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中考语法填空专题复习
参考例题：
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分。）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A rich father took his son on a trip to a village. He wanted to show his son the 1_________(different) between their life and the villagers’ and he wanted his son to cherish(珍爱) what he had. So they 2_________(spend) quite a few days with a family there.
On 3_________(they) way back home, the father wondered about his son’s ideas. So he asked, “4_________ was the trip ”
“It was great, Dad!”
“What did you learn from the trip ” the father asked.
The son answered, “We have one dog but the family has four. We have 5_________ swimming pool, but they have a big river 6_________ many ducks in it. We have very expensive lights, but they have lots of stars 7_________night. We have walls around the house to protect(保护) us，but they have 8_________(friend) to protect them. Thank you for 9_________(show) me how poor we are. I 10_________(real) want to live in the village.”
The father could say nothing, and he just stood there quietly.
语法填空（1-2个单词，最多3个单词）
（考查范围：名形动副，介连冠代，数词（概率最低，出现一般都是送分题））
（填3个单词的情况只出现在某些形容词副词的最高级、动词的个别时态语态。纵观全国各地的真题模拟题，教辅资料练习题，填3个单词的考题出现概率非常低。）
（一）介词：at/on/in/under/of/from/with/without/by/through/up/for/after/before/between/among/
as/to/about/around/like/than/over...
1. 固定搭配（背诵短语）
考题：...He gets up early. _________ a result, he is hardly ever late for class....
...My friend is different _________ me. He likes running. However, I like swimming....
...There are many good ways to learn English, such _________ watching English movies....
...The classroom is full _________ students. They are listening to the teacher carefully....
...Linda doesn’t want to go out. She only wants to stay _________ home and read books....
...He often plays tennis with his friends _________ the weekend....
...After I get up _________ the morning, I often run for half an hour....
..._________ fact, his favorite movie was on at that time....
2. 根据上下文（语境）补充符合句意的介词。（细读文章，理解句意。）
考题：...Last week I went camping _________ my friends. We really had a good time....
...It is a busy city _________ many tall buildings and all kinds of people from different countries....
...There are many useful ways to learn English. For example, we can improve our English _________ listening and speaking every day....
...I am more outgoing _________ my sister.
参考答案：As from as of at on in In
with with by/through than
（二）连词
句子与句子
宾语从句 what/who/whom/whose/which/when/why/where/how； if/whether; that
定语从句 who/whom/whose/which/that/when/why/where
感叹句 what/how
其他连词 【初中重要连词（词组）】 and/or/but/as/because/so/although(though)/if/unless/ so that/so...that.../as long as/as soon as/even if/ even though/ in order that/no matter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词ever/since/while/before/after/until(till)
考题：...Crook was born in a American family in Sichuan in 2004. She lived in China _________ she was young. After she was 10, she went to America....
...I like basketball. _________ I am good at it....
..._________ my little brother is young, he knows a lot....
...There was nothing much to do in the countryside. _________ we didn’t feel bored....
..._________ you work hard, you can get good grades....
..._________ you have true friends, you will never be alone in any trouble...
..._________ you choose, it will help your brain and get you lose yourself in the sea of knowledge.
...Some people are also worried about the illness _________ pets may bring to them.
...She is a girl _________ needs endless time to play....
...Together they went into the house _________ their mother was sewing(缝纫), and Lucy said, “Please, mother, may we have a washing day.”...
...I look back to see _________ is laughing at me....
...She walked into the room and said, “I wonder _________ we can put off the meeting until next week.”...
...Oh, _________ pain it must have felt!...
...The movies is so interesting _________ I want to watch it again....
...I have a lot of work to do. _________, no matter how busy I am every day, I will meet my daughter at her school gate on time....
句子之中：and（和，有，而且；最容易考）；or（或者，还是）；but（但是、除了）
并列连词词组：both...and... “两者都; 既……也……”
not only...but (also)... “不但……而且……”
either...or... “或者……或者……”；“要么……要么……”
neither...nor... “既不……也不……；两者都不”
as well as “……和……”
考题：...She is such a beautiful _________ smart girl....
...To keep healthy, he will exercise more _________ eat healthier food....
...So which way is better, running _________ swimming ...
...He is very old _________ strong....
...He likes sports very much _________ baseball....
参考答案：when but Although/though But If If Whatever
which/that who/that where who if/whether what that
However
and and or but but
（三）冠词：a/an/the
1. 固定搭配（背诵短语）
考题：...I do the dishes once _________ week....
...We really had _________ good time during the two-day visit to Chongqing....
...I am good at playing _________ drums....
...At _________ same time, you should eat healthy food more....
...At _______ age of 23, he came to China and started working in Sichuan....
...In _______ evening, you should go to bed early.
2. 根据上下文（语境）补充符合句意的冠词。
典型题型：_______ (+adj.) + 单数名词
（把the翻译为“这(个)/那(个)”，a/an翻译为“一个”，哪个使句意通顺，就填哪个）
考题：...I don’t think it’s _________ excellent idea to travel by yourself....
...This is _________ good activity to teach students to love the environment....
...Our English teacher told us _________ interesting story. ________ story is about Thomas Edison.
...Li Hua has _________ new smartphone. _________ smartphone is from his mother....
...As _________ NBA player, he is very popular around the world.
...Beijing, _________ capital(首都) of China, is ______ city with long history.
参考答案：a a the the the the
an a an; The a; The a the; a
（四）代词
1. 与人称相关的的代词（人称代词、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词的灵活转换）。
2. some-和any-的转换。
3. 指示代词：this---these that---those
考题：...You should say sorry to _________(you) mother, but not to me....
...Although my brother is very young, he can do the dishes by _________(he)....
...Your watch is different from _________(I)....
...Mike was not happy. I tried to make _________(he) laugh....
...Our friends came one by one. I asked _________(he) to stay in the room with the light on....
...I can’t find _________(someone) int he classroom. Where are the students ...
...Can you take _________(this) books to Lily. I’m busy now....
参考答案：your himself mine him them anyone these
（五）形容词和副词
级：原级、比较级、最高级
词性转换：形转副/副转形（考查频率最高）、转名、转动
词义转换：加否定前缀变反义（考查频率很低） happy---unhappy lucky---unlucky
考题：...Yuan Nongping is one of the _________(great) scientists in the world....
...I think it is the _________(important) job in the world....
...Jim writes the _________(careful) of all the students....
...At _________(little), she had someone to play with....
...Information online is not _________(good) than knowledge learned from books....
...The boy is only 10 years old, but he is much _________(tall) than his father....
...I get up as _________(early) as my friend....
...He doesn’t dance as _________(good) as his brother....
...He is so _________(smart) that he worked out the problem soon....
...I _________(real) want to live in the village....
...As a student, you should take every subject _________(serious)....
...My father is sleeping, so I walk into the room _________(quiet)....
...“Oh, Kobe is my favorite basketball player,” Mr. Smith said _________(happy)....
...I was sitting in my _________(usually) place spending time alone....
...Lily runs for an hour every morning. She wants to be in good _________(healthy)....
...There are many _________(different) between my friend and I....
...We can _________(relaxing) ourselves by watching movies....
...When she feels _________(happy), she may cry....
参考答案：greatest most important most carefully least
better taller early well smart
really seriously quietly happily usual health
differences relax
unhappy
（六）名词
数（典型例题：one of +复数名词）
词性转换（名转动、形、副）
所有格
考题：数
...We have a swimming pool, but they have a big river with many _________(duck) in it....
...He walks to school every day and tries to exercise three _________(time) a day....
...I got up and was busy with many of my everyday _________(activity)....
...He was the youngest of three _________(child) in his family and he loved basketball from a very young age....
...In fact, some _________(people) think they are terrible....
...We can find much useful _________(information) online....
...China is one of the oldest _________(country) in the world....
参考答案：ducks times activities children people information countries
词性转换
...The main parts of the festival are the exciting street parties and parades (游行) with performers in _________(difference) masks (假面具)....
...The boy is _______(talent) in swimming....
...But who can play the piano the best or sing the most _________(beauty)....
...Yianwen-1 landed on Mars _________(success) on May 15, 2001....
...I want to _______(sale) my computer...
参考答案：different talented beautifully successfully sell
名词所有格
...Then he went to the _________(king) place and offered the coin to him....
...The _________(boy) talent show was wonderful. Everyone stood up and cheered for him....
...They say dogs are _________(people) best friend....
...They are easy to make mistakes and even do something against the law, because they are short of their _________(parent) care....
参考答案：king’s boy’s people’s parents’
（七）动词
谓语动词 情态动词+动词原形（should/can/could/may/might/would+do）
时态（常考时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时） 肯定结构与否定结构（根据上下文，有时可能要使用谓语动词的否定形式）
语态（被动）
非谓语动词 动词不定式: to do 现在分词: doing 过去分词: done （初中考查概率很低）
词性转换 动转名（run---runner/running）； 动转形（relax---relaxing）； 动转副（excite---excitedly）
考题：时态
...When people are in danger, the pets can _________(help) them....
...We should _________(share) everything with our friends....
参考答案：help share
...There _________(be) three bins---kitchen waste, recyclable waste and other waste....
...He _________(be) a great writer and translator....
...For example, not everyone _________(know) the difference between “wet” and “harmful” garbage....
...Running is good exercise because it _________(help) us keep a strong body....
...Jack likes basketball very much. But he _________(play) it well....
参考答案：are is knows helps doesn’t play
...She _________(be) shy in the past. Now she is a little more outgoing....
...All the people _________(stand) up and looked at him....
参考答案：was stood
...We need to keep quiet. The students _________(sleep) now....
参考答案：are sleeping
...When the the robbery happened, I _________(drink) coffee in a coffee shop....
参考答案：was drinking
...We _________(live) a better life in the future.
...If you don’t go to bed soon, you _________(feel) very tired tomorrow....
...If it doesn’t rain, we _________(climb) the mountain....
...If you don’t help her, I _________(let) you watch cartoons for a week....
参考答案：will live will feel will climb won’t let
...“I _________(finish) my homework. Can I watch a movie now ” Tom asked his mother....
...He _________(live) in Beijing since 2004....
参考答案：have finished has lived
语态：（被动）
...This means information could _________(exchange) very quickly.
...During this month, people _________(make) to think about the importance of brushing their teeth, eating less sweet foods....
...The theater _________(call) Movie World. It has the most comfortable seats.
...When we went in to pay the bill, the doctor told us he _________(touch) by our idea...
...One night, the coins _________ (take) away by someone. The man was sad....
...I don’t think paper books will _________(replace) by E-books in the future.
参考答案：be exchanged are made is called was touched were taken
be replaced
非谓语动词
...For example, you can spend forty minutes _________(write) each day....
...My friend is funny. When I feel unhappy, he makes me _________(laugh) a lot....
..His mother asked him _________(look) after his little sister...
...It’s important _________(follow) the traffic rules when we walk across the road....
...We can improve our English by _________(keep) English diaries....
参考答案：writing laugh to look to follow keeping
词性转换
..._________(eat) too much is bad for your health....
...When they got to the top, they jumped up and down in _________(excite)....
...Have a _________(sit), please. Let’s have a good talk....
...As a _________(teach), we should care about students much....
...Our teacher told us a very _________(touch) story. All of us cried....
...“Oh, it’s my favorite Chinese book written by Haitao,” Mrs. Green said _________(excite)....
参考答案：Eating excitement seat teacher touching excitedly
（八）数词
1. 基变序，序变基
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of +复数n.
基数词(1, 2,...)+hundred/thousand/million/billion+复数n.
And she is believed to be the first (one) to make it popular.
I’ve always loved the ocean. In the seven seventh (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California . I was upset to....
...It has got more than 4,000 shares and 3,000 likes, as well as hundreds (hundred) of comments.
...Modern medicine is just now coming around to the use of sugar, but this treatment has been practiced for thousands (thousand) of years.
...Could man invent anything that matches what it has taken nature millions (million) of years to protect
2. 次数倍数：2个特殊变化单词 one--once； two---twice
once/twice a day/week/month/year
3. 分数表达法：分子大于1，分母（序数词加s） two-fifths
4. “in + one’s +整十的复数形式（ten除外）” 表示“在某人几十多岁时”。
in her thirties 在她30多岁时

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