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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第6讲 词汇运用
题型概述
选词填空要求学生利用所给的12个词汇或 10词汇中(一般有名词，单词、代词，动词，形容词，副词，数词，冠词，介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还须掌握一定的解题技巧。
方法技巧
技巧一:
在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如:
名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
技巧二:
通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
技巧三:
在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
★对于名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如:match-matches,
friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如:sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous;
★对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-
to do，现在分词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth.
done...);
★对于形容词和副词，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，
还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如:interesting-more /the most interesting,
happy-happily, happy -happiness;
★对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法;
★对于数词,要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如:three-third,2/3-twothirds, one thousand/thousands of;
★对于冠词,只需要在a或an之间判别,如a girl/an old man;
★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜:空前空后要注意,“名词”单复数要牢记，还有's不能弃,“动词”注意要变形,“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
技巧四:
完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
[技巧归纳]
1.统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文
的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。
2.根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词
性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。
3.利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如
动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式;名词的数和所有格;代词的各种形式及单复数;形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。
4.复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入
文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容,读起来是否流畅,是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。
touch much enjoy expect without close shake abroad careful strange
There are many people who love travelling to different countries. But if you plan to go 1 , you should know how to behave (举止得体) in different situations around the world.
Many travelers 2 meeting new people. But sometimes you may be rude 3 saying anything. In Russia, you are not supposed to 4 hands in a doorway (门口). If you are travelling in Thailand, people don’t 5 people’s heads, even the child’s head that you like. When the Japanese meet 6 , they like giving business cards. You should read the card 7 . Don’t just put it in your bag.
In most European countries, people 8 a lot of eye contact (接触) when you talk to them. But in many Asian countries, its unfriendly to look at each other’s eyes when you talk. In South America, people usually stand quite 9 to each other when they talk. But in countries like the USA, you need to give people 10 personal space.
All in all, keeping all kinds of manners (礼仪) in mind may make your travel more enjoyable.
从方框中选出10个词，并用其正确形式使语篇正确（每词限用一次）。
burn, celebrate, drive, everyone, hunger mean, protect, throw, whether, what, who, wide
There are many different kinds of traditions to celebrate New Year around the world. Some are 11 known than others. Here are some examples.
Use bread to scare ghosts away.
People in Ireland will bang bread against doors and walls just before midnight to stay away from ghosts. Banging bread against the wall is also believed to bring harvests (丰收) and make sure that people won’t go 12 for the next 12 months.
Eat grapes to bring good lock.
Now Year in Spain is more commonly known as “Nochevieja”. 13 usually begin with a family dinner on New Year’s Eve. It’s a tradition to eat twelve grapes in the twelve seconds before New Year 14 for good luck in the coming year, one for each month.
Burn “old year” 15 away last year’s bad luck.
Now Year’s Eve is lighted brightly in Ecuador (厄瓜多尔) where paper dolls 16 in the street at midnight. It 17 that people leave behind everything that happened in the past year.
Dress up like a monster.
In small villages around Japan, young men dressed as the Namahage (生剥鬼) go door to door to scare lazy people. They also threaten (威胁) to take away 18 haves badly, but they will leave if the hosts treat them with something delicious. Scary figures are also believed to bring 19 from illness.
Open all the doors and windows
People in the Philippines open all the doors and windows just before midnight to let ghosts out and welcome good luck. Although people are not sure 20 it really works. they are pleased to follow the tradition.
Is this your first time to learn about the traditions above Feel surprised A lot of people have said sol
阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
amazing, pride, join, beautiful, off, our, celebrate, birthday, although, sing
Our National Day is celebrated on 1st October every year. This year is our country’s seventy fourth 21 . Before the day, we had all kinds of activities to celebrate it at school. First, we cleaned our classroom and the teachers’ offices. Then, we placed the national flags everywhere around the school. It seemed that the school was 22 than ever before. Finally, all the teachers and students gathered on the playground and 23 patriotic song (爱国歌曲) loudly, Song of Motherland. As the song sings, how grand the victory sounds! At that time, I was so 24 of our great country.
We had 7 days 25 this year, so no one needed to go to work or school. During the holiday, I had my own way to 26 it. On the first day, I watched the military (军事) parade with my family on TV. The next day, my friend and I went to the cinema to see the movie Me and My Country. It was such an 27 movie that we felt deeply moved. On the third day, I 28 in a volunteer activity called “Making the City more beautiful”. We did some cleaning in the street all day long and we also called on people to keep the city tidy. 29 we were tired, we were happy. It was a meaningful day for us. And the last four days, I took a trip to Beijing with my parents. It was crowded everywhere but we still enjoyed 30 during the trip.
Thanks to Chinese people’s hard work over the past seventy years, we are having a happy life now. I wish our great motherland will be stronger and stronger in the future.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
suggest before be difficult word exciting besides I what decide and however
I’ve noticed that communicating with my children was not easy. It could be my problem. I don’t always think carefully 31 I open my mouth to say something.
For example, my kids will tell 32 something that made them worried. Then, as soon as their words are over, I can’t help speaking with them like this:
“You should…”, “You need to consider…”, “Have you thought of…”
“Mum!” They usually stop me 33 leave silently.
I just want to go into them and 34 part of their lives. More importantly, I don’t want them to make some unnecessary mistakes. 35 , what they want is a listening ear and an open heart. I’m not alone in this. Many of my friends have had such an experience. One day a friend of mine told me that her son hardly listened to all her 36 . She was worried about him. And she also sked me 37 she should do to deal with it. “It’s like talking to a wall,” she continued.
In fact, kids are not asking for 38 or help. They may not even want an immediate way to solve a difficult problem. They just want to talk with someone who loves and supports them.
Because of this, I’ve 39 to become a better parent by being a better listener. Although it’s 40 for me to do that, I’m on the way. I’m trying to change myself.
选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次。(有两个多余的选项)
when, their, even, way, feel, behave, or, modern, relax, hours, speak, classical
Where did you go yesterday Did you hear music at any of these places Today most stores and restaurants play music. You might even hear music in an office 41 on a farm. Scientists believe that music influences (影响) the way people 42 . According to some scientists, the sound of western classical music (Mozart and Bach) makes people 43 richer. When a restaurant plays classical music, people spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays 44 music, people spend less money. With no background music, people spend 45 less. Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. People actually chew 46 food faster when the music gets faster. Some restaurants play fast music during their busy 47 . This gets people to eat faster and leave quickly. Restaurants can make more money this way. Some scientists think that makes you think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more alert. It is true that people learn better 48 they are relaxed. And listening to music can help you 49 . The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It might change the 50 you behave (行为).
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。
be silent way person new learn miss pronunciation one interest
Most Chinese students think English is difficult to learn.What do you think Here is some advice on 51 English.
When you learn a new word, don’t just memorize it. Instead, try to use it in the sentences. And use it as often as you can on the 52 day you learn it. You will remember the 53 word much more easily in this way.
Practicing sounds, you know it 54 difficult. Take the “th” sound for example: choose the words that begin with“th” and repeat them over and over again until you can 55 them well. Have a try!
Read, read and read! Don’t read 56 . Please read aloud. Reading is one of the best 57 to increase your vocabulary and improve your grammar. It’s important to choose the books that you are 58 in.
When a person is talking to you in English, listen to the 59 main points. If you hear a new word, ignore (忽略) it and go on listening. If you stop and think about the word, you will 60 everything else that the person is saying.
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
two they attention active express avoid wise useful but influence
When you have a conversation with classmates, you may feel free to say anything. 61 if you talk to your teachers or parents, it is really important to know how to be polite. For example, you can use 62 such as “Could you please… ” or “ May I ask… ”. Of course, you should also pay 63 to what the other is saying, that’s a sign of respect (尊重). What can you do to be a great listener Here is some advice to help you.
First, good listeners are 64 . They are always listening carefully to what the other person is saying. And they are thinking while they are listening.
65 , good listeners keep looking into the eyes of the speakers. As the speakers are talking, they want listeners to put 66 eyes on them. The speakers are usually saying something they consider to be meaningful. Eye contact (接触) can help listeners get their meaning quickly. It is 67 than only talking.
Third, good listeners are able to ask proper questions. If someone is talking to you about his trip, you may ask some questions 68 like “What was your favorite part of the trip ”. Then the person will think more highly of you and consider you a good listener.
Finally, good listeners 69 stopping the speakers. While listening, keeping silent is important. If the speaker 70 , he will feel unhappy. It can also make the speaker forget what he is saying.
Be a smart listener and enjoy better relationships with others!
请阅读下面短文，从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词只能使用一次，有两词为多余项，请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置。
call by since others convenient make all and face a student secret
Look at the sign on the right. Maybe we all know it’s WeChat and we 71 it “weixin” in Chinese.
WeChat is a mobile text and voice messaging communication service. It was developed 72 Tencent (腾讯) in China. It has been popular 73 2011.
Nowadays more and more people are using WeChat. We can share our feelings and show what we’re doing with 74 . In some ways, many people feel that they can’t live without it. It can make our lives more and more 75 . It’s really a new kind of way to communicate with others. People use it instead of 76 phone calls or sending text messages. It’s not only easy but also cheap.
However, it causes us many problems. For example, people use it 77 the time. Their eyesight gets worse 78 worse. And it also reduces chances to see each other. So we should spend less time on it and talk to each other face to 79 .
It is believed that WeChat is useful in our daily lives, but it must be used in 80 right way.
参考答案：
1．abroad 2．enjoy 3．without 4．shake 5．touch 6．strangers 7．carefully 8．expect 9．close 10．more
【导语】本文主要讲述了去其它国家旅行时应该注意的一些礼仪。
1．句意：但是如果你计划出国，你应该知道在世界各地不同的情况下如何表现。根据“travelling to different countries”及空前go可知，应表达出国，go abroad“去国外”，固定搭配。故填abroad。
2．句意：许多旅行者喜欢结识新朋友。根据“Many travelers...meeting new people.”及所给单词可知，空处应表达喜欢结识新朋友，enjoy“喜欢”，时态为一般现在时，主语travelers为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填enjoy。
3．句意：但有时你可能什么也不说就很粗鲁。空后为动名词saying，根据所给单词可知，空处应用介词without，表示没有。故填without。
4．句意：在俄罗斯，你不应该在门口握手。根据hands可知，应表示握手，shake“握”，be supposed to do sth“应该做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填shake。
5．句意：如果你在泰国旅行，人们不会碰别人的头，即使是你喜欢的孩子的头。根据“people don’t...people’s heads”及所给单词可知，应表达碰头，touch“碰”，助动词don’t后面用动词原形。故填touch。
6．句意：当日本人遇到陌生人时，他们喜欢递名片。根据“they like giving business cards”及所给单词可知，应表达遇到陌生人，空处应用strange对应的名词stranger“陌生人”，可数名词，空处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填strangers。
7．句意：你应该仔细阅读名片。根据“Don’t just put it in your bag.”及所给单词可知，应表达仔细阅读，careful“仔细的”，形容词，空处修饰动词read，用副词形式。故填carefully。
8．句意：在大多数欧洲国家，当你和他们交谈时人们希望有很多眼神交流。根据“people...a lot of eye contact”及所给单词可知，应表达人们希望有很多眼神交流，expect“希望”，时态为一般现在时，主语people为不可数名词，谓语动词用原形。故填expect。
9．句意：在南美洲，人们说话时通常彼此站得很近。根据“stand quite...to each other”及所给单词可知，应表达站得很近，close“近的”，空前副词quite修饰，用形容词。故填close。
10．句意：但是在像美国这样的国家，你需要给人们更多的个人空间。根据“you need to give people...personal space.”及所给单词可知，应表达更多的私人空间，much“多”，空处应用比较级形式more与前面作比较。故填more。
11．more widely 12．hungry 13．Celebrations 14．drives 15．to burn 16．are thrown 17．means 18．everyone’s 19．protection 20．whether
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地庆祝新年的不同传统习俗。
11．句意：有些传统比其他传统更广为人知。根据“than”可知要用比较级，known是动词know的过去分词，要用副词来修饰，此处表示“更广泛地”，wide的副词形式是widely，其比较级是more widely，故填more widely。
12．句意：人们相信用面包敲墙还能确保人们在接下来的12个月里不会挨饿。根据“Use bread to scare ghosts away”可知，要赶走饥饿，go是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，hunger的形容词形式是hungry，表示“饥饿的”，故填hungry。
13．句意：庆祝活动通常在新年前夜的家庭晚餐开始。句子缺少主语，这里指的是庆祝新年的活动，celebrate的名词形式是celebration，且要用复数形式celebrations表泛指，句首单词首字母大写，故填Celebrations。
14．句意：在新年到来的前12秒吃12颗葡萄以求来年好运，每个月一颗，这是一个传统。句子缺少谓语动词，这里表示“新年到来”，drive有“驱使，推动”的意思，这里用一般现在时，New Year是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式drives，故填drives。
15．句意：烧掉“旧年”以烧掉去年的厄运。根据“Burn ‘old year’”可知，这里是烧掉厄运，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，burn“焚烧”的动词不定式形式是to burn，故填to burn。
16．句意：在厄瓜多尔，新年前夜灯火通明，午夜时分纸娃娃被扔在街上。句子描述的是纸娃娃被扔在街上，要用被动语态，throw“扔”的过去分词是thrown，主语paper dolls是复数，be动词用are，故填are thrown。
17．句意：这意味着人们把过去一年发生的一切都抛在脑后。句子缺少谓语动词，此处表示“这意味着人们把过去一年发生的一切都抛在脑后”，结合备选单词可知，mean有“意味着”的意思，这里用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
18．句意：他们还威胁要把每个人的财产都拿走，但如果主人用美味的东西招待他们，他们就会离开。这里需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰haves，表示“每个人的财产”，结合备选单词可知，everyone的形容词性物主代词是everyone’s，表示“每个人的”，故填everyone’s。
19．句意：可怕的形象也被认为能带来疾病的保护。根据“Scary figures are also believed to bring…from illness.”可知，此处表示“带来保护”，结合备选单词可知，bring是动词，后面接名词作宾语，protect的名词形式是protection，表示“保护”，故填protection。
20．句意：尽管人们不确定它是否真的有效，但他们很高兴遵循这个传统。这里表示“是否”，结合备选单词可知，用whether“是否”引导宾语从句，故填whether。
21．birthday 22．more beautiful 23．sang 24．proud 25．off 26．celebrate 27．amazing 28．joined 29．Although 30．ourselves
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者是如何度过国庆节的。
21．句意：今年是我们国家的74岁生日。根据“Our National Day is celebrated on 1st October every year.”可知，国庆节是祖国的生日，birthday“生日”，符合语境。故填birthday。
22．句意：学校似乎比以前更漂亮了。根据“First, we cleaned our classroom and the teachers’ offices. Then, we placed the national flags everywhere around the school.”可知，学校经过清扫和悬挂国旗应是变得比以往更漂亮，beautiful“漂亮的”，根据“than”可知，此处应用beautiful的比较级more beautiful。故填more beautiful。
23．句意：最后，全体师生聚集在操场上，高声歌唱爱国歌曲《歌唱祖国》。根据“…a patriotic song (爱国歌曲) loudly”可知，此处指唱歌；sing“唱”，动词；时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式sang。故填sang。
24．句意：那时，我为我们伟大的国家感到骄傲。be proud of“为……感到骄傲”，形容词短语。故填proud。
25．句意：今年我们有7天的假期，所以没有人需要去上班或上学。根据“We had 7 days…this year”可知，“have+一段时间+off”表示“休假多长时间”。故填off。
26．句意：假期期间，我有自己庆祝的方式。根据下文“On the first day, I watched the military (军事) parade with my family on TV.”可知，此处作者介绍自己庆祝国庆节的方式，celebrate“庆祝”，动词不定式作定语修饰名词way。故填celebrate。
27．句意：它是一部如此令人惊叹的电影，以至于我们深受感动。根据“we felt deeply moved”可知，电影让人深受感动，可见这是一部令人惊叹的电影，根据“an”可知，此处应用amazing表示“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。
28．句意：第三天，我参加了一个名叫“让城市更美丽”的志愿者活动。根据“in a volunteer activity”可知此处用join in表示“参加”，根据上下文语境，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填joined。
29．句意：尽管我们很累，但我们很开心。根据“we were tired, we were happy.”可知，此处应用although引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Although。
30．句意：到处都很拥挤，但我们在旅途中还是玩得很尽兴。enjoy oneself“玩得高兴，玩得尽兴”，主语为we，反身代词应用ourselves。故填ourselves。
31．before 32．me 33．and 34．be 35．However 36．words 37．what 38．suggestions 39．decided 40．difficult
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者认识到自己和孩子沟通的一些问题，逐渐意识到自己需要扮好一个倾听者的角色。
31．句意：在我开口说话之前，我总是不会仔细思考。根据“…I open my mouth to say something.”及第三段的举例，可知此处指的是在我开口说话之前没有仔细思考。故填before。
32．句意：例如，我的孩子们会告诉我一些让他们担心的事情。根据“my kids”可知此处应指我的孩子们会告诉“我”，在动词“tell”后用宾格。故填me。
33．句意：“妈妈！” 他们通常会阻止我并默默离开。根据“They usually stop me…leave silently.”可知前后是递进关系，此处填and表递进。故填and。
34．句意：我只是想走进他们，成为他们生活的一部分。根据“and”可知前后动词形式应保持一致，空处应填动词原形；短语be part of意为“成为其中的一部分”，故填be。
35．句意：然而，他们想要的是倾听的耳朵和开放的心。根据前后句可知，此处表转折，且空后有逗号，填however符合语境，置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。
36．句意：有一天，我的一位朋友告诉我，她的儿子几乎不听她说的话。根据“listened to”及语境可知，此处指的是不听她说的话，表泛指，应填word的复数形式words。故填words。
37．句意：她还问我她应该做什么来处理这件事。根据“she should do”可知宾语从句中缺少宾语，用what来引导，指的是她应该做什么。故填what。
38．句意：事实上，孩子们并不是在寻求建议或帮助。根据“or help”可知此处应填名词，由“They may not even want an immediate way to solve a difficult problem.”及备选词可知，此处填suggest的名词suggestion“建议”符合语境，此处表泛指，故填其复数形式。故填suggestions。
39．句意：正因为如此，我决定通过成为更好的倾听者来成为更好的父母。根据“I’ve”可知空处应填动词的过去分词，结合“to become a better parent by being a better listener.”可知此处可填decide的过去分词decided，构成decideddto do sth“决定做某事”。故填decided。
40．句意：虽然这对我来说很难，但我已经在路上了。根据“Although it’s…for me to do that”可知是it的固定句型，考查应填形容词；结合“…I’m on the way. I’m trying to change myself.”可知此处填difficult“困难的”符合语境。故填difficult。
41．or 42．behave 43．feel 44．modern 45．even 46．their 47．hours 48．when 49．relax 50．way
【导语】本文主要阐述了音乐会影响人们行为方式的观点。
41．句意：你甚至可以在办公室或农场听到音乐。设空处表示office与farm之间的选择关系，or“或者”符合语境。故填or。
42．句意：科学家认为音乐可以影响人们的行为方式。根据“According to some scientists, the sound of western classical musi...Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster.”可知，下文讲述了音乐对人们行为的影响。behave“行为”，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为复数形式，所以动词用原形。故填behave。
43．句意：据一些科学家称，西方古典音乐 (莫扎特和巴赫) 的声音使人感觉更富有。本句介绍古典音乐给人的感受，feel“感觉”符合语境，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，所以此处填写动词原形。故填feel。
44．句意：当饭店播放现代音乐时，人们会花较少的钱。此处介绍另一种音乐形式，备选词汇modern“现代的”符合语境，形容词作定语。故填modern。
45．句意：如果没有背景音乐，人们花的钱就更少了。设空处修饰比较级，even“甚至”符合语境。故填even。
46．句意：音乐越快，人们咀嚼食物的速度就越快。设空处作定语修饰food，应填写形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
47．句意：一些餐馆在繁忙时播放快节奏的音乐。根据“Some restaurants play fast music during their busy...This gets people to eat faster and leave quickly.”可知，此处指饭店繁忙的时段，hours“时间”，复数形式表泛指。故填hours。
48．句意：的确，人们放松时学得更好。设空处引导时间状语从句，when“当……时”符合语境。故填when。
49．句意：听音乐可以帮助你放松。本句指音乐带给人的感受，relax“放松”符合语境，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处填写动词原形。故填relax。
50．句意：这可能会改变你的行为方式。根据“music influences the way people...”及全文内容可知，音乐会改变个人的行为。way“方式”，此处特指个人的行为方式，所以填写其单数形式。故填way。
51．learning 52．first 53．new 54．is 55．pronounce 56．silently 57．ways 58．interested 59．person’s 60．miss
【导语】本文就如何学英语提出了建议。
51．句意：这儿有一些有关学习英语的一些建议。根据“Most Chinese students think English is difficult to learn.”以及“Here is some advice on...”可知，空处指学习英语的建议，备选词“learn学习”符合，介词on后跟动名词。故填learning。
52．句意：在你学习的第一天，尽可能多地使用它。根据“And use it as often as you can on the…day you learn it”及备选词可知，在第一天学习时就多用它，空处需one对应的序数词first。故填first。
53．句意：通过这种方式你能更容易记住这个新单词。根据“When you learn a new word”可知，空处指记住“新”单词，备选词“new新的”符合，修饰名词word。故填new。
54．句意：练习发音，你知道这很难。此处是个宾语从句，从句用主系表结构，主语是it，此空应填系动词is，故填is。
55．句意：以“th”音为例：选择以“th”开头的单词，一遍又一遍地重复，直到你能发音发得很好。根据“repeat them over and over again until you can...”及备选词可知，空处指“发音”，备选词“pronunciation发音”符合，空处需动词pronounce，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填pronounce。
56．句意：不要默读。根据“Please read aloud.”可知，请大声读，而不是默读，备选词“silent沉默的”符合句意，空处需副词silently来修饰动词read。故填silently。
57．句意：阅读是增加词汇量和提高语法的最佳方法之一。根据“...one of the best...to increase your vocabulary and improve your grammar.”可知，读是增加词汇量和提高语法的最佳方法之一。备选词“way方式”符合，one of the+最高级+名词复数，为固定用法，故空处需复数形式。故填ways。
58．句意：选择你感兴趣的书很重要。根据“choose the books you are...in”及备选词可知，选择感兴趣的书，be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定搭配，故填interested。
59．句意：当一个人用英语与你交谈时，听这个人讲话的重点。根据“When a person is talking to you in English, listen to the...main points.”及备选词可知，空处指“这个人的”，备选词“person人”符合，此处需名词所有格来修饰名词points，person的名词所有格为person’s。故填person’s。
60．句意：如果你停下来想一想这个词，你会错过对方说的其他东西。根据“If you stop and think about the word, you will...something else that the person is saying”及备选词可知，会错过其他的东西，备选词“miss错过”符合，will后跟动词原形。故填miss。
61．But 62．expressions 63．attention 64．active 65．Second 66．their 67．more useful 68．wisely 69．avoid 70．is influenced
【导语】本文讲述了在不同场合下进行对话的技巧。
61．句意：但是如果你和老师或父母交谈时，了解如何礼貌地交流非常重要。后句和前面是转折关系，应用but连接。故填But。
62．句意：例如，你可以使用“Could you please…”或“May I ask…”这样的表达。根据“Could you please… ”可知，这是一种说话表达，应用名词expression，名词应用复数形式。故填expressions。
63．句意：当然，你还应该注意对方说的话，这是一种尊重的表现。pay attention to表示“注意，关注”，为固定短语。故填attention。
64．句意：首先，好的听众是很积极的。空处应填形容词作表语，结合“They are always listening carefully to what the other person is saying.”和选词可知，好的听众是很积极的，active符合语境。故填active。
65．句意：其次，好的听众会一直注视着说话者的眼睛。根据上文“First”和下文“Third”可知，这里是第二点，应用second。故填Second。
66． 句意：当说话者讲话时，他们希望听众会将目光放在他们身上。根据“they want listeners”可知，指的是听众的眼睛，应用形容词性物主代词their修饰。故填their。
67．句意：眼神交流比仅仅说话更有用。根据“than”可知，空处应用形容词比较级。结合选词可知，more useful“更有用”符合语境。故填more useful。
68．句意：如果有人在跟你谈论他的旅行，你可以睿智地问一些问题。空处需要用副词修饰动词，结合“you may ask some questions”和选词可知，指的是聪明地问一些问题，应用副词wisely。故填wisely。
69． 句意：最后，好的听众避免打断说话者。根据“While listening, keeping silent is important.”可知，听的时候避免打断别人说话，avoid“避免”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填avoid。
70．句意：如果说话者被影响，他会感到不高兴。根据“While listening, keeping silent is important.”和“he will feel unhappy”可知，如果你说话打断说话者会让他不开心。结合选词可知，influence“影响”符合语境，和主语之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，主语是三单，be动词用is。故填is influenced。
71．call 72．by 73．since 74．others 75．convenient 76．making 77．all 78．and 79．face 80．a
【导语】本文主要分析了微信使用的优点和缺点，提醒人们正确使用微信。
71．句意：也许我们都知道这是微信，中文叫作“微信”。根据“ we…‘weixin’ in Chinese”可知，此处表达中文是“微信”，结合备选词可知call“称呼”，动词作谓语，故填call。
72．句意：它是由腾讯在中国开发的。根据“It was developed...”以及结合备选词可知，developed by“由……开发”，故填by。
73．句意：它从2011年就很流行。根据“It has been popular”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结合备选词可知，“since+过去时间点”用于现在完成时，故填since。
74．句意：我们可以分享我们的感受，展示我们正在和别人做什么。根据“show what we’re doing with”可知，此处表达展示我们正在和别人做什么，with后接代词或名词，结合备选词others“别人”符合题意，故填others。
75．句意：它可以使我们的生活越来越便利。根据“It can make our lives more and more”可知，空处缺少形容词修饰our lives，结合备选词convenient“便利的”符合题意，故填convenient。
76．句意：人们用它来代替打电话和发短信。根据“...phone calls or sending text messages”和结合备选词可知，此处表达打电话，make phone calls“打电话”，介词后应用动名词形式，故填making。
77．句意：例如，人们一直都在使用它。结合备选词可知all the time“一直”符合题意，故填all。
78．句意：他们的视力越来越差。结合备选词可知，“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”，符合题意，故填and。
79．句意：所以我们应该少花点时间在这上面，面对面地交谈。结合备选词可知face to face“面对面”，符合题意，故填face。
80．句意：人们相信微信在我们的日常生活中是有用的，但是它必须被正确的使用。结合备选词可知in a right way“用正确的方式”，故填a。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第6讲 词汇运用
题型概述
选词填空要求学生利用所给的12个词汇或 10词汇中(一般有名词，单词、代词，动词，形容词，副词，数词，冠词，介词和连词等)补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还须掌握一定的解题技巧。
方法技巧
技巧一:
在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如:
名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
技巧二:
通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
技巧三:
在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
★对于名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如:match-matches,
friend-friend's/friends'。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如:sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangerous;
★对于动词，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-
to do，现在分词-doing，过去分词-done，固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth.
done...);
★对于形容词和副词，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换，是否需要变成比较级或最高级，
还有以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如:interesting-more /the most interesting,
happy-happily, happy -happiness;
★对于代词，注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法;
★对于数词,要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如:three-third,2/3-twothirds, one thousand/thousands of;
★对于冠词,只需要在a或an之间判别,如a girl/an old man;
★对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜:空前空后要注意,“名词”单复数要牢记，还有's不能弃,“动词”注意要变形,“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
技巧四:
完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
[技巧归纳]
1.统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文
的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。
2.根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词
性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。
3.利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如
动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing形式;名词的数和所有格;代词的各种形式及单复数;形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。
4.复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入
文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容,读起来是否流畅,是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。
touch much enjoy expect without close shake abroad careful strange
There are many people who love travelling to different countries. But if you plan to go 1 , you should know how to behave (举止得体) in different situations around the world.
Many travelers 2 meeting new people. But sometimes you may be rude 3 saying anything. In Russia, you are not supposed to 4 hands in a doorway (门口). If you are travelling in Thailand, people don’t 5 people’s heads, even the child’s head that you like. When the Japanese meet 6 , they like giving business cards. You should read the card 7 . Don’t just put it in your bag.
In most European countries, people 8 a lot of eye contact (接触) when you talk to them. But in many Asian countries, its unfriendly to look at each other’s eyes when you talk. In South America, people usually stand quite 9 to each other when they talk. But in countries like the USA, you need to give people 10 personal space.
All in all, keeping all kinds of manners (礼仪) in mind may make your travel more enjoyable.
从方框中选出10个词，并用其正确形式使语篇正确（每词限用一次）。
burn, celebrate, drive, everyone, hunger mean, protect, throw, whether, what, who, wide
There are many different kinds of traditions to celebrate New Year around the world. Some are 11 known than others. Here are some examples.
Use bread to scare ghosts away.
People in Ireland will bang bread against doors and walls just before midnight to stay away from ghosts. Banging bread against the wall is also believed to bring harvests (丰收) and make sure that people won’t go 12 for the next 12 months.
Eat grapes to bring good lock.
Now Year in Spain is more commonly known as “Nochevieja”. 13 usually begin with a family dinner on New Year’s Eve. It’s a tradition to eat twelve grapes in the twelve seconds before New Year 14 for good luck in the coming year, one for each month.
Burn “old year” 15 away last year’s bad luck.
Now Year’s Eve is lighted brightly in Ecuador (厄瓜多尔) where paper dolls 16 in the street at midnight. It 17 that people leave behind everything that happened in the past year.
Dress up like a monster.
In small villages around Japan, young men dressed as the Namahage (生剥鬼) go door to door to scare lazy people. They also threaten (威胁) to take away 18 haves badly, but they will leave if the hosts treat them with something delicious. Scary figures are also believed to bring 19 from illness.
Open all the doors and windows
People in the Philippines open all the doors and windows just before midnight to let ghosts out and welcome good luck. Although people are not sure 20 it really works. they are pleased to follow the tradition.
Is this your first time to learn about the traditions above Feel surprised A lot of people have said sol
阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。
amazing, pride, join, beautiful, off, our, celebrate, birthday, although, sing
Our National Day is celebrated on 1st October every year. This year is our country’s seventy fourth 21 . Before the day, we had all kinds of activities to celebrate it at school. First, we cleaned our classroom and the teachers’ offices. Then, we placed the national flags everywhere around the school. It seemed that the school was 22 than ever before. Finally, all the teachers and students gathered on the playground and 23 patriotic song (爱国歌曲) loudly, Song of Motherland. As the song sings, how grand the victory sounds! At that time, I was so 24 of our great country.
We had 7 days 25 this year, so no one needed to go to work or school. During the holiday, I had my own way to 26 it. On the first day, I watched the military (军事) parade with my family on TV. The next day, my friend and I went to the cinema to see the movie Me and My Country. It was such an 27 movie that we felt deeply moved. On the third day, I 28 in a volunteer activity called “Making the City more beautiful”. We did some cleaning in the street all day long and we also called on people to keep the city tidy. 29 we were tired, we were happy. It was a meaningful day for us. And the last four days, I took a trip to Beijing with my parents. It was crowded everywhere but we still enjoyed 30 during the trip.
Thanks to Chinese people’s hard work over the past seventy years, we are having a happy life now. I wish our great motherland will be stronger and stronger in the future.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
suggest before be difficult word exciting besides I what decide and however
I’ve noticed that communicating with my children was not easy. It could be my problem. I don’t always think carefully 31 I open my mouth to say something.
For example, my kids will tell 32 something that made them worried. Then, as soon as their words are over, I can’t help speaking with them like this:
“You should…”, “You need to consider…”, “Have you thought of…”
“Mum!” They usually stop me 33 leave silently.
I just want to go into them and 34 part of their lives. More importantly, I don’t want them to make some unnecessary mistakes. 35 , what they want is a listening ear and an open heart. I’m not alone in this. Many of my friends have had such an experience. One day a friend of mine told me that her son hardly listened to all her 36 . She was worried about him. And she also sked me 37 she should do to deal with it. “It’s like talking to a wall,” she continued.
In fact, kids are not asking for 38 or help. They may not even want an immediate way to solve a difficult problem. They just want to talk with someone who loves and supports them.
Because of this, I’ve 39 to become a better parent by being a better listener. Although it’s 40 for me to do that, I’m on the way. I’m trying to change myself.
选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次。(有两个多余的选项)
when, their, even, way, feel, behave, or, modern, relax, hours, speak, classical
Where did you go yesterday Did you hear music at any of these places Today most stores and restaurants play music. You might even hear music in an office 41 on a farm. Scientists believe that music influences (影响) the way people 42 . According to some scientists, the sound of western classical music (Mozart and Bach) makes people 43 richer. When a restaurant plays classical music, people spend more money on food and drinks. When the restaurant plays 44 music, people spend less money. With no background music, people spend 45 less. Scientists also believe that loud, fast music makes people eat faster. People actually chew 46 food faster when the music gets faster. Some restaurants play fast music during their busy 47 . This gets people to eat faster and leave quickly. Restaurants can make more money this way. Some scientists think that makes you think and learn better. They say that music helps students to be more alert. It is true that people learn better 48 they are relaxed. And listening to music can help you 49 . The next time you hear music somewhere, be careful. It might change the 50 you behave (行为).
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。
be silent way person new learn miss pronunciation one interest
Most Chinese students think English is difficult to learn.What do you think Here is some advice on 51 English.
When you learn a new word, don’t just memorize it. Instead, try to use it in the sentences. And use it as often as you can on the 52 day you learn it. You will remember the 53 word much more easily in this way.
Practicing sounds, you know it 54 difficult. Take the “th” sound for example: choose the words that begin with“th” and repeat them over and over again until you can 55 them well. Have a try!
Read, read and read! Don’t read 56 . Please read aloud. Reading is one of the best 57 to increase your vocabulary and improve your grammar. It’s important to choose the books that you are 58 in.
When a person is talking to you in English, listen to the 59 main points. If you hear a new word, ignore (忽略) it and go on listening. If you stop and think about the word, you will 60 everything else that the person is saying.
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
two they attention active express avoid wise useful but influence
When you have a conversation with classmates, you may feel free to say anything. 61 if you talk to your teachers or parents, it is really important to know how to be polite. For example, you can use 62 such as “Could you please… ” or “ May I ask… ”. Of course, you should also pay 63 to what the other is saying, that’s a sign of respect (尊重). What can you do to be a great listener Here is some advice to help you.
First, good listeners are 64 . They are always listening carefully to what the other person is saying. And they are thinking while they are listening.
65 , good listeners keep looking into the eyes of the speakers. As the speakers are talking, they want listeners to put 66 eyes on them. The speakers are usually saying something they consider to be meaningful. Eye contact (接触) can help listeners get their meaning quickly. It is 67 than only talking.
Third, good listeners are able to ask proper questions. If someone is talking to you about his trip, you may ask some questions 68 like “What was your favorite part of the trip ”. Then the person will think more highly of you and consider you a good listener.
Finally, good listeners 69 stopping the speakers. While listening, keeping silent is important. If the speaker 70 , he will feel unhappy. It can also make the speaker forget what he is saying.
Be a smart listener and enjoy better relationships with others!
请阅读下面短文，从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词只能使用一次，有两词为多余项，请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置。
call by since others convenient make all and face a student secret
Look at the sign on the right. Maybe we all know it’s WeChat and we 71 it “weixin” in Chinese.
WeChat is a mobile text and voice messaging communication service. It was developed 72 Tencent (腾讯) in China. It has been popular 73 2011.
Nowadays more and more people are using WeChat. We can share our feelings and show what we’re doing with 74 . In some ways, many people feel that they can’t live without it. It can make our lives more and more 75 . It’s really a new kind of way to communicate with others. People use it instead of 76 phone calls or sending text messages. It’s not only easy but also cheap.
However, it causes us many problems. For example, people use it 77 the time. Their eyesight gets worse 78 worse. And it also reduces chances to see each other. So we should spend less time on it and talk to each other face to 79 .
It is believed that WeChat is useful in our daily lives, but it must be used in 80 right way.
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