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新概念英语1：Lesson 117-118 学习笔记
Lesson 117 -118 单词讲解
1. dining room ['da n ru m] 饭厅
dining hall =dining room
This is the biggest dining room I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最大的饭厅。
2. coin[k n] 硬币
纸币：note
He dropped some coins on the floor. 他把一些硬币掉到了地板上。
Can you change this ten-pound note 您能把这10英镑的钞票换开吗？（L113）
3. mouth [ma θ] 嘴
Open your mouth and say "Ah.". 张开嘴说 “啊”。
a big mouth 大嘴巴（用于批评某人说了不该说的话）
4. swallow ['sw l ] v. 吞下
Have you swallowed your pill 你吞下你的药丸了吗？
swallown. 燕子
5. later ['le t (r)] 后来
see you later. 回头见。
She had her baby weaned a year later.
她在一年后才把孩子的奶断掉。(摘自)
I'll speak with her later. 我要稍后跟她谈。
6. toilet ['t l t] 厕所，盥洗室
He has been in the toilet for an hour .他已经待在厕所里一个小时了。
He has been to the toilet three times this morning .
他今天上午已经去过厕所三次了。
bathroomn. 浴室；<美>洗手间
在英语中，"bathroom" 和 "restroom" 都可以用来指代厕所，但具体使用哪个词取决于语境和地区习惯。
7. ring [r ] (rang-rang) v. (钟、铃）鸣响
The telephone is ringing. Would you please answer it 电话在响，请你接听一下好吗？
Lesson 117 课文讲解
1．We looked for them, but we could not find them all.
1). look for，寻找（强调动作过程）；find，找到（强调寻找的结果）。
I looked for the dog everywhere, and found it in the garden at last. 我到处找那只豿，最后在花园里找到了它。
2).them all
all 用来强调每一个硬币。从语法上讲，all 是 them 的同位语，也可以说成 all of them 。
Eat them all! Don't have anything left. 吃掉它们！不要剩下任何东西。
2. While we were having breakfast, our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor. 当我们吃早饭时，我们的儿子汤米在地上找到了两枚小硬币。
Tommy 是 boy 的同位语。
同位语：一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。
Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.
他本人对我讲，他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。
3. He put them both into his mouth. 他把这两枚硬币全都放进了嘴里。
We both tried to get the coins. 我们俩都试图把这两枚硬币弄出来。
put them both... both 是 them的同位语。
we both...both 是 we 的同位语。
“both”这个词在英语中有多种词性和用法。
1). 形容词
Both children are very smart. 两个孩子都很聪明。
Both books are interesting. 两本书都很有趣。
2). 代词
Both of us enjoyed the movie. 我们两个都很喜欢这部电影。
Both are suitable for this job. 他们两个都适合这份工作。
3). 副词（动前，情be 后）
They both like English . 他们两个都喜欢英语。
We are both students. 我们两个都是学生。
They can both speak English and French. 他们两个都会说英语和法语。
4). 与“and”一起连用构成并列结构
both...and... 不仅......而且；... 和... 都
Both his mother and his father will be there.他父母二人都要去那里。
The movie was both exciting and funny. 这部电影既令人兴奋又好笑。
Both John and Mary are going to the concert. 约翰和玛丽都要去听音乐会。
不需要记那么复杂的东西，把以下几个句子背下即可。
Both women are French. =Both the women are French. =Both of the women are French. =The two women are both French. （两名妇女都是法国人。）
Both of us are tired.=We are both tired. =Both you and I are tired. 我们俩都累了。
4．Tommy had already swallowed them! 汤米已经把硬币咽了下去！
句中用了过去完成时形式had swallowed。过去完成时用来表示过去两个动作中发生在前的那个动作。显然，句中咽下硬币的动作发生在夫妇俩能够把硬币从汤米手中抢过来之前。
5．later that morning,那天上午的晚些时候。
later是副词late的比较级。
see you later再见 回头见
6. Tommy's been to the toilet three times this morning. 今天上午汤米去了3次厕所了。
have been to 到过；去过
As a matter of fact, I've never been there before. 事实上我从未到过那儿。
have gone to 去了(某地)
7．I haven't had any change yet!
change是个多义词，既有“零钱”的意思，也有“变化”的意思。此处既可指“硬币”；也可指“情况的变化”。这是双关（pun）修辞法。
I wish to change some pocket money. 我希望换些零钱。
Lesson 117 语法讲解
一. 过去进行时的用法
1. 含义：表示过去在某一时刻或某一时段正在发生或进行的动作。
2. 结构： be 的过去式（was/were）+ 现在分词
They were playing football in the park at 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午4点，他们正在公园里踢足球。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
3. 如何变否定句和一般疑问句
否定句：was/were + not
一般疑问句：was/were 提前
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
否定句为：We weren’t watching TV from seven to nine last night.
一般疑问句为：Were you watching TV from seven to nine last night
4. 时间状语从句
1). 概念：句子作时间状语
He was doing his homework at 7:00 . (介词短语作时间状语)
I was eating when you called me. (when 从句作时间状语)
2). 引导词 when/while/as/before/after…
A. 持续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个动作用一般过去时。
It was raining hard when I left school. 当我离开学校时，天在下大雨。
The lights went out when they were watching TV. 他们正在看电视时，灯熄灭了。
B. 当两个延续性动作同时进行时，两者都可以使用过去进行时。
I was reading the newspaper while I was waiting for the bus. 我一边看报纸，一边等公交车。
C. 过去进行时常和always等表示频率的副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。
She was always changing her mind. 她总是改变主意。
二. when, while ,as 引导时间状语从句时的用法
1. when
when 万能引导词
1). 当...时（其后可接一般时态，也可以接进行时态。）
When I heard the news, I was very sad. 当我听到这个消息时，我非常难过。
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast. 当我正在吃早饭时，有人敲门。
2).when 可表“突然”
be doing sth. when 意为“正在做某事的时候，突然”
He was reading a book when his friend came to visit him.
他正在看书时，他的朋友突然来访了。
They were playing football when it started raining.
他们正在踢足球时，突然开始下雨了。
3). 当主句是将来时态时，时间状语从句可以用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）
We will have a meeting when the boss comes back.
当老板回来时，我们将开会。
2. while 其后常接进行时态，强调持续的过程
While I was cooking dinner, the phone rang. 当我在做晚饭时，电话响了。
He was watching TV while she was cleaning the house.
她在打扫房子的时候，他在看电视。
3. as“一边一边 “, “伴随，随着”
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
Just as I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.
正当我打开前门的时候，电话响了。
As time went on, I found it hard to work with him. 随着时间的推移，我发现很难和他一起工作。
注意：某些情况下，可以互换

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