资源简介

第11讲 八年级下 Units 1~2
一阶 教材梳理
Unit 1　What's the matter
1.　 　n.颈;脖子 2.　 　n.脚;足(pl.　 　) 3.　 　n.咽喉;喉咙 4.　 　v. & n.放松;休息 5.　 　n. & v.咳嗽 6.　 　adv. & prep.离开(某处);不工作;从……去掉 7.　 　n.膝;膝盖 8.　 　n.护士 9.　 　n.情况;状况 10.　 　(=kilogram)n.千克;公斤 11.　 　n.岩石 12.　 　n.血 13.　 　n.刀(pl.　 　) 14.　 　v.意思是;打算;意欲 15.　 　n.勇气;意志 16.　 　n.死;死亡 17.　 　n. & v.危险;风险;冒险
单一词性 1.matter n.问题;事情 *　 　无论;不论 2.stomach n.胃;腹部 →　 　n.胃痛;腹痛 *　 　胃痛 3.lie v.躺;平躺 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) →　 　(现在分词) *　 　躺下 *　 　位于 4.hurt v.(使)疼痛;受伤 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) 5.hit v. (用手或器具)击;打 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) →　 　(现在分词) 6.sick/ill adj.生病的;有病的 →　 　n.病;疾病 7.breathe v.呼吸 →　 　n.呼吸 8.climber n.登山者;攀登者 →　 　v.爬;登 9.importance n.重要性;重要 →　 　adj.重要的 10.decision n.决定;抉择 *　 　决定做某事 →　 　v.决定 *　 　决定做某事 兼类词 11.control n. & v.限制;约束;管理 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) →　 　(现在分词) 12.trouble n.问题;苦恼v.使烦恼 *　 　陷入困境 *　 　自寻烦恼;自讨苦吃 *　 　麻烦某人 *　 　处于困境
名词短语 1.　 　心脏问题 动词短语 2.　 　感冒 3.　 　休息 4.　 　量某人的体温 5.　 　发烧 6.　 　陷入;进入 7.　 　下车 8.　 　用尽;耗尽
9.　 　切除 10.　 　离开;从……出来 11.　 　放弃 12.　 　冒险 介词短语 13.　 　使某人惊讶的是;出乎某人的意料 其他短语 14.　 　掌管;管理 15.　 　立即;马上
Unit 2　I'll help to clean up the city parks.
1.　 　n.标志;信号 2.　 　adj.孤独的;寂寞的 3.　 　n.通知;通告;注意 v.注意到;意识到 4.　 　adj. & adv.独自;单独 5.　 　pron.几个;数个;一些 6.　 　adj.强烈的;强壮的 7.　 　adj.瞎的;失明的 8.　 　v.修理;安装 9.　 　v.修理;修补 10.　 　adj.破损的;残缺的 11.　 　n.(尤指长途)旅行;行程 12.　 　n.车轮;轮子 13.　 　n.信;函 14.　 　adj.丧失能力的;有残疾的 15.　 　adj.聋的 16.　 　v.开;打开 17.　 　n.门 18.　 　adj.聪明的;聪颖的 19.　 　n.困难;难题 20.　 　n.感觉;感触
单一词性 1.cheer v.欢呼;喝彩 →　 　adj.令人愉快的 2.satisfaction n.满足;满意 →　 　adj.满意的;欣慰的 →　 　v.满足 *　 　满足某人的需要 *　 　对……感到满意 3.joy n.高兴;愉快 →　 　adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 *　 　令某人高兴的是 4.owner n.物主;主人 →　 　adj. & pron.自己的;本人的v.拥有 5.raise v.募集;征集 *　 　筹钱 6.imagine v.想象;设想 →　 　n.想象力;想象 7.carry v.拿;提;扛 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) →　 　(第三人称单数) *　 　继续 *　 　执行;实施 8.kindness n.仁慈;善良 →　 　adj.善良的 9.understand v.理解;领会 →　 　/　 　(过去式/过去分词) 兼类词 10.volunteer v.义务做;自愿做n.志愿者 *　 　自愿做某事 11.train v.训练;培训n.火车 →　 　n.训练;培训 12.change v. & n.变化;改变 *　 　变成
动词短语 1.　 　(使)变得更高兴;(使)振奋起来 2.　 　打扫(或清除)干净 3.　 　为某人加油 4.　 　想出;提出(主意、计划等) 5.　 　建立;设立 6.　 　曾经……;过去…… 7.　 　照顾;非常喜欢 8.　 　分发 9.　 　推迟 10.　 　打电话给(某人);征召 11.　 　参加……选拔;试用 12.　 　(外貌或行为)像 13.　 　修理 14.　 　赠送;捐赠 15.　 　影响;有作用
二阶 语境巧记
根据句意和所给中文意思填空
1.A stranger found the lady who was hurt at the 　 　 (底部) of the mountain.
2.You need to go to the doctor if your knee still 　 　 (疼痛).
3.You can't ride your bicycle here. Look at the 　 　 (标志)!
4.I started helping him run the business when he went 　 　 (失明的).
5.The 　 　 (死亡) of the hero makes us feel very sad.
6.I'm glad I've got three days 　 　 (休假) next week.
7.There was a heavy rain and 　 　 (强烈的) wind this morning.
8.I decide to cheer up the elderly by writing 　 　 (信) to them.
9.The boy was able to 　 　 (修理) a bike at the age of eleven.
10.I'm sorry to 　 　 (麻烦) you during my stay in the city.
三阶 语篇串记
词语运用
When winter comes, it becomes cold. If we don't keep 1.　 　 (our) warm enough, we may get sick. During the winter months, we can 2.　 　 (easy) get a cold and the flu. Some people think they're the same, 3.　 　 in fact they're different.
A cold can stay with us 4.　 　 about a week. If we have a cold, we'll have a runny nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough or a fever. If we have the flu, it will be more serious. Our body will hurt and become weak. It can even make us 5.　 　 (healthy). This can last 6.　 　 few weeks.
Are there any 7.　 　 (way) to keep ourselves away from a cold or the flu It may work if we stay away from people with a cold or the flu. We should not touch our nose or eyes when we're close to someone who has a cold. We need to wash our hands or clean our nose after 8.　 　 (come) back home. Going out with wet hair also 9.　 　 (make) us sick. If we catch a cold or the flu, drink enough hot water and have a rest in a warm room. Doing these will help us feel much 10.　 　 (well). If we have a headache or a fever, we'd better go to see a doctor right away.
【考点讲堂】
mean的用法
(2024·河南)A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets.
mean既可以用作动词,也可以用作形容词,主要用法如下:
拓展
1.mean作形容词,意为“刻薄的;吝啬的”。
2.mean的名词形式为meaning,意为“意义;意思”。常见的与mean相关的句型:
What do you mean by... =What do/does ... mean =What's the meaning of...
3.meaningless adj.无意义的;meaningful adj.有意义的
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.I mean 　 　(travel) to the beautiful city Lijiang during the coming summer vacation.
2.—Be careful, my dear. A small mistake means 　 　(fail) the exam.
—OK. I will.
3.—I think success means 　 　(work) hard.
—I agree. So we should never give up easily.
4.If we mean 　 　(help) people in need, we should find out what they need most.
5.If you don't understand the 　 　(mean) of the teacher's words, you can just ask him to explain it once again.
6.Nancy has never been 　 　(mean) with money.
7.I don't like the film, because it is 　 　 (mean).
get off的用法
It's good to help the people in need to get off the bus if necessary.
get off意为“下去;下来”;“下(公共汽车、火车、飞机等);下(马)”。其反义词组是get on,意为“骑上(马)、登上(公共汽车、火车等)”。例如:
As soon as I got on the bus, I saw my teacher sitting there.我一上汽车就看见我的老师正坐在那里。
Never get off while the car is moving.车在行驶时切勿下车。
get on和get off属于“动词+介词”短语;短语get over it为固定搭配,意为“共渡难关;克服困难”。
get into意为“进入;渗透进”; get out of 意为“从……出来”。
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.当我们到达公园门口时,我们下车了。
We 　 　 the bus when we arrived at the gate of the park.
2.我们在哪儿上公共汽车
Where do we 　 　
3.你会感到心痛和绝望。但是我向你保证,你会好起来的。
You will feel pain and despair. But I promise you, you will 　 　.
4.这贼是怎样进入房子的
How did the thief 　 　 the house
5.刚才我们从无轨电车里出来了。
We 　 　 of the trolley bus just now.
volunteer的用法
Liu Mei often works as a volunteer to cheer up the sick people in the hospital.
volunteer意为“自动提供;自愿效劳;志愿者”,具体用法如下:
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.——你愿意主动让座吗
——当然。
—Would you like to 　 　 to give up your seat
—Of course.
2.她现在在当地一所学校做义工,每周三天。
She helps in a local school as a 　 　 three days a week now.
3.我曾经是奥运会的一名志愿者。
I was a 　 　 for the Olympic Games.
辨析raise与rise
Since then, Brian's recycling effort has raised ￡35,000 and helped at least 20 local youth groups.
词汇 含义与用法
raise (raised,raised) 作及物动词,意为“筹集;使升高;饲养”。一般指人为升高,也可以表示举手、升国旗等。可用于被动语态
rise (rose,risen) 作不及物动词,后面不能带宾语,意为“上升;升起;增加”,一般指事物自然升高。无被动语态
图解助记　
按要求完成句子。
1.课堂上,你如果知道老师提出的问题的答案,应该举手站起来发言。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
In our class, if you know the answer to the teacher's question, you should 　 　 your hand and 　 　 to speak.
2.The flag-fall price (起步价) of a taxi in the city has 　 　(rise) from 10 yuan to 11 yuan during the daytime. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
3.他筹集了一些钱买了一所房子作为那些孩子的学校和家。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
He 　 　 and bought a house to use as a school and home for those children.
4.他的生母不能照顾他,所以他是姑姑抚养长大的。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
His natural mother was unable to care for him, so he 　 　 by his aunt.
hurt的用法
When I fell and hurt myself, my mother encouraged me to stand up and gave me a hug.
hurt是动词,其过去式、过去分词均为hurt;用作及物动词时,意为“(使)疼痛、受伤”等。
①hurt也常用作不及物动词,意为“感到疼痛”等。例如:
My leg still hurts. 我的腿还在疼。
②短语get hurt意为“受伤”。例如:
But your legs got hurt a few days ago.但是你的腿几天前受伤了。
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.昨天她不小心把自己弄伤了,现在左脚还疼呢。
She 　 　 carelessly yesterday, and now her left foot still 　 　.
2.她从楼梯上摔下来,摔伤了腿。
She fell down the stairs and 　 　.
3.在这次交通事故中,没有人受重伤。
No one was seriously 　 　 in the traffic accident.
辨析used to do sth.、be/get/become used to doing sth. 与be used to do sth.
—Billy used to be shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now.
—Yes. We are all surprised at his changes.
考点 含义及用法
used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”,只用于过去时态
be/get/become used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”,可用于多种时态
be used to do sth./for doing sth. “被用于做某事”,表示目的,可用于多种时态
用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.The old lady used to 　 　 (dance) in the park.
2.Dick used to 　 　 (eat) western food, but he is used to 　 　 (eat) Chinese food now.
3.My elder brother is used to　 　(sleep) with the window open.
4.Wood can be used to 　 　(make) paper and coal was used for　 　(cook) meals.
辨析 lonely与alone
—The old man never feels lonely, does he
—No, because he has many friends.
考点 词性、含义及用法
lonely 作形容词,意为“孤独的”,强调心灵上的孤独与寂寞,常在句中作表语;还可意为“荒凉的;偏僻的”,修饰表示地点的名词,只能作定语
alone 作形容词,意为“独自的;单独的”,表示无人陪伴,只陈述一个客观事实,在句中作表语 作副词,意为“独自地;单独地”,用在实义动词后,相当于by oneself,在句中作状语
My father went to America alone and lived in a lonely village; he was alone but he didn't feel lonely. 我父亲独自去了美国,住在一个偏僻的村庄,他无人陪伴却不感到寂寞。
选词填空(可重复使用)。
lonely　alone
1.They have to leave their son 　 　 in the house when they go to work.
2.The old fisherman lives 　 　 in a small house near the sea, but he doesn't feel 　 　.
3.When she went to university, she felt very 　 　 because she knew no one there.
4.I know an old man who lives 　 　 in my hometown.
5.She was sitting 　 　 in the dark room.
6.He has lived in the 　 　 island for 10 days.
【参考答案】
教材梳理
一阶知识回顾
Unit 1　What's the matter
核心词汇
1.neck　2.foot　feet　3.throat　4.rest　5.cough　6.off
7.knee　8.nurse　9.situation　10.kilo　11.rock
12.blood　13.knife　knives　14.mean　15.spirit
16.death　17.risk
词汇拓展
1.no matter
2.stomachache　have a stomachache
3.lay　lain　lying　lie down　lie in
4.hurt　hurt
5.hit　hit　hitting
6.sickness/illness
7.breath
8.climb
9.important
10.make a decision to do sth.　decide　decide to do sth.
11.controlled　controlled　controlling
12.get into trouble　ask for trouble　trouble sb.　in trouble
重点短语
1.a heart problem
2.have a cold
3.take breaks/a break
4.take one's temperature
5.have a fever
6.get into
7.get off
8.run out (of)
9.cut off
10.get out of
11.give up
12.take risks/a risk
13.to one's surprise
14.be in control of
15.right away
Unit 2　I'll help to clean up the city parks.
核心词汇
1.sign　2.lonely　3.notice　4.alone　5.several
6.strong　7.blind　8.fix　9.repair　10.broken
11.journey　12.wheel　13.letter　14.disabled　15.deaf
16.open　17.door　18.clever　19.difficulty　20.feeling
词汇拓展
1.cheerful
2.satisfied　satisfy　satisfy one's need　be satisfied with
3.joyful　to one's joy
4.own
5.raise money
6.imagination
7.carried　carried　carries　carry on　carry out
8.kind
9.understood　understood
10.volunteer to do sth.
11.training
12.change into
重点短语
1.cheer up
2.clean up
3.cheer for sb.
4.come up with
5.set up
6.used to
7.care for
8.give/hand out
9.put off
10.call up
11.try out
12.take after
13.fix up
14.give away
15.make a difference
二阶语境巧记
1.foot　2.hurts　3.sign　4.blind　5.death　6.off
7.strong　8.letters　9.fix　10.trouble
三阶语篇串记
1.ourselves　2.easily　3.but　4.for　5.unhealthy　6.a
7.ways　8.coming　9.makes　10.better
考点讲堂
考点1
三悟:1.to travel　2.failing　3.working　4.to help
5.meaning　6.mean　7.meaningless
考点2
三悟:1.got off　2.get on the bus　3.get over it　4.get into　5.got out
考点3
三悟:1.volunteer　2.volunteer　3.volunteer
考点4
三悟:1.raise　rise　2.risen　3.raised/collected some money　4.was raised
考点5
三悟:1.hurt herself　hurts　2.hurt her leg　3.hurt
考点6
三悟:1.dance　2.eat　eating　3.sleeping　4.make　cooking
考点7
三悟:1.alone　2.alone　lonely　3.lonely　4.alone
5.alone　6.lonely

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