初中常考易错的look,put,take,give,get,turn,come动词短语及习题 (含解析)

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初中常考易错的look,put,take,give,get,turn,come动词短语及习题 (含解析)

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初中常考易错的动词短语
look,put,take,give,get,turn,come:
look 相关短语:
1. look for:“寻找”,强调找的动作过程。易错点在于容易与“find(找到,强调结果)”混淆。
例:I'm looking for my keys, but I can't find them.
我在找我的钥匙,但我找不到它们。
2.look after:表示“照顾,照料”。与“take care of”意思相近。
She is looking after her sick mother.她在照顾她生病的母亲。
3.look up:“查阅;向上看”。“查阅”这个意思容易用错。
Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查阅这个单词。
这个句子中,不能用其他类似短语随意替换。
put 相关短语:
1.put on:“穿上;上演;增加”。容易在表示“穿”的含义上与“wear(穿着,表示状态)”和“dress(给……穿衣,后面常接人)”混淆。
例:It's cold outside. Put on your coat.外面冷,穿上你的外套。
She is wearing a red dress today.她今天穿着一条红色的连衣裙。
The mother is dressing her baby. 母亲正在给她的宝宝穿衣服。
2.put off:“推迟;脱掉”,常考“推迟”。
例:The meeting has been put off until next week.
会议被推迟到下周了。
3.put up:“张贴(广告等);挂起;举起”。
Put up the poster on the wall. 把海报贴在墙上。
这个句子中,“put up”不能用其他表示“张贴”的短语随意替换。
I put up my hand to answer the question.我举手回答问题。
They put up a tent in the camping site.
他们在露营地搭起了一个帐篷。
take 相关短语:
1.take off:“脱下(衣服等);起飞”。
例:The plane will take off in ten minutes.飞机将在十分钟后起飞He took off his coat and sat down.他脱下外套坐了下来。
2.take in:“吸入;吞入(体内);理解;接受”。
The plant takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
植物吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。
It took me a long time to take in what the teacher said.
我花了很长时间才理解老师说的话。
3.take over:“接收;接管”,在一些语境中可能会与
4.“take up(从事(工作、兴趣爱好等);着手处理)”混淆。
The new manager will take over next month.
新经理将在下个月接管。
She took up painting as a hobby.她把绘画作为一种爱好。
give 相关短语:
1.give up:“放弃”,后面常接名词或动名词。学生容易在使用时忘记接正确的形式。
例:Don't give up easily. You can make it.
不要轻易放弃,你可以做到的。
He gave up smoking last year.他去年戒烟了。
2.give out:“分发;散发”,容易与
3.“give away(捐赠;颁发)”混淆。
例:The teacher gave out the test papers.老师分发了试卷。
She gave away her old clothes to the charity.
她把她的旧衣服捐给了慈善机构。
4. give in:“屈服;让步”。
例:Finally, he gave in to the pressure and agreed to do it.最后,他在压力下屈服了,同意去做这件事。

get 相关短语:
1.get on/off:“上车/下车(大型交通工具,如公共汽车、火车等)”,容易与
2.“get in/out of(上车/下车(小型交通工具,如汽车等))”混淆。
例:Get on the bus quickly. It's going to leave.
快点上公共汽车,它要开了。
Get out of the car and wait for me here.从车里出来,在这儿等我。
3.get over:“克服;恢复”。
例:She finally got over her illness.她终于从疾病中恢复了。
He needs to get over his shyness.他需要克服他的害羞。
4. get along/on with:“与……相处”,在表达人际关系的语境中容易用错或忘记该短语的搭配。
例”How are you getting along with your classmates
你和你的同学们相处得怎么样?

turn 相关短语:
1. turn on/off:“打开/关掉(电器、水龙头等)”。
例:Turn on the light. It's too dark here.打开灯,这里太暗了。Don't forget to turn off the TV before you go to bed.
睡觉前别忘了关电视。
2. turn up/down:“调高(声音等)/调低(声音等)”。
例:Turn up the radio. I can't hear it clearly.
把收音机音量调大,我听不清。
Turn down the music. It's too loud.把音乐声调小,太吵了。
come 相关短语:
1.come up:“走近;发生;被提及;上升”。
例:The sun came up.太阳升起来了。
A problem came up during the meeting.会议期间出现了一个问题。
易错点:容易和“come up with”混淆。“come up”强调问题、想法等“出现”,而2.“come up with”侧重于“想出,提出(主意、计划、回答等)”。注意主语。
He came up with a good idea to solve the problem.
他想出了一个解决问题的好主意。
3.come on:“快点;加油;(疾病、痛苦等)开始;进展;上演”等。
- 例: Come on! We'll be late.快点!我们要迟到了。
- The play is coming on next week.这出戏下周上演。
- 易错点:在表示“快点”的意思时,和“hurry up”意思相近,但“come on”的用法更灵活,还可以用于鼓励他人做某事,而“hurry up”主要侧重“赶快”这一动作。
4.come out:“出来;出版;开花;结果是”。
- 例:The book came out last month.这本书上个月出版了。
- The flowers came out in spring.花在春天开放。
- 易错点:在“出版”这个意思上,容易和“publish”混淆。“come out”强调书籍、杂志等的出版发行这个动作或状态;“publish”更侧重出版这个行为的主体,即“出版社、出版人出版(书籍等)”。
5.come over:“过来;顺便来访;从远处来;改变立场(观点)”。
- 例:Can you come over to my house tonight 你今晚能来我家吗?A strange feeling came over him.他突然产生一种奇怪的感觉。
- 易错点:和6.“come across(偶然遇见;偶然发现)”易混淆。“come over”更强调有目的的拜访或者一种感觉的袭来;“come across”侧重于偶然碰到某人或某物。
She came across her former teacher at the supermarket.
她在超市偶遇了她以前的老师。
Exercises
举一反三选择题
一、Look 相关
1. The teacher asked the students to ____ the blackboard carefully.
A. look for B. look at C. look after
2. She is ____ her lost watch everywhere.
A. looking after B. looking for C. looking up
二、Put 相关
1. Please ____ your hands if you have any questions.
A. put up B. put on C. put away
2. We should ____ our clothes in the wardrobe neatly.
A. put on B. put up C. put away
三、Take 相关
1. It ____ me two hours to finish my homework every day.
A. takes B. spends C. costs
2. She often ____ a walk after dinner.
A. takes B. makes C. does
四、Give 相关
1. My mother ____ me a lot of love and care.
A. gives away B. gives up C. gives to
2. He ____ his seat to an old man on the bus.
A. gave up B. gave in C. gave away
五、Get 相关
1. I'm trying to ____ ready for the exam.
A. Get B. get on C. get up
2. He ____ well with his classmates.
A. gets on B. gets up C. gets off
六、Turn 相关
1. Please ____ the light when you leave the room.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up
2. The radio is too loud. Please ____ it down.
A. turn B. turn on C. turn down
七、Come 相关
1. I'm looking forward to your letter. Please write to me soon and let me know how you are ____.
A. coming along B. coming up C. coming over
2. A new idea suddenly ____ to me when I was reading.
A. came up B. came out C. came across
中考真题
1. —I'm looking forward to ____ my parents soon. What about you
—Me too.
A. seeing B. see C. saw
2. The firemen ____ the big fire bravely last night.
3. She ____ a lot of money to the charity last year.
A. gave away B. gave up C. gave in
4. It's time to ____ the lights. We need to save energy.
A. turn off B. turn on C. turn up
5. You should ____ your homework before you hand it in.
A. look through B. look for C. look after
6. The plane will ____ in ten minutes.
A. take off B. take away C. take out
7. I can't ____ what you said just now. Could you repeat it
A. look up B. look after C. take in
8. My mother often tells me to ____ my own things.
A. put away B. put on C. put off
9. We should learn to ____ difficulties and challenges in our life.
A. get over B. get off C. get up
10. She ____ the new words in the dictionary when she didn't know their meanings.
A. looked up B. looked for C. looked after
参考答案
举一反三选择题
一、Look 相关
1.
答案:B。解析:“look at”表示“看”,老师让学生认真看黑板。“look for”是“寻找”,“look after”是“照顾”,不符合语境。
2.
答案:B。解析:“looking for”表示“寻找”,她在到处找她丢失的手表。“looking after”是“照顾”,“looking up”是“查阅”,不符合题意。
二、Put 相关
1.
答案:A。解析:“put up”有“举起”的意思,有问题就举手。“put on”是“穿上”,“put away”是“把……收起来”,不符合语境。
2
答案:C。解析:“put away”表示“把……收起来”,把衣服整齐地收在衣柜里。“put on”是“穿上”,“put up”是“张贴;搭建;举起”,不符合要求。
三、Take 相关
1.
答案:A。解析:“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型,表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。“spend”的主语是人,“cost”一般指花费金钱。
2.
答案:A。解析:“take a walk”是固定短语,表示“散步”。“make”和“do”没有“散步”的搭配。
四、Give 相关
1.
C. gives to
答案:无正确选项,应该是“gives”。解析:“give sb. sth.”或“give sth. to sb.”表示“给某人某物”,妈妈给我很多爱和关心,用“gives me a lot of love and care”。
2.
答案:A。解析:“gave up”在这里是“让出;放弃”的意思,他在公交车上把座位让给一位老人。“gave in”是“屈服;让步”,“gave away”是“赠送;分发”,不符合语境。
五、Get 相关
1.
答案:A。解析:“get ready for”是固定短语,表示“为……做准备”。“get on”是“上车;进展”,“get up”是“起床”,不符合题意。
2.
答案:A。解析:“gets on well with”表示“与……相处得好”,他和同学们相处得很好。“gets up”是“起床”,“gets off”是“下车”,不符合要求。
六、Turn 相关
1.
答案:B。解析:“turn off”表示“关掉”,离开房间时要关灯。“turn on”是“打开”,“turn up”是“调大(声音等)”,不符合语境。
2.
答案:C。解析:“turn down”表示“调小;调低”,收音机声音太大了,把它调小一点。“turn”单独不能表示这个意思,“turn on”是“打开”,不符合要求。
七、Come 相关
1.
答案:A。解析:“come along”有“进展;生活;过活”的意思,这里是问对方过得怎么样。“coming up”是“走近;被提及;上升”,“coming over”是“过来;顺便来访”,不符合语境。
2.
答案:A。解析:“came up”表示“(想法等)出现”,在阅读的时候一个新想法突然出现。“came out”是“出版;出来”,“came across”是“偶然遇见”,不符合题意。
中考真题
1.
答案:A。解析:“look forward to”中的“to”是介词,后面要跟动词的-ing 形式,“seeing”是“see”的动名词形式,所以选 A。
2.
答案:A。解析:“put out”是“扑灭;熄灭(火)”的意思,消防员昨晚勇敢地扑灭了大火,符合语境;“put on”是“穿上;上演”;“put up”是“张贴;搭建”,均不符合。
3.
答案:A。解析:“gave away”有“赠送;分发”的意思,她去年给慈善机构捐了很多钱,用“gave away”;“gave up”是“放弃”;“gave in”是“屈服”。
4.
答案:A。解析:根据“save energy(节约能源)”可知,应该是关灯,“turn off”是“关闭”;“turn on”是“打开”;“turn up”是“调大”,所以选 A。
5.
答案:A。解析:“look through”是“浏览;仔细检查”,交作业前应该仔细检查一下,“look through”符合语境;“look for”是“寻找”;“look after”是“照顾”。
6.
答案:A。解析:“take off”有“(飞机等)起飞”的意思,飞机十分钟后起飞,“take off”符合;“take away”是“拿走;带走”;“take out”是“取出”。
7.
答案:C。解析:“take in”有“理解;吸收;领会”的意思,我不能理解你刚才说的话,符合语境;“look up”是“查阅”;“look after”是“照顾”。
8.
答案:A。解析:“put away”是“把……收起来;储存……备用”,妈妈经常告诉我把自己的东西收起来,“put away”符合;“put on”是“穿上”;“put off”是“推迟”。
9.
答案:A。解析:“get over”是“克服”的意思,我们应该学会克服生活中的困难和挑战,“get over”符合;“get off”是“下车”;“get up”是“起床”。
10.A. looked up B. looked for C. looked after
答案:A。解析:“look up”有“在词典、参考书等中查阅”的意思,她不知道新单词的意思时就在字典里查,“looked up”符合;“looked for”是“寻找”;“looked after”是“照顾”。

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