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新概念英语1：Lesson 129-130重要笔记
Lesson 129 单词讲解
1. wave [we v] v.招手
wave to sb. 向......招手
Look，that policeman is waving to you. 看，那位警察正在向你招手。
2. track [tr k] n. 跑道
The race track which they cleaned yesterday is full of bottles now.
他们昨天打扫过的赛道现在满是瓶子。
My brother must be driving a car on the race track. 我哥哥一定正在赛道上开车。
3. mile [ma l] 英里
You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour. 你刚才一定是以每小时七十英里的速度在开车。
4. overtake [ v 'te k] v. 从后面超越，超车
overtake-overtook-overtaken
The red car carefully overtook the white car in front. 这辆红色的车小心翼翼地超过了前面的白色车。
I had to walk very fast to overtake you. 我不得不快走才能赶过你。
5. speed limit 限速
The speed limit on this highway is 120 km/h. 这条高速公路的限速是120公里/小时。
The speed limit in this town is 40 miles per hour.本市速度限制是每小时四十英里。
6. dream [dri m] v. 做梦，思想不集中
She waved to you, but you didn't see her. You must have been dreaming. 她向你挥手，但你没看见她。你一定是思想在开小差。
I often dream about being wealthy. 我经常梦到发财。
7. sign [sa n] 标记，牌子
Can't you see the sign over there 你看不到那边的牌子吗？
When he was cleaning the sign on the street yesterday, I waved to him. 当他在街上擦洗那块牌子时，我向他挥了挥手。
8. driving licence 驾驶执照 （licence 也作license）
Please show me your driving licence. 请出示你的驾驶执照。
9. charge v. 罚款
The policeman charged him yesterday. 警察昨天罚他款了。
I won't charge you this time. 这次我就不罚你款了。
10. darling ['dɑ l ] n. 亲爱的（用来表示称呼）
Darling, can you help me with this heavy box 亲爱的，你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？
Darling, I'm so proud of you. 亲爱的，我真为你骄傲。
Lesson 129 课文讲解
1．Where do you think you are 你认为你现在是在哪儿？
do you think 是用在特殊疑问句中的插入语，用来征询见解或表达看法。因为句中插入语已经是疑问式，主谓倒装了，所以you are的位置不能再对调了。插入语一般是对句子加一些附加的解释，在句子中作独立成分。常用来作插入语的结构有I hope, I think, I'm afraid, you know等。插入语可以位于句尾或句中，有时也可出现在疑问句中。
When do you think we should start 你觉得我们什么时候应该开始？
When do you think he will come 你认为他什么时候会来？
2. You must have been driving at seventy miles an hour. 你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度开车。
must have been doing sth.,一定/准是在做某事。
这种结构用来表示对过去正进行的事情的推测。下文中的can't have been是 can't have been driving的省略式，在意思上与must have been driving正相反。
at seventy miles an hour ：以每小时七十英里的速度
3. I was doing eighty when I overtook you. 我是以每小时80英里的速度赶上你的。
这里的doing eighty 是一个非正式的、口语化的表达方式，等同于 "driving at eighty miles an hour"。
4. I must have been dreaming. 我（当时）一定是思想开小差了。
5. That's why I didn't see the sign.所以我才没看见那牌子。
why I didn't see the sign作is的表语从句，以why引导的从句用来解释事情的原因。
That's why + 句子 那就是为什么......的原因
That's why she didn't want to go to the party. 那就是她为什么不想去聚会的原因。
That's why she's so good at math. 那就是她为什么数学这么好的原因。
That's why I prefer to read books instead of watching TV. 那就是为什么我更喜欢读书而不是看电视。
That's why he looks so tired today. 那就是他今天为什么看起来这么累的原因。
6. But you'd better not do it again. 但你最好不要再开得这样快。
had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事
She had better not eat too much junk food. 她最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。
.
7. I'll certainly be more careful ! 我以后一定会多加注意。
It will certainly be more expensive. 它的价格肯定会更贵。
8. You'd better take my advice! 你最好还是听从我的劝告吧！
take one's advice 听取劝告
You should take my advice and study harder. 你应该听我的劝告，更加努力学习。
My friend took my advice and started saving money for a rainy day. 我的朋友听取了我的劝告，开始为不时之需存钱。
Lesson 129-130 语法讲解
情态动词表推测：must, can't , may/might
一. 对现在或将来情况的推测 (L127-128 学过）
用“情态动词+动词原形”
1. must 用于肯定推测，表示“一定”
The light is on. He must be at home. 灯亮着呢，他一定在家。
She must be very tired. 她一定很累了。
She must be cooking dinner, I can smell something delicious.她一定在做晚饭，我闻到很香的味道。
2. may/might 表示“可能” （might 可能性更小些）
She may be at the library, she likes studying there. 她可能在图书馆，她喜欢在那里学习。
He might be watching TV, he loves his evening shows. 他可能在看电视，他很喜欢晚上的电视节目。
She may/might come tomorrow. 她可能明天来。
3. can't 用于否定推测，表示“不可能，肯定不”。
The boy can't be Tom. I saw him reading in the library just now. 那个男孩不可能是汤姆。我刚才看见他在图书馆里看书。
The TV is off, Tom can't be watching his favorite show right now.
电视关着，汤姆现在不可能在看他最喜欢的节目。
He can't be a dentist. 他不可能是牙医。
二. 对过去情况的推测：
用情态动词+ have done ( 注意，这里的have done 跟现在完成时没有关系）
1.确信度高/对过去的肯定推测，表示“当时一定是”。
1). must have done 过去一定做了某事
The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨晚一定下雨了。
另外2种变体：
2). must have been +adj/n. ：过去一定是某种状态/是某人/某物
The cake must have been delicious, because they ate it all.
蛋糕（当时）一定很美味，因为他们都吃光了。
She must have been very happy when she heard the news.
当她听到这个消息时，她（当时）一定很高兴。
3) . must have been doing ： 过去一定在做某事
He must have been sleeping. 他当时一定在睡觉。
2. 确信度高/对过去的否定推测：当时一定不是
1). can't have done 过去一定没做过某事
It can't have rained last night, because the ground is dry. 昨晚一定没下雨，因为地是干的。
2). can't have been + adj./n ： 过去一定不是某种状态/不是某人/某物
He can't have been busy yesterday. 他昨天不可能很忙。
He can't have been a dentist. 他（当时）一定不是牙医。
3). can't have been doing 过去一定没在做某事
He can't have been reading. 他当时一定不是在看书。
3. 过去的可能性：“当时可能”
He was late. He may have been busy. 他迟到了。他可能一直很忙。
I went out last night, and she may have been reading. 我昨天晚上出去了，她可能一直在看书。
They may have been in the garden at that time. 他们可能那时一直在花园里。

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