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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项
可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的
错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是___)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中
的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who，what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出__)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
题干: infer, imply,suggest conclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
2、We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是__)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to______.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方 )
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and cold give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as,like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
阅读理解专项
01
Hello, everyone. I am Peter. There is a farm near my house. There are some animals on the farm. There are twenty sheep. They are white, and they are beautiful. They are friendly to me. There are four lambs on the farm. I like them very much. There are ten cows on the farm. They are big, and they are white and black. They have big noses and big eyes. They produce (生产) a lot of (大量的) milk every day.
1．Where is the farm
A．Near Peter’s house. B．In Peter’s house.
C．On Peter’s house. D．Behind Peter’s house.
2．How many sheep are there on the farm
A．10. B．15. C．21. D．20.
3．What are the sheep like
A．Beautiful. B．Friendly. C．Beautiful and friendly. D．Shy.
4．What colour are the cows
A．White. B．Black. C．White and black. D．All kinds of colours.
5．What do the cows do every day
A．Drink milk. B．Produce milk. C．Eat grass. D．Run.
02
Emma and her family live on a small and beautiful farm. They all like animals. But they don’t like the same (同样的) kind of ones. Emma likes ducks. There is a small lake on the farm. Emma keeps twelve brown ducks. She gives food to them in the morning and evening. Emma likes to see the ducks swimming in the lake. Emma’s mother, Lisa, likes cows because she can get milk from them. She has five black and white cows. They walk on the farm and eat grass (草) all day. Emma’s father, Peter, likes pigs. He has six big black pigs and nine baby ones. The pigs eat a lot, so he is very busy every day. Emma’s cousin, Mike, likes animals too. But his parents don't have a farm. They can't keep animals. So Mike often goes to the farm to see animals.
6．What colour are the ducks
A．Brown. B．White. C．Black. D．Yellow.
7．What does Emma like to see
A．She likes to see cows eating grass.
B．She likes to see ducks swimming in the lake.
C．She likes to see pigs walking on the farm.
D．She likes to see her mother getting milk from the cows.
8．What does the underlined word “They” refer to (指代)
A．The ducks. B．The cows. C．The pigs. D．Emma’s parents.
9．How many pigs does Emma’s father have
A．Six. B．Nine. C．Fifteen. D．Twenty.
10．What’s the best title (最佳标题) of the passage
A．Emma’s cousin, Mike B．A small and beautiful farm
C．Many cute animals D．Emma’s family like animals
03
My name is Helen. This is my farm. It is not very big, but it’s beautiful. On my farm, there are many animals. In front of (在……前面) the yard, there are baby chickens, rabbits, sheep and cows. How many cows do you see Oh, only two. They are black and white. They are very cute.
On the right (右边), there are some dogs, pigs. On the left (左边), there are some cats, ducks, hens and horses. Near the horses is my house. Behind my house, there is another small house. There are some tomato plants, potato plants and flowers there. Do you like my farm
You can call me Paul. I have some horses, some geese, a few cows and pigs on my farm. I have many apple trees on the farm. You can pick some apples from the trees if you want. They’re sweet. I also have carrot plants. This is a big farm. There are fifteen sheep, ten pigs and a few chickens on my farm. There are many fruit (水果) trees. They are apple trees and banana trees. There are many carrots and potatoes. I love my farm.
11．How is Helen’s farm
A．It is very small. B．It is not very big, but it’s beautiful.
C．It is very big, but it’s not beautiful. D．It is funny and boring.
12．How many cows does Helen have
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
13．What does the underlined word “pick” mean in Chinese
A．吃 B．带走 C．卖 D．摘
14．Which is TRUE (正确的) about this passage
A．Paul’s farm is not big. B．Fruit trees aren’t on Paul’s farm.
C．Paul has fifteen sheep. D．Helen doesn’t have dogs.
15．What can be the best title (标题) of the text
A．Kinds of animals. B．Two cute farms.
C．Some trees and plants. D．Welcome to my room.
04
Nick calls his father at 879 0949. He says, “Dad, I can’t find my watch. It’s blue. Do you know where it is ” Mr. Smith says, “I don’t know. Is it on your desk ” “No, it’s not on the desk.”
Nick calls his mother at 879 9904. He asks, “Mom, do you know where my watch is ” Mrs. Smith says, “Oh, I think it’s in your room.” But Nick’s room isn’t tidy. He has to look for (寻找) it. Nick goes and sees everywhere in the room but he can’t find the watch.
Nick’s brother says, “Nick, I…”
Nick says, “Rick, I’m busy now.”
“Yeah You are busy looking for your watch It’s on my wrist,” says Rick.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
16．Nick’s watch is ________.
A．blue B．black C．yellow D．brown
17．What’s Nick’s mother’s phone number
A．879 0949. B．879 0994. C．879 9904. D．879 7909.
18．The underlined word (划线单词) “wrist” means “________” in Chinese.
A．胳膊 B．手腕 C．脚踝 D．手指
19．Who is Nick’s brother
A．Tom. B．Rick. C．Mr. Smith. D．Eric.
20．Where is the watch
A．On Mr. Smith’s wrist. B．On Mrs. Smith’s wrist.
C．On Nick’s wrist. D．On Rick’s wrist.
05
Hello, I’m Joe. I have two brothers. They are John and Jim. I have a cousin. His name is Mike. He is my uncle’s son. He has a big house. It has a big yard. You can see different kinds of animals and plants in it. There are two apple trees and a pear tree. Under them are many chickens and ducks. There is a dog and a cat in the yard, too. The cat’s name is Mel. The black dog, Kev, is sleeping behind an apple tree. The white cat is playing with a toy under the pear tree. How many rabbits does my cousin have Let me count. One, two, three,…seven rabbits! Oh, no. Another two are behind the pear tree.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21．Who has a big yard
A．Mike. B．Jim. C．Joe. D．John.
22．How many fruit trees does Joe’s cousin have
A．1. B．3. C．5. D．7.
23．What colour is the cat
A．Yellow. B．White.
C．Black. D．Black and white.
24．What is behind the pear tree
A．The black dog. B．The white cat.
C．Many chickens and ducks. D．Two rabbits.
25．What can we know from the passage
A．Joe and Mike are brothers. B．There are only animals in the yard.
C．Mike has seven rabbits. D．The cat is playing with a toy.
06
Do you know the Monkey Buffet Festival in Thailand It is on the last Sunday of November. It is a great day for monkeys in Thailand. The festival has a history of 35 years. People there think monkeys can bring good luck to them. So, to thank monkeys, they have this special festival.
On that day every year, people put lots of fruit, vegetables, cakes and even drinks on the tables outside. They are all for monkeys. Many people come to see the monkeys on that day.
During the festival, there are a lot of interesting activities about monkeys. Young people always dress like monkeys and they sing and dance and play some music on the street.
Monkeys always live in groups. Most of them live in the trees. They are good at running and jumping. They eat fruit, vegetables, plants and birds’ eggs. Monkeys are clever. Do you think so
26．When is the festival in Thailand
A．In September. B．In October. C．In November. D．In June.
27．Why do people have the festival for the monkeys
A．Because they think monkeys are cute.
B．Because they think monkeys are clever.
C．Because they think monkeys can bring good luck.
D．Because they think monkeys are funny.
28．What do young people always do on that day
A．Sing and dance. B．Eat all kinds of delicious food.
C．Play with monkey. D．Kill monkeys.
29．Monkeys don’t eat ________.
A．eggs B．beef C．bananas D．vegetables
30．What is the best title (标题) for the passage
A．Monkeys in Thailand B．Monkeys’ Favorite Food
C．Monkeys and people D．The Festival for Monkeys
07
Hello, everyone! My name is Liu Wei. I am 12 years old. I was born in Nanjing. I am a friendly and honest boy. I have a happy family. There are four people in my family—my father, my mother, my sister and me.
My father looks strong. He is a doctor in a hospital near my home. He is so busy that he has no time to play with me. But I know he loves me. He likes running, swimming and playing basketball.
My mother is tall and slim. Her hair is long and black. She has many hobbies. She is good at planting vegetables and flowers. She also enjoys traveling with me. My mother does a lot for me. She always looks after me well. And she is very strict (严格的) about my study.
My sister is 13 years old. Her name is Liu Li. She has big eyes. She looks cute. In her free time, she likes reading, dancing and listening to music. We study in the same school. She is good at all her lessons. She wants to be a Chinese teacher when she grows up.
I love my family very much. I hope all my family members always stay happy and healthy.
31．Who does well in planting flowers
A．Liu Wei. B．Liu Wei’s father. C．Liu Wei’s mother. D．Liu Li.
32．What is Liu Li like
A．Strong. B．Tall. C．Slim. D．Cute.
33．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Liu Wei is a 13-year-old boy. B．Liu Wei’s father likes sports.
C．Liu Wei’s mother likes traveling best. D．Liu Li and Liu Wei study in different schools.
34．The structure of the text may be ________.
A． B． C． D．
08
Some students are talking (谈论) in their classroom.
Joe: I’m fifteen years old. After class, I often play ball games at school. I like sports. And volleyball is my favourite.
Harry: I have a big family. My grandpa lives with us. He is 65 years old. He likes sports and he often plays ping-pong with me in the afternoon. He thinks it’s a good sport.
Bill: My father works in my school. He is a maths teacher. He usually does sports with me. He is very good at basketball. He gets up early every morning and plays it before work.
Diana: I like sports. And my mother likes sports, too. She is good at playing tennis. She often buys sports clothes in a store. We often go to the sports center (运动中心) on Saturdays. It is small but we love it.
35．【新考项】What’s Joe’s favourite sport
A． B． C． D．
36．Who often plays ping-pong with his grandpa
A．Joe. B．Harry. C．Bill. D．Diana.
37．Where does Bill’s father work
A．In a school. B．In a sports center. C．In a library. D．In a store.
38．When does Diana go to the sports center
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．After class. D．On Saturdays.
39．What are the students talking about
A．Schools. B．Clothes. C．Sports. D．Families.
09
Hello! I’m Zhang Wei. I’m from Shanghai. I’m in Class 2, Grade 7. I’m short and thin. I like reading and hiking. Here are my friends.
Bob and Jane are in Class 2, Grade 7, too. So we are also classmates. Bob is from Canada. He is thirteen years old. He is tall and strong. He is friendly. He likes hiking and running. Jane is a kind girl. She is tall. She enjoys running and drawing pictures. Bob and Jane like running together.
Li Jun is my friend. He is from Dalian. We are in different classes. He is in Class Three, Grade Seven. He is friendly and quiet. He likes reading and running. We all like sports (运动). We aren’t in the same (同一的) class, but we often help each other.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
40．Where is Zhang Wei from
A．Shanghai. B．Dalian.
C．Beijing. D．Zhengzhou.
41．How old is Bob
A．15. B．14. C．13. D．12.
42．What does Jane like to do
A．Read and hike.
B．Run and draw.
C．Run and hike.
D．Read and draw.
43．Which class is Li Jun in
A．Class 7, Grade 7.
B．Class 3, Grade 8.
C．Class 7, Grade 8.
D．Class 3, Grade 7.
44．Which of the following (下列的) is TRUE (正确的)
A．They are classmates.
B．Bob is short and thin.
C．They all like sports.
D．Bob and Jane are from Canada.
10
My name is Alan. I’m an American boy. I am not tall or short. I like doing some reading. I can play the violin well. I want to be a violinist some day.
Now I’m a student of Fuxing Middle School. I’m in Class 4, Grade 9. Xiao Ming is my friend in the class. He is 15. Here is a picture of his family! Let’s look at it. His father, the one behind the tree, is a worker. In his free time, he likes going fishing. His mother, the one in the red hat, is a teacher of Chinese. Xiao Ming loves his parents very much. He has two sisters. They are twins. Their names are Lingling and Lili. They have a cat. Its name is Coco. Look! It’s under the table. The twins are middle school students, too. They are in different classes. Lingling is in Class 2, Grade 7 and Lili is in Class 3, Grade 7. We are good friends. We are all good at music.
45．Where is Alan from
A．America. B．Australia. C．China. D．England.
46．What does the underlined word “violinist” mean (意思是) in Chinese
A．歌手 B．画家 C．小提琴手 D．作家
47．What does Xiao Ming’s mother do
A．A writer. B．A teacher. C．A pianist. D．A doctor.
48．What is Xiao Ming’s dad’s hobby
A．Going fishing. B．Doing some reading.
C．Watching TV. D．Listening to music.
49．Which of the following is TRUE (正确的)
A．Lingling and Lili are in the same class.
B．Xiao Ming’s dad is a teacher.
C．Lingling and Lili are both in the same grade.
D．Lingling and Lili aren’t twins.
11
Kevin and his new friend Lucy are talking about their family online (在网上). Kevin sends (发送) a picture of his family tree to Lucy. Here is their talk.
Lucy: What a big family, Kevin!
Kevin: Yeah. You can see I have a brother and a sister. Their names are Tony and Nina.
Lucy: Are they at your school
Kevin: Only my brother.
Lucy; I see. What do your parents do
Kevin: My mother is a doctor. My father is a policeman (男警察).
Lucy: My father is a policeman, too. You have two aunts
Kevin: Yes. My aunt Mary is an artist (画家). She has a family of four and they live in China. My aunt Susan and her husband Henry are English teachers. They are in China, too.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
50．Kevin’s grandparents have ________ children.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
51．Who is at Kevin’s school
A．Tony. B．Nina. C．Lucy. D．Henry.
52．Kevin’s mother is a(n) ________.
A．teacher B．artist C．policewoman D．doctor
53．Who is Mary
A． B． C． D．
54．What can we know from the talk
A．Kevin’s two aunts are in China. B．Lucy’s father works at a school.
C．Kevin wants to go to China. D．Lucy has a big family.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文主要是Peter介绍了他家附近的农场动物的一些情况。
1．细节理解题。根据“There is a farm near my house.”可知，农场在Peter的房子附近，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“There are twenty sheep.”可知，农场上有20只羊，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“they are beautiful. They are friendly to me.”可知，羊既漂亮又友好，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“they are white and black.”可知，牛的颜色是黑白相间，故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“They produce (生产) a lot of (大量的) milk every day.”可知，牛每天都生产牛奶，故选B。
6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文介绍了Emma和她的家人住在一个美丽的小农场上，每个人都喜欢不同种类的动物。
6．细节理解题。根据“Emma keeps twelve brown ducks.”可知，鸭子是棕色的。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Emma likes to see the ducks swimming in the lake.”可知，Emma喜欢看鸭子在湖里游泳。故选B。
8．词句猜测题。根据“She has five black and white cows. They walk on the farm and eat grass (草) all day.”可知，they指代的是前文提到的cows。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“Peter, likes pigs. He has six big black pigs and nine baby ones.”可知，Emma的父亲有6只大黑猪和9只小猪，一共15只。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了Emma一家人喜欢的动物，因此最佳标题是“Emma’s family like animals”。故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文介绍了两个农场的情况。
11．细节理解题。根据“This is my farm. It is not very big, but it’s beautiful.” 可知，Helen 的农场不大，但很漂亮。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“How many cows do you see Oh, only two.”可知，Helen有两头牛。故选A。
13．词义理解题。根据“some apples from the trees”可知，这里指的是摘苹果，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“This is a big farm. There are fifteen sheep...” 可知，Paul的农场有十五只羊。故选C。
15．最佳标题题。整篇文章主要是关于两个人的农场的介绍，故B选项“两个可爱农场”为最佳标题。故选B。
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了Nick找他的蓝色手表的过程，Nick分别打父母的电话询问均未找到，最终发现手表在Rick的手腕上。
16．细节理解题。根据“It’s blue.”可知，是Nick的表是蓝色的。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Nick calls his mother at 879 9904.”可知，他妈妈的手机号是879 9904。故选C。
18．词义猜测题。根据“Yeah You are busy looking for your watch It’s on my wrist”可知，手表应该是戴在手腕上，因此划线单词的意思是“手腕”。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“Nick’s brother says, ‘Nick, I…’”以及“Nick says, ‘Rick, I’m busy now.’”可知，Nick的兄弟是Rick。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“‘Yeah You are busy looking for your watch It’s on my wrist,’ says Rick.”可知，手表在Rick的手腕上。故选D。
21．A 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了Joe叔叔家的大院子，详细介绍了里面的动物和植物。
21．细节理解题。根据“His name is Mike. He is my uncle’s son. He has a big house.”可知，是Mike家有一个大院子。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“There are two apple trees and a pear tree.”可知，一共有3棵水果树。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“The white cat is playing with a toy under the pear tree.”可知，猫是白色的。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“Another two are behind the pear tree.”可知，梨树后面有两只兔子。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据“The white cat is playing with a toy under the pear tree.”可知，那只白猫正在梨树下玩玩具。故选D。
26．C 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍泰国的猴子自助餐节，那里的人们认为猴子能给他们带来好运，所以在这特殊的一天来感谢猴子。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is on the last Sunday of November.”可知，泰国的猴子自助餐节是在11月份。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People there think monkeys can bring good luck to them. So, to thank monkeys, they have this special festival.”可知，举办这个节日是因为人们认为猴子能带来好运。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Young people always dress like monkeys and they sing and dance and play some music on the street.”可知，在那天，年轻人总是唱歌跳舞。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They eat fruit, vegetables, plants and birds’ eggs.”可知，猴子吃水果、蔬菜、植物和鸟的蛋，不吃牛肉。故选B。
30．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍泰国的猴子自助餐节，那里的人们认为猴子能给他们带来好运，所以在这特殊的一天来感谢猴子，用“The Festival for Monkeys”做标题最合适。故选D。
31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者及家人的外貌、性格以及爱好等方面的情况。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My mother is tall and slim...She is good at planting vegetables and flowers.”可知，刘伟的妈妈擅长种花。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Her name is Liu Li. She has big eyes. She looks cute.”可知，刘莉看起来很可爱。故选D。
33． 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He likes running, swimming and playing basketball.”可知，刘伟的爸爸的爱好都属于运动，可推知，他的爸爸喜欢运动。故选B。
34．篇章结构题。通读全文可知， 第一段是刘伟的自我介绍并引出其他家庭成员；第二、三、四段分别介绍了他的爸爸、妈妈和姐姐；第五段对全文做了总结。故选A。
35．C 36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C
【导语】本文是四名学生在教室里谈论自己及家人的运动情况。
35．细节理解题。根据Joe描述的“I like sports. And volleyball is my favourite.”可知，Joe最喜欢的运动是排球。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据Harry描述的“He likes sports and he often plays ping-pong with me in the afternoon.”可知，Harry经常和爷爷打乒乓球。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据Bill描述的“My father works in my school.”可知，Bill的父亲在学校工作。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据Diana描述中的“We often go to the sports center (运动中心) on Saturdays.”可知，Diana周六去体育中心。故选D。
39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，学生们正在谈论各种体育运动。故选C。
40．A 41．C 42．B 43．D 44．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了张伟和他的朋友。
40．细节理解题。根据“I’m Zhang Wei. I’m from Shanghai.”可知，张伟来自上海。故选A。
41．细节理解题。根据“Bob is from Canada. He is thirteen years old.”可知，Bob十三岁了。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“Jane is a kind girl. She is tall. She enjoys running and drawing pictures.”可知，Jane喜欢跑步和画画。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“Li Jun is my friend... He is in Class Three, Grade Seven.”可知，李军在七年级三班。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“I like reading and hiking.” “Bob and Jane like running together.” “We all like sports (运动).”可知，他们都喜欢运动。故选C。
45．A 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，是作者艾伦的自我介绍及对朋友一家人的介绍。
45．细节理解题。根据原文“I’m an American boy”可知，艾伦是一个美国男孩。故选A。
46．词句猜测题。根据上文“I can play the violin well”可知，艾伦小提琴拉得很好，所以长大后想成为一名小提琴手。故violinist此处有“小提琴手”之意，故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据原文“His mother, the one in the red hat, is a teacher of Chinese”可知，小明的母亲是一位语文教师。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据原文“In his free time, he likes going fishing”可知，小明的父亲喜欢钓鱼。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据原文“Lingling is in Class 2, Grade 7 and Lili is in Class 3, Grade 7”可知，玲玲和丽丽都在七年级。故选C。
50．B 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．A
【导语】本文讲述了Kevin和他的朋友Lucy在线上讨论家庭情况的对话。他们谈论了Kevin的兄弟姐妹、父母的职业以及他的两个姑姑在中国的生活和工作情况。
50．细节理解题。根据Kevin的家庭树可以看出，Kevin的祖父母有三个孩子，故选B。
51．细节理解题。根据“Kevin: Only my brother.”和“Their names are Tony and Nina.”可知。Kevin的兄弟Tony在他的学校。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“My mother is a doctor. ”可知。Kevin的母亲是一名医生。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“Kevin: Yes. My aunt Mary is an artist (画家). She has a family of four and they live in China”可知，Mary是Kevin的姑姑，家里有四个人，结合家庭树可知，故选D。
54．细节理解题。根据“My aunt Mary is an artist (画家). She has a family of four and they live in China. My aunt Susan and her husband Henry are English teachers. They are in China, too.”可知，Kevin的两个姑姑都在中国。故选A。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第3讲 阅读理解
阅读理解
一、主旨大意题
定义:要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干:Main idea, topic,title,purpose, aim, means to
解题思路
1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在
段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项
可能是文中某个具体事实或细节;可能是从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的
错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型
1.主题型
What's the main idea of this passage (这篇文章的主要思想是什么 )
What does this passage mainly discuss (这篇文章主要讨论了什么 )
What's the topic of this passage (这篇文章的主题是什么 )
2.标题型
What's the best title (最佳的标题是什么 )
The best title for this text is (to tell ).(这段文字的最佳标题是___)The main purpose of this text is_(这段文字的主要目的是 )
3.目的型
The author's purpose of writing this text is to(作者写这段文字的主要目的是 )
What's the main purpose of the passage (这篇文章的主要目的是 )
二、细节理解题
做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。题干中
的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
解题思路
1、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
2、文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由;
3、有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
4、带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中在与who，what when where问题有关的细节上。
干扰项
1、范围过大、过小;
2、偷换概念;
3、正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
常见题型
1、Which of the following statements is true (下列哪个陈述是正确的 )
2、Which of the following is not mentioned in the text (文中没有提到下列哪一项 )
3、The author(or the passage)states that__.(作者(文章)指出__)
4、According to the passage, when(where, why,how, who, whatwhichetc.)_ (根据文章，什么时候(哪里，为什么，如何，谁，什么，哪个等等))
三、推理判断题
重点题型，通常占总题目的30%左右。着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。
以原文内容为前提，要求你在理解文章直接陈述的观点或描述的事实的基础上，据作者
的观点理论(非考生观点)，理解作者的言外之意(implied meaning)。
透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。
题干: infer, imply,suggest conclude
常见题型
1、The passage implies(暗示)that__.(文章暗示了_)
2、We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that_.(我们能从文章中得出的结论是__)
3、Which of the following can be inferred(推论) (可以得出哪个推论 )
4、What is the tone(语气)/attitude(态度)of the author (作者的语气/态度是什么 )
5、What is the purpose(目的)of this passage (这篇文章的目的是什么 )
6、The passage is intended to______.(文章的目的是)
7.Where would this passage most probably appear (这段文字最可能出现在什么地方 )
态度
正面态度:positive肯定;optimistic乐观;supportive支持;approval赞同;appreciative欣
赏;sympathy同情;favorable赞同
负面态度:critical批判;negative否定;disapproval/opposed反对;doubtful/suspicious/
skeptical怀疑
中立/客观态度:objective客观;neutral中立;impartial公正;indifferent/unconcerned冷漠
四、词义猜测题
词义理解是阅读理解能力的重要指标。无论一个人的词汇量有多大，都会在阅读中碰到生词。对词义的理解往往会影响到对全文的准确把握。
阅读过程中，对于不妨碍全文理解和出现频率较低的生词，跳过即可。
解题思路
1、根据上下文判断;
2、通过对比关系。如hot and cold give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。
3、通过因果关系。
4、通过同类关系，比如such as,like, for example/instance。常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测。
5、通过常识判断。
6、通过逻辑关系推断
阅读理解专项
01
Hello, everyone. I am Peter. There is a farm near my house. There are some animals on the farm. There are twenty sheep. They are white, and they are beautiful. They are friendly to me. There are four lambs on the farm. I like them very much. There are ten cows on the farm. They are big, and they are white and black. They have big noses and big eyes. They produce (生产) a lot of (大量的) milk every day.
1．Where is the farm
A．Near Peter’s house. B．In Peter’s house.
C．On Peter’s house. D．Behind Peter’s house.
2．How many sheep are there on the farm
A．10. B．15. C．21. D．20.
3．What are the sheep like
A．Beautiful. B．Friendly. C．Beautiful and friendly. D．Shy.
4．What colour are the cows
A．White. B．Black. C．White and black. D．All kinds of colours.
5．What do the cows do every day
A．Drink milk. B．Produce milk. C．Eat grass. D．Run.
02
Emma and her family live on a small and beautiful farm. They all like animals. But they don’t like the same (同样的) kind of ones. Emma likes ducks. There is a small lake on the farm. Emma keeps twelve brown ducks. She gives food to them in the morning and evening. Emma likes to see the ducks swimming in the lake. Emma’s mother, Lisa, likes cows because she can get milk from them. She has five black and white cows. They walk on the farm and eat grass (草) all day. Emma’s father, Peter, likes pigs. He has six big black pigs and nine baby ones. The pigs eat a lot, so he is very busy every day. Emma’s cousin, Mike, likes animals too. But his parents don't have a farm. They can't keep animals. So Mike often goes to the farm to see animals.
6．What colour are the ducks
A．Brown. B．White. C．Black. D．Yellow.
7．What does Emma like to see
A．She likes to see cows eating grass.
B．She likes to see ducks swimming in the lake.
C．She likes to see pigs walking on the farm.
D．She likes to see her mother getting milk from the cows.
8．What does the underlined word “They” refer to (指代)
A．The ducks. B．The cows. C．The pigs. D．Emma’s parents.
9．How many pigs does Emma’s father have
A．Six. B．Nine. C．Fifteen. D．Twenty.
10．What’s the best title (最佳标题) of the passage
A．Emma’s cousin, Mike B．A small and beautiful farm
C．Many cute animals D．Emma’s family like animals
03
My name is Helen. This is my farm. It is not very big, but it’s beautiful. On my farm, there are many animals. In front of (在……前面) the yard, there are baby chickens, rabbits, sheep and cows. How many cows do you see Oh, only two. They are black and white. They are very cute.
On the right (右边), there are some dogs, pigs. On the left (左边), there are some cats, ducks, hens and horses. Near the horses is my house. Behind my house, there is another small house. There are some tomato plants, potato plants and flowers there. Do you like my farm
You can call me Paul. I have some horses, some geese, a few cows and pigs on my farm. I have many apple trees on the farm. You can pick some apples from the trees if you want. They’re sweet. I also have carrot plants. This is a big farm. There are fifteen sheep, ten pigs and a few chickens on my farm. There are many fruit (水果) trees. They are apple trees and banana trees. There are many carrots and potatoes. I love my farm.
11．How is Helen’s farm
A．It is very small. B．It is not very big, but it’s beautiful.
C．It is very big, but it’s not beautiful. D．It is funny and boring.
12．How many cows does Helen have
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
13．What does the underlined word “pick” mean in Chinese
A．吃 B．带走 C．卖 D．摘
14．Which is TRUE (正确的) about this passage
A．Paul’s farm is not big. B．Fruit trees aren’t on Paul’s farm.
C．Paul has fifteen sheep. D．Helen doesn’t have dogs.
15．What can be the best title (标题) of the text
A．Kinds of animals. B．Two cute farms.
C．Some trees and plants. D．Welcome to my room.
04
Nick calls his father at 879 0949. He says, “Dad, I can’t find my watch. It’s blue. Do you know where it is ” Mr. Smith says, “I don’t know. Is it on your desk ” “No, it’s not on the desk.”
Nick calls his mother at 879 9904. He asks, “Mom, do you know where my watch is ” Mrs. Smith says, “Oh, I think it’s in your room.” But Nick’s room isn’t tidy. He has to look for (寻找) it. Nick goes and sees everywhere in the room but he can’t find the watch.
Nick’s brother says, “Nick, I…”
Nick says, “Rick, I’m busy now.”
“Yeah You are busy looking for your watch It’s on my wrist,” says Rick.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
16．Nick’s watch is ________.
A．blue B．black C．yellow D．brown
17．What’s Nick’s mother’s phone number
A．879 0949. B．879 0994. C．879 9904. D．879 7909.
18．The underlined word (划线单词) “wrist” means “________” in Chinese.
A．胳膊 B．手腕 C．脚踝 D．手指
19．Who is Nick’s brother
A．Tom. B．Rick. C．Mr. Smith. D．Eric.
20．Where is the watch
A．On Mr. Smith’s wrist. B．On Mrs. Smith’s wrist.
C．On Nick’s wrist. D．On Rick’s wrist.
05
Hello, I’m Joe. I have two brothers. They are John and Jim. I have a cousin. His name is Mike. He is my uncle’s son. He has a big house. It has a big yard. You can see different kinds of animals and plants in it. There are two apple trees and a pear tree. Under them are many chickens and ducks. There is a dog and a cat in the yard, too. The cat’s name is Mel. The black dog, Kev, is sleeping behind an apple tree. The white cat is playing with a toy under the pear tree. How many rabbits does my cousin have Let me count. One, two, three,…seven rabbits! Oh, no. Another two are behind the pear tree.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
21．Who has a big yard
A．Mike. B．Jim. C．Joe. D．John.
22．How many fruit trees does Joe’s cousin have
A．1. B．3. C．5. D．7.
23．What colour is the cat
A．Yellow. B．White.
C．Black. D．Black and white.
24．What is behind the pear tree
A．The black dog. B．The white cat.
C．Many chickens and ducks. D．Two rabbits.
25．What can we know from the passage
A．Joe and Mike are brothers. B．There are only animals in the yard.
C．Mike has seven rabbits. D．The cat is playing with a toy.
06
Do you know the Monkey Buffet Festival in Thailand It is on the last Sunday of November. It is a great day for monkeys in Thailand. The festival has a history of 35 years. People there think monkeys can bring good luck to them. So, to thank monkeys, they have this special festival.
On that day every year, people put lots of fruit, vegetables, cakes and even drinks on the tables outside. They are all for monkeys. Many people come to see the monkeys on that day.
During the festival, there are a lot of interesting activities about monkeys. Young people always dress like monkeys and they sing and dance and play some music on the street.
Monkeys always live in groups. Most of them live in the trees. They are good at running and jumping. They eat fruit, vegetables, plants and birds’ eggs. Monkeys are clever. Do you think so
26．When is the festival in Thailand
A．In September. B．In October. C．In November. D．In June.
27．Why do people have the festival for the monkeys
A．Because they think monkeys are cute.
B．Because they think monkeys are clever.
C．Because they think monkeys can bring good luck.
D．Because they think monkeys are funny.
28．What do young people always do on that day
A．Sing and dance. B．Eat all kinds of delicious food.
C．Play with monkey. D．Kill monkeys.
29．Monkeys don’t eat ________.
A．eggs B．beef C．bananas D．vegetables
30．What is the best title (标题) for the passage
A．Monkeys in Thailand B．Monkeys’ Favorite Food
C．Monkeys and people D．The Festival for Monkeys
07
Hello, everyone! My name is Liu Wei. I am 12 years old. I was born in Nanjing. I am a friendly and honest boy. I have a happy family. There are four people in my family—my father, my mother, my sister and me.
My father looks strong. He is a doctor in a hospital near my home. He is so busy that he has no time to play with me. But I know he loves me. He likes running, swimming and playing basketball.
My mother is tall and slim. Her hair is long and black. She has many hobbies. She is good at planting vegetables and flowers. She also enjoys traveling with me. My mother does a lot for me. She always looks after me well. And she is very strict (严格的) about my study.
My sister is 13 years old. Her name is Liu Li. She has big eyes. She looks cute. In her free time, she likes reading, dancing and listening to music. We study in the same school. She is good at all her lessons. She wants to be a Chinese teacher when she grows up.
I love my family very much. I hope all my family members always stay happy and healthy.
31．Who does well in planting flowers
A．Liu Wei. B．Liu Wei’s father. C．Liu Wei’s mother. D．Liu Li.
32．What is Liu Li like
A．Strong. B．Tall. C．Slim. D．Cute.
33．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Liu Wei is a 13-year-old boy. B．Liu Wei’s father likes sports.
C．Liu Wei’s mother likes traveling best. D．Liu Li and Liu Wei study in different schools.
34．The structure of the text may be ________.
A． B． C． D．
08
Some students are talking (谈论) in their classroom.
Joe: I’m fifteen years old. After class, I often play ball games at school. I like sports. And volleyball is my favourite.
Harry: I have a big family. My grandpa lives with us. He is 65 years old. He likes sports and he often plays ping-pong with me in the afternoon. He thinks it’s a good sport.
Bill: My father works in my school. He is a maths teacher. He usually does sports with me. He is very good at basketball. He gets up early every morning and plays it before work.
Diana: I like sports. And my mother likes sports, too. She is good at playing tennis. She often buys sports clothes in a store. We often go to the sports center (运动中心) on Saturdays. It is small but we love it.
35．【新考项】What’s Joe’s favourite sport
A． B． C． D．
36．Who often plays ping-pong with his grandpa
A．Joe. B．Harry. C．Bill. D．Diana.
37．Where does Bill’s father work
A．In a school. B．In a sports center. C．In a library. D．In a store.
38．When does Diana go to the sports center
A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．After class. D．On Saturdays.
39．What are the students talking about
A．Schools. B．Clothes. C．Sports. D．Families.
09
Hello! I’m Zhang Wei. I’m from Shanghai. I’m in Class 2, Grade 7. I’m short and thin. I like reading and hiking. Here are my friends.
Bob and Jane are in Class 2, Grade 7, too. So we are also classmates. Bob is from Canada. He is thirteen years old. He is tall and strong. He is friendly. He likes hiking and running. Jane is a kind girl. She is tall. She enjoys running and drawing pictures. Bob and Jane like running together.
Li Jun is my friend. He is from Dalian. We are in different classes. He is in Class Three, Grade Seven. He is friendly and quiet. He likes reading and running. We all like sports (运动). We aren’t in the same (同一的) class, but we often help each other.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
40．Where is Zhang Wei from
A．Shanghai. B．Dalian.
C．Beijing. D．Zhengzhou.
41．How old is Bob
A．15. B．14. C．13. D．12.
42．What does Jane like to do
A．Read and hike.
B．Run and draw.
C．Run and hike.
D．Read and draw.
43．Which class is Li Jun in
A．Class 7, Grade 7.
B．Class 3, Grade 8.
C．Class 7, Grade 8.
D．Class 3, Grade 7.
44．Which of the following (下列的) is TRUE (正确的)
A．They are classmates.
B．Bob is short and thin.
C．They all like sports.
D．Bob and Jane are from Canada.
10
My name is Alan. I’m an American boy. I am not tall or short. I like doing some reading. I can play the violin well. I want to be a violinist some day.
Now I’m a student of Fuxing Middle School. I’m in Class 4, Grade 9. Xiao Ming is my friend in the class. He is 15. Here is a picture of his family! Let’s look at it. His father, the one behind the tree, is a worker. In his free time, he likes going fishing. His mother, the one in the red hat, is a teacher of Chinese. Xiao Ming loves his parents very much. He has two sisters. They are twins. Their names are Lingling and Lili. They have a cat. Its name is Coco. Look! It’s under the table. The twins are middle school students, too. They are in different classes. Lingling is in Class 2, Grade 7 and Lili is in Class 3, Grade 7. We are good friends. We are all good at music.
45．Where is Alan from
A．America. B．Australia. C．China. D．England.
46．What does the underlined word “violinist” mean (意思是) in Chinese
A．歌手 B．画家 C．小提琴手 D．作家
47．What does Xiao Ming’s mother do
A．A writer. B．A teacher. C．A pianist. D．A doctor.
48．What is Xiao Ming’s dad’s hobby
A．Going fishing. B．Doing some reading.
C．Watching TV. D．Listening to music.
49．Which of the following is TRUE (正确的)
A．Lingling and Lili are in the same class.
B．Xiao Ming’s dad is a teacher.
C．Lingling and Lili are both in the same grade.
D．Lingling and Lili aren’t twins.
11
Kevin and his new friend Lucy are talking about their family online (在网上). Kevin sends (发送) a picture of his family tree to Lucy. Here is their talk.
Lucy: What a big family, Kevin!
Kevin: Yeah. You can see I have a brother and a sister. Their names are Tony and Nina.
Lucy: Are they at your school
Kevin: Only my brother.
Lucy; I see. What do your parents do
Kevin: My mother is a doctor. My father is a policeman (男警察).
Lucy: My father is a policeman, too. You have two aunts
Kevin: Yes. My aunt Mary is an artist (画家). She has a family of four and they live in China. My aunt Susan and her husband Henry are English teachers. They are in China, too.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
50．Kevin’s grandparents have ________ children.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
51．Who is at Kevin’s school
A．Tony. B．Nina. C．Lucy. D．Henry.
52．Kevin’s mother is a(n) ________.
A．teacher B．artist C．policewoman D．doctor
53．Who is Mary
A． B． C． D．
54．What can we know from the talk
A．Kevin’s two aunts are in China. B．Lucy’s father works at a school.
C．Kevin wants to go to China. D．Lucy has a big family.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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