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八年级上册Unit 1 Topic 2 核心知识点梳理
一、核心词汇
mind：v. 介意；反对
例句：I don’t mind the heat.（我不在乎炎热。）
somewhere：不定副词，某地
例句：Can we go somewhere cool （我们能去个凉快的地方吗？）
right away/at once：立刻，马上
例句：He left right away.（他立刻离开了。）
throw：v. 扔
例句：He threw the ball 20 meters away.（他把球扔出20米。）
fall ill：生病
例句：Yesterday my mother fell ill.（昨天我妈妈生病了。）
practice：v. 练习
例句：You should practice speaking English every morning.（你应当每天早上练习说英语。）
keep：v. 保持
例句：Keep trying.（继续努力。）
shout at：斥责某人/对某人大声叫
例句：Don't shout at me.（不要对我大喊大叫。）
fight against：与…争论/打架
例句：He fought against his brother.（他和他的兄弟打架。）
do one’s best：努力，尽力
例句：He did his best to win the game.（他尽最大努力去赢得比赛。）
be angry with：生某人的气
例句：She is angry with her friend.（她生她朋友的气。）
invent：v. 发明
例句：Edison invented the electric light bulb.（爱迪生发明了电灯泡。）
at first：起初，首先
例句：At first, I didn't like English.（起初，我不喜欢英语。）
so that：以便；因此
例句：He gets up early so that he won't be late for school.（他早起以便上学不迟到。）
例句：I missed many math lessons this term, so that I didn't pass the exam.（我这学期缺了很多数学课，因此我没有通过考试。）
come into being：形成
例句：The universe came into being billions of years ago.（宇宙在数十亿年前形成。）
二、核心短语
one of...：意为“……中的一个”，后接可数名词的复数。
例句：One of the girls is my sister.（其中一个女孩是我妹妹。）
例句：Wang Hao is one of the most popular table tennis players in China.（王皓是中国最受欢迎的乒乓球运动员之一。）
have a history of +时间段：表示有多长的历史。
例句：China has a history of more than five thousand years.（中国有五千多年的历史。）
throw...around：把…扔得到处都是。
例句：Don't throw your toys around.（不要把你的玩具扔得到处都是。）
keep doing sth：继续/持续做某事。
例句：Keep smiling.（保持微笑。）
do/try one’s best to do sth：尽力做某事。
例句：I will do my best to help you.（我会尽我所能帮助你。）
be sorry for/about sth：为……感到（懊悔、自责、惭愧）
例句：I'm sorry for what I said.（我为我说的话感到抱歉。）
stop……from doing sth：阻止……做某事。
例句：We should stop him from smoking.（我们应该阻止他吸烟。）
follow the rules：遵守规则。
例句：We should follow the rules in school.（我们应该在学校遵守规则。）
It’s + adj.+for sb.+to do sth：对某人来说做某事很……
例句：It's important for us to learn English.（对我们来说学习英语很重要。）
enjoy doing sth：喜欢做某事。
例句：He enjoys reading very much.（他非常喜欢读书。）
more and more + 名词/形容词：越来越多的……/越来越……
例句：More and more people like traveling.（越来越多的人喜欢旅游。）
例句：The city is becoming more and more beautiful.（这个城市变得越来越美丽。）
三、核心句型
Would/Do you mind + doing sth ：你介意……吗？
例句：Would you mind teaching me English （你介意教我英语吗？）
答语：Not at all.（一点也不介意。）
Would/Do you mind not + doing sth ：你介意不要……吗？
例句：Would you mind not talking here （你介意不要在这里说话吗？）
答语：I am sorry about that. I won't do that again.（对此我很抱歉，我不会再那样做了。）
Could you …… ：你能……吗？
例句：Could you help me （你能帮助我吗？）
Will you …… ：你能……吗？
例句：Will you open the door for me （你能为我开门吗？）
What/How about +doing sth ：……怎么样呢？（表示建议）
例句：What about going for a walk （去散步怎么样？）
四、核心语法知识点
1、形容词修饰不定副词、不定代词时的位置：形容词修饰不定副词、不定代词时，常放在其后（右）。
例句：I want something delicious.（我想要一些可口的东西。）
“one of+...”作主语时谓语动词的形式：“one of+...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例句：One of the girls is my sister.（其中一个女孩是我妹妹。）
2、目的状语从句和结果状语从句：
目的状语从句：so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”。
例句：He gets up early so that he won't be late for school.（他早起以便上学不迟
到。）
结果状语从句：so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此”，也可用so... that...句式，意为“如此……以至于……”。
例句：I missed many math lessons this term, so that I didn't pass the exam.（我这学期缺了很多数学课，因此我没有通过考试。）
例句：He ran so quickly that he won the race.（他跑得非常快，赢得了那场比赛。）
一、单项选择
1. Would you mind ______ the window It's a bit hot.
Not at all.
A. open B. opening C. to open D. opened
2. One of my ______ is from Australia.
A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendship
3. He fell ill yesterday, so he didn't go to school. The underlined part means ______.
A. got up B. got sick C. got happy D. got tired
4. Could you pass me the book
______
A. Yes, I could. B. No, I couldn't. C. Sure. Here you are. D. You're welcome.
5. We should practice ______ English every day.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. speaks
6. He tries his best ______ good grades.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
7. What about ______ to the park this weekend
Good idea.
A. go B. going C. to go D. goes
8. I'm sorry for ______ you waiting so long.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept
9. She is angry ______ her brother because he broke her toy.
A. with B. to C. for D. at
10. Edison is a great ______. He invented many useful things.
A. invent B. invention C. inventor D. inventing
11. At first, I didn't understand the question. But ______, I got it.
A. at once B. right away C. later D. immediately
12. The boy throws the ball ______ his friend.
A. at B. to C. for D. with
13. Do you mind not ______ here
Sorry, I won't do it again.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
14. There are more and more ______ in the city.
A. build B. building C. builds D. buildings
15. It's important ______ us to learn from mistakes.
A. for B. to C. of D. with
16. She enjoys ______ in the river in summer.
A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swam
17. We should stop children from ______ too much TV.
A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched
18. Will you help me with my homework
______. I'm busy now.
A. Certainly B. Of course C. I'm sorry, I can't D. Not at all
19. One of the keys ______ on the table.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
20. She has a history of ______ years of dancing.
A. five B. fifth C. the fifth D. fives
21. He works hard so that he ______ get good grades.
A. can B. could C. must D. may
22. The old man shouted ______ the boy because he was too noisy.
A. at B. to C. for D. with
23. My mother ______ me a story every night before I go to bed.
A. tells B. tell C. told D. is telling
24. How about ______ a party this Friday
Sounds great.
A. have B. having C. to have D. had
25. I want to go ______ cool this summer vacation.
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. nowhere
二、词汇运用
1. She didn't ______ (介意) waiting for an hour.
2. The boy ______ (扔) the stone into the river.
3. We should ______ (遵守) the school rules.
4. He ______ (生病) last week and didn't go to school.
5. The city has a long ______ (历史).
三、句型转换
1. I don't mind the noise. (改为一般疑问句)
______ you ______ the noise
2. He does his best to learn English. (同义句转换)
He ______ his ______ to learn English.
3. She was angry with her sister. (对划线部分提问)
______ was she angry with
4. We should practice speaking English every day. (改为否定句)
We ______ practice speaking English every day.
5. The boy threw the ball to his friend. (改为同义句)
The boy threw his friend ______.
四、完型填空
I have a good friend. His name is Tom. He is 13 years old. He is one of my best 1. We often play together.
One day, we went to the park. It was a sunny day. We wanted to play football. But when we got there, we found that there were some people 2 on the grass. Tom 3 them not to do that. But they didn't listen. They 4 shouted at Tom. Tom was very angry. He wanted to 5 them, but I stopped him. I said, "We should keep calm and try to 6 them understand." So we went to talk to them again. We told them that it was wrong to 7 the grass and that we should 8 the environment. Finally, they realized their mistake and left the grass.
We then had a great time playing football. Tom is a very 9 person. He always tries his 10 to do the right thing. I'm proud to have such a good friend.
1. A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendship
2. A. sitting B. sit C. sat D. to sit
3. A. tell B. told C. tells D. telling
4. A. even B. ever C. never D. still
5. A. fight against B. fight for C. fight with D. fight about
6. A. make B. made C. making D. to make
7. A. throw B. throw around C. damage D. protect
8. A. enjoy B. protect C. practice D. invent
9. A. kind B. happy C. angry D. sad
10. A. well B. better C. best D. good
五、阅读理解
Passage 1
Mike is a student. He studies hard and he is very helpful. One day, his classmate Lily fell ill. She had a fever and couldn't go to school. Mike was very worried about her. He went to Lily's home after school to help her with her lessons.
He didn't mind spending his free time helping Lily. He explained every question carefully to her. Lily was very grateful to him. With Mike's help, Lily caught up with the lessons soon.
1. What happened to Lily
A. She lost her book. B. She fell ill. C. She had a fight with her friend. D. She failed the exam.
2. What did Mike do after school
A. He went home to play games. B. He went to Lily's home to help her. C. He went to the park to play football. D. He went to the library to read books.
3. How did Lily feel about Mike's help
A. She didn't care. B. She was angry. C. She was grateful. D. She was sad.
4. Mike is a ______ student.
A. lazy B. hardworking C. naughty D. bad
5. The underlined word "caught up with" means ______ in Chinese.
A. 落后 B. 放弃 C. 赶上 D. 喜欢
Passage 2
Inventions have changed our lives a lot. Edison is a very famous inventor. He invented many important things, such as the electric light bulb. His inventions made our lives more convenient.
Nowadays, there are more and more inventions. For example, the mobile phone is a very useful invention. We can use it to communicate with others, take pictures, listen to music and so on.
However, every invention has its advantages and disadvantages. The mobile phone also has some disadvantages. Some people spend too much time on it, which affects their eyesight and study or work.
1. Who is a famous inventor mentioned in the text
A. Newton. B. Einstein. C. Edison. D. Darwin.
2. What did Edison invent
A. The mobile phone. B. The computer. C. The electric light bulb. D. The TV.
3. What can we do with a mobile phone
A. Only make calls. B. Only send messages. C. Communicate, take pictures and listen to music. D. Only play games.
4. The mobile phone has some ______.
A. advantages B. disadvantages C. both A and B D. neither A nor B
5. What is the main idea of this text
A. To introduce Edison's inventions. B. To talk about the mobile phone. C. To show the importance of inventions and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of an invention. D. To encourage people to invent more things.
Passage 3
We should follow the rules in our daily life. Rules are very important for us. For example, in school, we should follow the school rules. We should come to school on time, wear the school uniform and listen to the teachers carefully.
At home, we should also follow some rules. We should respect our parents, help with the housework and keep our room clean.
In society, we need to follow traffic rules. We should stop at red lights and go at green lights. We should walk on the sidewalk and not run around in the street.
If we all follow the rules, our society will be more harmonious and our lives will be better.
1. Why are rules important
A. Because they make our lives more difficult. B. Because they make our lives more interesting. C. Because they make our lives more harmonious and better. D. Because they make our lives more exciting.
2. In school, we should NOT ______.
A. come to school on time B. wear the school uniform C. listen to the teachers carefully D. fight with classmates
3. At home, we should ______.
A. respect our parents B. help with the housework C. keep our room clean D. all of the above
4. In society, we should stop at ______ lights.
A. red B. green C. yellow D. blue
5. The text mainly tells us about ______.
A. school rules B. home rules C. traffic rules D. the importance of rules and different kinds of rules
六、情景交际
1. A: Would you mind opening the window
B: ______
A. Not at all. B. Yes, I would. C. No, I don't. D. Of course.
2. A: I'm sorry for being late.
B: ______
A. That's right. B. It doesn't matter. C. You're welcome. D. All right.
3. A: What about going to the movies tonight
B: ______ I have to study for a test.
A. Sounds great. B. I'd love to. C. I'm afraid not. D. No problem.
4. A: I fell ill and didn't go to school yesterday.
B: ______ Are you better now
A. I'm sorry to hear that. B. That's too bad. C. Congratulations. D. Good luck.
5. A: Could you help me with my English
B: ______
A. No, I couldn't. B. Sorry, I'm busy. C. I'd be glad to. D. You're welcome.
七、书面表达
题目：假设你是李华，你的朋友大明生病了，请你用英语给他写一封信，表达你的关心和问候，并给他一些建议，如多喝水、好好休息、按时吃药等。要求字数在80词左右。
一、单项选择答案
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. C
11. C
12. B
13. B
14. D
15. A
16. B
17. C
18. C
19. A
20. A
21. A
22. A
23. A
24. B
25. A
二、词汇运用答案
1. mind
2. threw
3. follow
4. fell ill
5. history
三、句型转换答案
1. Do；mind
2. tries；best
3. Who
4. shouldn't
5. the ball
四、完型填空答案
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. C
五、阅读理解答案
Passage 1
1. B
答案定位信息：One day, his classmate Lily fell ill.（第一段第二句）
定位信息翻译：一天，他的同学莉莉生病了。
2. B
答案定位信息：He went to Lily's home after school to help her with her lessons.（第一段第四句）
定位信息翻译：放学后他去莉莉家帮助她学习功课。
3. C
答案定位信息：Lily was very grateful to him.（第二段第三句）
定位信息翻译：莉莉非常感激他。
4. B
答案定位信息：He studies hard and he is very helpful.（第一段第一、二句）
定位信息翻译：他学习努力并且很乐于助人。
5. C
答案定位信息：With Mike's help, Lily caught up with the lessons soon.（第二段第四句）
定位信息翻译：在迈克的帮助下，莉莉很快赶上了课程。
Passage 2
1. C
答案定位信息：Edison is a very famous inventor.（第一段第二句）
定位信息翻译：爱迪生是一位非常著名的发明家。
2. C
答案定位信息：He invented many important things, such as the electric light bulb.（第一段第三句）
定位信息翻译：他发明了许多重要的东西，比如电灯泡。
3. C
答案定位信息：We can use it to communicate with others, take pictures, listen to music and so on.（第二段第三句）
定位信息翻译：我们可以用它和其他人交流、拍照、听音乐等等。
4. B
答案定位信息：However, every invention has its advantages and disadvantages. The mobile phone also has some disadvantages.（第三段第一、二句）
定位信息翻译：然而，每一项发明都有它的优点和缺点。手机也有一些缺点。
5. C
答案定位信息：With Mike's help, Lily caught up with the lessons soon.（第二段第四句）
定位信息翻译：在迈克的帮助下，莉莉很快赶上了课程。（此处是重复利用解析，以说明“catch up with”的意思。原文本中对该词组的理解可以根据上下文，如莉莉生病缺课，在迈克帮助下能很快跟上，即“赶上”课程）
Passage 3
1. C
答案定位信息：If we all follow the rules, our society will be more harmonious and our lives will be better.（最后一段）
定位信息翻译：如果我们都遵守规则，我们的社会将会更和谐，我们的生活将会更好。
2. D
答案定位信息：In school, we should follow the school rules. We should come to school on time, wear the school uniform and listen to the teachers carefully.（第一段第二、三句）
定位信息翻译：在学校，我们应该遵守学校规则。我们应该按时到校，穿校服并且认真听老师讲课。文中未提及可以和同学打架，所以选D。
3. D
答案定位信息：At home, we should also follow some rules. We should respect our parents, help with the housework and keep our room clean.（第二段）
定位信息翻译：在家里，我们也应该遵守一些规则。我们应该尊重父母，帮忙做家务并且保持房间干净。
4. A
答案定位信息：In society, we need to follow traffic rules. We should stop at red lights and go at green lights.（第三段第二句）
定位信息翻译：在社会上，我们需要遵守交通规则。我们应该在红灯时停下，绿灯时通行。
5. D
答案定位信息：全文围绕规则展开，分别阐述了学校、家庭和社会中的规则以及遵守规则的重要性。
定位信息翻译：无（因为是对全文主旨的概括）
六、情景交际
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. C
七、书面表达范文
Dear Daming,
I'm sorry to hear that you fell ill. How are you feeling now You should drink more water and have a good rest. Remember to take the medicine on time. If you need any help, please let me know. I hope you will get well soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
范文翻译
亲爱的大明：
听说你生病了我很难过。你现在感觉怎么样？你应该多喝水并且好好休息。记得按时吃药。如果你需要任何帮助，请告诉我。我希望你能很快好起来。
你的，
李华
赏析
有用的词汇：
fall ill：生病，准确表达了朋友生病的情况。
drink：喝，常用动词，这里用于建议多喝水。
rest：休息，符合生病需要休息的语境。
medicine：药，是给出建议的关键词汇。
有用的短语：
on time：按时，用于强调按时吃药的重要性。
get well：康复，表达对朋友身体恢复的期望。
有用的句型：
I'm sorry to hear that...：听到……我很抱歉，用于表达对不好消息的同情，是常用的交际句型。
You should...：你应该……，用于提出建议，结构简单明了。

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