资源简介

1. learn sth by heart 背诵 ; 记住2. combine ... with ... 使......与......结合
3. in that circumstances 如果是那样的话 4. replace ... with ... 用......取代......
5. keep a record of 把……记录下来；保留……的记载
6. comment on ... 对 ...... 发表评论
7. at least 至少 8. expect of/from... 对……有期望 9. in return 作为回报
10. the survey on ... 关于...... 的调查 11. differ in... 在……方面存在不同
12. emerge from... 自……出现；从……显露出来13. be satisfied with... 对……感到满意
14. play ... roles 扮演 ...... 的角色 15. lean over... 倾身（弯下身子）
16. turn out 发生；结果是
17. in silence 沉默地18. burst into laughter 突然大笑 19. concentrate on ... 集中精力于； 全神贯注于20. be replaced by 被......取代 21. for the purpose of... 为了......
22. distinguish ... from ... 区分......与...... municate with... 与......交流
24. one another 彼此，相互25. by means of... 用......的方法
26. at the approach of... 在......将到的时候 27. differ from... 与......不同
28. for instance 举例来说 29. divide ... into ... 把......划分成......
30. enable sb. to do ... 使某人能够做某事 31. wave goodbye 挥别
32. in sympathy with 同情，赞成 33. look over 察看，检查，从...上面看
34. a lack of... 缺少......
35. check with... 与......协商 36. tend to do... 趋向于做...，喜欢做......
37. call after 追喊，以......命名 38. call for 要求， 提倡
39. fight against 与......作战（敌人之间） 40. fight with 与......作战（战友之间）
41. agreement on ... 关于...... 达成的协议 42. add up 合计
43. add to 添加到 44. take ... for example 以......为例 45. in price 在价格上
46. in the long run 从长远来看，最后 47. on offer 在出售中
48. choose from... 从......中挑选
49. be curious about... 对......感到好奇 50. confront with... 使面临，使面对
51. with interest 有兴趣地 52. an average of ... 平均是......
53. at high altitudes 在很高的地方　54. draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
55. focus on 集中于，专注于 56. in years to come 在未来的几年内
57. as a matter of fact 实际上
58. adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法 59. wait for 等待
60. pass through 经过, 通过 61. a sequence of 一系列的
62. take ... for granted 认为......理所当然 63. be aware of/that 注意到
64. translate into 翻译成 65. intend to do 想要做
66. looking forward to 期望 67. be built from... 用......建造
68. a wide variety of 多种多样的 69. at advanced levels 在高级范围内
70. carry out 完成，实施 71. according to 根据
72. aim to do 指望做某事 73. make sacrifices to do 做出牺牲去做某事
74. in depth 深入地 75. a series of 一系列,一连串
76. above all 首先，最重要的是 77. after all 毕竟，究竟
78. ahead of 在......之前 79. ahead of time 提前
80. all at once 突然，同时 81. all but 几乎；除了......都
82. all of a sudden 突然 83. all over 遍及
84. all over again 再一次，重新 85. all the time 一直，始终
86. all the same 仍然，照样的 87. as regards 关于，至于
88. anything but 根本不，决不 89. as a matter of fact 实际上
90. apart from 除......外(还有) 91. as a rule 通常，照例
92. as a result(of) 因此，由于 93. as far as ...be concerned 就......而言
94. as far as 远至，到......程度 95. as for 至于，关于 96. as follows 如下
97. as if 好像，仿怫 98. as good as 和......几乎一样
99. as usual 像平常一样，照例
100. as to 至于，关于 101. all right 令人满意的；可以
102. as well 同样，也，还
103. as well as 除......外(也)；即......又104. aside from 除......外(还有)
105. at a loss 茫然，不知所措 106. at a time 一次，每次
107. at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不 108. at all costs 不惜一切代价
109. at all events 不管怎样，无论如何 110. at all times 随时，总是
111. at any rate 无论如何，至少 112. at best 充其量，至多
113. at first 最初，起先 114. at first sight 乍一看，初看起来
115. at hand 在手边；即将到来116. at heart 内心里，本质上
117. at home 在家，在国内 118. at intervals 不时，每隔......
119. at large 大多数；未被捕获的 120. at least 至少
121. at last 终于 122. at length 最后，终于；详细地123. at most 至多
124. at no time 从不，决不 125. by accident 偶然
126. at one time 曾经，一度；同时 127. at present 目前，现在
128. at one's disposal 任......处理 129. at the cost of 以......为代价
130. at the mercy of 任凭......摆布 131. at the moment 此刻，目前
132. at this rate 照此速度 133. at times 有时，间或
134. back and forth 来回地，反复地 135. back of 在......后面
136. before long 不久以后 137. beside point 离题的，不相干的
138. beyond question 毫无疑问 139. by air 通过航空途径
140. by all means 尽一切办法，务必 141. by and by 不久，迟早
142. by chance 偶然，碰巧 143. by far 到目前为止；远，非常
144. by hand 用手 145. by itself 单独地；自动地146. by means of 用，依靠
147. by mistake 错误地 148. by no means 决不149. by oneself 独自地，单独
150. by reason of 由于；因为 151. by the way 顺便说说，顺便问一下；在途中
152. by virtue of 由于，凭借 153. by way of 经由；当作
154. due to 由于；应归于 156. each other 彼此，互相
157. even if/though 即使；虽然 158. ever so 极其，非常
159. every now and then 不时地；常常160. every other 所有其他的；每隔一个的
161. except for除了……以外；要不是由于162. face to face 面对面地
163. far from 远离；远非；完全不164. for ever 永远；总是
165. for good 永久地；一劳永逸地166. for the better 好转，向好的方向发展
167. for the moment 暂时，暂且；目前168. for the present 暂时，目前
169. for the sake of 为了；为了……的利益170. for the time being 暂时
171. from time to time 有时，不时地 172. hand in hand 手拉手 ，密切关联
173. head on 迎面地，正面的 174. heart and soul 全心全意地
175. how about ... ......怎么样 176. in a hurry 匆忙，急于
177. in case of 假如，防备 178. in a moment 立刻，一会儿
179. in a sense 从某种意义上说 180. in a way 在某种程度上
181. in a word 简言之，总之 182. in accordance with 与......一致,按照
183. in addition 另外，加之 184. in addition to 除......之外(还)
185. in advance 预先，事先 186. in all 总共，合计
187. in any case 无论如何 188. in any event 无论如何
189. in brief 简单地说 190. in charge of 负责，总管
191. in common 共用的，共有的 192. in consequence(of) 因此；由于
193. in debt 欠债，欠情 194. in detail 详细地
195. in difficulty 处境困难 196. in effect 实际上，事实上
197. in general 一般来说，大体上 198. in favor of 支持，赞成
199. in front of 面对，在......前 200. in half 成两半 201. in hand 在进行中，待办理
202. in honor of 为庆祝，为纪念 203. in itself 本质上，就其本身而言
204. in line with 与......一致 205. in memory of 纪念
206. in no case 决不 207. in no time 立即，马上
208. in no way 决不 209. in order 按顺序，按次序
210. in other words 换句话说 211. in part 部分地
212. in particular 特别，尤其 213. in person 亲自，本人
214. in place 在合适的位置 215. in place of 代替，取代，交换
216. in practice 在实践中，实际上 217. in proportion to 与......成比例
218. in public 公开地，当众 219. in quantity 大量
220. in question 正在谈论的 221. in regard to 关于，至于
222. in relation to 关于，涉及 223. in return 作为报答/回报/交换
224. in return for 作为对......的报答 225. in short 简言之，总之
226. in sight 被见到；在望 227. in spite of 尽管
228. in step 齐步，合拍 229. in step with 与......一致/协调 230. in tears 流着泪
231. in the course of 在......期间/过程中 232. in the distance 在远处
233. in the end 最后，终于 234. in the event of 如果......发生，万一
235. in the face of 即使；在......面前 236. in the first place 首先
237. in the future 在未来 238. in the least 丝毫，一点
239. in (the)light of 鉴于，由于 240. in the way 妨碍；挡道
241. in the world 究竟，到底 242. in time 及时
243. in touch 联系，接触 244. in turn 依次，轮流；转而
245. in vain 徒劳，白费力 246. instead of 代替，而不是
247. just now 眼下；刚才 248. little by little 逐渐地
249. lots of 许多 250. many a 许多
251. more or less 或多或少，有点 252. next door 隔壁的，在隔壁
253. no doubt 无疑地 254. no less than 不少于......；不亚于......
255. no longer 不再 256. no more 不再
257. no more than 至多，不超过 258. none other than 不是别的而正是……
259. on one's guard 警惕 260. nothing but 只有；只不过
261. now and then 时而；偶尔 262. off and on 断断续续地，时不时地263. off duty 下班
264. on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 265. on account of 由于；因为；为了……的缘故
266. on(an/the) average 平均,通常 267. on behalf of 代表
268. on board 在船(车/飞机)上 269. on business 为了公事，出差
270. on condition that 如果 271. on duty 上班，值班
272. on earth 究竟，到底 273. on fire 起火，着火
274. on foot 步行 275. on guard 站岗，值班
276. on hand 在场，在手边 277. on occasion(s) 有时，间或
278. on one's own 独立，独自 279. on purpose 故意地
280. on sale 出售，廉价出售 281. on schedule 按时间表，准时
282. on second thoughts 经重新考虑 283. on the contrary 正相反
284. on the grounds of 根据，以...为由 285. on (the) one hand 一方面
286. on the other hand 另一方面 287. on the point of 即将......的时刻
288. on the road 在旅途中 289. on the side 作为兼职/副业
290. on the spot 在场；马上 291. on the whole 总的来说，大体上
292. on time 准时 293. once again 再一次
294. once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 295. once in a while 偶尔
296. once more 再一次 297. once upon a time 从前
298. one another 相互 299. or else 否则，要不然
300. or so 大约，左右 301. other than 除了……以外，除外
302. out of 从...中；由于；缺乏 303. out of breath 喘不过气来
304. out of control 失去控制 305. out of date 过时的
306. out of doors 在户外 307. out of order 出故障的
308. out of place 不合适的，不在适当的位置 309. out of practice 久不练习，荒疏
310. out of sight 看不见，在视野外 311. out of the question 毫无可能的
312. out of touch 不联系，不接触 313. over and over(again) 一再地，再三地
314. prior at 在......之前 315. quite a few 相当多，不少
316. rather than 不是...(而是) 317. regardless of 不顾，不惜
318. right away 立即，马上 319. speak about 谈及
320. set in 开始 321. set apart from 把......区分开
322. side by side 肩并肩，一起 323. so far 迄今为止
324. sooner or later 迟早，早晚 325. step by step 逐步地
326. such as 例如，诸如 327. thanks to 由于，多亏
328. that is (to say) 就是说，即 329. to the point 切中要害，切题
330. under control 处于控制之下 331. under the circumstances 这种情况下
332. up to date 在进行中 333. up to 一直到；相当于；忙于……，在做……；由……决定的
334. what if 假使......将会怎样 335. what about ......怎么样
336. with respect to 如果......将怎样 337. with regard to 关于，至于
338. without question 毫无疑问 339. with the exception of 除......之外
340. word for word 逐字地1. learn sth by heart 背诵 ; 记住
2. combine ... with ... 使......与......结合
3. in that circumstances 如果是那样的话
4. replace ... with ... 用......取代......
5. keep a record of 把……记录下来；保留……的记载6. comment on ... 对 ...... 发表评论
7. at least 至少
8. expect of/from... 对……有期望9. in return 作为回报
10. the survey on ... 关于...... 的调查

11. differ in... 在……方面存在不同12. emerge from... 自……出现；从……显露出来13. be satisfied with... 对……感到满意14. play ... roles 扮演 ...... 的角色
15. lean over... 倾身（弯下身子）16. turn out 发生；结果是17. in silence 沉默地18. burst into laughter 突然大笑19. concentrate on ... 集中精力于； 全神贯注于20. be replaced by 被......取代
21. for the purpose of... 为了......
22. distinguish ... from ... 区分......与......
municate with... 与......交流
24. one another 彼此，相互
25. by means of... 用......的方法
26. at the approach of... 在......将到的时候
27. differ from... 与......不同
28. for instance 举例来说
29. divide ... into ... 把......划分成......
30. enable sb. to do ... 使某人能够做某事
31. wave goodbye 挥别
32. in sympathy with 同情，赞成
33. look over 察看，检查，从...上面看
34. a lack of... 缺少......
35. check with... 与......协商
36. tend to do... 趋向于做...，喜欢做......
37. call after 追喊，以......命名
38. call for 要求， 提倡
39. fight against 与......作战（敌人之间）
40. fight with 与......作战（战友之间）
41. agreement on ... 关于...... 达成的协议
42. add up 合计
43. add to 添加到
44. take ... for example 以......为例
45. in price 在价格上
46. in the long run 从长远来看，最后
47. on offer 在出售中
48. choose from... 从......中挑选
49. be curious about... 对......感到好奇
50. confront with... 使面临，使面对
51. with interest 有兴趣地
52. an average of ... 平均是......
53. at high altitudes 在很高的地方　54. draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
55. focus on 集中于，专注于
56. in years to come 在未来的几年内
57. as a matter of fact 实际上58. adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法
59. wait for 等待
60. pass through 经过, 通过
61. a sequence of 一系列的
62. take ... for granted 认为......理所当然
63. be aware of/that 注意到
64. translate into 翻译成
65. intend to do 想要做
66. looking forward to 期望
67. be built from... 用......建造
68. a wide variety of 多种多样的
69. at advanced levels 在高级范围内
70. carry out 完成，实施
71. according to 根据
72. aim to do 指望做某事
73. make sacrifices to do 做出牺牲去做某事
74. in depth 深入地
75. a series of 一系列,一连串
76. above all 首先，最重要的是
77. after all 毕竟，究竟
78. ahead of 在......之前
79. ahead of time 提前
80. all at once 突然，同时
81. all but 几乎；除了......都
82. all of a sudden 突然
83. all over 遍及
84. all over again 再一次，重新
85. all the time 一直，始终
86. all the same 仍然，照样的
87. as regards 关于，至于
88. anything but 根本不，决不
89. as a matter of fact 实际上
90. apart from 除......外(还有)

91. as a rule 通常，照例
92. as a result(of) 因此，由于
93. as far as ...be concerned 就......而言
94. as far as 远至，到......程度
95. as for 至于，关于
96. as follows 如下
97. as if 好像，仿怫
98. as good as 和......几乎一样
99. as usual 像平常一样，照例
100. as to 至于，关于
101. all right 令人满意的；可以
102. as well 同样，也，还
103. as well as 除......外(也)；即......又104. aside from 除......外(还有)
105. at a loss 茫然，不知所措
106. at a time 一次，每次
107. at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不
108. at all costs 不惜一切代价
109. at all events 不管怎样，无论如何
110. at all times 随时，总是
111. at any rate 无论如何，至少
112. at best 充其量，至多
113. at first 最初，起先
114. at first sight 乍一看，初看起来
115. at hand 在手边；即将到来116. at heart 内心里，本质上
117. at home 在家，在国内
118. at intervals 不时，每隔......
119. at large 大多数；未被捕获的
120. at least 至少
121. at last 终于
122. at length 最后，终于；详细地123. at most 至多
124. at no time 从不，决不
125. by accident 偶然
126. at one time 曾经，一度；同时
127. at present 目前，现在
128. at one's disposal 任......处理
129. at the cost of 以......为代价
130. at the mercy of 任凭......摆布
131. at the moment 此刻，目前
132. at this rate 照此速度
133. at times 有时，间或
134. back and forth 来回地，反复地
135. back of 在......后面
136. before long 不久以后
137. beside point 离题的，不相干的
138. beyond question 毫无疑问
139. by air 通过航空途径
140. by all means 尽一切办法，务必
141. by and by 不久，迟早
142. by chance 偶然，碰巧
143. by far 到目前为止；远，非常
144. by hand 用手
145. by itself 单独地；自动地146. by means of 用，依靠
147. by mistake 错误地
148. by no means 决不149. by oneself 独自地，单独150. by reason of 由于；因为
151. by the way 顺便说说，顺便问一下；在途中152. by virtue of 由于，凭借153. by way of 经由；当作154. due to 由于；应归于156. each other 彼此，互相157. even if/though 即使；虽然158. ever so 极其，非常159. every now and then 不时地；常常160. every other 所有其他的；每隔一个的
161. except for除了……以外；要不是由于162. face to face 面对面地
163. far from 远离；远非；完全不164. for ever 永远；总是165. for good 永久地；一劳永逸地166. for the better 好转，向好的方向发展167. for the moment 暂时，暂且；目前168. for the present 暂时，目前169. for the sake of 为了；为了……的利益170. for the time being 暂时
171. from time to time 有时，不时地
172. hand in hand 手拉手 ，密切关联
173. head on 迎面地，正面的
174. heart and soul 全心全意地
175. how about ... ......怎么样
176. in a hurry 匆忙，急于
177. in case of 假如，防备
178. in a moment 立刻，一会儿
179. in a sense 从某种意义上说
180. in a way 在某种程度上
181. in a word 简言之，总之
182. in accordance with 与......一致,按照
183. in addition 另外，加之
184. in addition to 除......之外(还)
185. in advance 预先，事先
186. in all 总共，合计
187. in any case 无论如何
188. in any event 无论如何
189. in brief 简单地说
190. in charge of 负责，总管
191. in common 共用的，共有的
192. in consequence(of) 因此；由于
193. in debt 欠债，欠情
194. in detail 详细地
195. in difficulty 处境困难
196. in effect 实际上，事实上
197. in general 一般来说，大体上
198. in favor of 支持，赞成
199. in front of 面对，在......前
200. in half 成两半
201. in hand 在进行中，待办理
202. in honor of 为庆祝，为纪念
203. in itself 本质上，就其本身而言
204. in line with 与......一致
205. in memory of 纪念
206. in no case 决不
207. in no time 立即，马上
208. in no way 决不
209. in order 按顺序，按次序
210. in other words 换句话说
211. in part 部分地
212. in particular 特别，尤其
213. in person 亲自，本人
214. in place 在合适的位置
215. in place of 代替，取代，交换
216. in practice 在实践中，实际上
217. in proportion to 与......成比例
218. in public 公开地，当众
219. in quantity 大量
220. in question 正在谈论的
221. in regard to 关于，至于
222. in relation to 关于，涉及
223. in return 作为报答/回报/交换
224. in return for 作为对......的报答
225. in short 简言之，总之
226. in sight 被见到；在望
227. in spite of 尽管
228. in step 齐步，合拍
229. in step with 与......一致/协调
230. in tears 流着泪
231. in the course of 在......期间/过程中
232. in the distance 在远处
233. in the end 最后，终于
234. in the event of 如果......发生，万一
235. in the face of 即使；在......面前
236. in the first place 首先
237. in the future 在未来
238. in the least 丝毫，一点
239. in (the)light of 鉴于，由于
240. in the way 妨碍；挡道
241. in the world 究竟，到底
242. in time 及时
243. in touch 联系，接触
244. in turn 依次，轮流；转而
245. in vain 徒劳，白费力
246. instead of 代替，而不是
247. just now 眼下；刚才
248. little by little 逐渐地
249. lots of 许多
250. many a 许多
251. more or less 或多或少，有点
252. next door 隔壁的，在隔壁
253. no doubt 无疑地
254. no less than 不少于......；不亚于......
255. no longer 不再
256. no more 不再
257. no more than 至多，不超过
258. none other than 不是别的而正是……259. on one's guard 警惕
260. nothing but 只有；只不过
261. now and then 时而；偶尔
262. off and on 断断续续地，时不时地263. off duty 下班
264. on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
265. on account of 由于；因为；为了……的缘故266. on(an/the) average 平均,通常
267. on behalf of 代表
268. on board 在船(车/飞机)上
269. on business 为了公事，出差
270. on condition that 如果
271. on duty 上班，值班
272. on earth 究竟，到底
273. on fire 起火，着火
274. on foot 步行
275. on guard 站岗，值班
276. on hand 在场，在手边
277. on occasion(s) 有时，间或
278. on one's own 独立，独自
279. on purpose 故意地
280. on sale 出售，廉价出售
281. on schedule 按时间表，准时
282. on second thoughts 经重新考虑
283. on the contrary 正相反
284. on the grounds of 根据，以...为由
285. on (the) one hand 一方面
286. on the other hand 另一方面
287. on the point of 即将......的时刻
288. on the road 在旅途中
289. on the side 作为兼职/副业
290. on the spot 在场；马上
291. on the whole 总的来说，大体上
292. on time 准时
293. once again 再一次
294. once(and)for all 一劳永逸地
295. once in a while 偶尔
296. once more 再一次
297. once upon a time 从前
298. one another 相互
299. or else 否则，要不然
300. or so 大约，左右
301. other than 除了……以外，除外302. out of 从...中；由于；缺乏
303. out of breath 喘不过气来
304. out of control 失去控制
305. out of date 过时的
306. out of doors 在户外
307. out of order 出故障的
308. out of place 不合适的，不在适当的位置
309. out of practice 久不练习，荒疏
310. out of sight 看不见，在视野外
311. out of the question 毫无可能的
312. out of touch 不联系，不接触
313. over and over(again) 一再地，再三地
314. prior at 在......之前
315. quite a few 相当多，不少
316. rather than 不是...(而是)
317. regardless of 不顾，不惜
318. right away 立即，马上
319. speak about 谈及
320. set in 开始
321. set apart from 把......区分开
322. side by side 肩并肩，一起
323. so far 迄今为止
324. sooner or later 迟早，早晚
325. step by step 逐步地
326. such as 例如，诸如
327. thanks to 由于，多亏
328. that is (to say) 就是说，即
329. to the point 切中要害，切题
330. under control 处于控制之下
331. under the circumstances 这种情况下
332. up to date 在进行中
333. up to 一直到；相当于；忙于……，在做……；由……决定的
334. what if 假使......将会怎样
335. what about ......怎么样
336. with respect to 如果......将怎样
337. with regard to 关于，至于
338. without question 毫无疑问
339. with the exception of 除......之外
340. word for word 逐字地01
表示“感到……情绪与情感”
1. a flush of（表情绪的名词）= a wave of = a feeling/sense of 一阵……
2. joy / excitement / pride / anger / rage / panic / terror / sorrow / sadness / grief / embarrassment / dispointment / guilt / shame
仿写：
1) 当他看着自己孩子的时候, 一种强烈的自豪感涌上心头（十分自豪）。
A flush of pride swept over him as he watched his children./He felt a flush of pride as he watched his children.
2) 我感到高兴极了。
A wave of happiness flooded over me.
3) 他感到非常恐慌。
A flush of panic spread across his face/cheeks./A flush of fear flooded/swept over him.
02
表示“（因为紧张、害怕）心跳”
1. sb. could feel one’s heart pounding wildly in one’s chest.
(pounding/beating/racing)(wildly/loudly/hard)
感到心在胸中砰砰直跳
仿写：
1) 上台领奖时我感到心砰砰直跳。
I could feel my heart pounding as I went on stage to collect the prize.
2) 我的心开始咚咚跳，嘴里发干。
My heart started to beat, and my mouth was dry.
3) 他打开信，心在咚咚跳着。
He unfolded the letter, his heart racing
03
表示“流泪”
1. Tears blurred one’s eyes./One’s eyes got misty./One’s eyes misted/dimmed with tears. 泪眼模糊
2. ...be close to tears 几乎要哭了
3. tears (roll down one’s eyes/cheeks/face) 泪水落下
仿写：
1) 当得知我被重点大学录取时，我妈差点儿就哭了。
My mother was close to tears when she heard I was admitted to a key university.
2) 他站在一个角落里，泪流满面。
He stood in a corner with tears rolling down his face.
04
表示“因……颤抖”
tremble/shiver/shake (with fear, panic excitement, rage...)
仿写：
1) 她双唇颤抖着，泪珠顺着面颊滚落下来。
Her lips shivered and big tears rolled down her cheeks.
2) 他握紧拳头，气得发抖。
He clenched his fists, trembling with rage.
3) 他躺在那里很长时间，害怕得发抖。
He lay there for a long time, shivering with fear.
05
表示“好像……”
1. It was like doing sth. 好像……
2. It seemed as if/ that... 好像……
仿写：
1) 我似乎觉得所有的希望都破灭了。
It seemed to me that all hope faded/died.
2) 我们聊呀聊呀，就像遇到了久别的朋友一样。
We talked and talked, and it was like meeting a long-lost friend.
3) 好像进入了另一个世界。
It was like entering another world.
4) 我丢了工作，感觉我的世界崩溃了。
I lost my job and it was like my world collapsed./I lost my job and it seemed as if the world was at an end.
06
表示“不知道做……”
1. sb. did sth., wondering what to do next.
2. sb. did sth., not knowing what to do next.
3. sb. did sth., unsure of what to do next.
4. sb. was at a loss what to do. 手足无措
5. sb. was in a dilemma about whether to do or not. 感到难以决定……
仿写：
1) 他吃惊地站在那里，不知道接下来做什么。
He stood there in shock, unsure what to do next.
2) 老师突然出现，他不知所措。
The teacher suddenly appeared, and he was at a loss what to do.
07
表示“某人想到/明白……；有了主意”
1. It suddenly occurred to sb. that从句=It hit sb. that从句=It struck sb. that从句=It dawned on sb. that从句
2. (idea, thought...) occurred/came to sb.=...came/flashed into one’s mind=...crowded in one’s mind
3. one’s mind began to race 头脑开始快速转动
仿写：
1)我突然意识到我并不需要这些东西来让自己快乐。
It suddenly dawned on me that I didn’t really need these things to be happy.
2) 突然他想到一个好主意。
Suddenly a brilliant idea flashed into his mind.
3) 他的头脑开始快速转动，试图想出办法。
His mind began to race, trying to think of a way out.
4) 我突然想到我没有锁门。
It struck me that I had left the door unlocked.
08
表示“直到……才意识到……”
1. 倒装句：Not until时间状语did sb. realize/notice that从句
2. 强调句：It was only时间状语that sb. realized that从句
仿写：
1) 直到那时他才意识到有什么不对劲。
Not until then did he realize that something was wrong.
It was only then that he realized that something was wrong.
2) 他这才恍然大悟，他哥哥想为他买圣诞礼物。
Not until then did he realize that his elder brother wanted to buy a present for him.
It was only then that he realized that his elder brother wanted to buy a present for him.
3) 直到那一刻，他才注意到包里什么也没留下。
Not until at that moment did he notice that there was nothing left in his bag.
4) 直到那时她才感觉到她的肚子在咕咕叫。
It was only then that she felt that her stomach was growling.
09
表示“迫不及待做……；毫不犹豫”
1. sb. could hardly wait to do sth.
2. without a second thought 不假思索；毫不犹豫地
3. without even thinking
4. without delay 立即；毫不迟延地
5. without hesitation 毫不犹豫
仿写：
1) 他迫不及待地要赶回家将一切告诉他的父母。
He could hardly wait to get back home and tell his parents everything.
2) 水冰冷冰冷，可那个年轻人想也没想就跳了进去。
The water was freezing cold, but without a second thought the young man jumped in.
3) 她迫不及待地想见Colin，把早上的一切都告诉她。
She couldn’t wait to see Colin and told everything about her morning.
4) 他毫不迟疑地迅速爬上树去摘树叶。
Without delay, he climbed up the tree quickly to reach for the leaf.
10
表示“一……，就……”
1. Upon (doing) sth., …
2. The moment/instant从句, …
3. Hardly had sb. done …, when…did…
仿写：
1) 听了这个滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。
Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst into laughter.
2) 我一看见他, 就知道他就是那个曾经帮我搬过箱子的警察。
The instant I saw him, I knew he was the policeman who had helped me carry the box.
3) 我刚走进房间就听见了巨大的声音。
Hardly had I entered the room when I heard loud noise.
4) 一听到“救命”的喊声，他冲出了房子。
Upon hearing shouts of “help”, he dashed out of the house.
11
表示“发出……（声音）”
1. There were loud shouts and cheers (from…) when… 从……传来喊叫与欢呼声。
2. let out a cry/scream (of horror/fear/terror/shock/surprise/
pain…)
3. let out a howl/growl/yell/sigh/yelp 发出……的声音
仿写：
1) 当他登上讲台时, 现场传来了雷鸣般的掌声。
There was a storm of applause when he went on the platform.
A stormy applause broke out in the hall when he went on the platform.
2) 她看见他时吓得大叫一声。
When she saw him, she let out a cry of horror.
12
表示“转折”
1. But bad luck for sb., … 但是某人真不走运
2. To one’s surprise (delight)/Strangely enough, it turned out that从句
3. …, but in vain
4. …, but without success
5. …, but no use
6. But on second thoughts, … 但是转而一想，……
7. But what happened next was pure magic. 接下来发生的非常奇妙
仿写：
1) 使我们高兴的是，结果所有的人都收到了礼物。
To our delight, it turned out that every one of us received a gift.
2) Jack真不走运，他绊了一脚，摔在地上。
But bad luck for Jack, he tripped and fell to the ground
3) 她朋友想劝她和他一起回家可只是白费唇舌。
Her friend tried to persuade her to go back home with him, but in vain.
13
表示“心里想”
1. An inner voice told sb. that从句 内心的声音告诉某人……
2. …thought/said to oneself
仿写：
1) 心里的声音告诉他，他所做的是错的。
An inner voice told him that what he had done was wrong.
2) 当他回家时，他心里想道，“这会是谁呢？”
“Who could it possibly be ” he thought to himself as he walked home.
14
表示“时间”
1. not long after that, …=shortly afterwards, …=before long, …=It didn’t take long before从句=It took some time before从句 不久, ……
2. for an instant/moment 一瞬间
仿写：
1) 不久以后，我们到达一条流动的小溪边。
Not long after this, we reached a running stream.
2) 一时间，他站在那里一动不动，几乎不相信发生的事。
For an instant, he stood still, hardly believing what had happened.
15
表示“跑；冲；奔”
1. dart/dash/rush/hurry
2. run like the wind 飞奔
仿写：
他突然放开我以惊人的速度冲出了门。
He suddenly let go of me and darted out of the door with surprising speed.
16
表示“鼓起勇气”
pluck up/take/gather/one’s courage (to do…)
仿写：
1) 我终于鼓起勇气登上了舞台。
Finally, I plucked enough courage to go on stage.
2) 我鼓起勇气，径直向那个人走去。
Gathering (up) my courage, I walked straight towards the man.
17
表示“希望”
1. hoping that从句 抱着一丝希望
2. see/feel a glimmer of hope 看到一丝希望
3. trying hard to do sth.
仿写：
1) 她环视了一下大厅，希望Richard会在那里等她。
She glanced about the hall, hoping that Richard would be waiting for her.
2) 我注视她，感到了一线希望。
I looked at her and felt a glimmer of hope.
3) 他转过身来，想忍住眼泪。He turned around, trying to fight back his tears.
18
表示“感到欣慰，放下心来”
1. …breathed a sigh of relief/…sighed with relief 松了一口气
2. (A wave of) relief flooded through/washed over sb.
3. to one’s relief, … 使人欣慰的/放心的是
仿写：
1) 飞机安全着陆，我顿时放下心来。
I breathed a sigh of relief as the plane landed safely.
A wave of relief flooded through me as the plane landed safely.
To my relief, the plane landed safely.
2) 没有人受伤，我们都松了一口气。
No one was injured, and we all breathed a sigh of relief.
19
表示“还记得某人的话；还在某人的脑海中”
1. One’s words (echoed/rang out) in one’s ears.
2. One’s words (voice/song) lingered/whispered in one’s mind/head.
3. One’s head was still full of …
仿写：
1) 老师鼓励的话还在她的耳边回响。
Her teacher’s encouraging words still echoed in her ears.
Her teacher’s encouraging voice still lingered in her head.
2) 我的脑子里仍然充满奇怪的想法与忧虑。
My head was still full of strange thoughts and worries.
Strange thoughts and worries crowded into my mind.
20
表示“经历与教训”
1. What a/an…lesson sb. taught me (sb. learned from sb.)! (valuable/useful/great/painful)
2. What a/an … experience sb. had! (enjoyable /pleasant /wonderful /unforgettable /memorable /interesting /valuable)
3. Down deep in one’s heart, … 在某人的内心深处，……
仿写：
1) 格林先生教给我们多么宝贵的一课啊！我们会永远记得他的恩情。
What a valuable lesson Mr. Green taught us! And we will always remember his kindness to us.
2) 在他的内心深处，他知道他会永远记住格林先生给他上的多么宝贵的一课。
Down deep in his heart, he knew he would remember what a valuable lesson Mr. Green taught him.
The valuable lesson Mr. Green taught him will be rooted in his memory forever.
21
对话模式
1. “....,” he said, doing … --say后接分词作状语
1) “I didn’t know what I was doing,” she said, laughing at the memory.
2) “I’ll get us some coffee,” she said, heading for the kitchen.
3) “That’s nice,” Alex said quietly, focusing on his plate.
4) “Very clever,” said the teacher, nodding his head as if pleased.
5) “Uncle, forgive me, I did that unintentionally,” he said, pointing to the broken glass.
6) “We don’t do any harm,” said the boy, evidently frightened by my words.
2. “...,” he said, as/when/before/as if… --say后接时间状语从句
1) “Watch out!” she shouted, as the car started to move.
2) “What a beauty!” said the nurse as she came to the door.
3. “....,” he said, and (then he) did… --say后接and，先后动作或构成并列句
1) “Good morning, children!” said the minister, and he kindly shook hands with both.
2) “Yes, I think so,” he said reluctantly（无奈地）, and left the study.
3) “Come here,” said the little man, and took her to one of the corners of the building.
4. “....,” he said, “…” --say后接要说的另一句话
1) “There was a letter from Prince Andrew today,” he said to Princess Mary, “haven’t you read it ”
2) “Well, well!” said the man, “are there really people in this room ”
3) “Since you love him so well,” said the king, “I will tell you something.”
4) “She is a very admirable and excellent young woman,” said she, “and you must go and call on her.”
5. …did…, did, and said, “…” --say前有并列关系的先后动作
He paused, looked straight into her eyes, and said in a quiet voice, “that’s true.”
6. “…,” said the man, who… --用定语从句补充说明说话的人
1) “I don’t know,” said Zeb, who was still confused.
2) “To your health!” said Mr. White, who also emptied his glass, and wiped his mouth with his handkerchief.
7. “…,” he said +方式副词(-ly)或短语, --作状语修饰say
1）“Of course,” Nancy replied with a smile.
2）“I’m sorry,” she said with a sigh.
3）“But they don’t understand our talk at all,” said the dancer with a puzzled smile.
4）“Natasha, you love me ” he said in a soft trustful whisper.
5）“Come to your Papa at once, please!” said she with a strange, excited look.
6）“If only I had known…” she said through her tears.一、V-ing和V-ed作状语
1. “Dad, sorry, it was such a mess.” Jeff murmured, lowering his head in shame
“对不起，爸爸，太乱了，”Jeff小声说道，惭愧地低着头。
2. “Surprise! Happy Mother’s Day, mummy!” they said, throwing their arms into the air.
“给你一个惊喜！妈妈。母亲节快乐！”他们说着，在空中挥舞着胳膊。
3. Our family’s Christmas decorations swung from its branches, shining in the morning light.
我们家的圣诞装饰品在松树枝上摆动着，在晨光中闪闪发光。
4. Sensing the desperate gleam in Hunter’s eyes, Whiston bent over to give him a tight embrace, comforting that they would be safe.
Whiston感觉到了Hunter眼中的绝望，弯下腰紧紧地拥抱他，安慰他们会安全的。5. Bubbling with overwhelming ecstasy, Hunter couldn’t help bouncing ups and downs.
Hunter欣喜若狂，情不自禁地蹦蹦跳跳。
6. Sobbing in relief, I was overwhelmed by waves of guilt and remorse.
我如释重负地抽泣着，心头涌上一波又一波的内疚和悔恨。
7. I murmured sorry, reflecting that I should have taken his warning seriously.
我低声道歉，反思自己应该认真对待他的警告。
8. Peeking through the mounting rain, I struggled to make out the vague figure over there.
雨越下越大，透过大雨我努力辨认那边模糊的人影。
9. Picturing the road cracked and the car was flooded away, I felt more frightened and sensed death was waiting for me.
看到道路开裂，车子被水淹没，我感到更加害怕，感觉死亡在等着我。
10. Yelling at the top of his lung, Joe tried to soothe me and convince me that it was the best way to escape the danger.
Joe拼命地叫，试图安抚我，让我相信这是逃离危险最好的办法。
11. “Jump out of the car and ran to me!” Joe yelled and got off the truck, waiting for my action.“从车里出来，跑到我身边！”Joe大叫着下了卡车，等待我的行动。
12. Following him, I arrived at home safe and sound finally.
跟着他，我最终安全无恙地回家了。
13. Filled with fright, I dragged my exhausted body inching forward.
我拖着疲惫的身躯向前挪动，内心充满恐惧。
14. Then I saw my name, decorated with giant, golden words—champion.
然后我看到了自己的名字，旁边还有巨大的金色“冠军”字样。
15. Taking a deep breath, I headed to the lounge door.
我深吸一口气，向客厅门走去。
16. “My egg bounced out,” she explained, pointing to a broken shell in the grass.
“我的鸡蛋掉了，”她指着玻璃上的碎蛋壳解释道。
17. We just sat in our small apartment, unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness.
我们待在自己的小公寓里，幸福地拆一件又一件的礼物。
18. Sometimes, only a little kindness can light something shining, making the world more beautiful and harmonious.
有时，仅仅很微小的善意便能点亮一些东西，让世界变得更加和谐美好。
二、独立主格结构
19. The night falling, they put up a tent and wolfed down a simplified dinner.
夜幕降临，他们支起帐篷，快速地吃了个便饭。
20. Suddenly a low, buzzing sound appearing, Whiston raised his head, glanced around and spotted a helicopter in the distance.
突然，出现了低沉的嗡嗡声，Whiston抬起头环顾四周，发现远处有一架直升飞机。21. Blood rushing to his face and heart palpitating fiercely, he leapt to his feet and yelled at the top of his voice.
他涨红了脸，心脏怦怦直跳，跳起来，扯着嗓门喊。
22. The heavy smoke curling upward slowly into the sky, he clasped his hands tightly, praying in the depth of his heart that it would work.
浓烟缓缓升腾而起，他双手紧握，在心底祈祷能够奏效。
23. “Joe, I’m here!” I wound down the window, tears of horror mixed with rain streaming down my face.
“Joe，我来了！”我摇下车窗，惊恐的泪水和雨水一同从我脸上流下来。
24. Eventually, I sat beside the stream, my arms and legs aching.
我终于在溪边坐下来了，胳膊和腿感到酸痛，
25. My brother made his way to me, his eyes filled with concern.
我哥哥向我走来，他的眼睛里满是担心。
三、形容词、副词作状语
26. Shocked and proud, their mother said in a sweet whisper, “Thanks, my kids.”
他们的母亲既震惊又骄傲，幸福地低声说道，“谢谢孩子们。”
27. Remorseful for my simple-minded behavior, thinking about the missing rainbow, I burst into tears again.
我对自己愚蠢的行为感到非常后悔，想着错过了彩虹，我又哭起来。
四、强调句
28. Patting them gently on their shoulders, father said in a warm voice, “Darling, it’s love that counts.
爸爸轻轻地拍着他们的肩膀，暖声说道，“亲爱的，重要的正是爱。”
29. During their pleasant chat, they learned it was exactly the message in the bottle that saved them.
在轻松的谈话中，他们知道了正是瓶子里的消息救了他们。
30. It was Joe that shouted and waved violently.
是Joe在大喊大叫，拼命地挥手。
五、介词和介词短语
31. Let’s do this again together!” To their relief, with the guidance of father, they successfully made the breakfast.
“我们再一起做一遍！”他们在父亲的指导下，如释重负，成功地做好了早餐。
32. At the sight of the black dot on the horizon, Whiston made a smoky fire.
Whiston看见地平线上有个黑点，便生起了烟。
33. In spite of his age, he still leads an active life.
尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。
六、倒装
34. In the small space was the brightest and most beautiful Christmas tree I had ever seen.
在那狭小的空间里是我见过的最明亮、最漂亮的圣诞树。
35. So incredible was I couldn’t believe my eyes.
太不可思议了，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
36. The black dot grew larger and larger against the orange sky, so was their hope of being rescued.
黑点在橙色的天空中越来越大，他们获救的希望也越来越大。
37. So overwhelmed was I that I almost wanted to dash out of the stage.
我不知所措，几乎想冲出舞台。
38. Not only did I use my unicycle and hula hoop performance to win the first prize, but also I had proved it to others that even a weak girl like me could win, just through my practice!
我不仅用我的独轮车和呼啦圈的表演获得了一等奖，而且我也向别人证明了，即使是像我这样弱小的女孩，只要通过练习，也能赢！
七、无灵主语
39. Great excitement and surprise flooded in—I rushed to the tree.
巨大的兴奋和惊喜涌上了心头——我冲向那棵树。
40. However, the sound of the helicopter drowned him out. The helicopter hovered for a while and faded in the suffocating darkness.
然而，直升飞机的声音将他淹没了。直升飞机盘旋了片刻，消失在令人窒息的黑暗中。
41. A tide of exhaustion and despair washed over him.
一股疲惫和绝望的感觉向他袭来。
42. A sense of palpable relief enveloped me.
我明显感到如释重负。
43. The night wind howled ruthlessly, nameless creatures murmured in the dark and the moonlight shone weakly on the ground.
夜晚的风无情地咆哮，无名生灵在黑暗中低语，月光微弱地铺洒在地上。
44. “You did it,” an inner voice told me.
“你做到了，”我内心的声音告诉我。
45. A sense of anxiety crept upon me, and my fingers were nearly frozen.
一种不安的感觉涌上心头，我的手指几乎冻僵了。
46. Great sorrow clouded the mother.
巨大的悲伤笼罩着母亲。
47. As they disappeared into the far distance gradually, a strong sense of satisfaction poured into my mind.
随着他们逐渐消失在远方，一股强烈的满足感涌上我的心头。
八、it用法
48. But it occurred to me that our family couldn’t afford it in the tough time. “How did you make it ” I raised my question.
但我突然想到，我们家在困难时期是买不起的。“你是怎么做到的？”我提出了我的问题。
49. At this time, a thought popped into my mind—it was the high time that I examined the effects of my practice.
这时，我的脑海里突然冒出一个念头——正是我检查练习效果的时候了。
九、从句
50. Christmas of 1939 was the most magical Christmas that reminded me of what was essential in later life—love from a family.
1939年的圣诞节是最神奇的圣诞节，它让我想起了后半生最重要的东西——家人的爱。
51. After what seemed like an eternity, the helicopter finally came to a halt over them and lowered a rescuer.
似乎过了很久之后，直升机终于在他们头顶停下并放下了一名救援人员。
52. Cassie cast a queer look at me as if to declare war.
卡西奇怪地看着我，好像要宣战似的。
53. A sweet peace flooded into me like a blessing, which made me hopeful again.
甜蜜的平安像祝福一样涌入我的内心，让我再次充满希望。
54. I picked up the note, which read “Thanks for your returning of the umbrella.”
我拿起纸条，上面写着“谢谢你把给我送回来。”
55. Though warm, it was uncomfortable for children, who nestled closely by the Christmas tree
虽然很暖和，但对于紧紧依偎在圣诞树旁的孩子们来说，这很不舒服。
56. Unfortunately, she was met with refusal, which failed her to hold back tears.
不幸的是，她遭到拒绝，这让她忍不住流眼泪。
57. Soon we were busy preparing presents for our unexpected guests, who just wanted to stay warm on Christmas Day.
很快我们就忙着为不速之客准备礼物，他们只想在圣诞节来点温暖。
58. Megan insisted we should let them know that I had tested positive.
Megan坚持我们应该让他们知道我的检测呈阳性。
59. Hard as it was to inform people that we might have given them the coronavirus, it was the responsible thing to do.
尽管很难告诉别人我们可能给他们传染了冠状病毒，但这是负责任的事情。
60. We heard the news that our team had won.
我们听到消息了，我们队伍赢了。
十、连续动作
61. I opened the door, reached out my foot, trying to find a proper land point.
我打开门，伸出脚，试图找到一个合适的落脚点。
62. After confirming the safety, I inched forward in the muddy water and eventually rushed frantically towards my husband.
确认安全后，我在浑水中一点点前行，最终发狂似地冲向我的丈夫。
63. Joe also ran in my direction, gathered me into his arms and kept patting my back.
Joe也朝我跑过来，把我抱在怀里，不停地拍着我的背。
64. I grinned dazzlingly, raced to them and embraced them tightly.
我咧嘴一笑，跑到他们身边，紧紧地拥抱着他们。
65. Cassie looked at me, and her glare softened. I grinned. She giggled.
Cassie看着我，她的目光柔和了下来。我咧嘴一笑。她咯咯地笑了起来。
66. Then I raced down and got to the bottom before Cassie did.
然后我跑了下来，在Cassie之前到达了谷底。
67. I had to inhale sharply to calm myself down, then I bent down towards the crowd and started my performance.
我不得不猛吸一口气让自己平静下来，然后我弯下腰向人群开始了我的表演。
十一、with复合结构
68. I was shivering with cold, with my empty stomach rumbling.
我冷得瑟瑟发抖，空荡荡的肚子咕咕叫。
69. He was a delivery man with his arms full of parcels.
他是个快递员，手里满是包裹。
70. Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading across my body.
我紧紧握着那张纸条，眼泪快要掉下来，一股暖流在我身上蔓延开来。
71. The rest froze, with eyes falling on their little sister.
其余的人都愣住了，目光落在他们小妹妹身上。
72. With gifts in hand, the kids were wild with joy.
孩子们手里拿着礼物，欣喜若狂。
73. “No time to make mum a breakfast now.” Jenna cried with regret and guilt overwhelming her like endless tides.
“现在没时间给妈妈做早餐。”Jenna哭了起来，遗憾和内疚像无尽的潮水一样淹没了她。
74. I stood there and stared at it with tears rolling down my cheeks.
我站在那里，看着它，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。1. anything but 决不， 绝对不， 一点也不
Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless.
2. even if/ though 即使，虽然
The voices make you feel less alone even though you are alone.
3. even so 尽管如此， 即使那样
Even so, she impressed the word with her courage and strong desire to succeed.
4. make a contribution 做贡献
I want to work in s company where I can be challenged and where I can make a contribution.
5. switch off 关（点灯， 机器等）
In a world where everyone wants you to listen to their version, you only have two choices : switch off altogether or start looking for sources you can trust.
6. switch on 开（点灯， 机器等）
She switched on her light.
7. together with 包括…在内， 同…一起， 连同
Together with a smaller, much older volcano it helped form the island of Maui.
8. appeal to sb 吸引某事， 引起某人的兴趣，向某人呼吁，恳请某人
The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects.
9. play a role in sth 在…中起作用， 对…有影响
Water does play a very important roe in our lives. Without it , we’d all be dead.
10. regret doing sth 后悔做了某事
You may regret saying that.
11. take a walk 散步
We had a nice dinner, took a walk.
12. provide sb with sth
We’ll provide the police with whatever you need.
bine sth with sth
Then they combine the mixture with yeast.
14. consider………as sth 认为…是
I love what I do , I don’t consider what I do as my job.
15. be anxious to do 渴望做某事， 非常希望做某事
“ I am anxious to get back to my aunt and uncle , for I am sure they will worry about me.
16. a quantity of 大量， 众多
She carried a quantity of matches in an old apron.
17. at present 现在， 目前
Our speed at present is fifty-three and a half miles an hour.
18. make a difference 有影响， 起作用
Since then , many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference.
19. make an appoint 预约， 约会
He made an appointment with his lawyer to change his will the day before he died.
20. above all 最重要的是， 尤其是
Above all, the real poet is a master of words.
21. see off 为…送行
You should see him off with a kiss.
22. come true 实现，成真
Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.
23. too good to be true 好得令人难以置信
You’re just too good to be true . Can’t take my eyes off you.
24. be true of 适用于， 对…适用
That’s not true of all bars. Juice bars , for example.
25. register for sth 登记， 注册（信息）
You might also have a PIN for registering for a class at college.
26. the other day 几天前
The other day, a netizen shared a photo on Sina Weibo.
27. in public 公共地， 当众
It needed to be shared in public.
28. act on sth 根据(建议，信息等) 行事， 对…有作用， 有影响
The suggestion was sensible , and yet I could not force myself to act on it .
29. on/ at the edge of 在…的边缘
She sat down on the edge of his bed again.
30. seek to do sth 试图做某事， 设法做某事
Unlike others, who seek to control you. I want to set you free.
31. stay away from 远离， 不靠近
When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future.
32. stay up 熬夜
This is opposed to the “ early bird” schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight.
33. impress sb with 给…留下深刻的印象， 使…钦佩
She impressed the crowd with a shinny black dress.
34. meet with sb 和某人会务（商讨问题等）
She meets with foreign leaders from all corners of globe.
35. meet with sth 遭遇， 经历（不愉快的事情）
I met with an accident some time ago.
36. eat out 下馆子， 在外用餐
We couldn’t eat out for a month, because I was saving money for yours and Barry’s college tuition.
37. force sb to do sth
I’ve been trying to force myself to do things that make me scared.
38. be addicted to sth 对…上瘾， 对…入迷
He’s addicted to gambling. 他好赌。
39. translate sth into sth 把…翻译成…
I translate poetry and literature into different language.
40. view……as sth 把……视为， 以…看待
You should never view your challenges as a disadvantage.
41. fall in 生病
People often fall ill because of me.
42. tear apart 把….撕碎， 使……四分五裂额
When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train , my father said, “That’s it”.
43. in …… condition 处于……的状况
They do this to keep their feathers in good condition. (状况良好)
44. warm up 使温暖， 变温暖， 做准备活动， 热身，把（冷饭菜）热一热
If you keep moving, you’ll warm up.
45. a period of 一段（时间）
Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March.
46. along with 与……一起，和…同样地
Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
47. full of sth 满是……的
The safe was stuffed full of currency.
48. heat up 激烈起来， 更加活跃，使变热， 把…加热
Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.
49. either……or…… 要么……要么， 不是……就是……
Either you end up hurting someone or they hurt you.
50. vote for 投票赞成
Who did you vote for in the last presidential election
51. be fond of 喜爱…的
The Queen became so fond of me that she could not eat without me.
52. be chance 偶然， 碰巧，意外
I was picked purely by chance.
53. in the dark 在黑暗处， 在暗处
So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
54. calm down 使平静， 使镇静
In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.
55. keep a promise 信守诺言
It’s important to keep a promise.
56. rather than 而不是
Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.
57. learn about 学习关于…的知识， 得知关于……的消息
Getty made a large fortune in his life, but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art.
58. learn sth from 从……学习， 从…学到
And I learn a lot from the movies.
59. for a while 一会儿， 一段时间
And when you smile, the whole world stops and stares for a while.
60. go wrong 发生故障， 出毛病， 出现问题， 遇到困难， 犯错误， 做错事
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong.
61. leave sth alone 不碰， 不变动， 不移动
Leave it alone. Don’t touch it.
62. lead a ……life 过…的生活
You will be left alone to lead a normal life.
63. lead sb to do 引导某人做某事
I was led to believe that nothing happens here without you knowing about it.
64. lead to sth 导致， 造成（后果）
A tragic event led to the end of marriage.
65. join in 参加， 加入（活动）
I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.
66. spring up 迅速出现， 突然兴起
Nowadays, fast-food places are springing up all over Italy.
67. spare time 空余时间， 业余时间
But most of his spare time is spent working.
68. cheer for sb 为…欢呼， 为…加油
So be sure to cheer for your favorite.
69. cheer up 使变得更高兴， 振奋起来
Well , when I’m feeling a bit sad, a good book always cheers me up.
70. devote…to … 献身于……， 致力于……
Then I can devote more time and energy to finding a better position at another company.
71. go for sth 去参加(某项活动或运动)
We three should go for a walk and leave them to walk.
72. go on 发生， 继续等下去， 继续说， 继续做某事
Our family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase.
73. go out 出门参加社交活动， 外出交际， （灯光或火）熄灭， 过时， 不再流行
I prefer to go out and be out.
73．go over 仔细检查， 反复研究， 从一处到另一处
I wanted to go over the reports.
74. go against 反对， 反抗， 与……相背， 违反， 与……不符
If you go against your father’s wishes , you will have to leave home.
75. go though 通过， 达成， 仔细察看， 详细研究， 精力， 执行活动， 履行程序，通过， 穿过
Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone.
76. go up 被兴建， 被建造， （剧院幕布）升起， （物价等）上涨，（温度等）上升
He said he was just too scared to go up to her.
77. go in 进入室内， 进去
One of the questions are: Who will go in times of trouble
78. go back to 返回， 追溯到， 回忆起
She goes back to Seoul every weekend.
79. go away 走开， 离开， 消失， 离家外出（尤指度假）
When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.
80. go ahead 开始干， 着手干
Go ahead , take me on.
81. go on sth 去做某事
I had to go on a journey and would be away for several days.
82. go down 下沉， 沉没， 物价下跌， 温度下降， 落下
That would go down poorly in the US , however.
83. go on to do （完成某事后）接着做另一事
She goes on to talk about her husband.
84. be absent from 缺席， 缺少…的
I was absent from the house the entire afternoon.
85. application form 申请， 申请书，申请表
You need to fill out an application form and send it to the house director.
86. settle down 安顿下来， 安静下来
I think it’s great to have a place to settle down and read.
87. in recent years 在最近几年中，近年来
Running has become incredibly popular in recent years.
88. follow one’s advice 听从某人的意见
I followed her advice. Within two days we had a house, I soon had a job.
89. both……and…… …和……都， 不仅……而且……
Both boys and girls like it.
90. because of 因为
Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colorful patterns at the ocean surface.
91. fall out 掉落， 脱落， 吵翻，闹翻
Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria.
92. fall down 跌倒， 突然倒下，倒塌
Dad fell down the stairs and broke his butt.
93. fall apart 破碎， 破裂，（组织，关系等）崩溃
My house is falling apart.
94. fall into sth 进入某状态， 开始变成某事物，能够分成
They are high in income and fall into the age group of 26 to 65.
95. in other words 换句话说， 也就是说， 换言之
In other words , old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.
96. in a word 简言之， 一句话，总之
In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possible.
97. on board 在船上， 在飞机上， 在火车上， 支持
I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle.
98. in person 当面，亲自
As a security measure, you are requested to collect your card in person at the SAC.
99. be able to do sth 能做某事的
I might not be able to do it.
100.in the background 在背景里， 在幕后
Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background.1.Education is the door to freedom.教育是通向自由之门。
语法：（简单的主系表结构）
2.Challenges make life interesting. 挑战使生活变得有趣。
语法：（make+...+adj...形容词作宾语补足语）
注释：
01freedom n. 自由，自主。
02challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向…挑战。
3：Difficulties make life worth living.困难让生活有价值。
语法：（make+...+介词短语：形容词短语作宾语补足语）
4：Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence.世界上没有任何东西可以取代坚持。
语法：（否定词作主语。take the place of:代替）
注释：
take the place of 代替：替代。
persistence n. 坚持；坚持不懈。
5：It's impossible to defeat a person who never gives up!打败一个永运不放弃的人是不可能的。
语法：（动词不定式作主语，“it"为形式主语。”who"引导的定语从句修饰先行词“a person".)
6：The most important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to attain it.生活中最重要的事情就是有一个远大的目标，并有决心实现它。
语法：（动词不定式作表语和定语。）
注释：
attain vt. 达到；获得。
7：If you can dream it ,you can do it.只要你想得到，你就做得到。
语法：（“if”引导的条件状语从句）
8：Actions speak louder than words.行动比语言更具有说服力。
语法：（副词比较级）
9：Deeds are more powerful than words.行为比语言更强大。
语法：（形容词比较级）
10：Mistakes show us what we still need to learn.从错误中我们知道该学什么。
语法：（“what”引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。从句中动词不定式作宾语）注释：powerful adj 强大的，有力的
11：Difficult times show us who our true friends are.艰难岁月让我们知道谁是真正的朋友(患难见真情)。
语法：（"who"引到的宾语从句作直接宾语）
12：It doesn't cost anything to be nice.做好人是不费吹灰之力的。
语法：（动词不定式作主语，“it”作形式主语）
13：Believe in what you can become. 相信自己的潜力
语法：（“what”引导的名词性从句作介词宾语。）
14：Think and your mind will stay fresh. 思考能使大脑保持清醒。
语法：(祈使句+and+主句“结构，其中祈使句具有条件句的含义，意为：（只要 … 就 …)
15:You win because you think you can.你成功是因为你认为你能成功。
语法：（“because”引导的原因状语从句。）
16：By helping others, you will feel good about yourself.帮助他人，其乐无穷。
语法：（介词“by“表示手段，途径，动名词作介词宾语。）
17：Lost time is never found again.时间一去不复返。
语法：（过去分词作定语。一般现在时被动语态）
18：Rome wasn't built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。
语法：（一般过去时被动语态）
19：Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.永远不要把今天能做的事拖延到明天。
语法：（否定形式祈使句，“what”引导的宾语从句作短语动词“put off”的宾语）
20：Remember to smile when you wake up.记得在醒来的时候微笑。
语法：（动词不定式作宾语。“when”引导时间状语从句）
21：Oversleeping will never make your dreams come true.睡懒觉永远不能让你梦想成真。
语法：（动名词作主语，不带“to”的动词不定式作宾补。）
22：Praise twice as much as you criticize.多表扬，少批评。语法：（比较级，倍数表示法。）
注释：
oversleep v. (使）睡过头，睡得太久
criticize v. 批评 责备
23:The way to be happy is to make others happy. 快乐的方式就是先让别人快乐。
语法：（动词不定式作定语和表语，形容词作“make”的宾补。）
24：Life is too short to spend time worrying.生命太短暂了，不要花在焦虑上。
语法：（动词不定式否定结构：“too… to… ”表示“太…而不能… ”其中动词不定式作结果状语。现在分词固定结构：spend time doing… ）
25：What pains us trains us.使我们痛苦的东西在真正锻造我们。语法：（“what”引导主语从句）26：What doesn't kill us makes us stronger. 没有要我们命的事情让我们更强大。语法：（“what”引导主语从句）27:What hurts us the most teaches us the best . 伤害我们最深的对我们教育最深。语法：（“what”引导主语从句。副词最高级的运用。）28：The dictionary is the only place where success comes before work.只有在字典中，成功才会出现在工作之前。语法：（“where”引导的定语从句。）29：To be a great leader, you must have great hopes!想要成为伟大的领导者，就必须有伟大的抱负。语法：（动词不定式作目的状语）30：He who is ashamed of asking is ashamed of learning.耻于问者耻于学。语法：（“who"引导的定语从句，动名词作介词宾语。）注释：be ashamed of 对… 感到羞愧，耻于…31:He who fails to plan plans to fail.不计划的人是注定要失败的。语法：（“who”引导的定语从句修饰主语，动词不定式作动词宾语。）32：He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.不犯错误的人将一事无成。语法：（“who”引导的定语从句修饰主语。双重否定。）33：Imagination is more important than knowledge.想象力比知识更重要。语法：（形容词比较级）34：The hotter the fire ,the harder the steel.火烧的越旺，（锻造出来的）钢铁就越坚硬。语法：(形容词比较级结构，the+比较级（越…，就越…）35：Do not let what you cannot do interfere with what you can do.绝不要让你不能做的妨碍你能做的事语法：（“what”引导的宾语从句作“动词宾语”和“介词宾语”。不带“to”的动词不定式作“let”的宾补）36：It's how you deal with failure that determines how you achieve success.你如何对待失败注定了你如何取得成功。语法：（强调结构：强调“how”引导的主语从句。后一个“how”引导的宾语从句）注释：interfere with 妨碍，干涉，干扰。37：Help others achieve their dreams and you will achieve yours.帮助他人实现他们的梦想，而你也将因此实现自己的梦想。语法： [不带“to”的动词不定式作“help”的宾补。“祈使句+and+主语”结构，祈使句带条件句的含义，意为：（只要）… 就 …]38:The achievement of your goal is assured the moment you commit yourself to it. 一旦你全心投入，你目标的实现就得到了保证。语法：（一般现在时被动语态。“the moment”引导时间状语从句，意思是“ 一 … 就 … ”注释：commit v 对… 作出保证，承诺assure v 确保，保证，担保。39：You become a winner the moment you believe you can win.当你相信自己能赢的时候，你就成为了胜利者。语法：（“the moment”引导时间状语从句，意思是“一 …就 …”状语从句中套宾语从句，作“believe”的宾语。）40：Time and energy spent worrying are wasted.担忧烦恼，浪费时间，也是浪费精力。语法：（过去分词作定语，一般现在时被动语态）41：The best way to predict the future is to create it.预测未来的最佳方案就是创造未来。语法：（动词不定式作定语和表语）42：Your brain needs exercise to stay fit , just like your body.大脑需要锻炼才能保持健康，就像您的身体一样。语法：（动词不定式作目的状语。）注释：predict v 预知 预言 预报43：Our greatest weakness lies in giving up .The most certain way to succeed is always to try just one more time. 我们最大的弱点就在于放弃。成功最有把握的方法就是再试一次。语法：（动名词作介词宾语。动词不定式作定语和表语）44：Putting off an easy thing makes it hard. Putting off a hard thing makes it impossible.简单的事情因为拖延而变得困难；困难的事情因为拖延而变得不可能（完成）。语法：【动名词作主语。“make…+形容词（作补语）”结构】注释：lie in 存在，在于。45：The only good luck many great men ever had was being born with the ability to overcome bad luck. 对于许多伟大的人来说，他们唯一的幸运之处就是它们具有征服厄运的天赋。语法：（省略关系代词的定语从句，过去进行时被动语态。动词不定式作定语。）46：The greatest discovery of our generation is that a human being can alter his life by altering his attitudes. 我们这一代人的最大发现就是：人类可以通过改变态度来改变自己的生活。语法：（“that”引导表语从句。动名词作介词宾语。）注释：be born with 生而具有 alter 改变47：It is not what happens to you ;it is what you do with what happens to you. 重要的不是在你身上发生了什么，而是应变时你做了什么。语法：（“what”引导的表语从句。最后一个“what”引导宾语从句，作介词宾语。）48:It is not what other people think of you ,it is what you think of yourself that counts.重要的不是别人如何看待自己，而是你如何看待你自己。语法：（强调句型“It is ...that...",强调"what "引导的主语从句。）注释：count v 有价值，重要，有用。49：As long as you are dreaming ,believing ,and doing ,you can go anywhere and achieve anything.只要你有梦想，有信念，有行动，你就可以无往不利，无所不胜。语法： （“as long as”引导条件状语从句）50：Whatever you do ,do it whole-heartedly. 无论你做什么，都要全心全意去做。语法：（“whatever”引导的让步状语从句。构词法：“形容词+名词+ed+-ly构成的合成副词。）51:Success is how high you bounce when you hit bottom. 成功是坠落到底反弹的高度。语法：（“how”引导表语从句。从句中的“when”引导时间状语从句）52：Success is measured not by how much money you have made ,but by how many people you have helped. 衡量成功的标准不是看你赚了多少钱，而是看你帮了多少人。语法：（一般现在时被动语态，“how”引导的宾语从句，作介词宾语。“but”连接两个宾语从句表示转折。）注释：bounce v （使）反跳，弹起，弹回。measure vt 测量，衡量， 估量。53：Great works are performed not by strength , but by perseverance.完成伟大的事业不在于体力，而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。语法：（一般现在时被动语态。“but”连接两个介词短语表示转折。）54：Man is not judged by his words , but by his deeds.评判一个人不是看他的语言，而是看他的行为。语法：（一般现在时被动语态。“but”连接两个介词短语表示转折）注释：perform vt 履行 执行。perseverance n 坚定不移，毅力55：No one can humiliate or disturb us unless we let him.没有任何人能侮辱我们，困扰我们，除非我们自己允许。语法：（“unless”引导条件状语从句，省略句：“let him”后省略“humiliate or disturb us ”)56:No one can make you feel inferior without your consent. 没有你的同意，没有人能让你自卑。语法：（这是主，谓，宾，补结构）注释：humiliate v 羞辱，使丢脸，使出丑 inferior adj 下等的，自卑的consent n 同意，赞成。57：To reach your goals, work hard , participate ,practice ,and do the best you can.要达成你的目标，你就必须苦干，参与，操练，以及尽你所能做到最好。语法：（动词不定式作目的状语。定语从句修饰先行词“the best".)58:Genius is the ability to put into effect what is in your mind. 天才就是将心中所想付诸实行的能力。语法：（动词不定式作定语。“what”引导宾语从句。）注释：participate vi 参与 参加 分享。genius n 天才，天赋。put into effect 实行实施 使生效 实现。59:Life doesn't require that we be the best ,only that we try our best .生活并不要求我们是最好的，只要求我们做到最好。语法：“that”引导宾语从句。“require”后接宾语从句中动词须用虚拟语气；（should）+动词原形。60：The most important single ingredient in the formula of success is knowing how to get along with people.成功公式中最重要的一个因素就是知道如何与人相处。语法：动名词复合结构作表语。“how+动词不定式”结构作动名词宾语。Get along with：与人（融洽）相处61：Success is not measured by the position you reach in life ; it's measured by the obstacles you overcome.成功不是用你一生取得的地位来衡量的，而是看你克服了多少障碍。语法：（动词一般现在时被动语态。定语从句修饰句中的介词宾语。）62：It is in your moments of decision that your destiny is shaped.人生就注定于你做决定的那一刻。语法：（强调句型：it is...that...动词一般现在时被动语态。）注释：obstacle n 障碍 ，妨碍物，阻碍。Destiny n 命运 定数 Shape v 使成形 形成。63：The surest way not to fail is to determine to succeed.不致失败的最可靠方法是决心成功。语法：（动词不定式作定语，表语和宾语）64：What would life be if we had no courage to attempt anything 如果我们对任何事情都没有勇气尝试，人生还有什么意义？语法：（虚拟语气条件句。动词不定式作定语）注释：attempt vt 尝试，企图。65:The world belongs to the energetic.世界属于充满活力的人。语法：（“the+形容词”表示一类人。）66：Early to bed an dearly to rise keeps a man healthy，wealthy and wise.早睡早起让人健康，富足和智慧。语法：（两个动词不定式并列作主语。形容词作“keep”的宾补。“keep+...+adj，”表示“使...保持...”）注释：energetic adj 精力旺盛的；充满活力的67：The human will can be strengthened like a muscle!人类的意志可以像肌肉一样被增强。语法：（情态动词作被动词。“like”作介词引导介词短语。）68：Only a fool criticizes what he does not understand.只有傻瓜才会批评他不懂的事。语法：（“only”修饰主语。“what”引导宾语从句。）注释：strengthen v 加强，增强；巩固.69:Success grows out of the struggle to overcome difficulties.成功来自于克服困难的斗争。语法：（动词不定式作定语）70：Each day，take at least one step toward your goal .The step doesn’t have to be big ,moving forward even a small amount is progress.每天至少向你的目标迈进一步。这一步不一定要很大，哪怕是向前一点，都是进步。语法：副词短语“at least”修饰动词宾语。动名词短语作主语。注释：grows out of 起因于， 来自于71:Remind yourself to laugh and smile.You can always make room for happiness.提醒自己大笑，微笑。你总可以找到欢乐。语法：（动词不定式作宾补，复合结构“remind sb. To do...”提醒某人做...Make room for ：为...腾出空位。）72:Everyone is important .Anyone can change the world .No one should underestimate his power! 人人都是重要的。任何人都可以改变世界。没有人会低估他自己的力量！语法：（不定代词“everyone”和“anyone”的用法）注释：underestimate vt 低估，看轻。73：You don't need an invitation to help others .Help before you are asked.帮助别人不是需要邀请的。在别人开口之前就伸出援助之手吧！语法：（动词不定式作宾语。“before”引导的时间状语从句。一般现在时被动语态。）74：Push yourself to do more than others believe you can do .Then, encourage others to push themselves just as hard.逼自己做出超越自己期望的事。然后，帮助别人也一样努力逼迫自己前进。语法：（动词不定式作宾补。“than”引导比较状语从句）75：The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.未来属于那些相信自己梦想的人。语法：（“who”引导定语从句。Belong to：属于）76：Harsh advice is the most instructive. 忠言逆耳利于行。语法：（形容词最高级）注释：harsh adj 严厉的， 苛刻的 刺耳的instructive adj 有益的 有启发的77：Don't wait for the world to change. Change it yourself.不要等世界改变，去改变世界吧！语法：（带逻辑主语的动词不定式作动词宾语）78：The only true failure is the failure to try.唯一真正的失败是没有去尝试。语法：(动词不定式作定语）79：Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.无热情无以成伟业。语法：（句子结构双重否定。不定代词加形容词需后置。一般过去式被动语态。）80：There is no challenge more challenging than improving yourself.没什么挑战比提高自我更有挑战性。语法：（现在分词短语作定语。动名词作介词“than”的宾语）注释：enthusiasm n 热情，热心，狂热，积极性81：Confidence is contagious .So is lack of confidence.自信是具有感染力的，不自信也是一样。语法：(倒装句。由“so”引起的表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物时，句子部分倒装。）82：Confidence is half of victory自信就是成功的一半。语法：（主，系，表结构。）注释：contagious adj 传染性的，会感染的 be lack of 缺乏83:You're unique with special gifts ;use them..你是独一无二的，你有独特的才能。发挥他们吧！语法：（分号连接两个对立的分句）84：Attitude is just as important as ability.态度和能力一样重要。语法：（同级比较）注释：unique adj 唯一的，独一无二的，独特的。85：We're all capable if we have faith and passion.只要我们有信仰，有激情，我们就是有能力的。语法：（“if”引导条件状语从句）86：Diligence is the mother of good luck.勤奋是好运之母。语法：（暗喻的运用） 注释：faith n 信心, 信任, 信念passion n 激情 热情Diligence n 勤奋，努力,用功87:If you’re doing your best , you will not have to worry about failure.如果你尽力而为，你就不必担忧失败。语法：（条件状语从句）88：Those who turn back never reach the summit.中途折返的人永远的都到不了顶峰。语法：（“who”引导的定语从句修饰主语）注释：turn back 折回；是停止前进 summit n 顶点 顶峰89：A winner never stops trying.成功者永不停止尝试。语法：（动名词作宾语）90：The first and best victory is to conquer yourself.最重要的胜利是战胜自己。语法：（动词不定式作表语）注释：conquer vt 征服 战胜91：Take chances ,make mistakes .That’s how you grow.去冒险，去犯错误！你就是这样成长起来的！语法：（“how”引导表语从句）92：True strength flows from a healthy body and mind working in harmony.真正的力量来自于健康身体和健康大脑的合作无间。语法：（现在分词作定语）注释：take chances 冒险，碰运气 harmony n 协调 融洽93：Failure is the sauce that gives success its flavor.失败是成功的调味品。语法：（“that”引导定语从句。暗喻的运用）94：Failure teaches you more than success.失败的价值大于成功。从失败中，我们学到更多语法：（副词比较级）注释：sauce n 调味料flavor n 风味 香料95：Make full use of whatever happens to you .There is something to learn from every experience.充分利用发生在你身边的任何事情。任何的经历都有值得学习的地方。语法：（“whatever”引导宾语从句作介词宾语。动词不定式作定语。Make full use of：充分利用）96:Goodness is the only investment that never fails.善良是唯一不会失败的投资。语法：（定语从句。先行词中有“only”，关系代词只能用“that”而不能用“which”）注释：make full use of 充分利用 investment n 投资 投入。97：Life is a struggle that must be accepted. Accepting the struggle happily or miserably is up to us to decide.生活是你必须接受的斗争。快乐的接受还是悲惨的接受就要由你决定了。语法：（首先是一个定语从句，然后是动名词短语作主语）98：If you cannot be an excellent loser ,you’ll never succeed.如果你不能成为一个优秀的失败者，你就永远不能成功。语法：（条件状语从句）注释：miserably adv 可怜地 悲惨地 be up to 取决于99:No matter how hard you try or how much time you spend worrying ,some thing just cannot be changed .Accept them and move on!不管你多么努力的尝试，不管你花多少时间担忧，总有些事情无法改变。接受他们，继续前行吧！语法：（这是一个“典型的让步状语从句”！由“no matter how”引导）100：Continuous efforts –not strength or intelligence –is the key to unlocking our potential.释放潜能的关键不是力量，也不是智慧，而是不断的努力。语法：（动名词作介词宾语）注释：move on 继续前进 continuous adj 连续的 持续的Intelligence n 智力 聪明 unlock vt 开启 显露 放开Potential n 潜能 潜力一、阅读理解“潜规则”
1. 原句重复出现，200%错。正确的一般都是有改动的，即同义替换。
2. 文章是按顺序出题的。你要觉得不是，就是你可能做错了。
3. 选项中意思完全相反的2个选项，其中之一是对的。（要有这个意识）。
4. 就一般而言，some people，表作者不认同的观点。few people，表作者的观点。
5. 用文章里举例的句子来做为选项，直接排除。200%错。（要有能辨别这个选项是不是文章中例子的能力）。
6. 某某人说的话，或者是带引号的，一定要高度重视。尤其是在段落的后半部分，很有可能就是某个问题的同义替换。即题眼。
7. 有的时候，一句话可以设2个问题。不过这种情况很少出现了，非常少。
8. 文章基本以5段为主（也有6段、7段的），要把握每段之间的关系。一般来说，一段一个题，只是一般来说哦。
9. 一篇文章总会有5、6+个长难句，且总会在这里设问题。所以，长难句必须要拿下！！
10. 每段的第一句很重要。尤其总分结构的段。有的时候第一句话就是题眼。在英语考试中，总分结构或者总分总的段落很多。
11. 若文章首段以why为开头的，这里若设题的话，选项里有because的，往往就是正确选项。不过这种类型的题，很少见了。
12. 有时候每段的第一句话，仅仅是一个表述。而在第2或3句以后，会出现对比或者转折。一般来说，转折后面的是作者的态度。你要注意的是，作者对什么进行了转折。那个关键词你要找出来。
13. 在应该出现答案的地方，没有答案。接着往下读。答案可能会在下一段的开头部分。因为文章都是接着说的，要有连贯性。
14. 一个长句看不懂，接着往下看，下一句可能是这个长句的解释说明。若是，这个地方可能会出题。命出题的话，答案就在这附近。而实际情况是，文章在谈论某个问题或提出某个观点时，有时会再做进一步的解释说明。这种情况下，这里往往会设问题。
15. 有些句子仅仅是解释补充，或者是起过渡作用的。这样句子的特点是，句子比较短。注意，答案一般不会在这儿出现。选项中出现，肯定是干扰项。你要知道的是，同义替换的句子，大都是长难句。一些作为过渡的句子，不可能是答案。在你读不懂的情况下，要有这个判断力。
16. 正确选项都是原文中的个别几个词的同义替换。阅读理解历年的所有真题，都是同义替换！！就看你能不能找得到。那个关键词，就看你找没找得到，不管是什么类型的题。
17. 每一个问题，在原文中，都要有一个定位。然后精读，找出那个中心句或者关键词。要抓文章的中心主旨和各段落的大意，阅读理解考的就是这个“中心句”。
18. 选项中的几个单词，是该段中不同句子里的单词拼凑的，有时看上去很舒服，注意，干扰项。还有从不同的段落里的词拼凑到一起的，直接排除。总之，选项的单词是拼凑的，有可能就是错的。
19. 一定要注意文章中句子的宾语部分，尤其是长难句中主干的宾语。上面说了，英语往往大都是长难句里设题。你要知道的是，长难句里，最可能出题的就是句子的主干部分！主干的主语、宾语是什么，一定要知道。正确选项的题眼往往就在这儿。当然，还有一些起修饰、限定作用的词，一定要看仔细。小心陷阱。
20. 若某个问题，是特别长的一个句子，一定要看清问的是什么，别打马虎眼。这是做题时需要留意的地方。
21. 注意问题的主语是谁，它和原文题眼的主语原则上是一致的。主语不一致，一般来说，都是错的。
22. 即第6条，某某人说的话，尤其特别长的句子，或者是带引号的。60%以上会出题。题眼就在这儿。这里又提了一遍，就是要引起你的重视。
23. 错误的选项，往往是就文章某一方面而说的，其特点是：所涉及的，仅仅是某一个小问题，或者很具体，非常具体的一件实事。200%错误选项。这是英语阅读理解最经常遇到的干扰项，一定要会识别。
24. 中国人出的题。多是总-分结构，或者总-分-总。所以每段开头结尾，都要注意。（这里指的是中间没有出现转折的段落）。整篇文章的开头结尾，也要重视。
25. 文章的结构，要么总-分或总-分-总，要么转折、对比，要么举例说明，就这么几个套路。
26. 对选项中的“重点词”（即主语、宾语、修饰语）都要看清楚。有的时候，选项中，会对原文中本来正确的事做错误的修改，来做为干扰项。你要注意的是，选项句子的主语（与原文）是否一致、宾语是否符合原文意思，或者用一些牵强的修饰词，来做一些特殊的限定。要看清楚。这是干扰项的特点之一。
27. 某人说过的话，有时并不是题眼，但可以从侧面或某个角度来反映作者的观点，也就是作者想表达的，正确答案都是和这样的观点相一致的。要把握关键词，有感彩的词。做题时，要有这个意识。
28. 就某个词或者某个句子设问题，不用猜词。就一条，文章主旨！不用去研究这个词什么意思，把握主旨即可。全文主旨和段落主旨（前者更重要）。
29. 接着28条说，不管什么题型，上面说的还是其它别的题型。很绝对的说，反映主旨的肯定对，前提是你能确定它就是主旨。所以，文章读不太懂，但能把握作者想表达的意思即可。
30. 注意中心句（即题眼）和前后句子之间的关系，是接着说的，还是转折关系。这里出题的话，要把握和前后句子之间的关系。是并列关系的，可以从这些句子里找同义词；是转折关系的，就通过转折关系句子里的关键词的相反意思来判断。前提是在你读不懂的情况下。
31. 凡是举例的，都是为了说明观点的。那么，这个观点（中心句），一般来说，会在举例之前就表达了。但有时候也在举例之后。总之，作者举例想说明的这个观点，你一定要找出来。
32. 排除2个选项以后，选出和文章主旨相关的选项即可。不知道主旨就把握关键词。
33. 词汇题的正确答案，往往隐藏在原文的该处附近（就是那个同义替换词），原文这附近的句子，是并列关系或者解释说明句的，就从这些句子的关键词的相近意思去把握。是转折关系的，就从关键词的相反意思去把握。总之，你要找的就是那个关键词。和30条一起理解吧。
34. 如果原文中出现“ A is B and C”。若某一问题，选项中出现了B没C，或者只出现C没B，肯定错，直接排除。可能你会问了，同时出现B and C 咋办？目前还没出现过这种情况。注意，这里说的B和C，是单词或者短语。这是干扰项的特点之一。实际情况是，这个句子不是题眼。
35. 接上面说，还一种情况是，若B和C是2个长句子，中间用分号隔开的。且这两个句子都是作者想表达的，选项中都出现了。一般来说，选项中会对其中之一做错误的修改来作为干扰项。而另一个是对的。（不过总体来说，这种题型非常非常少见。在这里想说的是34条。这样的干扰项，你要会识别。）
36. 注意几个词，yet表转折，hardly表否定。while 有时是比较，有时也表转折。比较的时候，注意比较的对象，要弄清楚。转折的时候，你要知道作者对什么进行了转折。
37. 如果你对“关键词”比较蒙，或者你想问：我怎么知道哪个是关键词？解释一下，关键词就是句子中主干的宾语。尤其是一些你觉得比较重要的句子。这样的句子多数是长难句。一般来说，一个句子主干的主语、宾语，和其他的修饰部分，都是很重要的！宾语是主语的宾语，所以，和主语是要对上号的，对不上不行。（也就是26条的主语是否一致）。至于修饰的部分，干扰项常常在这里做手脚，比如会有一些特殊的限定，千万要留意，别疏忽了。
38. 什么是中心句？即反应文章的主旨和每一段的中心意思的一句话。这句话是客观存在的。也就是作者的观点。中心句即题眼，选出正确答案，看的就是中心句。只有中心句才能选出正确答案。所以，中心句不知道在哪，或者读不懂，很难选出正确答案。中心句的具体位置，见下条。
39. 很关键的一条，抓住每段的中心意思，也就是中心句。每段至少一句，最多2句。一般来说，总分结构的段落，中心句一般在段首。举例段一般在举例前后。转折段，中心句在出现转折的地方，或者后一句（一般来说在该段的第三行上下浮动）。再就是某某人说的话。要注意这句话和前后句的关系，是并列还是转折。然后来把握这句话的意思，把握不了就通过前后句是并列还是转折关系的关键词来把握。
40. 每个问题，要还原到文章具体的某一段落。若此问题在某段的后半部分，且你没有太看懂，这段已经完事了。要养成一个习惯。接着看一下段的第一句话。实在做不出来的话，就选那个和下一段第一句话的意思差不多的选项。只能这样了。（貌似是13条的重复）补充下，这只是小技巧，只起补充作用，有时候用不上。
41. 每段的第三行，一般来说，也是该段的第3句话（也可能是第2、4句话）。其特点是：句子很长，由两句或者两句以上组成，是个长难句。尤其是that mean ，the notion is that 之类的，一定要重视。要把握句子的主干。作者想说的是什么（把握作者强调的是哪个句子）。看清楚哪句话是为了修饰哪句话的。这样的句子，若出题的话，句子的主干就是正确选项。起补充修饰作用的一定要看清楚。每段最重要的三个地方：段首，段尾，和这儿。再就是带引号的。中心句一般就在这几个地方。其实也就这么几个地方。别的地方一般都是过渡句。
42. 若是转折段的话，要注意转折的那个句子，一般都是在41条的那个地方（即第三行上下浮动）。转折前后都要看，看对比的是什么。在看不懂的情况下，通过前面的，来翻译后面的（反向翻译），来找关键词。反之亦然。
43. 最后一段，主要看段首和段尾。（最后一段是转折段的情况很少）。若是叙事段的话，叙事部分以外的，重点看。叙事部分尽量看懂。非叙事部分非常重要。一般段首若出现答案的话，段尾可能会作干扰项（见最后一条），但也不是绝对的（有时段首段尾都会有答案的提示）。段尾若出现答案的话，段首可能会很普通。一定要把握哪一句话是重点，选项中有相近意思的不是片面的叙述，一般就是正确答案。要把握重点的句子提到的被说明对象（句子主干的宾语），也就是作者关注的。
44. 选项中出现ONLY 的，目前还没有对的。
45. 中心句特别长的，2小句组成，选项中这2句都出现了，怎么排除？反映主旨的是对的。就是作者关注的对象！还有一选项是对其进行具体的解释说明，或者补充，或是对主旨的一个具体现象的反应，或是对其造成的后果的叙述。这一选项一般会做错误的修改而作为干扰项（即使不做错误的修改也一样是干扰项）总之，这样的题，符合28、29条的就是对的。符合23条的，就是错的。
46. 一定要注意，谁是用来修饰谁的。起修饰作用的词或句子，来做选项，一般是错的。被修饰的那部分来做选项，一般是对的。
47. 因果关系的题，很直接、很简单的因果关系，直接排除。间接的因果，反映主旨的，可能是对的。总之，因果关系的题，把握主旨就可以了。文中提到的直接因果，如具体的事或是什么的。都是干扰项。
48. 47的补充，正确选项反应的，往往是实质的，根本的内容。选项反应的若是很具体的某一表现，一般都是干扰项。
49. 干扰项有时出现的生词（可能是你不认识的），是与文章主题无关的词，而非同义替换。（这就需要你的基本功了）
50. 新趋势，有些题要懂文章才能做出来。读不懂很难选出来。而且，长难句明显增多。有时，它会让你崩溃到单词都认识，却不知道文章说的是什么。这时候什么技巧都不好使了。所以，一定要提高基本功。起码你要知道文章大概说的是啥，也就是谁和谁的关系。任何一篇文章的主旨，基本上都可以用“谁和谁的关系”来概括。
51. 通过首段或者前两段，来把握信息点。也就是作者想说的，是谁和谁的关系？
52. 接着上面说，一篇文章谈的是什么，或者说“谁与谁的关系”，一定要弄懂。这个具体的什么“关系”弄不懂的话，“谁与谁”一定要弄明白。比如，一篇文章说的是A与B之间如何如何。若问题问你A，选项有B的，往往就是正确答案。若问你B，你就可以先把没有A的选项排除。
53. 最新趋势：最后一段，段尾很明显不是总结，而是以补充为主的句子。注意，这里可能会以干扰项的形式出现。
54. 如上所说，中心句出现的地方无非就是段首、段中、段尾，或者带引号的句子。但是，这也是干扰项常常出现的地方。所以，你的基本功，对文章理解的程度，是你必须具备的能力。任何一门考试都有技巧，但是想拿理想的分数，光靠技巧是不现实的。
55. 有的时候，你会遇到出现2到3个否定词的句子。否定再否定，或者否定否定再否定。遇到了，尤其是3重否定的，基本上这里会设题，这句话里的关键词一定要找出来。这个地方是要练的，到时候出现了，别蒙，别犯怵。
56. however 后面的句子一定要重视。比如有一年的其中一篇的3个题，题眼都是however 后面的句子。所以，这个词一定要敏感。
二、细节理解题的实战技法
1.快速定位法
快速定位法指的是抓住题目中的关键信息﹐用寻读的方法快速定位。
典例 A working day for Dereck and Beverly starts very earlier——at 4 : 30 in the morning!That 's when they get up and start filming.And it's a long day—they often work until 8:30 in the evening. In the winter it's very cold and in the summer it can be40℃. Dereck always does that.and she doesn't write. But Dereck never takes photographs or records the sound.They work very well as a team,and they both believe we should shoot animals with cameras——not with guns!
★Dereck and Beverly start working
A.at 4:30 in the morning B.at 4:30 in the afternoon C.at 8:30 in the morning D.at 8:30 in the evening
2.选项排除法
选项排除法是根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪。
典例 How do you remember the way to your house Where do dreams come from It is your brain(大脑)that does these things.A British scientist showed that “ sleep can improve one's memory”. It's not a dream for students to study when they sleep.In fact.your brain is working day and night.1f you learn words before bed. a certain part of the brain may help you to remember the words while you sleep. What's more，another scientist in the USA found that there was a “talent button(天才按钮)”in the human brain.It might make a person more talented.
There are more interesting things about the brain. Your brain uses less energy than a fridge light.Just two bananas can give the brain enough energy to work for a whole day. According to some scientists.yawning（打哈欠)keeps our brains“cool”，which makes us think quicker.
Here are some pieces of advice to keep a good brain:
- Eat healthy food.
- Get a lot of play time or exercise.
- Don't drink or smoke.
. Use your brain a lot.
★Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A.Our brains only work in the daytime.
B.Our brains need much energy every day.
C.Smoking can keep our brains healthy.
D.Getting exercise is good for our brains.
3.数字计算法
数字计算题也是细节理解题的一种,数字计算法主要适用于该类题。该方法要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算,以便得出符合题目要求的数据。
典例 When we cut down the rainforests，we destroy these forest people，too.In 1900，there were 1，000，000forest people in the Amazon forest.In 1980, there were only 200 ,000.
★The number of the people living in the Amazon forest in 1980 was of that in 1900.
A.half B.one-third C.two-fifths D.one-fifth
三、词义猜测题的实战技法
1.通过构词法猜测词义
阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生,转化或合成的新词,考生可以依据构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。
典例They like different kinds of amusements. The Germans are very hard-working.They like tidiness，especially the women，who always keep their home clean.
What does the underlined word“tidiness”mean in Chinese
A.整洁B.安静C.时尚D.随意
2.利用标点符号猜测词义
作者有时利用标点符号为一些生词直接提供定义或解释,这些符号无疑为考生理解或猜测生词词义提供了很好的线索,如破折号、引号等。考生在解题时要善于抓住这些线索。
典例Bob works in a car factory near his home. He works very hard. He needs to work 8 hours everyday. He will be on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a.m.next day.
★What's the meaning of the underlined words
A.开夜车B.夜班C.熬夜D.晚上休息
3.通过同义、反义关系猜测词义
在生词所在的上下文中,有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语,这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。
典例 In its first year of business.Diners Club issued 200 cards.The customers who got the cards from the Diners Club could use them at 27 different restaurants.Today . Diners Club has about 8 million customers.and they can use their cards in over 7.6million businesses in more than 200 countries.
★The underlined word“issued” here probably means
A.showed B.took C. borrowed D. provided
4.通过定义、解释和举例猜测词义
在阅读材料中,特别是新闻报道及科普类说明文中,生词后面往往用that is，mean，stand for,namely，refer to，in other words等或破折号引出说明性的内容,有时也用同位语、定语从句进行解释说明。还有些文章经常用例子来说明前面较难理解的词,这些例子可帮助考生准确猜测生词。文章举例时,常常会用一些连接词，如 : such as，like，for example等。
典例 Why did he do it Why did he break the law and endanger people's health The answer is simple: He wanted to make more money.It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Too many people focus on making money and not on the effects their actions can have on others.
★It was a moral failing，and this is at the heart of the food scandals in China.Here what's the Chinese meaning of "moral failing”
A.精神崩溃 B.道德滑坡 C.质量下降 D.心理失衡
5.根据释义猜词义
释义常由定语从句或由is，or，that is ( to say ) , in other words , be called，be known as等词汇短语或破折号来表示。
典例 It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is，it will break easily. What 's the Chinese meaning of“brittle”
A.强壮的 B.脆的 C.骄傲的 D.平静的
6.通过上下文的联系猜测词义
任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的,都与句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此,考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析,进而猜测词义。
典例 As she grew older. she accepted who she was.Still. she wanted to find the missing piece of the puzzle. After finding out the place of her birthparents. Ida went to Korea in 2008.When she first arrived，she was surprised to see so many people who looked like her. However,apart from her looks，not much could be shared with others.she knew little about the culture，food，especially the language.Being in Korea wasn't always easy for her.
★What does the phrase“apart from”mean
A. except B.as for C. as well as D. besides
四、推理判断题的实战技法
1.抓住特定关键信息进行正向或逆向推理
考生做此类试题时,要善于抓住某一关键信息﹐即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断,利用正向推理或逆向思维,从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
典例 Mark Wellman showed that if you set your heart and mind on something,no wall is too high，and no dream is impossible.
What can we learn from the passage
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.Dreams will come true in the end.
C.Each step is important to success.
D.Nothing can stop a strong will.
2.根据文章中主人翁的所作所为推断主人翁的身份
对于推断主人翁或作者身份的题目,考生要根据主人翁或作者的所作所为来推断。
典例 In England，everybody knows Jamie Oliver.He has his own TV programs. In these programs. he tells people how to cook healthy food. Everyone likes Jamie's programs because his food is easy to make.
Jamie wants people to eat healthily. In some schools in England，the food at lunch time wasn't healthy.One day，Jamie went to a school to make a TV program about healthy diet. He cooked the food with lots of fruit and vegetables.At first the children didn't want to eat because they didn't like fruit or vegetables.But after they tasted the food,they started to enjoy it.
Now the food for children in schools has become much healthier.
★From the passage we learnt that Jamie is a famous
A.TV host
B.film actor
C. school teacher
3.运用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断
有些文章的语境有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子,对我们掌握文章主旨大意,了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化,从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。
典例 After our hospital visit，my husband and l needed cheering up.so we thought we would treat ourselves to a big breakfast at our favourite restaurant. While we were waiting for our meals，we decided to use all our small change and make our wallets light. so we counted it out as we waited.
l vaguely(含糊地)remembered seeing a man sitting nearby.When our meals arrived，we found a note. It read, " Your breakfast has been paid for.Hope you have a lovely day.”
lt was a wonderful surprise as nothing like that had ever happened to us. He must have thought we could hardly pay the bill. We looked around to thank him，but he had left.As retirees(退休者),we were grateful for the help like this，but it was the kindness of a total stranger that meant so much more to us.
★Clearly the man sitting near the couple was
A. poor B.rich C. helpful D.grateful
4.根据上下文的逻辑得出结论
逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点.例证等一系列论据材料进行推理,从而得出合乎逻辑的结论﹐而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时,应把握作者的写作思路,预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写,也可按因果关系,对比关系来描写。
典例 My summer hols wr CWOT.B4， we used 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro. his GF &. thr 3:—@kidsFTF.ILNY and its gr8.
Can you understand this sentence If you can't，don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework.This is Netspeak:the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphones.To newcomers. it can look like a completely foreign language. So,what is the“translation”of the sentence above My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before,we used to go to Nee York to see my brother , his girl friend , and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York and it 's great .
★What is the main purpose of the first paragraph
A.To give an example of a foreign language.
B.To show an example of creative methods.
C.To express worries about using Netspeak.
D.To lead in the topic of Netspcak.
五、热身环节
主旨大意题的实战技法
1.主旨大意题解题的“五大原则”
主旨大意题是不能够从原文中直接找到答案的题目﹐解题时要注意以下“五大原则”:
①以原文为依据,不掺杂个人意见,要客观不要主观。要克服“我认为……怎么样”的观点。
②答案是比出来的。因为,有时候四个答案都是对的。答案不选对的,只选最好的。比答案的原则是:好的≥不知道的≥不对的。
③注意绝对化的词。如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词,比如: all . always, never , nothing ,every等,除非文章当中使用了该类词汇,否则,一般都要排除。
④答案要避免以点带面,以偏概全。尤其是多个选项都有道理,难以挑选正确答案的时候,要注意选择最符合题目要求的一个。
⑤“傻瓜”原则。文章中没有提到的就当是不知道,不要枉自猜测,自作聪明。一切以文章内容为准。
2.选帽原则
所谓选帽原则,就是选的标题要像帽子一样,大小合适才行。另外,标题要简洁、突出、新颖。标题是文章的点睛之笔,所以它还要具有醒目的特点,能吸引读者。
典例 Hi，dear boys and girls ! Do you know how to be a healthy kid Here are some rules you should follow.
First.eat different foods，especially fruit and vegetables. You may have a favourite food，but you'd better eat something different. lf you eat different foods，you will probably get more nutrients(营养物质)your body needs.
Second，drink water and milk as often as possible. . .
Third.listen to your body.. .
Fourth，limit(限制)screen times.. .Fifth，be active.. .
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid.
★Which is the best title of the passage
A.How to be active
B. How to make yourself important
C.How to make your parents healthy
D. How to be a healthy kid
3.主题定位法
主旨大意题主要包括两类;标题类和主旨大意类。这两类题目有很多的共性,解这类题目时,主要采取主题定位法。
所谓主题定位法,就是通过分析文章的首尾和各段开头,找出每一小段的主题句,然后通过寻找共同点,找出整个文章的主题句。这种方法叫作主题定位法。
要掌握好主题定位法,考生要明白主题主要的呈现方式:
(1)藏头露尾式
藏头露尾式的意思是说,主题句不是出现在开头,而是出现在结尾。
典例 On the Internet，we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can.We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet.what 's more，we can go to school on the net，read a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages.We also enjoy music， watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net，we can do shopping even without leaving our homes.The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.
★What 's the main idea of the passage
A.Keep away from the Internet.B.Surf the net.
C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life.
D.We can entertain ourselves on the Internet.
(2)首尾呼应式
在有些文章中,为了突出主题,作者在文章开头提出主题,接着进行阐述或论证,在结尾时再次点明主题。值得注意的是,前后两个主题句不是简单的重复,再次出现的主题句往往是对前面主题句的进一步引申或发展。
典例 Lacrosse(长曲棍球)is a popular sport in Canada.The Indians in Canada invented it.They used it to train for war.They invented this game before Columbus arrived in the New World.
People play lacrosse outdoors.The lacrosse field is seven meters long.At each end of the field there is a goal.The goal is. . .
There are many lacrosse clubs and lacrosse teams all over Canada.Every night Canadians can watch the lacrosse games on TV or listen to the lacrosse games over the radio.
At one time lacrosse was the national summer sport in Canada.Today it is still popular with Canadians.
★The passage is mainly about
A. how to Play Lacrosse B. lacrosse in Canada C.the History of Lacrosse
D.lacrosse—A Popular Game in Canada
(3)藏龙卧虎式
藏龙卧虎式指的是主题句隐含在全文当中,没有明确的主题句。具体方法是:首先弄清楚各个段落讲了哪几个方面的内容,这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系,寻找共同点,然后加以归纳形成主题。
典例Handshaking. though a European practice, is often seen in big cities of China.Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe.It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met，they showed their unarmed hands to each other as a sign of good will.As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly，people in cities began to clap each other's hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement.This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other.“ Let 's shake( hands ) on it!”sometimes means agreement reached.
典例 The paragraph mainly tells us
A. where handshaking was first practiced
B.how handshaking came about
C.about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D.about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China.A
absolutely adv 完全地；绝对地; 确实
according to prep 按照；根据
actually adv 实际上；事实上
addict n [C] 吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人
adorable adj 讨人喜欢的；可爱的
ambitious adj 有抱负的；野心勃勃的
anticipate vt 期待；预期；预料
apparently adv 看来 (好像)；显然；据说
assign vt 分配；分派
B
barely adv 仅仅；勉强；几乎没有
bet
■ vi & vt (用……) 打赌；(与……) 打赌; vt 敢说；确信
■ n [C] 打赌；赌金：
blog n [C] (计算机) 网络日志；博客
boost vt 使增长；使兴旺
C
calendar n [C] 日历；历法
calligraphy n [U] 书法
calorie n [C] 卡路里 (食物的热量单位)
campus n [C] & [U] (大学、学院的) 校园；校区
capable adj 有能力的；能干的
capacity n [C] & [U] 容量；能力
career n [C] 事业；职业； 生涯；(一段) 工作经历
cease vi & vt 停止；终止；结束
celebrity n [C] 名人；名流
certainly adv 必然；肯定地；当然；没问题
charity n [U] 慈善 (事业)；[C] 慈善机构 / 团体；[U] 慈悲；宽容
cite vt 引用
claim
■ vt 声称；宣称；vt & vi (根据权利) 要求；索要；认领；vt 夺去 (生命)
■ n [C] 声称；断言；(对事物的) 权利；所有权； 要求；索赔
client n [C] 委托人；顾客；客户
clue n [C] 线索；提示
collapse vi 倒塌；崩溃；瓦解
column n [C] 柱；圆柱；柱状物； (表格等的) 栏；列；(报刊等的) 专栏
comic
■ adj 滑稽的；
■ n [C] 连环漫画
community n [C] 社区;群体；团体；界; [与the连用] 社会；公众
comparison n [C] & [U] 比较；比拟
complain vi & vt 抱怨
complicated adj 复杂的；难懂的
compose vt 构成；组成；vt & vi 创作 (乐曲、诗歌等)；vt 撰写
comprehensive
■ adj 全面的；综合 (性) 的：
■ n [C] 综合中学
comprise vt 包括；构成
confidence n [U] 信赖；信任; 自信；信心；确信；把握
Confucianism n [U] 孔子学说；儒教
Confucius n 孔子
confused adj 困惑的；糊涂的；混乱的；难懂的
consultation n [U] 商量；咨询
consumption n [U] 消费(量)；消耗 (量)
contact
■ n [U] 触碰；接触；[U] 联系；联络；交往；[C] 社会关系；门路；熟人
■ vt (用电话、信件等) 联系 / 联络 (某人)
contest n [C] 比赛；竞争；竞赛
context n [C] & [U] (文章的) 上下文；语境；(事情发生的) 背景
contract
■ n [C] 契约；合同
■ vi 缩小；收缩；vi & vt 签 (合同)
contrast
■ vt & vi (使) 形成对照；(使) 形成对比
■ n [C] & [U] 差异；对比；对照
cooperate vi 合作；协作；配合
core
■ n [C] 果核；核心；最重要的部分
■ adj 基础的；核心的
corporate adj 公司的；团体的
costume n [C] & [U] (某地或某历史时期的) 服装；戏装
council n [C] 委员会；理事会；(英国的) 地方议会
county n [C] (英国的) 郡；(美国的) 县
coverage n [U] 覆盖 (范围)；新闻报道；保险 (范围)
creative adj 有创造力的；创造性的
crisis n [C] & [U] 危机；紧要关头
critical adj 批判的；挑剔的；紧要的；关键的
criticize / criticise vi & vt 批评；批判；指责；vt 评价；评论 (艺术作品等)
crucial adj 关键性的；至关重要的
current
■ adj 现时的；当前的；现行的；通用的；流通的；流行的
■ n [C] 水流；电流；气流
cute adj 漂亮的；逗人喜爱的
D
decent adj 正派的；得体的；相当好的
definitely adv 确切地；肯定地
definition n [C] & [U] 释义；定义
demonstrate vt 证明；论证；vt 示范；演示；显示；vi 示威；示威游行
deny vt 否认；否定；拒绝承认；拒绝接受；拒绝给予：
depress vt 将 (某物) 压下；推下；拉下；使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉；使萧条；削弱
despite prep 不管；尽管；任凭
detail n [C] 细节；琐事；[U] 详情
detect vt 察觉；发现；侦查出
device n [C] 装置；设备；仪器
dining n [U] 进餐
discipline n [U] 训练；管教；纪律；[C] 训练办法；[U] 自制力
display
■ n [C] 陈列；展览；表演； (特性、情感或能力的) 显示；表露
■ vt 陈列；展览；显示
distinct adj 明显不同的；截然不同的；明显的；清楚的
distribution n [U] 分配；配送；[C] & [U] 分布
dolphin n [C] 海豚
domain n [C] 领地；领域：
domestic adj 家务的；家养的；本国的；国内的
dominate vi & vt 支配；控制；vt (山、塔等) 高出于；俯视
dragon n [C] 龙
drama n [C] (一出) 戏；戏剧性事件；[U] 戏剧；戏剧艺术；戏剧文学
dramatic adj 戏剧的；戏剧性的；给人印象深刻的
drought n [U] & [C] 干旱；旱灾
duration n [U] 持续；期间
E
ease
■ n [U] 舒适；悠闲；自在；容易；不费力
■ vi & vt 减轻；缓解；(使) 小心缓慢地移动
economic adj 经济 (学) 的；经济上的；有利可图的；合算的
efficient adj 有效率的；高效能的
elderly adj (人) 较老的；上了年纪的
election n [C] & [U] 选举；推选
element n [C] 要素；基本部分；(化学) 元素
elsewhere adv 在别处；到别处
embarrassed adj 尴尬的
emerge vi 浮现；出现；(问题等) 冒出；兴起
emotion n [C] & [U] 感情；情绪；激情
emphasis n [C] & [U] 强调；重视；重读；重音；加重语气
enable vt 使能够；使成为可能
encounter
■ vt 遇到 (问题等)；偶然碰到 (某人)
■ n [C] 相遇；邂逅
engage vt & vi (使) 参加；(使) 参与；vt 吸引 (住) ；vt 雇用；聘请
English
■ n [U] & [C] 英语；英文；[U] 英语学科； (the English) 英格兰人
■ adj 英语的；英格兰 (人) 的；英国 (人) 的
enhance vt 增强
enormous adj 巨大的；庞大的
ensure vt 确保；保证
entirely adv 全部地；完全地
entitle vt 给……取名 / 命名；使……有权利 / 资格
episode n [C] (电视连续剧或广播剧的) 一集
equator n [用单数，常用作the equator] 赤道
establish vt 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足；得到认可
essential adj 必不可少的；最重要的；本质的
establish vt 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足；得到认可
estate n [C] 庄园；种植园；[C] 房地产；上有大片建筑物的土地；[C] & [U] 个人全部财产 (尤指遗产)
estimate
■ vt 估计；估算；估价
■ n [C] 估计；估算；估价
eve n [C] (节日或重大事件的) 前夜；前夕
exactly adv 确切地；恰好；正是
exceptional adj 杰出的；罕见的
excited adj 兴奋的；激动的
exciting adj 令人兴奋的；使人激动的
expansion n [C] & [U] 扩大；扩张；扩充
exposure n [U] 暴露；显露；[U] 揭露；揭发
extend vt 伸开；展开；伸出；vt & vi (使) 延伸；(使) 延长；vt & vi (使) 扩大；(使) 扩展
external adj 外 (面) 的；外部的
extinction n [U] 灭绝；消亡
extremely adv 极其；非常
F
fabric n [U] & [C] 织物；织品；结构
facilitate vt 促进；使便利
facility n [C] [复数] 设施；设备; (用于某种活动、行业或服务的) 场所；建筑
factor n [C] 因素；要素
fashion n [U] & [C] (服饰等的) 流行式样；最新款式；[C] (谈吐、行为等的) 时尚；[U] 时装业
feature
■ n [C] 特征；特点；面貌的一部分 (指眼、口、鼻等)；面貌 (特征)；(报纸、电视等的) 特写；专题节目
■ vt 是……的特征；以……为特色；vi 起重要作用；占重要地位
finally adv 最后；最终
finding n [C] 发现；调查 / 研究结果
flavo(u)r n [C] & [U] 味道；风味；特点
formal adj 正式的；正式场合用的；正规的；形式 (上) 的
fortunately adv 幸运地；幸亏
foundation n [U] 创建；创办；[C] & [U] 基础；基本原则；根据；[C] 地基；房基；[C] 基金会
frank adj 坦白的；直率的
frequency n [U] & [C] 频繁；发生率
frequently adv 频繁地；经常地
frightened adj 受惊的；害怕的
fund
■ n [C] 基金；专款；[复数] 资金；基金会
■ vt 为……提供资金；资助
G
gap n [C] 缺口；间隔；差距；分歧
gender n [C] & [U] 性别
generate vt 产生；创造
genius n [U] 天才；天赋；[C] 天才人物
genuine adj 真 (实) 的；真诚的
global adj 全球的；全世界的；全面的；总体的
grab vt 抓住；(因忙碌而) 匆忙地吃 / 喝
gradually adv 逐渐地
grandparent n [C] (外) 祖父；(外) 祖母
greenhouse n [C] 温室；暖房
guideline n [C] 指导方针；指导原则
guy n [C] 男人；小伙子；家伙；伙计
H
habitat n [C] & [U] (动物) 栖息地；(植物) 生长地
harmonious adj 协调的；和谐的；和睦的
hence adv 因此；所以
highlight
■ vt 突出；强调；使醒目
■ n [C] 最精彩的场面 / 部分
highly adv 很；非常；高度地
hike
■ vi 徒步旅行
■ n [C] 徒步
historic adj [常用于名词前]历史上著名的；有历史意义的
household
■ n [C] 一家人；家庭
■ adj 家庭的；家用的
housing n [U] 住房；房屋
humble adj 谦卑的；地位低下的
I
ideal
■ adj 理想的；完美的
■ n [C] 理想；想象中的人 / 事物
identical adj 同一的；完全相同的
identify vt 认出；识别；确认；找出；表明……的身份
illustrate vt 给……作插图；(用示例、图画等) 说明；解释
image n [C] & [U] 影像；图像；形象；印象
impact n [U] & [C]撞击 (力)；冲击 (力)；影响；作用
imply vt 含有……的意思；暗示；暗指；说明；表明
incredible adj 难以置信的；无法相信的；极好的
individual
■ adj [只用于名词前] 单独的；个人的
■ n [C] 个人；个体；人
infection n [U] 传染；[C] 传染病
infer vt 推断
influential adj 有影响的；有势力的
initiative n [C] 倡议；[U] 主动性
inner adj 内部的；内心的
innovation n [C] 新观念 / 方法；[U] 创新；革新
input n [C] & [U] 投入 (时间、知识等)；(计算机) 输入
inquire vi & vt 询问；打听
insight n [C] 顿悟；[U] 洞察力；眼光
inspection n [U] & [C] 视察；检查
instance n [C] 例子；事例
integrate vi & vt (使) 结合；(使) 合并
integrity [U] 完整；完好；诚实；正直
intelligent adj 聪明的；有才智的；有智力的
intense adj 强烈的；激烈的
interaction n [C] & [U] 交流；互动；相互作用
internal adj 内部的；体内的；内心的
interpret vt 解释；阐述；vt & vi (口头) 翻译
intervention n [C] & [U] 干涉；干预；介入
investigate vt & vi 调查；侦查；调查研究
investment n [U] 投资；[C] 投资额；投资物
involve vt 包含；需要；涉及；影响；使参加
issue
■ n [C] 议题；争论的问题 (尤指社会或政治方面)；(令人担忧的) 问题；(报刊的) 号；版次
■ vt 公布；发布；(正式) 发给；供给
item n [C] (表格、目录、数据等的) 项目；细目；一件商品 / 物品；一条 / 一则 (新闻)
J
joint
■ n [C] 关节；接缝；接合处
■ adj [只用于名词前] 联合的；共同的
journal n [C] 日报；杂志；期刊；日志；日记
justify vt 证明…正当 / 有理；为……辩护；对……作出解释
K
kit n [C] & [U] 成套工具；成套设备
L
label
■ n [C] 标签；标记
■ vt 贴标签于；用标签标明
landscape n [C] 风景；风景画
landslide n [C] 塌方；滑坡；压倒的优胜 (尤指竞选中选票的一面倒)
laptop n [C] 笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
launch
■ vt 使 (船) 下水；发射；发动；创办；把……投放市场
■ n [C] [常用单数] 发射；(新产品的) 投放市场；(新书的) 发行
leadership n [U] 领导；领导力；领导
leisure n [U] 闲暇；业余时间
limited adj 有限的；不多的
literally adv 照字义；根据字面意思
living
■ adj 活的；活着的；在使用的
■ n [C] & [U] 生活；生计；[the living] 活着的人
loan n [C] 贷款；借款
location n [C] 地点；位置
log vt & vi 记录
logical adj (符合) 逻辑的；合乎情理的
lower
■ adj [low的比较级] 较低的；较下的；较低级的
■ vt 把……放低；把……降下；降低；减低 (价格、声音等)
lunar adj 月球的；以月球公转测度的
luxury n [U] 奢侈；奢华；[C] 奢侈品
M
maintain vt 保持；维持；维护；保养；坚持认为
massive adj 大而重的；大规模的；巨大的
mechanical adj 机械方面的；用机械的；机械似的
membership n [U] 会员身份；会员；会员数
military adj 军事的；军用的
minor adj 较小 / 少的；轻微的
missing adj 丢失的；失踪的；缺少的
mission n [C] 任务；使命；职责
mobile phone n [C] 移动电话；手机
mode n [C] 方式；运行方式；模式
monthly
■ adj 每月的；按月的
■ adv 每月；每月一次
■ n [C] 月刊
mood n [C] 心情；情绪；心境
moreover adv 再者；而且
mostly adv 主要地；多半
motion n [C] & [U] 动；运动；动作
motivate vt 使有动力；激发；激励
motive n [C] 动机；目的
mount n (缩写为Mt) 山；峰
multiple
■ adj 多个 (人 / 事件 / 物组成) 的
■ n [C] 倍数
muscle n [C] 肌肉；[U] 体力；力气
N
negative adj 否定的；负面的；消极的 ；(电) 负的；(医) 阴性的
nevertheless adv 然而；不过
O
objective
■ n [C] 目的；目标
■ adj 客观的
obviously adv 显而易见地
occasion n [C] (某事发生的) 时刻；场合；时机；机会；重大 / 特殊活动；盛会odd adj 奇怪的；怪异的；偶尔发生的；(一双或一套中) 不成对的
online
■ adj 在线的；联网的
■ adv 在网上
opponent n [C] 对手；反对者
opportunity n [C] & [U] 机会；时机
option n [C] & [U] 选择
organic adj 器官的；有机的；不使用化肥的
original
■ adj 最初的；原先的；原创的；原作的；新颖的；创新的；独特的
■ n [C] 原文；原作；原稿
overall
■ adj 全部的；全面的
■ adv 总共； 总的说来
overseas
■ adv 在国外；向海外
■ adj 海外的；国外的
P
panel n [C] 嵌板；镶板；专家咨询小组
passion n [C] & [U] 激情；热爱
peak
■ n [C] 山峰；山顶； 高峰；顶峰
■ adj 最高的；高峰的
■ vi 达到最高点；达到高峰
perceive vt 察觉；发觉；看待；理解
personality n [C] & [U]个性；人格
pessimistic adj 悲观的
phase n [C] 阶段；时期
philosophy n [U] 哲学；[C] 哲学体系；[U] & [C] 人生哲学；(生活、工作的) 准则
player n [C] 比赛者；选手；演员；演奏者；播放机
poetry n [U] 诗歌
polar adj 极地的；近极地的
pose
■ vi 摆好姿势；佯装：
■ n [C] 姿势；姿态；假装
precisely adv 精确地；确切地；恰好
prior adj 先前的；早前的
priority n [C] 优先事项； [U] 优先权
proceed vi 继续；继续做；继续进行
professional
■ adj 职业的；专业的
■ n [C] 专业人士；职业选手
profile n [C] 侧面 (像)；外形；轮廓；简介；概况
proof n [U] & [C] 证明；证据
property n [U] 财产；资产；(房)地产
proposal n [C] & [U] 建议；提议
prospect n [U] 可能性；预期；设想；[C] 前景；前途；[C]视野；景色
protein n [C] & [U] 蛋白质
protest
■ vi & vt 抗议；反对
■ n [C] & [U] 抗议；反对
pudding n [C] & [U] 布丁
pursue津 vt 追求；(继续) 从事；追赶；追捕
Q
qualify vt & vi (使) 具有资格；(使) 合格
quote
■ vt & vi 引用；援引
■ n [C] 引语；引文
R
rating n [C] 等级；级别
reaction n [U] & [C] 反应；作用
realistic adj 现实的；实际的；现实主义的；逼真的
recall vt 回忆；回想；召回；收回
recently adv 近来；最近
recognition n [U] 认出；识别；承认
recording n [U] 记录；录制；[C] 录制品
region n [C] 地区；地带；行政区; 范围；领域
release
■ vt 放开；松开；放出；排放；释放；首映 (电影)；发行 (CD、书等)；发布 (新闻等)
■ n [U] 放走；释放；排放；宣泄；[U] 发行；发布；[C] 发行的影片等；发布的新闻等
remarkable adj 非凡的；卓越的；引人注目的
resident n [C] 居民；住户
resistance n [U] 反抗；抵制
resolution n [C] & [U] 解决；决心
resolve vt 解决；vt & vi 决心；决定
resource n [C] 资源；物力；财力
respective adj 各自的
response n [C] & [U] 回答；反应
responsible adj 有责任的；尽责的；作为原由的
restore vt 恢复；修复
restrict vt 限制；约束
reveal vt 揭露；泄露
revise vi & vt 复习；温习；vt 修订；修正
romantic adj 浪漫的；传奇 (式) 的；浪漫主义的；不切实际的；虚构的
route n [C] & [U] 路线；路程；航线；途径
rural adj 农村的；乡村的
S
sample n [C] 样本；样品；试用品
saving n [C] 节约；节省物；[复数]储蓄金；存款
secondary adj 中等的；次要的；第二位的
series n [C] [单复数同] 一系列；连续
setting n [C] 环境；背景
shift
■ vi & vt (使) 转移；(使) 移动；vi & vt (使) 改变
■ n [C] 转移；转换；[C] 班；轮班；[U] (计算机) 转换 (键)
shortage n [C] & [U] 不足；缺乏；短缺
sign
■ n [C] 符号； 指示牌；标记；(头、手、眼等的) 示意动作；手势；[C] & [U] 迹象；征兆
■ vt & vi 签 (名)；签字 (于信、文件等)；示意；以手势表示
significant adj 重要的；重大的；显著的；(数量) 大的
site n [C] 地点；遗址；网站
slightly adv 略微；稍微
snack n [C] 小吃；点心
solution n [C] 解答；解决方法
solve vt 解决；解答
somewhat adv 稍微；有点
source n [C] 源头；发源地；来源；根源；原因；消息来源；原始资料
species [C] (动植物的)物种；种
stability [U] 稳定 (性)；固定 (性)
stimulate vt 刺激；激发；促进
stomachache n [U] & [C] 胃痛；腹痛
strategy n [C] 战略；策略
stretch
■ vt & vi (被) 拉长；伸；延
■ n [C] & [U] 伸长；延伸；伸展；连绵
structure n [C] & [U] 结构；构造；[C] 建筑物
stuff n [U] 东西；物品
subsequent adj 继……之后的；随后的
substance n [C] 物质；东西；[U] 事实基础；根据
substantial adj 大量的；多的
suburb n [C] [常用复数] 市郊；郊区
subway n [C] 地道；地铁
sufficient adj 足够的；充足的
sum
■ n [C] 算术；总数；总和；全部
■ sum up 总结；概括
surf vi & vt 冲浪
surgery n [U] 外科手术；[C] 诊所
survey
■ n [C] 调查；全面审视；测量；勘测
■ vt 调查；全面审视；测量；勘测
suspend vt 悬挂；暂停；中止
sustain vt 保持；维持
swimming n [U] 游泳
T
tackle vt 处理 / 对付 (难题)；抢断
territory n [C] & [U] 领土；版图；领地；(具有某种特性的) 地区；区域
thirsty adj 渴的； 缺水的；干旱的；渴求的；渴望的
threat n [C] & [U] 威胁；恐吓；[C] 构成威胁的人 / 事物；[U] & [C] 凶兆
threaten vt 威胁；恐吓；危及到；vt & vi 预示 (……的) 凶兆
tone n [C] 音调；语调；腔调；语气
U
ultimately adv 最后；最终
usually adv 通常
V
variation n [C] & [U] 变化；差别
vary vi (大小、形状等) 相异；不同；vi 变化；vt 改变
venue n [C] 举办地点；举行场地
virtual adj 几乎的；虚拟的
visible adj 看得见的；明显的
vision n [U] 视力 ；视觉；[C] 想象；幻象
volume n [C] 卷；册；[C] & [U] 体积；容积；(生产、交通等的) 量；[U] 音量；声量
W
warning n [C] & [U] 警告；告诫
weapon n [C] 武器；兵器
Wi-Fi n [U] 无线保真
wrap vt (用……) 包；裹；(用……) 缠绕；围住
writer n [C] 作者；作家英语基础概念：主句+从句=复合句
1有关概念
由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫做复合句。所谓主句，就是在复合句中起统领作用的句子，它是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；而从句则是复合句的一个句子成分，不能独立存在。如：
You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
The police learned that he wasn’t there at that time. 警察获知他那时不在场。
这两句都是复合句，第一句的主句是You’ll feel better，从句是after you take the pills，由after引导，在整个复合句中用作状语，表示时间；第二句的主句是The police learned是主句，that he wasn’t there at that time是从句，由that引导，在整个复合句中用作宾语。
注意，英语的复合句不是简单句的反面，不要将它误解为“复杂句”。事实上，英语的简单句有时也可以比较“复杂”，而复合句也可以比较“简单”。如：
He stopped because he was tired. 他停下来是因为他累了。
这个句子比较“简单”，却是一个典型的复合句，其中的he stopped是主句，because he was tired是从句，在复合句中用作状语，表示原因。
2从句的分类
前面我们说到从句是整个复合句的一个句子成分，它可以用作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。一般说来，一个从句在复合句充当什么成分我们就叫它为什么从句——从句在复合句用作主语，我们就叫它为主语从句；从句在复合句用作宾语，我们就叫它为宾语从句；从句在复合句用作状语，我们就叫它为状语从句；等等。
如：
He answered that he knew nothing about it. 他回答说他不知情。
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。
He was rather pleased when he won that prize. 他获奖后相当高兴。
She was not in the train that arrived just now. 她不在刚到的那列车上。
第一句中的that he knew nothing about it为宾语从句，因为它在复合句中用作动词answered的宾语；第二句中的that I have lost his address为表语从句，因为它在复合句中用在连系动词is后作表语；第三句中的when he won that prize为状语从句，因为它在复合句中用状语，表示时间，所以也叫时间状语从句；第四句中的that arrived just now为定语从句，因为它在复合句中用作定语，修饰名词the train。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：　
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age
A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句：
This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：
This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。
语法小知识：主将从现的标志词
主将从现是一种出现在状语从句中的语法现象，多指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时态，则从句要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。
因为主将从现出现在状语从句中，在这里我们就以状语从句的几个类别为根据来列举主将从现的标志性词语。
时间状语从句
when, whenever, since, till, once, as soon as, while, as, before, after
如：I will be a math teacher when I grow up.
条件状语从句
if, unless, as(so)long as
如：If I have extra money, I will pay the bill for you.
原因状语从句
because, since, as, for, now that
如：The tutor will leave here now that you have no problems.
让步状语从句
though, although, even if, even though, however
如：Though you have advantages in this match, I will not give up.
目的状语从句
in order that, so that, that
如：In order that Lily can get the prize, we will have a planin detail.
在条件状语从句中，如果主语是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。
一个句子的中心意思体现在主句中，所以判断是否使用主将从现首先要做的是区分主从句。当找到主句，分析其时态为一般将来时或借助某些结构表达将来含义时，则从句使用一般现在时态。
1.用“连词＋分词”来替代从句
当主句和从句的主语一致，谓语的时态又是同时段发生，可以把从句的主语省去，变谓语动词为现在分词或过去分词。如果分词的逻辑或时间意义不明确，还可以保留连词。
Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats.
客人们一边吃蛋糕、喝饮料以及享用其它的食品，一边却在一起聊天。
While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality.
虽然美国人谴责希特勒的暴行，但是他们却一惯奉行孤立政策和中立态度。
Plastics are materials which are softened by heat and set into lasting form when shaped in a mold.
注：如果从句的谓语是系动词be，在简化句型时应该把be动词改成being，但是由于being语义意义，所以可以省略，这样就造成了形容词作状语了。
These apples, when ripe, are picked.
这些苹果一旦熟了就要被摘下来。
She knows all the hazards of smoking while pregnant.
她知道怀孕时吸烟的一切危害性。
2. 用“介词＋分词”来替代从句
一般说来，用on和at表示“as soon as, once”。on后面常接“来、去”之类的词，at后面常接“听到、看到”之类的词。in后面接其他带动作的词，相对于从属连词“while”。
On removing them he was stunned to see that the plates were fogged where the crystals had covered them.
当他把晶体揭开时，发现盘子上方雾蒙蒙，他吃了一惊。
In running down the stairs, I heard the clock struck twelve.
我在跑下楼的时候，听见钟敲了十二下。
He jumped with joy at hearing the news.
他一听到这个消息就高兴得跳了起来。
3. 用“介词＋动作性名词”来替代从句
同上面一样，At基本上后接sound，sight“听到、看到”之类的词；on接“回来、到达”之类的词；用in，during表示“when, while”；用over表示“while”之意。当然，这一切都是相对的分类。
The little girl passed out at sight of a snake.
小女孩一看到蛇就昏过去了。
In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way.
当我们急急忙忙从这儿到那儿的时候，一路上什么也没有看见。
On arrival at the railway station, he found the train had already left.
当他到达火车站的时候，他发现火车已经开走了。
He had intended to go, but on second thoughts, he gave up the idea.
他本来想去，但进一步考虑后,打消了这个念头。
During my absence, would you please take care of my cat
在我不在的时候，请帮我照看一下猫，好吗？
He fell asleep over a book.
他看书的时候睡着了。
After reelection he announces that he will not help.
经过一番考虑后，他宣布将不提供任何帮助。
After graduation, he went to America for his PhD studies.
毕业之后，他去了美国攻读博士。
4. 用“并列句”代替
Two other poses were tried and I emerged from the booth to find a lot people waiting for my signatures.
又试了两个其他的姿势后，我从拍照亭里出来，发现很多人在那里等待我的签名。
名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的充当的成分和其名称相同，分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。上述这四种从句均被称为名词性从句。所有的名词性从句均不能用逗号分开，并且它们都用相同的关联词，关联词如下：
① 主从连词：that (无意义), whether (是否), if (是否)（在句子中不充当任何成分）
② 连接代词：who (谁), whom (谁), whose (谁的), what (什么), which (哪一个)
③ 连接副词：when (什么时候), where (什么地方), how (怎样), why (为什么)
主从连词只起连接作用，连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当从句某一个成分。另外，可以用whatever, whichever, whoever, who(m)ever等连接代词引导名词性从句，来加强语气。

（一）主语从句（subject clause）
在主句中用作主语的主谓结构称之为主语从句。
例如：
That he will come to the discussion is certain.他来参加讨论是确定的。
That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us.月球绕地球转动，这是我们大家都熟知的。
When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decide. 会议什么时候召开还没有决定。
主语从句放在句首，句子常常显得比较笨重，因此通常可以把it放在句首，作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。例如上面的句子可以分别改写为：
It is certain that he will come to the discussion.
It is well known to all of us that the moon moves round the earth.
It has not yet been decide when the meeting is to be held.

（二）宾语从句（object clause）
在主句中作谓语动词、介词及非谓语动词的宾语的主谓结构称之为宾语从句。
在引导宾语从句时，从属连词that在口语中和非正式文本中常省略。

（1）动词后的宾语从句
We know that a parrot can’t really speak.我们知道鹦鹉不会真的说话。
He wants to tell us what he thinks.他想告诉我们他所想的事情。
Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house.
知道要下雨了，于是他们决定在室内工作。(现在分词knowing的宾语从句)
I want to know whether/if you still work in the factory.
我想知道你是否还在工厂工作。（不定式to know的宾语从句）
The club will give whoever wins a prize. 获胜者俱乐部将颁奖。
Up to now we can’t say whether his theory can stand the test.
到目前为止我们还不能说他的理论是否经得住考验。
（2）形容词的宾语从句
有些形容词可以用that引导宾语从句，表示说话人对某一事物的态度并带有感彩。常见的这类形容词有：
afraid, amazed, astonished, aware, certain, confident, delighted, glad, grateful, happy, proud, sad, sorry, sure, surprised等。
I am glad that you have come. 你来了，我真高兴。
I am afraid that you are wrong on this point.恐怕你在这点上是错误的。
He is quite confident that he will pass the examination.他很有信心通过这个考试。

（三）表语从句（predicative clause）
在主句中担当表语的主谓结构称之为表语从句。
One idea is that fish is the best brain food.有一种看法认为鱼是最好的补脑食品。
The problem is where we can hold our meeting.问题是我们可以在哪儿举行会议。
My question is how information is stored in the long-term memory.我的问题是信息是怎样储存在长期记忆中的。
That is what he really wants.那就是他真想要的东西。
It seems that everything goes smoothly.似乎一切都进行得很顺利。
（四）同位语从句
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。
常见的先行名词有：
fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。如：
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.
I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
The news came that their team had won the championship.
名词性从句的用法及定义
1．that 引导主语从句时，that 没有意义，但不能省略。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白，这使她很不安。
that引导主语从句，it作形式主语，that不能省略。
That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 众所周知，她是个富有的女人。这是that 引导主语从句，that 不能省略。
这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。
2．从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分（包括宾语）较短的情况下。
例
①It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。
②It is important that he should come on time. 他按时来是很重要的。
③It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家，这是真的。这里，第一个that 引导主语从句，是单纯的连词，无词义，不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词，作句子成分，是man 的定语。
3．whether 既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句，但if不能引导主语从句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能与or not 连用。作介词宾语时不用if.如：
①Whether I knew John doesn’t matter. = It doesn’t matter whether I knew John. 我是否认识约翰没有关系。
②Whether or not she’ll come isn’t clear. = Whether she’ll come or not isn’t clear. = It isn’t clear whether …. 她是否来还不清楚。
③It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. 这是主语从句还是宾语从句？it 是形式主语吗？it 是代词，whether 引导的是宾语从句，作介词on 的宾语，不能用if引导。请翻译这句话。这完全取决于我们是否能得到他们的合作。
④I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 宾语从句，介词宾语，不能用if 引导。请翻译这句话。
⑤She asked me whether/if you were married. 宾语从句，既可以用whether, 又可以用if 引导。注意时态的对应。请翻译这句话。
⑥We haven’t decided whether/if we shall give them aid.
⑦I’m not sure whether/if the report is believable.
⑧Now let’s do some translation:现在还很难预测谁会赢得下一届总统选举。
⑨It is still hard to predict who will win the next presidential election.对于多数公民来说，谁当选总统无关紧要。
⑩Who will become the president doesn’t matter much to most citizens.这位前总统是否会被判处死刑还有待观察。
形式主语中名词性从句作真正主语的情况
与汉语习惯不同，英语习惯将较重要的信息放在句子后半段，为避免头重脚轻，就产生了一个逻辑主语it，同时也就产生了一种新的的语法现象——形式主语。
It +动词+从句
seem,appear,happen,look,matter,make,strike,occur
It appeared that he had a happy childhood.
看来他有一段幸福的童年。
It made us very happy that she was saved.
她能化险为夷令我们大家很高兴。
It is +形容词+从句
true,strange,necessary,important,certain,wonderful,possible,likely,probable
It is certain that free medical care will be given to mostpeople in our city. 我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗，这是一定的。
It is obvious that he has been treated.
很明显他已经被款待了。
It is +名词+从句
fact,surprise,pity,honor,common knowledge
It is common knowledge that the moon cannot give out light. 月亮不会发光，这是常识。
It is a surprise that you gave such an answer to the question. 你对这个问题作了这样的回答，令人吃惊。
It+be+分词+从句
said,reported,believed,known,decided,thought,expected,announced
It is said that Jack has been to Europe.
据说Jack去过欧洲。
It was reported that a new park will be built.
据报道将要建造一个新的公园。
需要注意的是，作为形式主语的it并无实际意义，只是为了满足语法上的需要，避免句子头重脚轻，它代替的是句子的逻辑主语，而真正主语由从句或不定式充当。形式主语一直都是高频考点，同学们需要多多练习。
从句：定语从句的简化规律
（一）改用“不定式”或“不定式短语”
如果定语从句的时态与主句的时态具有同时性（包括谓语有情态动词）或之后性，则可以用“关系代词或关系副词＋不定式”来简化，或直接用“不定式”来修饰先行词。
要注意的是，此时的不定式一定要是及物动词，如果是不及物，则需要在动词后面加上相应的介词，使之成为及物动词短语。这个结尾的介词可以提前到关系代词前面，也可以继续留在句尾。前者是正式说法，后者是非正式说法。
We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which they could play in.
我们搬到了乡下，好让孩子们有个花园在里面玩。
改为：
We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden in which to play.
或者：
We moved to the country so that the children would have a garden to play in.
（二）改用“介词短语”
介词短语替代定语从句有两种方式：（1）省略“关系副词＋主语＋be动词”，或“关系代词＋be动词”；（2）根据从句的意思改编。
We have never forgotten the days (when we were) at college.
我们从来没有忘记在大学对书的日子。
I don’t know the person (who is) in your office.
在你办公司的那个人我不认识。
He is not a person who likes to haggle over every ounce.
改为：
He is a person above personal interests.
他不是一个斤斤计较的人。
（三）改用“现在分词短语”和“过去分词短语”
“现在分词短语”作后置定语
此项要明白三点：
（1）“现在分词短语”与前面的名词一定是主谓关系；
（2）它隐含的时态为与谓语动词同一阶段的时态。例如：谓语是一般现在时或将来时，现在分词所隐含的是现在时、现在正在继续时；如果谓语动词为一般过去时或将来时，现在分词所隐含的时态为过去时、过去正在进行时；
（3）being＋-ed表示“正在进行时的被动语态”。如果信息的中心在什么时候可以用现在分词呢？
当被修饰的名词为“不定代词”、“泛指意义的名词”或“专有名词”，可用现在分句短语作后置定语由于主语是泛指，句子的意思往往表达的是一条“道理”或一件“事实”，所以它们的隐含时为“一般现在时”，此时就可以用分词短语作后置定语。为了看清分词所隐含的时态，配上定语。
为了大家看得明白，配上定语从句，把分词所替代的时间展示出来
Anyone touching that wire will get an electric stock.
任何人碰到那根电线就会触电。
＝ Anyone who touches that wire will get an electric stock.
The only real and lasting solution is to convince people that driving is a skilled taskrequiring （＝which requires） constant care and concentration.
唯一一个有效、持久的方法是说法人们相信，开车是一种技术活，需要不断的小心，思想不能开小差。
Charles and Sydney, looking （＝who look）so much like each other, are often considered to be twins.
查尔斯和悉尼两个人的相貌非常相似，经常被人误解为双胞胎。
注：虽然被修饰的词是泛指意义的词，但是如果从句里的时态不是同步，则不可以用“现在分词”去作后置定语，只能用“定语从句”。
Do you know anybody who has lost a dog
你知道有谁丢了一只猫？
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
→限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。
引导定语从句的关系代词有
who,whom,whose,which,that等。
who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。如：
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.
Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.
The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.
1)当先行词是
all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有
first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。如：
That is all that I've heard from him.
He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.
2)关系代词的省略
在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略。如：
This is one of those things with which we have to put up.
This is one of those things (which hat) we have to put up with.
3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。如：
Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.
No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.
*→非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。如：
Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.

*“介词+whichwhomwhose”引导的定语从句
“介词+whichwhomwhose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配。如：
This is the computer on which he spent all his savings.
It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.
*as引导的定语从句
as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。如：
These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)
As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语）
关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
　 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
　 There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
　 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　北京是我的出生地。
　 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer 　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
　 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
　 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
　 Is he the man who/that wants to see you
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
　 He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
　 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
　 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that
　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）
　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语）

状语从句
→地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.
Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.
→原因、结果和目的状语从句
1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。
Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.
2)引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that
,so that,that,so等。
Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.
3)引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。
We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.
→条件和让步状语从句
1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so) long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing) that,supposing等。
As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.
2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”。
No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.
Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)

→时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：
1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。
We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.
2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every) time,the moment,immediately(that)等。
As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.
The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.
状语从句常用引导词
时间状语从句
常用引导词：when、as、while、as soon as、before、after、since、till、until
特殊引导词：the minute、the moment、the second、every time、the day、immediately、directly、no sooner…than(一……就……)、hardly…when(刚一……就……)、scarcely…when(几乎没有…的时候)

地点状语从句
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever、anywhere、everywhere

原因状语从句
常用引导词：because、since、as、for
特殊引导词：seeing that、now that、in that、considering that、given that

结果状语从句
常用引导词：so…that、such…that
特殊引导词：such that、to the degree that、to the extent that、to such a degree that

目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that、such that
特殊引导词：to the degree that、to the extent that、to such a degree that、in order that

条件状语从句
常用引导词：if、unless、whether(whether…or not)
特殊引导词：as/so long as、only if、providing/provide that、supposing that、in case that、on condition that

让步状语从句
常用引导词：though、although、even if、even though
特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)、while(一般用在句首)、no matter…、in spite of the fact that、whatever、whoever、wherever、whenever、however、whichever

方式状语从句
常用引导词：as、as if、how
特殊引导词：the way

比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较)、than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more…the more…、just as…、so…、A to B is what/as C is to D、no…more than、not so much A as B
区分 that 与 what 引导的从句
一、引导主语从句
that与what都可引导主语从句，that在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。
如：
What he said at the meeting was very important．他在会上所说的非常重要。（宾语）
What surprised us is that he did it alone．使我们吃惊的是他一个人做了那项工作。（主语）
That he did it alone surprised us．他独自完成了那项工作使我们感到吃惊。（that用来引导主语从句，在句中不作成分）
二、引导宾语从句
that与what都可引导宾语从句，that在从句中不作句子成分，一般情况下可以省略，但当有两个以上的宾语从句时，只能省掉第一个that。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。如：
They stopped to see what was happening．他们停下来看发生了什么事情。（主语）
The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done．那个男孩子做的事情让老师很生气。（what在宾语从句中作宾语）
All the people believed that it was right to rescue the temple．所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。（that在宾语从句中不作句子成分且可省略）
We must believe that each one of us is able to do something well and that when we discover what this something is we must work hard at it until we succeed．我们必须相信，我们每一个人都能把某件事情办好；而且，当我们发现这事情是什么的时候，我们就必须努力干下去，直到成功为止。（第一个that可省略，第二个that不能省略）
三、引导表语从句
that与what都可引导表语从句，that在从句中不作句子成分，且不能省略；what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。如：
Mary is no longer what she used to be．玛丽不再是从前那样了。（what在表语从句中作表语）
The question is what we should do to prevent him from going．问题是我们怎样做才能阻止他去。（what在表语从句中作动词do的宾语）
The reason why he didn’t come today is that his mother is ill．他今天没来的原因是他母亲病了。（that只起连接作用）
四、引导同位语从句
that与what都可引导同位语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词，对所修饰的名词的具体内容进行详细阐述。这类名词有：
fact, idea, news, hope, belief, promise, thought, suggestion, proposal等。that在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。what 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略。如：
I have no idea what we should do next．我不知道我们下一步该做什么。（宾语）
He made a promise that he would study hard．他许诺要努力学习。(that只起连接作用)
The boy expressed his hope that he would be a pilot when he grows up．那个男孩儿表达了他长大后想当一名飞行员的愿望。（that只起连接作用）
五、引导定语从句
that可引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语或宾语，that既可指人也可指物。that在从句中作宾语时可省略。如：
This is one of the buildings that were built last year．这是去年建的楼房之一。（that在定语从句中作主语，指物，不能省略。）
The doctor that you met in the street yesterday came here 20 years ago．你昨天在街上遇到的那位医生二十年前就来到这里了。（that 在从句中作宾语，指人并可省略。）
注意：what不能引导定语从句。如不能说：
1．He did all what he could to save the patient．
2．All what he needs is more time．
应将句中的what改为that，或去掉what，还可以将以上两句中的all去掉，但两句的结构发生了根本的改变：句1中的what引导宾语从句，句2中的what引导主语从句。
六、引导状语从句
so．．．that, such ..．that, so that结构引导状语从句。what不能引导状语从句，但whatever, no matter what可引导让步状语从句。如：
Put the little plants in the shade so that the sun won’t burn them．请把幼苗放在阴凉处以免太阳晒枯它们。
Don’t believe him no matter what he says．无论他说什么，都不要相信他。A
A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。
A bad thing never dies. 遗臭万年。
A bad workman always blames his tools. 不会撑船怪河弯/人笨怪刀钝。
A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush. 一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。
A boaster and a liar are cousins-german. 吹牛与说谎本是同宗。
A bully is always a coward. 色厉内荏。
A burden of one’s choice is not felt. 爱挑的担子不嫌重。
A candle lights others and consumes itself. 蜡烛照亮别人，却毁灭了自己。
A cat has 9 lives. 猫有九条命。
A cat may look at a king. 人人平等。
A close mouth catches no flies. 病从口入。
A constant guest is never welcome. 常客令人厌。
Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
Adversity leads to prosperity. 穷则思变。
Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 逆境出人才。
A fair death honors the whole life. 死得其所，流芳百世。
A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
A fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改，本性难移。
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。
A friend is never known till a man has need. 需要之时方知友。
A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友。 ’
After you’ is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。
A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。
A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。
A good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever. 一本好书，相伴一生。
A good conscience is a soft pillow. 不做亏心事，不怕鬼叫门。
A good fame is better than a good face. 美名胜过美貌。
A good husband makes a good wife. 夫善则妻贤。 A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。
A good wife health is a man’s best wealth. 妻贤身体好是男人最大的财富。
A great talker is a great liar. 说大话者多谎言。
A hedge between keeps friendship green. 君子之交淡如水。
A joke never gains an enemy but loses a friend. 戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友。
A leopard cannot change its spots. 积习难改。
A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。
A light heart lives long. 静以修身。
A little body often harbors a great soul. 浓缩的都是精品。
A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。
A little pot is soon hot. 狗肚子盛不得四两油。
All are brave when the enemy flies. 敌人逃窜时，人人都成了勇士。
All good things come to an end. 天下没有不散的筵席。
All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。
All roads lead to rome. 条条大路通罗马。
All that ends well is well. 结果好，就一切都好。
All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是金子。
All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事总是由难而易。
All work and no play makes jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
A man becomes learned by asking questions. 不耻下问才能有学问。
A man can do no more than he can. 凡事都应量力而行。
A man cannot spin and reel at the same time. 一心不能二用。
A man is known by his friends. 什么人交什么朋友。
A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds. 光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺。
A man without money is no man at all. 一分钱难倒英雄汉。
A merry heart goes all the way. 心旷神怡，事事顺利。
A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里。
A mother’s love never changes. 母爱永恒。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。
A new broom sweeps clean. 新官上任三把火。
An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. 以眼还眼，以牙还牙。
An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨。
An old dog cannot learn new tricks. 老狗学不出新把戏。
An ounce of luck is better than a pound of wisdom. 聪明才智，不如运气。
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 预防为主，治疗为辅。
A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。
As a man sows, so he shall reap. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。
A snow year, a rich year. 瑞雪兆丰年。
A sound mind in a sound body. 健全的精神寓于健康的身体。
A still tongue makes a wise head. 寡言者智。
A stitch in time saves nine. 小洞不补，大洞吃苦。
A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe. 身正不怕影子斜。
A wise head makes a close mouth. 真人不露相，露相非真人。
A word spoken is past recalling. 一言既出，驷马难追。
A year’s plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。
A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 Bad news has wings. 好事不出门，坏事传千里。
B
Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。
Beauty lies in the love’s eyes. 情人眼里出西施。
Be swift to hear, slow to speak. 听宜敏捷，言宜缓行。
Better late than never. 不怕慢，单怕站。
Better to ask the way than go astray. 问路总比迷路好。
Between friends all is common. 朋友之间不分彼此。
Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。
Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。
Blood will have blood. 血债血偿。
Books and friends should be few but good. 读书如交友，应求少而精。
Business is business. 公事公办。
Business is the salt of life. 事业是人生的第一需要。
By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it. 读书使人充实，交谈使人精明。
C
Cannot see the wood for the trees. 一叶障目，不见泰山。
Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。
Caution is the parent of safety. 小心驶得万年船。
Cheats never prosper. 骗人发不了财。
Children are what the mothers are. 耳濡目染，身教言传。
Choose an author as you choose a friend. 择书如择友。
Come what may, heaven won’t fall. 做你的吧，天塌不下来。
Complacency is the enemy of study. 学习的敌人是自己的满足。
Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。
Constant dripping wears away a stone. 水滴石穿，绳锯木断。
Content is better than riches. 知足者常乐。
Count one’s chickens before they are hatched. 蛋未孵先数雏。
Courtesy on one side only lasts not long. 来而不往非礼也。
Creep before you walk. 循序渐进。
Cry for the moon. 海底捞月。
Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。
Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯，事事皆不难。
D
Diamond cuts diamond. 强中自有强中手。
Do as the romans do. 入乡随俗。
Do as you would be done by. 己所不欲，勿施于人。
Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。
Do it now. 机不可失，时不再来。
Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。
Don’t claim to know what you don’t know. 不要不懂装懂。 Don’t have too many irons in the fire. 不要揽事过多。
Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill. 不要小题大做。
Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事，今日毕。
Don’t put the cart before the horse. 不要本末倒置。
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。
Don’t try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs. 不要班门弄斧。
Do well and have well. 善有善报。
E
Each bird love to hear himself sing. 孤芳自赏。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。
Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。
Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆，去也匆匆。
Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。
Empty vessels make the greatest sound. 实磨无声空磨响，满瓶不动半瓶摇。
Envy has no holidays. 忌妒之人无宁日。
Even homer sometimes nods. 智者千虑，必有一失。
Even reckoning makes long friends. 亲兄弟，明算账。
Every advantage has its disadvantage. 有利必有弊。
Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责，等于没人负责。
Every day is not sunday. 好景不常在。
Every dog has his day. 谁都有得意的时候。
Every door may be shut, but death’s door. 人生在世，唯死难逃。
Every heart has its own sorrow. 各人有各人的苦恼。
Every little helps a mickle. 聚沙成塔，集腋成裘。
Every man for himself, and the devil takes the hindmost. 人不为己，天诛地灭。
Every man has his faults. 金无足赤，人无完人。
Every man has his hobbyhorse. 萝卜青菜，各有所爱。
Every man has his weak side. 人人都有弱点。
Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。
Every minute counts. 分秒必争。
Every mother’s child is handsome. 孩子是自己的好。
Every potter praises hit pot. 王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸。
Everything is good when new, but friends when old. 东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。
Example is better then percept. 说一遍，不如做一遍。 Experience is the father of wisdom and memory the mother. 经验是智慧之父，记忆是智慧之母。
Experience must be bought. 吃一堑，长一智。
F
Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
False friends are worse than bitter enemies. 明枪易躲，暗箭难防。
Far from eye, far from heart. 眼不见，心不烦。
Far water does not put out near fire. 远水救不了近火。
Faults are thick where love is thin. 一朝情意淡，样样不顺眼。
Fear always springs from ignorance. 恐惧源于无知。
Fields have eyes, and woods have ears. 隔墙有耳。
Fire and water have no mercy. 水火无情。
Fire is a good servant but a bad master. 火是一把双刃剑。
First come, first served. 先来后到。
First impressions are half the battle. 初次见面，印象最深。
First think and then speak. 先想后说。
Fools grow without watering. 朽木不可雕。
Fool’s haste is no speed. 欲速则不达。
Fools has fortune. 呆人有呆福。
Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools. 愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。
Forbidden fruit is sweet. 禁果格外香。
Fortune favors those who use their judgement. 机遇偏爱善断之人。
Fortune knocks once at least at every man’s gate. 风水轮流转。
Four eyes see more than two. 集思广益。
Friends agree best at distance. 朋友之间也会保持距离。
Friends are thieves of time. 朋友是时间的窃贼。
Friends must part. 再好的朋友也有分手的时候。
G
Genius is nothing but labor and diligence. 天才不过是勤奋而已。
Give a dog a bad name and hang him. 众口铄金，积毁销骨。
God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。
Gold will not buy anything. 黄金并非万能。
Good for good is natural, good for evil is manly. 以德报德是常理，以德报怨大丈夫。
Good health is over wealth. 健康是最大的财富。
Good medicine for health tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口利于病。
Good watch prevents misfortune. 谨慎消灾。
Great barkers are no biters. 好狗不挡道。
Great hopes make great man. 伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。
Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。
Great men have great faults. 英雄犯大错误。
Great men’s sons seldom do well. 富不过三代。
Great trees are good for nothing but shade. 大树底下好乘凉。
Great wits have short memories. 贵人多忘事。
Greedy folks have long arms. 心贪手长。
Guilty consciences make men cowards. 做贼心虚。
H
Habit cures habit. 心病还需心药医。
Handsome is he who does handsomely. 行为漂亮才算美。
Happiness takes no account of time. 欢乐不觉时光过。
Happy is he who owes nothing. 要想活得痛快，身上不能背债。
Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others. 吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。
Harm set, harm get. 害人害己。
Hasty love, soon cold. 一见钟情难维久。
Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。
Health is happiness. 健康就是幸福。
Hear all parties. 兼听则明。
Heaven never helps the man who will not act. 自己不动，叫天何用。
He is a fool that forgets himself. 愚者忘乎所以。
He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. 背后说好话，才是真朋友。
He is a wise man who speaks little. 聪明不是挂在嘴上。
He is lifeless that is faultless. 只有死人才不犯错误。
He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself. 正人先正己。
He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first. 自嘲者不会让人见笑。
He is wise that is honest. 诚实者最明智。
He knows most who speaks least. 大智若愚。
He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
He sets the fox to keep the geese. 引狼入室。
He that climbs high falls heavily. 爬得越高，摔得越重。
He that will not work shall not eat. 不劳动者不得食。
He who does not advance loses ground. 逆水行舟，不进则退。
He who makes constant complaint gets little compassion. 经常诉苦，没人同情。
He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 想不犯错误，就一事无成。
He who risks nothing gains nothing. 收获与风险并存。
History repeats itself. 历史往往重演。
Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。
Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。
I
I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too. 朋友不能阿谀奉承。
If a man deceives me once, shame on him, if he deceives me twice, shame on me. 上当一回头，再多就可耻。
If you make yourself an ass, don’t complain if people ride you. 人善被人欺，马善被人骑。
If your ears glow, someone is talking of you. 耳朵发烧，有人念叨。
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. 脚踏两条船，必定落空。
If you sell the cow, you sell her milk too. 杀鸡取卵。
If you venture nothing, you will have nothing. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
If you want knowledge, you must toil for it. 要想求知，就得吃苦。
Industry is the parent of success. 勤奋是成功之母。
It is better to die when life is a disgrace. 宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。
It is easier to get money than to keep it. 挣钱容易攒钱难。
It is easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛亮好当。
It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 创业容易守业难。
It is hard to please all. 众口难调。
It is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
It is the first step that costs troublesome. 万事开头难。
It is the unforeseen that always happens. 天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
It is too late to grieve when the chance is past. 坐失良机，后悔已迟。
It never rains but it pours. 不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。
It takes three generations to make a gentleman. 十年树木，百年树人。
J
Jack of all trades and master of none. 门门精通，样样稀松。 Judge not from appearances. 人不可貌相，海不可斗量。 Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
K
Keep good men company and you shall be of the number. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
Kill two birds with one stone. 一箭双雕。
Kings go mad, and the people suffer for it. 君王发狂，百姓遭殃。
Kings have long arms. 普天之下，莫非王土。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud. 博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。
L
Learn and live. 活着，为了学习。
Learning makes a good man better and ill man worse. 好人越学越好，坏人越学越坏。
Learn not and know not. 不学无术。
Learn to walk before you run. 先学走，再学跑。
Let bygones be bygones. 过去的就让它过去吧。
Let sleeping dogs lie. 别惹麻烦。
Let the cat out of the bag. 泄漏天机。
Lies can never changes fact. 谎言终究是谎言。
Lies have short legs. 谎言站不长。
Life is but a span. 人生苦短。
Life is half spent before we know what it is. 人过半生，方知天命。
Life is not all roses. 人生并不是康庄大道。
Life without a friend is death. 没有朋友，虽生犹死。
Like a rat in a hole. 瓮中之鳖。
Like author, like book. 文如其人。
Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。
Like for like. 一报还一报。
Like knows like. 惺惺相惜。
Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。
Like teacher, like pupil. 什么样的老师教什么样的学生。
Like tree, like fruit. 羊毛出在羊身上。
Little things amuse little minds. 小人无大志。
Look before you leap. 摸清情况再行动。
Lookers-on see more than players. 当局者迷，旁观者清。
Losers are always in the wrong. 胜者为王，败者为寇。
Lost time is never found again. 岁月既往，一去不回。
Love at first sight. 一见钟情。
Love cannot be compelled. 爱情不能强求。
Love is blind. 爱情是盲目的。
Love is full of trouble. 爱情充满烦恼。
Love is never without jealousy. 没有妒忌就没有爱情。
Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。
M
Make hay while the sun shines. 良机勿失。
Make your enemy your friend. 化敌为友。
Man is the soul of the universe. 人是万物之灵。
Man proposes, god disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。
Many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高。
Many heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。
Many things grow in the garden that were never sown there. 有心栽花花不发，无心插柳柳成荫。
Measure for measure. 针锋相对。
Misfortunes never come alone. 祸不单行。
Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends. 患难见真情。
Money isn’t everything. 钱不是万能的。
Murder will out. 纸包不住火。
My son is my son till he has got him a wife, but my daughter is my daughter all the days of her life. 儿子婚前是儿子，女儿终生是女儿。
N
Nature is the true law. 天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。
Necessity is the mother of invention. 需要是发明的动力。
Never fish in trouble water. 不要混水摸鱼。
Never judge from appearances. 不可以貌取人。
Never say die. 永不言败。
Never too old to learn, never too late to turn. 亡羊补牢，为时未晚。
New wine in old bottles. 旧瓶装新酒。
No cross, no crown. 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
No garden without its weeds. 没有不长草的园子。
No living man all things can. 世上没有万事通。
No man can do two things at once. 一心不可二用。
No man is born wise or learned. 没有生而知之者。 No man is content. 人心不足蛇吞象。
No man is wise at all times. 聪明一世，糊涂一时。
None are so blind as those who won’t see. 视而不见。
None are so deaf as those who won’t hear. 充耳不闻。
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
No one can call back yesterday. 昨日不会重现。
No pains, no gains. 没有付出就没有收获。
No pleasure without pain. 没有苦就没有乐。
No rose without a thorn. 没有不带刺的玫瑰。
No sweet without sweat. 先苦后甜。
No smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。
Nothing brave, nothing have. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
Nothing dries sooner than a tear. 眼泪干得最快。
Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. 世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
Nothing seek, nothing find. 没有追求就没有收获。
Nothing is so necessary for travelers as languages. 外出旅行，语言最要紧。
Nothing is to be got without pains but poverty. 世上唯有贫穷可以不劳而获。
Not to advance is to go back. 不进则退。
Not to know what happened before one was born is always to be a child. 不懂世故，幼稚可笑。
No way is impossible to courage. 勇者无惧。
O
Obedience is the first duty of a soldier.
军人以服从命令为天职。
Observation is the best teacher. 观察是最好的老师。
Offense is the best defense. 进攻是最好的防御。
Old friends and old wines are best. 陈酒味醇，老友情深。
Old sin makes new shame. 一失足成千古恨。
Once a man and twice a child. 一次老，两次小。
Once a thief, always a thief. 偷盗一次，做贼一世。
Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy. 一个和尚挑水喝，两个和尚抬水喝，三个和尚没水喝。
One cannot put back the clock. 时钟不能倒转。
One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays. 百闻不如一见。
One false move may lose the game. 一着不慎，满盘皆输。
One good turn deserves another. 行善积德。
One hour today is worth two tomorrow. 争分夺秒效率高。
One man’s fault is other man’s lesson. 前车之鉴。
One never loses anything by politeness. 讲礼貌不吃亏。
One swallow does not make a summer. 一燕不成夏。
One’s words reflect one’s thinking. 言为心声。
Out of debt, out of danger. 无债一身轻。
Out of office, out of danger. 无官一身轻。
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心为静。
P
Patience is the best remedy. 忍耐是良药。
Penny wise, pound foolish. 贪小便宜吃大亏。
Plain dealing is praised more than practiced. 正大光明者，说到的多，做到的少。
Please the eye and plague the heart. 贪图一时快活，必然留下隐祸。
Pleasure comes through toil. 苦尽甘来。
Pour water into a sieve. 竹篮子打水一场空。
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Praise is not pudding. 恭维话不能当饭吃。
Praise makes good men better, and bad men worse. 好人越夸越好，坏人越夸越糟。
Prefer loss to unjust gain. 宁可吃亏，不贪便宜。
Prevention is better than cure. 预防胜于治疗。
Pride goes before, and shame comes after. 骄傲使人落后。
Promise is debt. 一诺千金。
Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience. 谚语是日常经验的结晶。
Pull the chestnut out of fire. 火中取栗。
Put the cart before the horse. 本末倒置。
Put your shoulder to the wheel. 鼎力相助。
R
Reading enriches the mind. 开卷有益。
Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body. 读书健脑，运动强身。
Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you. 要人尊敬，必须自重。
Rome is not built in a day. 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
S
Saying is one thing and doing another. 言行不一。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Seek the truth from facts. 实事求是。
Send a wise man on an errand, and say nothing to him. 智者当差，不用交代。
Set a thief to catch a thief. 以贼捉贼。
Short accounts make long friends. 好朋友勤算账。
Something is better than nothing. 聊胜于无。
Soon learn, soon forgotten. 学得快，忘得快。
Soon ripe, soon rotten. 熟得快，烂得快。
Speech is silver, silence is gold. 能言是银，沉默是金。
Still water run deep. 静水常深。
Strike the iron while it is hot. 趁热打铁。
Success belongs to the persevering. 坚持就是胜利。
T
Take things as they come. 既来之，则安之。
Talking mends no holes. 空谈无补。
Talk of the devil and he will appear. 说曹*，曹*就到。
Tall trees catch much wind. 树大招风。
Teach others by your example. 躬亲示范。
The best hearts are always the bravest. 无私者无畏。
The best man stumbles. 伟人也有犯错时。
The cat shuts its eyes when stealing. 掩耳盗铃。
The danger past and god forgotten. 过河拆桥。
The darkest hour is nearest the dawn. 黎明前的黑暗。
The darkest place is under the candlestick. 烛台底下最暗。
The devil knows many things because he is old. 老马识途。
The devil sometimes speaks the truth. 魔鬼有时也会说真话。
The die is cast. 木已成舟。
The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
The end justifies the means. 只要目的正当，可以不择手段。
The end makes all equal. 死亡面前，人人平等。
The eye is bigger than the belly. 贪多嚼不烂。
The farthest way about is the nearest way home. 抄近路反而绕远路。
The finest diamond must be cut. 玉不琢，不成器。
The fire is the test of gold, adversity of strong man. 烈火验真金，艰难磨意志。
The first step is the only difficulty. 迈出第一步是最艰难的。
The fox knew too much, that’s how he lost his tail. 机关算尽太聪明，反误了卿卿性命。
The fox preys farthest from home. 兔子不吃窝边草。
The frog in the well knows nothing of the great ocean. 坐井观天。
The grass is greener on the other side. 这山望着那山高。
The greatest talkers are always least doers. 语言的巨人总是行动的矮子。
The higher up, the greater the fall. 爬得高，摔得惨。 The leopard cannot change its spots. 本性难移。
The more noble, the more humble. 人越高尚，越谦虚。
The more wit, the less courage. 初生牛犊不怕虎。
The outsider sees the most of the game. 旁观者清。
The pen is mightier than the sword. 笔能杀人。
The pot calls the kettle black. 五十步笑百步。
There are spots in the sun. 太阳也有黑点。
There are two sides to every question. 问题皆有两面。
There is a skeleton in the cupboard. 家家有本难念的经。
There is kindness to be found everywhere. 人间处处有温情。
There is no general rule without some exception. 任何法规均有例外。
There is no medicine against death. 没有长生不老药。
There is no place like home. 金窝银窝不如咱的狗窝。
There is no royal road to learning. 书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。
The style is the man. 字如其人。
The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts. 人言可畏。
The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up. 水能载舟，亦能覆舟。
The wise man knows he knows nothing, the fool thinks he knows all. 清者自清，浊者自浊。
The wolf has a winning game when the shepherds quarrel. 螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后。
The world is a ladder for some to go up and others to go down. 世界如阶梯，有人上有人下。
The world is but a little place, after all. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。
Think twice before you do. 三思而后行。 Things at the worst will mend. 否极泰来。
Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。
Time cures all things. 时间是医治一切创伤的良药。
Time flies. 光阴似箭。
Time is money. 时间就是金钱。
Time lost cannot be won again. 时光流逝，不可复得。
Time past cannot be called back again. 时间不能倒流。
Time tries all. 路遥知马力，日久见人心。
Tit for tat is fair play. 人不犯我，我不犯人；人若犯我，我必犯人。
To err is human. 人非圣贤，孰能无过。
To know everything is to know nothing. 什么都知道，一如什么都不知道。
To know oneself is true progress. 人贵有自知之明。
Tomorrow never comes. 我生待明日，万事成蹉跎。
Too much familiarity breeds contempt. 过分熟悉会使人互不服气。
Too much knowledge makes the head bald. 学问太多催人老。
Too much liberty spills all. 自由放任，一事无成。
Too much praise is a burden. 过多夸奖，反成负担。
To save time is to lengthen life. 节约时间就是延长生命。
Touch pitch, and you will be defiled. 常在河边走，哪有不湿鞋。
Troubles never come singly. 福无双至，祸不单行。
Truth never grows old. 真理永存。
Turn over a new leaf. 洗心革面，改过自新。
Two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it. 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。
Two heads are better than one. 一个好汉三个帮。
Two of a trade seldom agree. 同行是冤家。
Two wrongs do not make a right. 别人错了，不等于你对了。
U
Unity is strength. 团结就是力量。
Unpleasant advice is a good medicine. 忠言逆耳利于行。
Until all is over one’s ambition never dies. 不到黄河心不死。
V
Venture a small fish to catch a great one. 吃小亏占大便宜。
Virtue is fairer far than beauty. 美德远远胜过美貌。
W
Walls have ears. 小心隔墙有耳。
Wash your dirty linen at home. 家丑不可外扬。
Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away. 滴水穿石。
Wealth is nothing without health. 失去健康，钱再多也没用。
We know not what is good until we have lost it. 好东西，失去了才明白。
Well begun is half done. 好的开始，是成功的一半。
We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. 井干方知水可贵。
We shall never have friends if we expect to find them without fault. 欲求完美无缺的朋友必然成为孤家寡人。
We should never remember the benefits we have offered nor forget the favor received. 自己的好事别去提，别人的恩惠要铭记。
Wet behind the ears. 乳臭未干。
Whatever you do, do with all your might. 不管做什么，都要一心一意。
What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 儿时所学，终生难忘。
What’s done cannot be undone. 生米煮成熟饭了。
What’s lost is lost. 失者不可复得。
What we do willingly is easy. 愿者不难。
When in rome, do as the romans do. 入国问禁，入乡随俗。
When everybody’s somebody then nobody’s anybody. 人人都伟大，世间没豪杰。
When sorrow is asleep, wake it not. 伤心旧事别重提。
When sorrows come, they come not single spies, but in battalions. 新仇旧恨，齐上心头。
When the fox preaches, take care of your geese. 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，没安好心。
When wine is in truth, wit is out. 酒后吐真言。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
Where there is smoke, there is fire. 事出有因。
While the priest climbs a post, the devil climbs ten. 道高一尺，魔高一丈。
Who chatters to you, will chatter of you. 搬弄口舌者必是小人。
Whom the gods love die young. 好人不长命。
Wise man have their mouths in their hearts, fools have their hearts in their mouths. 智者嘴在心里，愚者心在嘴里。
Work makes the workman. 勤工出巧匠。
Y
You cannot burn the candle at both ends. 蜡烛不能两头点，精力不可过分耗。
You cannot eat your cake and have it. 鱼与熊掌，不可得兼。
You can take a horse to the water but you cannot make him drink. 强扭的瓜不甜。
You may know by a handful the whole sack. 由一斑可知全貌。
You never know what you can till you try. 是驴子是马，拉出来遛遛。

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