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新概念英语第二册重要笔记：Lesson 1
一. 单词讲解
1. private [ pra v t] adj. 私人的（私密的，私立的）
a private conversation 私人谈话
a private school 私立学校
同义词：personal [ p s nl] adj. 私人的；个人的
反义词：public [ p bl k] adj. 公共的，公开的
词性转换：privacy [ pra v si] n. 隐私
This is my private room, please don't enter without my permission. 这是我的私人房间，没有我的允许请不要进入。
2.conversation [ k nv se n] n. 谈话
have a conversation 进行谈话
We had a pleasant conversation about the weather. 我们愉快地谈论了天气。
3.theatre ['θ t (r)] n. 戏院；剧场
She enjoys going to the theatre. 她喜欢去剧院。
4. seat [si t] n. 座位
She offered me her seat on the bus. 她在公交车上把座位让给了我。
5. play [ple ] n. 戏
We watched a play at the theater last night. 我们昨晚在剧院看了一部戏。
6.loudly [ la dli] adv.大声地
词性转换：loud adj.大声的
He spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him. 他大声说话以便每个人都能听到。
7. angry [' ɡri] adj. 生气的
get /be angry with sb. 对某人生气
It's easy to get angry when you're tired. 当你累了的时候很容易生气。
8.angrily [' gr li] adv. 生气地
The boss spoke angrily to the worker who made a mistake. 老板生气地对犯了错误的工人说话。
9. attention [ 'ten n] n. 注意
pay attention to 注意
You need to pay more attention to your spelling. 你需要更加注意你的拼写。
May I have your attention, please 请大家注意了。
Attention, please! I have something important to tell you.
10. bear [be ] v. 容忍
过去式：bore [b ] 过去分词：borne [b n]
It's hard to bear the noise from the construction site every day. 每天建筑工地的噪音真让人难以忍受。
11.business ['b zn s] n. 事
词性转化：businessman/woman (n.) 商人
He is on a business trip to Shanghai. 他去上海出差了。
12. rudely ['ru dli] adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地
词性转化：rude (adj.) 粗鲁的
The teacher asked the students to behave more politely and not rudely. 老师要求学生们行为更有礼貌，不要粗鲁。
二. 课文讲解
1. Last week I went to the theatre. 上星期我去看戏。
go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play 去剧场看戏
类似的还有go to the cinema = go to the cinema to see a film（去电影院看电影）。这种表达方式简明扼要。
请注意在以下的短语中名词前通常不加冠词：
go to school 上学
go to bed 上床睡觉
go to church 上教堂，去做礼拜
2. I had a very good seat. 我的座位很好。
the front seat of a car汽车的前座
Take a seat, please. 请坐。
3. I got very angry. 我变得非常生气。
get 在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近 become，是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。而 I was very angry 则仅表示当时的状态是生气，并不暗示过程。
4. I turned round. 我转过身去。
turn round = turn around 转身
travel round the world = travel around the world 环游世界
5. They did not pay any attention. 他们毫不理会。
= They paid no attention.
Pay attention to listening to the teacher in class. 上课时注意听老师讲。
Pay attention to keeping your desk tidy. 注意保持你的桌面整洁。
6. In the end, I could not bear it. 最后，我忍不住了。
in the end 最后，终于 = at last = finally
She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother for help. 她试图自已完成家庭作业，但最后她不得不请她兄弟帮忙。
7. none of your business 不关你的事
(1) sb. 's business 某人(所关心的或份内)的事
It is my business to look after your health. 我必须照顾你的身体健康。
This is none of his business. 这根本不关他的事。
(2)表示否定的代词none意义上相当于not any或no one，但语气较强：
She kept none of his letters. 他的信件她一封也没有保留。
None of these pens works/work. 这些钢笔没有一支能用。
We have three sons but none of them lives/live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不住附近。
三. 语法讲解
A. 句子成分
1.主语：动作的发出者
John eats an apple.（约翰吃苹果。）“John”是主语。
2. 谓语：主语发出的动作
谓语说明了主语在做什么或是什么状态。它通常由动词构成。John eats an apple.（约翰吃苹果。）“eats”是谓语。
3. 宾语：动作的承受者
John eats an apple.（约翰吃苹果。）“an apple”是宾语。
4. 表语
表语通常跟在系动词（如be, become等）后面，说明主语的状态，特征或身份等。
She is beautiful.（她是漂亮的。）“beautiful”是表语。
I feel happy. (我感到快乐。） “happy" 是表语。
5. 定语
定语：起修饰限定作用的词，定语修饰名词或代词，相当于中文中的“的”
The red car is mine.（那辆红色的车是我的。）“red”是定语。
6. 状语
状语描述了动作发生的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式等。
I study hard.（我努力学习。）“hard”是状语。
She sings beautifully in the park.（她在公园里唱得很美。）“in the park”也是状语。
7. 补足语
补足语用于补充说明主语或宾语的状态或特征，使句子意思更完整。
We made him our leader.（我们选他做我们的领袖。）“our leader”是宾语补足语，补充说明了“him”的身份。
He painted the wall blue. （他把墙涂成了蓝色。）“blue”在句中的成分是宾语补足语
8. 同位语
同位语对名词或代词进行进一步的解释或说明，两者在句子中作同一成分。
My sister, Mary, is a teacher.（我的妹妹玛丽是一位老师。）“Mary”是同位语，解释了“my sister”的具体身份。
9. 插入语
插入语是句子中的独立成分，用来表达说话者的态度或提供额外信息，不影响句子的主要意思。
Frankly speaking, I don't like the movie.（坦白说，我不喜欢这部电影。）“Frankly speaking”是插入语。
B. 简单句的五种基本句型
1. 主语+谓语
He runs.
I dance.
2. 主语+谓语+宾语
I love chocolate.
She reads books.
3. 主语+系动词+表语
He is a doctor.
It tastes good.
The flowers are beautiful.
4. 主语+谓语+双宾语
My father bought me a bike.
She showed us her photos.
You asked me a question.
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
He found the movie exciting.
She painted the wall white.
C.简单陈述句的语序
1. 英语句子组织的5个步骤：
谁—干了什么—如何干的—在哪干的—何时干的 （方-地-时）
他每天开心的在家等她。
He--waits for her—happily—at home—every day.
我昨天忙碌地在商场买了很多鞋。
I—bought many shoes—busily—in the mall—yesterday.
我突然在教室里发现一个不认识的人。（没有"何时干的"省略掉）
I—find a stranger—suddenly—in the classroom.
他上周匆忙地离开了。(没有"在哪儿干" 的省略掉)
He—left—hurriedly—last week.
2. 时间状语可以在句尾，也可以在句首：
Last night Lucy went to the theatre. 昨晚露西去剧院看戏了。
I heard a voice at the door just now. 我刚才听到门口有声音。

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