用错或忘记该短语的搭配。例”How are you getting along with your classmates 你和你的同学们相处得怎么样? turn 相关短语:1. turn on/off:“打开/关掉(电器、水龙头等)”。例:Turn on the light. It's too dark here.打开灯,这里太暗了。Don't forget to turn off the TV before you go to bed.睡觉前别忘了关电视。2. turn up/down:“调高(声音等)/调低(声音等)”。例:Turn up the radio. I can't hear it clearly.把收音机音量调大,我听不清。Turn down the music. It's too loud.把音乐声调小,太吵了。come 相关短语:1.come up:“走近;发生;被提及;上升”。例:The sun came up.太阳升起来了。A problem came up during the meeting.会议期间出现了一个问题。易错点:容易和“come up with”混淆。“come up”强调问题、想法等“出现”,而2.“come up with”侧重于“想出,提出(主意、计划、回答等)”。注意主语。He came up with a good idea to solve the problem.他想出了一个解决问题的好主意。3.come on:“快点;加油;(疾病、痛苦等)开始;进展;上演”等。- 例: Come on! We'll be late.快点!我们要迟到了。- The play is coming on next week.这出戏下周上演。- 易错点:在表示“快点”的意思时,和“hurry up”意思相近,但“come on”的用法更灵活,还可以用于鼓励他人做某事,而“hurry up”主要侧重“赶快”这一动作。4.come out:“出来;出版;开花;结果是”。- 例:The book came out last month.这本书上个月出版了。- The flowers came out in spring.花在春天开放。- 易错点:在“出版”这个意思上,容易和“publish”混淆。“come out”强调书籍、杂志等的出版发行这个动作或状态;“publish”更侧重出版这个行为的主体,即“出版社、出版人出版(书籍等)”。5.come over:“过来;顺便来访;从远处来;改变立场(观点)”。- 例:Can you come over to my house tonight 你今晚能来我家吗?A strange feeling came over him.他突然产生一种奇怪的感觉。- 易错点:和6.“come across(偶然遇见;偶然发现)”易混淆。“come over”更强调有目的的拜访或者一种感觉的袭来;“come across”侧重于偶然碰到某人或某物。She came across her former teacher at the supermarket.她在超市偶遇了她以前的老师。Exercises举一反三选择题一、Look 相关1. The teacher asked the students to ____ the blackboard carefully.A. look for B. look at C. look after2. She is ____ her lost watch everywhere.A. looking after B. looking for C. looking up二、Put 相关1. Please ____ your hands if you have any questions.A. put up B. put on C. put away2. We should ____ our clothes in the wardrobe neatly.A. put on B. put up C. put away三、Take 相关1. It ____ me two hours to finish my homework every day.A. takes B. spends C. costs2. She often ____ a walk after dinner.A. takes B. makes C. does四、Give 相关1. My mother ____ me a lot of love and care.A. gives away B. gives up C. gives to2. He ____ his seat to an old man on the bus.A. gave up B. gave in C. gave away五、Get 相关1. I'm trying to ____ ready for the exam.A. Get B. get on C. get up2. He ____ well with his classmates.A. gets on B. gets up C. gets off六、Turn 相关1. Please ____ the light when you leave the room.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up2. The radio is too loud. Please ____ it down.A. turn B. turn on C. turn down七、Come 相关1. I'm looking forward to your letter. Please write to me soon and let me know how you are ____.A. coming along B. coming up C. coming over2. A new idea suddenly ____ to me when I was reading.A. came up B. came out C. came across中考真题1. —I'm looking forward to ____ my parents soon. What about you —Me too.A. seeing B. see C. saw2. The firemen ____ the big fire bravely last night.3. She ____ a lot of money to the charity last year.A. gave away B. gave up C. gave in4. It's time to ____ the lights. We need to save energy.A. turn off B. turn on C. turn up5. You should ____ your homework before you hand it in.A. look through B. look for C. look after6. The plane will ____ in ten minutes.A. take off B. take away C. take out7. I can't ____ what you said just now. Could you repeat it A. look up B. look after C. take in8. My mother often tells me to ____ my own things.A. put away B. put on C. put off9. We should learn to ____ difficulties and challenges in our life.A. get over B. get off C. get up10. She ____ the new words in the dictionary when she didn't know their meanings.A. looked up B. looked for C. looked after参考答案举一反三选择题一、Look 相关1.答案:B。解析:“look at”表示“看”,老师让学生认真看黑板。“look for”是“寻找”,“look after”是“照顾”,不符合语境。2. 答案:B。解析:“looking for”表示“寻找”,她在到处找她丢失的手表。“looking after”是“照顾”,“looking up”是“查阅”,不符合题意。二、Put 相关1. 答案:A。解析:“put up”有“举起”的意思,有问题就举手。“put on”是“穿上”,“put away”是“把……收起来”,不符合语境。2答案:C。解析:“put away”表示“把……收起来”,把衣服整齐地收在衣柜里。“put on”是“穿上”,“put up”是“张贴;搭建;举起”,不符合要求。三、Take 相关1. 答案:A。解析:“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型,表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。“spend”的主语是人,“cost”一般指花费金钱。2. 答案:A。解析:“take a walk”是固定短语,表示“散步”。“make”和“do”没有“散步”的搭配。四、Give 相关1. C. gives to答案:无正确选项,应该是“gives”。解析:“give sb. sth.”或“give sth. to sb.”表示“给某人某物”,妈妈给我很多爱和关心,用“gives me a lot of love and care”。2.答案:A。解析:“gave up”在这里是“让出;放弃”的意思,他在公交车上把座位让给一位老人。“gave in”是“屈服;让步”,“gave away”是“赠送;分发”,不符合语境。五、Get 相关1. 答案:A。解析:“get ready for”是固定短语,表示“为……做准备”。“get on”是“上车;进展”,“get up”是“起床”,不符合题意。2. 答案:A。解析:“gets on well with”表示“与……相处得好”,他和同学们相处得很好。“gets up”是“起床”,“gets off”是“下车”,不符合要求。六、Turn 相关1. 答案:B。解析:“turn off”表示“关掉”,离开房间时要关灯。“turn on”是“打开”,“turn up”是“调大(声音等)”,不符合语境。2. 答案:C。解析:“turn down”表示“调小;调低”,收音机声音太大了,把它调小一点。“turn”单独不能表示这个意思,“turn on”是“打开”,不符合要求。七、Come 相关1. 答案:A。解析:“come along”有“进展;生活;过活”的意思,这里是问对方过得怎么样。“coming up”是“走近;被提及;上升”,“coming over”是“过来;顺便来访”,不符合语境。2. 答案:A。解析:“came up”表示“(想法等)出现”,在阅读的时候一个新想法突然出现。“came out”是“出版;出来”,“came across”是“偶然遇见”,不符合题意。中考真题1. 答案:A。解析:“look forward to”中的“to”是介词,后面要跟动词的-ing 形式,“seeing”是“see”的动名词形式,所以选 A。2. 答案:A。解析:“put out”是“扑灭;熄灭(火)”的意思,消防员昨晚勇敢地扑灭了大火,符合语境;“put on”是“穿上;上演”;“put up”是“张贴;搭建”,均不符合。3. 答案:A。解析:“gave away”有“赠送;分发”的意思,她去年给慈善机构捐了很多钱,用“gave away”;“gave up”是“放弃”;“gave in”是“屈服”。4. 答案:A。解析:根据“save energy(节约能源)”可知,应该是关灯,“turn off”是“关闭”;“turn on”是“打开”;“turn up”是“调大”,所以选 A。5. 答案:A。解析:“look through”是“浏览;仔细检查”,交作业前应该仔细检查一下,“look through”符合语境;“look for”是“寻找”;“look after”是“照顾”。6. 答案:A。解析:“take off”有“(飞机等)起飞”的意思,飞机十分钟后起飞,“take off”符合;“take away”是“拿走;带走”;“take out”是“取出”。7. 答案:C。解析:“take in”有“理解;吸收;领会”的意思,我不能理解你刚才说的话,符合语境;“look up”是“查阅”;“look after”是“照顾”。8.答案:A。解析:“put away”是“把……收起来;储存……备用”,妈妈经常告诉我把自己的东西收起来,“put away”符合;“put on”是“穿上”;“put off”是“推迟”。9. 答案:A。解析:“get over”是“克服”的意思,我们应该学会克服生活中的困难和挑战,“get over”符合;“get off”是“下车”;“get up”是“起床”。10.A. looked up B. looked for C. looked after答案:A。解析:“look up”有“在词典、参考书等中查阅”的意思,她不知道新单词的意思时就在字典里查,“looked up”符合;“looked for”是“寻找”;“looked after”是“照顾”。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览