【2024年新沪教版】英语七上-Unit 5 Off to space-词汇学案(含答案)

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【2024年新沪教版】英语七上-Unit 5 Off to space-词汇学案(含答案)

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【2024年新沪教版】英语七上-U5 Off to space-词汇学案
词汇短语学习
No. Words Pronunciation Part of speech Chinese meaning
1 / s st m/ n. 系统
2 /fa l/ n. 档案
3 / me z / adj. 令人大为惊奇的
4 / pl n t/ n. 行星
5 / b lj n/ num. 十亿
6 / k v r/ v. 盖;覆盖
7 / e ri / n. 地区;地域
8 / fri z / adj. 极冷的
9 /n θ/ n. 北;北方
10 /p l/ n. (行星的)极;地极
11 / dez t/ n. 沙漠;荒漠
12 / mi t r/ n. 米
13 /ri:t / v. 足够达到
14 /ɡre n/ n. 谷粒
15 /wa d/ adj. 宽的;宽阔的
16 /we l/ n. 鲸
17 / b t fla / n. 蝴蝶
18 /pr va d/ v. 提供;供应
19 / k spl r/ v. 探索
20 / d s p r/ v. 消失;不见
21 / pl st k/ n. 塑料
22 /p lu n/ n. 污染
23 /pr tekt/ v. 保护
24 / kem k l/ n. 化学制品;化学品
25 / ɡrɑ ndw t r / n. 地下水
26 /b n/ v. 燃烧;烧
27 / l/ n. 石油;原油
28 /ɡ s/ n. 天然气
29 / hɑ mf l/ adj. 有害的
30 / websa t/ n. 网站
31 / n/ adj. 自己的;本人的
32 / emp r r/ n. 皇帝
33 /h nt/ v. 打猎
34 /w r/ n. 战争
35 / s ndst m/ n. 沙暴
36 /s lu n/ n. 解决办法
38 /bl / v. 刮;吹
38 / d en re n/ n. (统称) 一代人
1 太阳系
2 事实档案
3 被……覆盖
4 据我们所知
5 海平面
6 更重要的是
7 提供;供应;给予
8 塑料污染
9 砍倒
10 数以百计
11 吹走
Unit 5语言点
词性转换
1. ___________ v收集;采集—_______________n. 收藏品;(常指同类的)收集物
2. ____________ v.有....重;重—______________ n.重量;重
一词多义
1. ____________ n,实验v做实验 4. ___________ n.阅历;经历v, 经历;体验
2.__________ n.梦想;理想v做梦;梦见 5. ___________ n. 圆v环行
3. __________ n. 景色;风景v看;观看
重点用法
一.leave的用法
用法分析 leave意为“离开;出发;离去”,“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”;“ leave for+地点名词”意为“动身去某地”;而“leave+地点名词+for+另一地点名词”则表示“离开某地去另一地”。
我们现在必须出发。We have to leave now.
我们下周将要去北京。We are leaving for Beijing next week.
明天他们将离开南京去杭州。They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow.
注意 leave /leave for多用于进行时表达将来时的句型中。
He is leaving China for Britain tomorrow.他明天将离开中国到英国去。
考点拓展 leave还表示“遗忘,忘带”,即把某物遗忘在某处。
I often leave my wallet at home.我经常把钱包忘在家里。
二.because的用法
用法分析 because做连词“因为;由于”,引导原因状语从句,或回答why引导的特殊疑问句。
你为什么喜欢这个女孩?—Why do you like the girl?
因为她对我很友好。—Because she is friendly to me.
注意 在表达“因为……所以…”时,汉语总是成对出现,但英语中 because,so两者只能用其一,不能同时使用。
因为她非常聪明,所以我喜欢她。
F:Because she is very clever,so I like her.
T:Because she is very clever,I like her.
T:She is very clever,so I like her.
考点拓展 because引导的是原因状语从句。because of“因为”是介词短语,后接名词/代词/动名词。because of不能接从句。
He didn't go to school because of his illness.
= He didn't go to school because he was ill.因为生病,他没有上学。
即讲即练
— do people like swimming?
—Because it is good for their health.
A.When B.Where C.What D.Why
三.dream的用法
用法分析 dream做动词,意为“做梦;梦见”。做名词,意为“梦,梦想”,多用于表示心愿或理想。
He often dreams at night.他晚上经常做梦。
Everyone has his dreams.每个人都有梦想。
注意 若表示“梦想,梦见”时,要用 dream of/about(doing)sth.,意为“梦想/梦见(做)某事”。
Some day my dream of becoming a teacher will come true.总有一天我当教师的梦想会实现。
The boy dreams of being a pilot.这男孩子一心想当飞行员。
即讲即练 根据汉语提示完成句子
Hold on to your (梦想);one day it may come true.
四.hundred的用法
用法分析 hundred百,数词,前面可以加具体的数字,表示“……百”。
我仅有三百元钱。I have only three hundred yuan.
考点拓展 hundreds of表示“数百的,成百上千的”。
Hundreds of students are having a meeting in the hall.数百名学生正在礼堂里开会。
中考特殊考点(1)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),这几个词前面有具体的数词(one,two...)时,不能在它们的后面加s和of。
(2)“hundreds of /thousands of/millions of+名词”,表示“数百的/数千的/数百万的……”。这几个带of的短语前不能加具体数字,但可以加some,several,hundreds of等修饰。
five hundred people五百人 hundreds of trees 成百上千棵树 three thousand students三千名学生thousands of tourists成千上万名游客
即讲即练
In our hometown, villagers leave for big cities to look for jobs.
A.two hundreds of B.hundred of
C.hundreds of D.two hundreds
五.be interested in的用法
用法分析 be interested in sth.表示“对…感兴趣”,主语通常是“人”,相当于take/ have interest in。
我对这个有趣的课题感兴趣。I'm interested in the interesting project.
考点辨析 interest,interesting,interested
interest 名词“兴趣”;做动词“使……产生兴趣。places of Interest名胜古迹。
interesting 形容词“有趣的,令人产生兴趣的”,表示事物的词做主语或 interesting做定语。
interested 形容词“对……感兴趣的,对……表现出兴趣的”,指某人对某事物感兴趣,常是人做主语。be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣。
He interested me in politics.他使我对政治产生了兴趣。
This book is interesting.这本书很有趣。
Are you interested in English?你对英语感兴趣吗?
即讲即练 根据汉语提示完成句子
Nowadays,many foreigners (对……感兴趣)learning Chinese.
六.It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法
用法分析take意为“花费”,It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”。It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。此句型可换为人做主语,即Sb. spends+时间(+in) doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事。
晚上他要花一小时做作业。It takes him an hour to do his homework in the evening.
=He spends an hour doing his homework in the evening.
It takes me ten minutes to walk to school from here.从这儿步行去学校我需要花10分钟。
即讲即练
It often takes me two hours my homework in the evening.
A.do B.doing C.to do
七.It is+adj.(for sb.)+to do sth.的用法
用法分析“It is+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词(如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等)。
It is easy for me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。
考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等)时,用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。
It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
即讲即练
It's necessary for us English well.
A.to learn B.learning C.learn
八.so的用法
用法分析so意为“因此,所以”。连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示结果。
爱丽丝努力学习,因此她能够通过这次考试。
Alice studies hard,so she can pass the exam.
注意 so与 because不能同时使用。
Math is interesting,so I like it.数学很有趣,所以我喜欢它。
I like math because it's interesting.我喜欢数学,因为它有趣。
即讲即练 Taxi Apps(打车软件)can help us travel around more easily. more and more people like using them.
A.Or B.So C.And D.But
九.so that的用法
用法分析 so that意为“以便,为了,为的是”,引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that,从句中常使用can/could/may/might /will/should/shall等情态动词或助动词。so that还可以引导结果状语从句,前面常用逗号隔开,意为“所以”。
我们早早地出发以便能按时到达。We set out early so that we can arrive on time.
=We set out early in order that we can arrive on time.
他起得早,所以赶上了早班公交车。He got up early so that he caught the early bus.
考点拓展so...that...意为“如此……以至于”,so修饰形容词或副词原级,that引导结果状语从句。
The computer is so expensive that I can't afford it.这台电脑太贵了,以至于我买不起。
即讲即练 根据汉语意思完成句子
我们应该学好英语,以便能向世界讲述中国故事。
We should learn English well we can tell China stories to the world.
十.stop的用法
用法分析 stop动词“停止,中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。
考点辨析 stop doing sth.,stop to do sth
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事,动名词做宾语。
stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。
当我妈妈进来的时候,我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV.
我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest.
考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。
The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。
即讲即练 Please stop and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes.
A. to study;wearing B. studying;to wear
C. to study;to wear D. studying;wearing
十一.prepare的用法
用法分析prepare动词,意为“准备;预备;提防(某种情况)”。prepare for...为…….做准备。
我们正在为英语考试做准备。We are preparing for the English test.
她正在准备晚饭。She is preparing dinner.
考点拓展
prepare的搭配 prepare sth. 准备某物/事
prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
prepare for… 为……做准备
be prepared against sth. 对……做好准备(指不好的事情)
prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河,突然下雨了。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。
We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。
即讲即练 To prepare a big exam, the students in Class 2 are all working hard.
A. in B. for C. about D. of
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【2024年新沪教版】英语七上-U5 Off to space-词汇学案
词汇短语学习
No. Words Pronunciation Part of speech Chinese meaning
1 system / s st m/ n. 系统
2 file /fa l/ n. 档案
3 amazing / me z / adj. 令人大为惊奇的
4 planet / pl n t/ n. 行星
5 *billion / b lj n/ num. 十亿
6 cover / k v r/ v. 盖;覆盖
7 area / e ri / n. 地区;地域
8 freezing / fri z / adj. 极冷的
9 north /n θ/ n. 北;北方
10 pole /p l/ n. (行星的)极;地极
11 desert / dez t/ n. 沙漠;荒漠
12 metre / mi t r/ n. 米
13 reach /ri:t / v. 足够达到
14 *grain /ɡre n/ n. 谷粒
15 wide /wa d/ adj. 宽的;宽阔的
16 whale /we l/ n. 鲸
17 butterfly / b t fla / n. 蝴蝶
18 provide /pr va d/ v. 提供;供应
19 explore / k spl r/ v. 探索
20 disappear / d s p r/ v. 消失;不见
21 plastic / pl st k/ n. 塑料
22 pollution /p lu n/ n. 污染
23 protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护
24 *chemical / kem k l/ n. 化学制品;化学品
25 groundwater / ɡrɑ ndw t r / n. 地下水
26 burn /b n/ v. 燃烧;烧
27 oil / l/ n. 石油;原油
28 gas /ɡ s/ n. 天然气
29 harmful / hɑ mf l/ adj. 有害的
30 website / websa t/ n. 网站
31 own / n/ adj. 自己的;本人的
32 emperor / emp r r/ n. 皇帝
33 hunt /h nt/ v. 打猎
34 war /w r/ n. 战争
35 sandstorm / s ndst m/ n. 沙暴
36 solution /s lu n/ n. 解决办法
38 blow /bl / v. 刮;吹
38 generation / d en re n/ n. (统称) 一代人
1 solar system 太阳系
2 fact file 事实档案
3 be covered by 被……覆盖
4 as far as we know 据我们所知
5 sea level 海平面
6 what's more 更重要的是
7 provide...with... 提供;供应;给予
8 plastic pollution 塑料污染
9 cut down 砍倒
10 hundreds of 数以百计
11 blow away 吹走
Unit 5语言点
词性转换
1. collect v收集;采集—collection n. 收藏品;(常指同类的)收集物
2. weigh v.有....重;重—weight n.重量;重
一词多义.
1, experiment n,实验v做实验 4. experience n.阅历;经历v, 经历;体验
2.dream n.梦想;理想v做梦;梦见 5. circle n. 圆v环行
3. view n. 景色;风景v看;观看
重点用法
一.leave的用法
用法分析 leave意为“离开;出发;离去”,“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”;“ leave for+地点名词”意为“动身去某地”;而“leave+地点名词+for+另一地点名词”则表示“离开某地去另一地”。
我们现在必须出发。We have to leave now.
我们下周将要去北京。We are leaving for Beijing next week.
明天他们将离开南京去杭州。They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow.
注意 leave /leave for多用于进行时表达将来时的句型中。
He is leaving China for Britain tomorrow.他明天将离开中国到英国去。
考点拓展 leave还表示“遗忘,忘带”,即把某物遗忘在某处。
I often leave my wallet at home.我经常把钱包忘在家里。
二.because的用法
用法分析 because做连词“因为;由于”,引导原因状语从句,或回答why引导的特殊疑问句。
你为什么喜欢这个女孩?—Why do you like the girl?
因为她对我很友好。—Because she is friendly to me.
注意 在表达“因为……所以…”时,汉语总是成对出现,但英语中 because,so两者只能用其一,不能同时使用。
因为她非常聪明,所以我喜欢她。
F:Because she is very clever,so I like her.
T:Because she is very clever,I like her.
T:She is very clever,so I like her.
考点拓展 because引导的是原因状语从句。because of“因为”是介词短语,后接名词/代词/动名词。because of不能接从句。
He didn't go to school because of his illness.
= He didn't go to school because he was ill.因为生病,他没有上学。
即讲即练
—___D___do people like swimming?
—Because it is good for their health.
A.When B.Where C.What D.Why
三.dream的用法
用法分析 dream做动词,意为“做梦;梦见”。做名词,意为“梦,梦想”,多用于表示心愿或理想。
He often dreams at night.他晚上经常做梦。
Everyone has his dreams.每个人都有梦想。
注意 若表示“梦想,梦见”时,要用 dream of/about(doing)sth.,意为“梦想/梦见(做)某事”。
Some day my dream of becoming a teacher will come true.总有一天我当教师的梦想会实现。
The boy dreams of being a pilot.这男孩子一心想当飞行员。
即讲即练 根据汉语提示完成句子
Hold on to your___dream___(梦想);one day it may come true.
四.hundred的用法
用法分析 hundred百,数词,前面可以加具体的数字,表示“……百”。
我仅有三百元钱。I have only three hundred yuan.
考点拓展 hundreds of表示“数百的,成百上千的”。
Hundreds of students are having a meeting in the hall.数百名学生正在礼堂里开会。
中考特殊考点(1)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),这几个词前面有具体的数词(one,two...)时,不能在它们的后面加s和of。
(2)“hundreds of /thousands of/millions of+名词”,表示“数百的/数千的/数百万的……”。这几个带of的短语前不能加具体数字,但可以加some,several,hundreds of等修饰。
five hundred people五百人 hundreds of trees 成百上千棵树 three thousand students三千名学生thousands of tourists成千上万名游客
即讲即练
In our hometown,___C___villagers leave for big cities to look for jobs.
A.two hundreds of B.hundred of
C.hundreds of D.two hundreds
五.be interested in的用法
用法分析 be interested in sth.表示“对…感兴趣”,主语通常是“人”,相当于take/ have interest in。
我对这个有趣的课题感兴趣。I'm interested in the interesting project.
考点辨析 interest,interesting,interested
interest 名词“兴趣”;做动词“使……产生兴趣。places of Interest名胜古迹。
interesting 形容词“有趣的,令人产生兴趣的”,表示事物的词做主语或 interesting做定语。
interested 形容词“对……感兴趣的,对……表现出兴趣的”,指某人对某事物感兴趣,常是人做主语。be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣。
He interested me in politics.他使我对政治产生了兴趣。
This book is interesting.这本书很有趣。
Are you interested in English?你对英语感兴趣吗?
即讲即练 根据汉语提示完成句子
Nowadays,many foreigners___are/get/become___ ___interested___ ___in___(对……感兴趣)learning Chinese.
六.It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法
用法分析take意为“花费”,It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”。It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。此句型可换为人做主语,即Sb. spends+时间(+in) doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事。
晚上他要花一小时做作业。It takes him an hour to do his homework in the evening.
=He spends an hour doing his homework in the evening.
It takes me ten minutes to walk to school from here.从这儿步行去学校我需要花10分钟。
即讲即练
It often takes me two hours___C___ my homework in the evening.
A.do B.doing C.to do
七.It is+adj.(for sb.)+to do sth.的用法
用法分析“It is+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词(如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等)。
It is easy for me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。
考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等)时,用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。
It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
即讲即练
It's necessary for us___A___ English well.
A.to learn B.learning C.learn
八.so的用法
用法分析so意为“因此,所以”。连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示结果。
爱丽丝努力学习,因此她能够通过这次考试。
Alice studies hard,so she can pass the exam.
注意 so与 because不能同时使用。
Math is interesting,so I like it.数学很有趣,所以我喜欢它。
I like math because it's interesting.我喜欢数学,因为它有趣。
即讲即练 Taxi Apps(打车软件)can help us travel around more easily.___B___ more and more people like using them.
A.Or B.So C.And D.But
九.so that的用法
用法分析 so that意为“以便,为了,为的是”,引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that,从句中常使用can/could/may/might /will/should/shall等情态动词或助动词。so that还可以引导结果状语从句,前面常用逗号隔开,意为“所以”。
我们早早地出发以便能按时到达。We set out early so that we can arrive on time.
=We set out early in order that we can arrive on time.
他起得早,所以赶上了早班公交车。He got up early so that he caught the early bus.
考点拓展so...that...意为“如此……以至于”,so修饰形容词或副词原级,that引导结果状语从句。
The computer is so expensive that I can't afford it.这台电脑太贵了,以至于我买不起。
即讲即练 根据汉语意思完成句子
我们应该学好英语,以便能向世界讲述中国故事。
We should learn English well so that we can tell China stories to the world.
十.stop的用法
用法分析 stop动词“停止,中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。
考点辨析 stop doing sth.,stop to do sth
stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事,动名词做宾语。
stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。
当我妈妈进来的时候,我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV.
我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest.
考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。
The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。
即讲即练 Please stop ___B___ and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes.
A. to study;wearing B. studying;to wear
C. to study;to wear D. studying;wearing
十一.prepare的用法
用法分析prepare动词,意为“准备;预备;提防(某种情况)”。prepare for...为…….做准备。
我们正在为英语考试做准备。We are preparing for the English test.
她正在准备晚饭。She is preparing dinner.
考点拓展
prepare的搭配 prepare sth. 准备某物/事
prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
prepare for… 为……做准备
be prepared against sth. 对……做好准备(指不好的事情)
prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河,突然下雨了。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。
We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。
即讲即练 To prepare ___B___ a big exam, the students in Class 2 are all working hard.
A. in B. for C. about D. of
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