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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项
可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是____)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出_)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
题干:infer,imply,suggestconclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
·2.We can conclude(得出结论)fromthe passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to_____.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
·中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到
生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and coldgive and
receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as， like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并
列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
Hello, I’m Li Xiaoming and I’m a boy. I’m from Wenzhou. I’m thirteen years old. I’m a new student in Class 4, Grade 7. I have forty-two classmates. Nineteen of them are girls. Twenty-three of them are boys.
I like to learn English. My English teacher is Miss Black. She is from England. She’s very nice. I like her very much. Do you like your English teacher
These are Paul and Sam. We are in the same class and we are good friends. Paul is from a big family. He has two brothers and a sister. Sam has two sisters. I am the only child in my family.
Paul, Sam and I play together every day. We read books, draw pictures and do sports. Football is my favourite sport. Paul’s favourite sport is basketball. Sam’s favourite sport is volleyball.
We have different dreams (梦想). Paul wants to be a manager (经理). Sam wants to be a doctor. I want to be a policeman. What do you want to be in the future
I like to play with my classmates at school. I’m happy to be a new student in Grade 7.
1．Where is Li Xiaoming from
A．Chongqing. B．Nanjing. C．Wenzhou. D．Guangzhou.
2．Paul and Sam are ________.
A．brothers B．deskmates C．cousins D．classmates
3．What is Paul’s favourite sport
A．Swimming. B．Basketball. C．Football. D．Tennis.
4．“We have different dreams (梦想)”. Here “We” refers to (指的是) ________.
A．Sam, Paul and I
B．Miss Black and I
C．Paul’s two brothers and my classmates
D．Sam’s two sisters and my English teacher
5．Which of the following is TRUE
A．There are forty-two students in Class 4, Grade 7.
B．Miss Black teaches the writer English.
C．Sam wants to be a policeman.
D．Paul has two sisters.
Hi, I’m Billy Green and from Canada. I’m a student in Grade Seven now. Welcome to my new school. It’s very big and the schoolyard (校园) is very tidy. We often clean it.
The teaching building is in the middle of the schoolyard. There are four floors in it and my classroom is on the second floor. The teachers’ offices are on the first floor.
What’s that Oh, it’s the computer room with sixty computers in it. It’s behind (在……后面) the library. And the dining hall is on the left (在……左边) of the library. As for our playground, it is on the right (在……右面) of the teaching building.
What a nice school it is! I love my school very much.
6．What’s on the first floor of the teaching building
A．The classrooms. B．The science lab. C．The teachers’ offices. D．The dining hall.
7．How many computers are there in the computer room
A．70. B．60. C．50. D．40.
8．Where is the library
A．Behind the playground. B．On the left of the dining hall.
C．In front of the computer room. D．In the middle of the schoolyard.
9．What does Billy think of his school
A．Small but tidy. B．Big but dirty. C．New and small. D．Big and tidy.
10．What’s the best title for this passage
A．My nice school B．A picture of my school
C．The teaching building D．A big computer room
January is a busy month for Lingling. Let’s have a look at her schedule (日程安排).
11．What does Lingling do on 1st January
A．She helps clean the house. B．She does some shopping.
C．She goes to a birthday party. D．She goes to see her grandparents.
12．Lingling’s school has a history of ________ years.
A．fifty B．sixty C．seventy D．eighty
13．How old is Dadong on the second Thursday of January
A．Eleven. B．Twelve. C．Thirteen. D．Fourteen.
14．Who does Lingling go to a movie with on the morning of 14th January
A．Her friend. B．Her cousin. C．Her sister. D．Her mum.
15．When do Lingling’s winter holidays start
A．On 5th January. B．On 10th January.
C．On 29th January. D．On 31st January.
If life can be compared to a meal, I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
“Hey,” said the boy whose name I couldn’t remember, sitting next to me. “Don’t worry. Take your time.” And so I did. But I still couldn’t correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher. I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese. I was so worried that I didn’t sleep well that night. I couldn’t stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation. Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts (推车) on the way. Learning Spanish in school was a cushy job for me, because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it. However, learning Chinese was difficult at first. As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America, I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language. I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad. It is necessary for me to master different languages.
As the classes went on I slowly found that I was making connections. My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others. My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter. I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well. As the teachers helped me build up the confidence, I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like It tasted like the Chinese food that, for the first time, I did not order in English, my mother language.
16．Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class
A．Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
B．Because he couldn’t write his Chinese name.
C．Because he didn’t remember his friend’s name.
D．Because he hated to learn Chinese.
17．The underlined word “cushy” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A．difficult B．easy C．meaningful D．useful
18．Why did the writer learn Chinese
A．Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B．He wanted to teach and work internationally.
C．He was interested in Chinese food.
D．All of his friends can speak Chinese.
19．What do we know about the writer according to the passage
A．He can speak two languages.
B．He is good at playing the piano.
C．He is interested in writing and painting.
D．He can’t speak Chinese well.
20．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．How to learn Chinese well.
B．An American girl who loves China.
C．A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
D．A journey to China.
Interested in football —Join us now!
King’s School is organizing (组织) a football camp for children aged 12—15. Join us for 5 days of fun when you learn to play this exciting sport!
Time: 9—13 August, 2023 (Monday to Friday) 3:00 p.m. —5:00 p.m. Address: City Sports Hall, 267 State Street Cost: $10 each After the camp, you can: understand the rules of the game carry the ball with your feet pass the ball to other players using your feet kick the ball towards the goal (球门) Please come with comfortable clothes and sports shoes. For more information, please click https://www..
21．The camp is for the children who ________.
A．are 12—15 years old B．play soccer well
C．come from King’s School D．live near City Sports Hall
22．When will the camp start
A．On August 9. B．On August 10. C．On August 12. D．On August 13.
23．If Jack and his brother want to join the camp, they should pay ________ for it.
A．$10 B．$20 C．$40 D．$50
24．Children at the camp CAN’T learn to ________ after the camp.
A．carry the ball with feet B．kick the ball to the goal
C．pass the ball using feet D．make the game rules
25．Where is the passage most probably from
A．The Internet. B．A dictionary. C．A storybook. D．A letter.
Our school life is very interesting! My friends and I study hard at school. And we are good at our lessons. We are very happy. We have lots of time for our hobbies. My classmates all want to go to different clubs. Helen wants to join (加入) the Reading Club. She loves reading books. The Reading Club meets every Wednesday at three thirty. Lily enjoys dancing. She wants to join the Dancing Club. It meets on Mondays at four thirty. There’s also an Art Club. It meets on Fridays at four o’clock. Nick doesn’t want to join the Art Club. He doesn’t like drawing. He thinks it is too difficult for him. Nick likes playing computer games. He wants to join the Computer Club. It meets every Thursday at three forty-five. Mike loves sports. He wants to join the football team. They play football every Monday at three thirty. I want to join the Music Club. I like listening to music with my friends. The Music Club meets on Tuesday at three fifteen.
26．What does Helen like doing
A．Dancing. B．Reading. C．Drawing. D．Singing.
27．When does Lily’s club meet every week
A．On Wednesday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Monday. D．On Friday.
28．What club does Nick want to join
A．The Dancing Club. B．The Reading Club.
C．The Music Club. D．The Computer Club.
29．What team does Mike want to join
A．The football team. B．The basketball team.
C．The badminton team. D．The volleyball team.
30．Which is the best title (标题) for this passage
A．Our lessons. B．Sports. C．Our school life. D．My class.
It’s not easy to learn maths well. Students need to remember many formulas (公式) and do lots of maths exercises. Now, more and more students in the United Kingdom learn maths the way Chinese students do.
In 2017, a whole set of Shanghai’s primary school maths textbooks, Real Shanghai Maths, went on the UK’s book market. There are 36 books, including a Teacher Guide, Textbook and Pupil Practice Book for each grade (1-6), according to Xinhua.
The books are translated (被翻译) word-for-word from the Chinese versions (版本). The only change is the price. The Chinese yuan becomes the British pound.
This is not the first time the UK has learnt from China’s months instruction (教学). Since 2014, the UK has invited many junior high school and primary school maths teachers in Shanghai to take part in the teaching in its schools. In 2015, the publishing house Collins Learning introduced the practice book One Lesson, One Exercise to Britain. There are 11 books for 11grades, from primary school to high school.
This is because the UK doesn’t want its students to fall behind. In the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (国际学生评估项目), Shanghai students were No. 1 in maths. British students, however, were No. 26.
“This will help young people be prepared for further study,” said Nick Gibb, minister of Britain’s schools.
31．What does the writer think about learning maths well
A．It is tiring. B．It is rocky. C．It is boring. D．It is terrible.
32．When did Real Shanghai Maths go on market in the UK
A．In 2012. B．In 2014. C．In 2017. D．In 2018.
33．Who is Real Shanghai Maths for
A．It’s for senior high school teachers. B．It’s for senior high school students.
C．It’s for junior high school students. D．It’s for primary school students.
34．The UK has invited _______ in Shanghai to teach in its schools.
A．senior high school maths teachers B．senior high school English teachers
C．junior high school and primary school maths teachers D．junior high school and primary school English teachers
35．In which part of the newspaper can we read this passage
A．Health. B．Sports. C．Education. D．Science.
My younger sister, Wang Ling, loves to read. Reading is her greatest hobby. She can read books for the whole (整个) day and will not feel tired. When she is back from school at three o’clock every afternoon, she will do her homework and revise (复习) her subjects for the next two hours.
As soon as she finishes all the school work (功课), she will sit comfortably and happily in the soft sofa and start reading. She likes to read books by Yang Hongying, Jin Bo, and Cao Wenxuan. But her favourite writer is J. K. Rowling. Her favourite book series (系列) is the Harry Potter series. She reads the whole series for more than 3 times (次).
36．Wang Ling is the writer’s ________.
A．cousin B．elder sister C．younger brother D．younger sister
37．Wang Ling’s hobby is ________.
A．doing homework B．reading C．revising subjects D．going to school
38．Wang Ling usually does her schoolwork for ________.
A．1 hour B．2 hours C．3 hours D．the whole afternoon
39．Maybe the underlined word “comfortably” means (意思是) ________.
A．舒适地 B．紧张地 C．大声地 D．伤心地
40．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Wang Ling’s favourite writer is Harry Potter.
B．Wang Ling reads the Harry Potter series for three times.
C．Wang Ling goes back home after school.
D．Wang Ling feels tired after reading.
I’m Julie Jones and I’m thirty years old. My birthday is on New Year’s Day. With my help, you’ll love science this term (学期).
I come from a family of teachers. Now I’m the mother of twin boys. They’re five years old. They are cute and kind boys.
I love playing tennis when I’m free. I have four tennis balls. They’re all from D &T Store. I go there on Friday because they have a big sale (促销) that day,
I only eat healthy food every day. For breakfast, I have an egg and some milk. For lunch, 1 have some rice with chicken and vegetables. For dinner, I have fruit salad.
If you need help, you can find me in the following ways: 1. Call me at 474-927 2. E-mail me at JXx@. 3. Add me on WeChat.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
41．What’s the teacher’s family name
A．Julie B．Jones. C．Judy. D．James.
42．How old is the teacher
A．20. B．25. C．30. D．35.
43．D&T Store is a________ store.
A．sports B．food C．clothes D．book
44．Students can________ to find her.
①call Julie ②e-mail Julie
③go to Julie’s room ④he Julie’s WeChat friends
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
45．What do we know from the reading material
A．D &T Store sells things at good prices (价格) on Saturdays.
B．Julie doesn’t have good eating habits.
C．Julie’s birthday is on September 10th.
D．Julie likes playing tennis when she isn’t busy
My friends like different clothes. Linda is twelve years old. She is a student in Zhengzhou No.1 Junior High School. She likes different clothes very much. She has many (许多) clothes at home. They are in different colors. She has five skirts. They are red, pink, blue, green and black. She has three dresses. One of them is green and white. One is yellow and one is purple. Some (一些) of the clothes are new, but they are small for Linda.
Sue is thirteen. Sue likes red clothes. She has three dresses. She is in a red skirt and red shoes now. Mina likes white clothes. She is in a white shirt. Her sister Emma likes green. Look, she is in a green skirt. She looks nice. David is in a white cap and black pants. Peter is in a white coat and black pants. Their favorite color s are black and white.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
46．What does Linda like
A．School. B．Books. C．Clothes. D．Different colors.
47．How many (多少) skirts does Linda have
A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two.
48．How old is Sue
A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.
49．What color does Sue like
A．White. B．Red. C．Yellow. D．Green.
50．Who is Mina’s sister
A．Linda. B．Emma. C．Sue. D．Jenny.
参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C D B A B C B C D A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D B B A C A B B B C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A B D A B C D A C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B C D C C D B B A C
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B C A B D C A C B B
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了李小明及其朋友的信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“I’m from Wenzhou.”可知，李小明来自温州。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“These are Paul and Sam. We are in the same class and we are good friends.”可知，保罗和山姆是同班同学。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Paul’s favourite sport is basketball.”可知，保罗最喜欢的运动是篮球。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“Paul wants to be a manager (经理). Sam wants to be a doctor. I want to be a policeman.”可知，保罗想成为一名经理，山姆想成为一名医生，李小明想成为一名警察，他们三人的梦想是不同的，故划线部分单词意为“我们”，指的是“山姆、保罗和我”。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“I like to learn English. My English teacher is Miss Black.”可知，布莱克小姐教作者英语。故选B。
6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了Billy Green的新学校的布局和设施。
6．细节理解题。根据“The teachers’ offices are on the first floor.”可知，教师办公室在教学楼的一楼。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“it’s the computer room with sixty computers in it.”可知，计算机房里有60台电脑。故选B。
8． 细节理解题。根据“it’s the computer room with sixty computers in it. It’s behind (在……后面) the library.”可知，计算机房在图书馆后面，因此图书馆在计算机房前面。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“It’s very big and the schoolyard (校园) is very tidy.”可知，Billy认为他的学校又大又整洁。故选D。
10．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了Billy Green的新学校的布局和设施，因此最好的标题是“我的好学校”。故选A。
11．D 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，本文介绍了Lingling一月份的日程安排。
11．细节理解题。根据图片内容“Go to my grandparents’ home”可知，Lingling在1月1日去看望爷爷奶奶。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据图片内容“Celebrate my school’s 60th birthday”可知，Lingling的学校有60年的历史。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据图片内容“Go to buy a CD for my cousin Dadong...12th birthday”可知，Dadong今年12岁。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据图片内容“Go to see a film...with my good friend Meimei”可知，1月14日上午，Lingling和她的朋友在一起。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据图片内容“My winter holidays begin!”可知，Lingling的寒假在1月29日开始。故选C。
16．A 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在暑假期间学习中文的经历。
16．细节理解题。根据“But I still couldn’t correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher. I was so embarrassed”可知，作者感到尴尬是因为他有很差的中文发音。故选A。
17．词义猜测题。根据“because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it.”和“However, learning Chinese was difficult at first.”可推出，作者在学习中文时很困难，但是学习西班牙语时很容易，“cushy”是“容易的”意思。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad. It is necessary for me to master different languages.”可知，作者学习中文是为了在国内外工作和教学。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to...”可知，作者擅长弹钢琴。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的甜美经历。故选C。
21．A 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】本文以广告的形式，展示了国王学校的足球露营，并具体介绍了这个学校露营的时间、地点、学习目标、学费等。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“King’s School is organizing (组织) a football camp for children aged 12—15.”可知，这个足球营是为12—15岁的孩子们准备的。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据表格中“Time: 9—13 August”可知，足球营8月9日开始。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据表格中“Cost: $10 each”可知，如果杰克和他的弟弟想参加夏令营，他们应该支付20美元。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据表格中“After the camp, you can: understand the rules of the game ...”可知，参加夏令营后，会了解游戏规则，没有提到制定游戏规则。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据表格中“For more information, please click https://www..”推测，这篇文章最有可能来自互联网。故选A。
26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者和同学的学校生活。
26．细节理解题。根据“She loves reading books.”可知海伦喜欢阅读。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“She wants to join the Dancing Club. It meets on Mondays at four thirty.”可知，她想加入舞蹈俱乐部，在星期一四点半开会。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“He wants to join the Computer Club.”可知尼克想要加入电脑俱乐部。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“He wants to join the football team.”可知迈克想要加入足球俱乐部。故选A。
30．最佳标题题。根据文章特别是“Our school life is very interesting!”可知，本文主要介绍了作者和同学的学校生活。故选C。
31．B 32．C 33．D 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文介绍了英国为了不让自己的学生在数学方面落后，采取了一系列的措施，比如引进中国的数学教材，邀请中国的数学教师到学校任教等。
31．细节理解题。根据“It’s not easy to learn math well. Students need to remember many formulas and do lots of math exercises.”可知，作者认为学好数学不容易。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“In 2017, a whole set of Shanghai’s primary school maths textbooks, Real Shanghai Maths, went on the UK’s book market.”可知2017年，一整套上海小学数学教材进入了英国图书市场。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“There are 36 books, including a Teacher Guide, Textbook and Pupil Practice Book for each grade (1-6), according to Xinhua.”可知是针对1-6年级小学生的书。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“Since 2014, the UK has invited many junior high school and primary school maths teachers in Shanghai to take part in the teaching in its schools.”可知，英国邀请了初中和小学数学教师在他们的学校任教。故选C。
35．推理判断题。本文讲的是教育相关的内容，因此来自报纸的教育部分。故选C。
36．D 37．B 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的小妹妹喜欢阅读。
36．细节理解题。根据“My younger sister, Wang Ling, loves to read.”可知，王玲是作者的小妹妹。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“Reading is her greatest hobby. ”可知，阅读是王玲最大的爱好。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“ she will do her homework and revise (复习) her subjects for the next two hours”可知，会花费两个小时做功课。故选B。
39．词义猜测题。根据“she will sit comfortably and happily in the soft sofa and start reading.”可知，妹妹是很舒服地坐在沙发上。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据“When she is back from school at three o’clock every afternoon”可知，妹妹放学就回家。故选C。
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，朱莉·琼斯介绍了自己的年龄、生日、家庭情况、兴趣爱好、饮食习惯以及学生联系她的方式等信息。
41．细节理解题。根据“I’m Julie Jones”可知，英文名字中姓在后，所以老师姓Jones，故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据“I’m Julie Jones and I’m thirty years old.”可知，老师30岁，故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据“I love playing tennis when I’m free. I have four tennis balls. They’re all from D &T Store.”可知，D&T商店出售网球等运动用品，所以是一家体育用品店，故选A。
44．细节理解题。根据“If you need help, you can find me in the following ways: 1. Call me at 474-927 2. E-mail me at JXx@. 3. Add me on WeChat.”可知，学生可以打电话、发邮件、加微信联系她，①②④正确，文中未提及去她房间找她，③错误，故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“I love playing tennis when I’m free.”可知，朱莉有空的时候喜欢打网球，即不忙的时候喜欢打网球，D选项正确；根据“I go there on Friday because they have a big sale that day”可知D&T商店周五促销，A选项错误；根据“I only cat healthy food every day.”可知朱莉有良好的饮食习惯，B选项错误；根据“My birthday is on New Year’s Day.”可知朱莉生日在元旦，C选项错误，故选D。
46．C 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者几个朋友对不同颜色和款式的衣服的喜好和搭配情况，介绍了她们各自最喜欢的颜色和她们的穿着。
46．细节理解题。根据“She likes different clothes very much.”可知，Linda喜欢衣服。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“She has five skirts.”可知，Linda有五条短裙。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Sue is thirteen.”可知，Sue 13岁。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“Sue likes red clothes.”可知，Sue喜欢红色的衣服。故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据“Her sister Emma likes green.”可知，Mina的妹妹是Emma。故选B。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项
可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是____)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出_)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
题干:infer,imply,suggestconclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
·2.We can conclude(得出结论)fromthe passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to_____.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
·中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到
生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and coldgive and
receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as， like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并
列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
Hello, I’m Li Xiaoming and I’m a boy. I’m from Wenzhou. I’m thirteen years old. I’m a new student in Class 4, Grade 7. I have forty-two classmates. Nineteen of them are girls. Twenty-three of them are boys.
I like to learn English. My English teacher is Miss Black. She is from England. She’s very nice. I like her very much. Do you like your English teacher
These are Paul and Sam. We are in the same class and we are good friends. Paul is from a big family. He has two brothers and a sister. Sam has two sisters. I am the only child in my family.
Paul, Sam and I play together every day. We read books, draw pictures and do sports. Football is my favourite sport. Paul’s favourite sport is basketball. Sam’s favourite sport is volleyball.
We have different dreams (梦想). Paul wants to be a manager (经理). Sam wants to be a doctor. I want to be a policeman. What do you want to be in the future
I like to play with my classmates at school. I’m happy to be a new student in Grade 7.
1．Where is Li Xiaoming from
A．Chongqing. B．Nanjing. C．Wenzhou. D．Guangzhou.
2．Paul and Sam are ________.
A．brothers B．deskmates C．cousins D．classmates
3．What is Paul’s favourite sport
A．Swimming. B．Basketball. C．Football. D．Tennis.
4．“We have different dreams (梦想)”. Here “We” refers to (指的是) ________.
A．Sam, Paul and I
B．Miss Black and I
C．Paul’s two brothers and my classmates
D．Sam’s two sisters and my English teacher
5．Which of the following is TRUE
A．There are forty-two students in Class 4, Grade 7.
B．Miss Black teaches the writer English.
C．Sam wants to be a policeman.
D．Paul has two sisters.
Hi, I’m Billy Green and from Canada. I’m a student in Grade Seven now. Welcome to my new school. It’s very big and the schoolyard (校园) is very tidy. We often clean it.
The teaching building is in the middle of the schoolyard. There are four floors in it and my classroom is on the second floor. The teachers’ offices are on the first floor.
What’s that Oh, it’s the computer room with sixty computers in it. It’s behind (在……后面) the library. And the dining hall is on the left (在……左边) of the library. As for our playground, it is on the right (在……右面) of the teaching building.
What a nice school it is! I love my school very much.
6．What’s on the first floor of the teaching building
A．The classrooms. B．The science lab. C．The teachers’ offices. D．The dining hall.
7．How many computers are there in the computer room
A．70. B．60. C．50. D．40.
8．Where is the library
A．Behind the playground. B．On the left of the dining hall.
C．In front of the computer room. D．In the middle of the schoolyard.
9．What does Billy think of his school
A．Small but tidy. B．Big but dirty. C．New and small. D．Big and tidy.
10．What’s the best title for this passage
A．My nice school B．A picture of my school
C．The teaching building D．A big computer room
January is a busy month for Lingling. Let’s have a look at her schedule (日程安排).
11．What does Lingling do on 1st January
A．She helps clean the house. B．She does some shopping.
C．She goes to a birthday party. D．She goes to see her grandparents.
12．Lingling’s school has a history of ________ years.
A．fifty B．sixty C．seventy D．eighty
13．How old is Dadong on the second Thursday of January
A．Eleven. B．Twelve. C．Thirteen. D．Fourteen.
14．Who does Lingling go to a movie with on the morning of 14th January
A．Her friend. B．Her cousin. C．Her sister. D．Her mum.
15．When do Lingling’s winter holidays start
A．On 5th January. B．On 10th January.
C．On 29th January. D．On 31st January.
If life can be compared to a meal, I think the mistakes are like salt and the success is a candy.
“Hey,” said the boy whose name I couldn’t remember, sitting next to me. “Don’t worry. Take your time.” And so I did. But I still couldn’t correctly pronounce my Chinese name that was given by the teacher. I was so embarrassed on my first day of learning Chinese. I was so worried that I didn’t sleep well that night. I couldn’t stop thinking what would happen in my Chinese class in the following days.
I took Chinese classes during my summer vacation. Every morning I walked for 25 minutes to the class while having a Chinese pancake from one of the breakfast carts (推车) on the way. Learning Spanish in school was a cushy job for me, because I could speak French and Italian which helped me with it. However, learning Chinese was difficult at first. As a boy who was born in America and grew up in America, I knew nothing about the language and had no experience of learning the language. I chose it mainly because my goal was to work and teach home and abroad. It is necessary for me to master different languages.
As the classes went on I slowly found that I was making connections. My 10 years of playing the piano has allowed me to perform for others. My several years of writing has led me to become a school reporter. I knew that my Chinese classes would allow me to speak Chinese well. As the teachers helped me build up the confidence, I soon began tasting the sweetness.
So what did my summer really taste like It tasted like the Chinese food that, for the first time, I did not order in English, my mother language.
16．Why did the writer feel embarrassed in his first Chinese class
A．Because he had poor Chinese pronunciation.
B．Because he couldn’t write his Chinese name.
C．Because he didn’t remember his friend’s name.
D．Because he hated to learn Chinese.
17．The underlined word “cushy” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A．difficult B．easy C．meaningful D．useful
18．Why did the writer learn Chinese
A．Chinese is one of his school necessary subjects.
B．He wanted to teach and work internationally.
C．He was interested in Chinese food.
D．All of his friends can speak Chinese.
19．What do we know about the writer according to the passage
A．He can speak two languages.
B．He is good at playing the piano.
C．He is interested in writing and painting.
D．He can’t speak Chinese well.
20．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．How to learn Chinese well.
B．An American girl who loves China.
C．A sweet experience of learning Chinese.
D．A journey to China.
Interested in football —Join us now!
King’s School is organizing (组织) a football camp for children aged 12—15. Join us for 5 days of fun when you learn to play this exciting sport!
Time: 9—13 August, 2023 (Monday to Friday) 3:00 p.m. —5:00 p.m. Address: City Sports Hall, 267 State Street Cost: $10 each After the camp, you can: understand the rules of the game carry the ball with your feet pass the ball to other players using your feet kick the ball towards the goal (球门) Please come with comfortable clothes and sports shoes. For more information, please click https://www..
21．The camp is for the children who ________.
A．are 12—15 years old B．play soccer well
C．come from King’s School D．live near City Sports Hall
22．When will the camp start
A．On August 9. B．On August 10. C．On August 12. D．On August 13.
23．If Jack and his brother want to join the camp, they should pay ________ for it.
A．$10 B．$20 C．$40 D．$50
24．Children at the camp CAN’T learn to ________ after the camp.
A．carry the ball with feet B．kick the ball to the goal
C．pass the ball using feet D．make the game rules
25．Where is the passage most probably from
A．The Internet. B．A dictionary. C．A storybook. D．A letter.
Our school life is very interesting! My friends and I study hard at school. And we are good at our lessons. We are very happy. We have lots of time for our hobbies. My classmates all want to go to different clubs. Helen wants to join (加入) the Reading Club. She loves reading books. The Reading Club meets every Wednesday at three thirty. Lily enjoys dancing. She wants to join the Dancing Club. It meets on Mondays at four thirty. There’s also an Art Club. It meets on Fridays at four o’clock. Nick doesn’t want to join the Art Club. He doesn’t like drawing. He thinks it is too difficult for him. Nick likes playing computer games. He wants to join the Computer Club. It meets every Thursday at three forty-five. Mike loves sports. He wants to join the football team. They play football every Monday at three thirty. I want to join the Music Club. I like listening to music with my friends. The Music Club meets on Tuesday at three fifteen.
26．What does Helen like doing
A．Dancing. B．Reading. C．Drawing. D．Singing.
27．When does Lily’s club meet every week
A．On Wednesday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Monday. D．On Friday.
28．What club does Nick want to join
A．The Dancing Club. B．The Reading Club.
C．The Music Club. D．The Computer Club.
29．What team does Mike want to join
A．The football team. B．The basketball team.
C．The badminton team. D．The volleyball team.
30．Which is the best title (标题) for this passage
A．Our lessons. B．Sports. C．Our school life. D．My class.
It’s not easy to learn maths well. Students need to remember many formulas (公式) and do lots of maths exercises. Now, more and more students in the United Kingdom learn maths the way Chinese students do.
In 2017, a whole set of Shanghai’s primary school maths textbooks, Real Shanghai Maths, went on the UK’s book market. There are 36 books, including a Teacher Guide, Textbook and Pupil Practice Book for each grade (1-6), according to Xinhua.
The books are translated (被翻译) word-for-word from the Chinese versions (版本). The only change is the price. The Chinese yuan becomes the British pound.
This is not the first time the UK has learnt from China’s months instruction (教学). Since 2014, the UK has invited many junior high school and primary school maths teachers in Shanghai to take part in the teaching in its schools. In 2015, the publishing house Collins Learning introduced the practice book One Lesson, One Exercise to Britain. There are 11 books for 11grades, from primary school to high school.
This is because the UK doesn’t want its students to fall behind. In the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (国际学生评估项目), Shanghai students were No. 1 in maths. British students, however, were No. 26.
“This will help young people be prepared for further study,” said Nick Gibb, minister of Britain’s schools.
31．What does the writer think about learning maths well
A．It is tiring. B．It is rocky. C．It is boring. D．It is terrible.
32．When did Real Shanghai Maths go on market in the UK
A．In 2012. B．In 2014. C．In 2017. D．In 2018.
33．Who is Real Shanghai Maths for
A．It’s for senior high school teachers. B．It’s for senior high school students.
C．It’s for junior high school students. D．It’s for primary school students.
34．The UK has invited _______ in Shanghai to teach in its schools.
A．senior high school maths teachers B．senior high school English teachers
C．junior high school and primary school maths teachers D．junior high school and primary school English teachers
35．In which part of the newspaper can we read this passage
A．Health. B．Sports. C．Education. D．Science.
My younger sister, Wang Ling, loves to read. Reading is her greatest hobby. She can read books for the whole (整个) day and will not feel tired. When she is back from school at three o’clock every afternoon, she will do her homework and revise (复习) her subjects for the next two hours.
As soon as she finishes all the school work (功课), she will sit comfortably and happily in the soft sofa and start reading. She likes to read books by Yang Hongying, Jin Bo, and Cao Wenxuan. But her favourite writer is J. K. Rowling. Her favourite book series (系列) is the Harry Potter series. She reads the whole series for more than 3 times (次).
36．Wang Ling is the writer’s ________.
A．cousin B．elder sister C．younger brother D．younger sister
37．Wang Ling’s hobby is ________.
A．doing homework B．reading C．revising subjects D．going to school
38．Wang Ling usually does her schoolwork for ________.
A．1 hour B．2 hours C．3 hours D．the whole afternoon
39．Maybe the underlined word “comfortably” means (意思是) ________.
A．舒适地 B．紧张地 C．大声地 D．伤心地
40．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Wang Ling’s favourite writer is Harry Potter.
B．Wang Ling reads the Harry Potter series for three times.
C．Wang Ling goes back home after school.
D．Wang Ling feels tired after reading.
I’m Julie Jones and I’m thirty years old. My birthday is on New Year’s Day. With my help, you’ll love science this term (学期).
I come from a family of teachers. Now I’m the mother of twin boys. They’re five years old. They are cute and kind boys.
I love playing tennis when I’m free. I have four tennis balls. They’re all from D &T Store. I go there on Friday because they have a big sale (促销) that day,
I only eat healthy food every day. For breakfast, I have an egg and some milk. For lunch, 1 have some rice with chicken and vegetables. For dinner, I have fruit salad.
If you need help, you can find me in the following ways: 1. Call me at 474-927 2. E-mail me at JXx@. 3. Add me on WeChat.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
41．What’s the teacher’s family name
A．Julie B．Jones. C．Judy. D．James.
42．How old is the teacher
A．20. B．25. C．30. D．35.
43．D&T Store is a________ store.
A．sports B．food C．clothes D．book
44．Students can________ to find her.
①call Julie ②e-mail Julie
③go to Julie’s room ④he Julie’s WeChat friends
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
45．What do we know from the reading material
A．D &T Store sells things at good prices (价格) on Saturdays.
B．Julie doesn’t have good eating habits.
C．Julie’s birthday is on September 10th.
D．Julie likes playing tennis when she isn’t busy
My friends like different clothes. Linda is twelve years old. She is a student in Zhengzhou No.1 Junior High School. She likes different clothes very much. She has many (许多) clothes at home. They are in different colors. She has five skirts. They are red, pink, blue, green and black. She has three dresses. One of them is green and white. One is yellow and one is purple. Some (一些) of the clothes are new, but they are small for Linda.
Sue is thirteen. Sue likes red clothes. She has three dresses. She is in a red skirt and red shoes now. Mina likes white clothes. She is in a white shirt. Her sister Emma likes green. Look, she is in a green skirt. She looks nice. David is in a white cap and black pants. Peter is in a white coat and black pants. Their favorite color s are black and white.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
46．What does Linda like
A．School. B．Books. C．Clothes. D．Different colors.
47．How many (多少) skirts does Linda have
A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two.
48．How old is Sue
A．11. B．12. C．13. D．14.
49．What color does Sue like
A．White. B．Red. C．Yellow. D．Green.
50．Who is Mina’s sister
A．Linda. B．Emma. C．Sue. D．Jenny.
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