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9A Unit 8 Detective stories 知识清单
Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.
1.detective stories 侦探故事 【detective作形容词： 侦探的】
【注】detective 也可作n. 侦探; 警探; 私人侦探; eg: a detective 一名侦探
2.be dressed like that 穿成那样
Eg: He is dressed like a bear. 他穿得像只熊。
3.A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important. 【定语从句】
侦探就是寻找重要事件线索的人。
★look for clues to something important 寻找重要事件的线索
【归纳】the way to ; the key to ; the answer to ; the trip to ; the clue to
4.much more serious 严重得多 【much修饰比较级】
5.My food has gone missing. 我的食物不见了。 【missing adj.= lost 丢失的，缺少的】
★go missing(短动词） 或 be missing(长动词，系表结构)【missing为形容词:不见了】
【拓展】①go bad 变坏， go wrong 出故障，出错
②look for the missing boy. 寻找失踪的男孩
【区分】①gone：失去的，强调时间、情况等一去不复返，只可作表语。
②missing：丢失的，指暂时不在或找不到的，另外还有“被损毁的，缺少的，失踪的”等意思，可作定语、表语。
③lost：失去的，指无法再找到的，另外还有“迷路的，困惑的”等含义，可作定
语、表语。
6.They have to find out who the murderer is. 他们得搞清楚凶手是谁。
7.make notes on the suspects 给嫌疑犯做笔录 【suspect作名词：嫌疑犯；作动词：怀疑】
8.be most likely to be the murderer 最有可能成为凶手
9.Who do you think is not telling the truth 你认为谁没有说实话？
= Do you think who is not telling the truth（宾从）
★tell the truth 说实话，说出真相
10.I guess Jimmy White is lying. 我猜吉米 怀特正在撒谎。
①lie作动词时 （a）躺 lie →lay→ lain （b）撒谎 lie →lied→ lied
★ lie to sb.对某人撒谎 eg: He is lying to his mother.
②lie作名词时：谎言 eg: tell a lie/ tell lies 撒谎
11.an office worker of medium height 一名中等身材的办公室职员
【拓展】the height of … ……的高度
12.look untidy and nervous 看上去不整洁并且紧张
二、Reading
1.the body of a 22-year-old man 一具22岁的男尸
2.He was last seen leaving his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. 【see sb. doing sth.看见某人在做某事】
他昨天晚上7：00最后一次被看到离开他的办公室。
【归纳】see sb. do sth. (主动) → sb. be seen to do sth. (被动)
see sb. doing sth. (主动) → sb. be seen doing sth. (被动)
3.They’re still working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found.
他们还在案发现场工作以查明那个受害者是否在其它某个地方被杀，然后抛尸至西镇，或者
就在被发现的地点被杀。
①at the scene of the crime 在案发现场
②be killed somewhere else 在其他某个地方被谋杀
③be killed at the place where he was found(定语从句）在发现尸体的地方被杀
④be brought to … 被带到…
4.We’re asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night(定从) to contact us.
我们正在叫任何在Corn Street 附近看到任何不寻常的事情的人联系我们。
①anything unusual任何不寻常的事情
②contact sb. on + 电话号码 打......电话号码联系某人
Eg: contact the police on 110 打110联系警方
5.the chief /top detective首席侦探
6.The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result.
受害者被一把刀刺伤，导致流血而死。
★①be wounded with a knife 被刀致伤 【wound名词：伤口；动词（vt.)：使......受伤】
★②bleed to death 流血致死 【blood名词（不可数）：血 → bleed动词（vt.)：流血】
bleed → bled(过去式) → bled(过去分词) → bleeding (现在分词)
相似的有： met → met →met; feed → fed → fed
③as a result 结果；因此
7.We are now checking the scene for more clues which will help solve the case(定从).
我们正在检查现场以获取更多可以帮助解决案件的线索。
①check the scene for more clues 检查现场以获取更多的线索
②help solve the case 帮助破案
8.be single 单身的(未婚的) → be married 已婚的
9.a well-paid job 一份待遇丰厚的工作
10.However, according to the record, he was guilty of computer crimes in the past.
然而，根据记录，他过去有电脑犯罪的前科。
①according to the record 根据记录
②be guilty of … 犯有…的罪 eg: He is guilty of robbery. 他犯有抢劫罪。
③computer crimes电脑犯罪活动
11.He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year.
他去年被指控曾闯入多台电脑系统
①charge: 作动词: 收(费); (向…) 要价; 把…记在账上; 控告; 起诉;充电
作名词: (商品和服务所需的) 要价，收费; 指控; 控告; 指责; 谴责;
②charge sb. with sth. 以某罪指控某人 【主动】→ be charged with sth.【被动】
③…be charged with (doing) … 被指控(做).......
④break into 强行闯入
⑤computer systems电脑系统
12.We’re not sure whether this made him any enemies. 我们不确定他是否因此树敌。
★make sb. enemies使某人树敌 【enemy→ 复数: enemies 】
13. We suppose that the victim knew his murderer（宾从）. 我们推断受害人认识凶手。
14.The only suspect is a short thin man who was seen running down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night.
唯一的一名嫌疑人是昨晚10点被人看见正在沿着Corn Street奔跑的一位又矮又瘦的男人。
①the only suspect 唯一的嫌疑犯
②be seen running down / along.... 被看见正在沿着…奔跑
15.A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt（宾从）.
一名证人汇报他气喘吁吁，衬衫上有血。
①breathe heavily 气喘吁吁 = be out of breath
②have blood on the shirt 衬衫上有血迹
16.at the time of the crime 在案发时间
17.The victim’s parents have offered a reward of ￥50,000 for any information that leads to the
arrest of the murderer.(定从)
受害人的父母愿意出五万元人民币对提供线索抓获凶手的人给予奖励。
①offer a reward of… for… 为…悬赏…钱
②lead to the arrest of the murderer 导致凶手被捕【arrest作名词：逮捕】【lead to = cause】
③★arrest sb. for sth. 因某罪某人 【主动，arrest 作动词】
→ sb. be arrested for sth. 某人因某罪而被逮捕 【被动, arrest 作动词】
= sb. be under arrest for sth. 某人因某罪而被逮捕 【被动, arrest 作名词】
18.Anyone who can provide useful information(定从) should contact the police.
任何能够提供有用信息的人应该联系警方。
★the police 警方【集体名词，作主语时看作复数，注意谓语动词的形式】
19.do something wrong 做错事
20.do something against the law 做违法的事
21.speak and act against you 在言行上反对你
22.arrest the murderer 逮捕凶手
三、Grammar
【语法】A. 什么叫定语？
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。
1.a beautiful girl (beautiful是前置定语，放在名词前）
2. the film directed by Zhang Yimou (directed by Zhang Yimou是过去分词短语作后置定语）
3. the book on the desk (on the desk 是介词短语作后置定语，放在名词后）
4.the boy standing under the tree (standing under the tree是现在分词短语作后置定语）
5. apple trees (apple是名词作前置定语）
6. his book (his 是形容词性物主代词作前置定语）
7. three apples (three是现数词作前置定语）
8. I have much homework to do. (to do 是动词不定式作后置定语）
下面以分词、介词短语为例：
①The girl behind the tree is Kate.
②The man driving too fast is a drunk（醉汉）.
提醒：大多数后置定语可以改为定语从句。
【语法】B. 限制性定语从句（Defining relative clauses) 相关概念
定语从句的有关概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。（定语从句要用陈述句语序）
如：1)The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman.(关系代词如果在定语从句中做主语，要注意从句中的谓语动单复数要与先行词一致)
2)You must do everything that I do.
在上面两句中的 man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：that , which ,who (宾格whom ,所有格whose )和关系副词where, when .关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。也就是说关系词有三个作用：
1.引导定语从句。 2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
3.连接主句和从句。
例： ①The girl (who is behind the tree) is Kate.
②The man (who is driving too fast) is a drunk.
【语法】C. 有关系代词引导的定语从句。
关系代词 例句
That在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that 可省略) 指物 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语) 2.The noodles （that） I cooked were delicious. (作宾语)
指人 1.Who is the man that is reading the book over there (作主语) 2.The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister. (作宾语)
Which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 指物 1.The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well. (作主语) 2.The songs（which）Liu Dehua sang were very popular. (作宾语)
Who, whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语（如果介词放在从句后面，则whom可以省略） 指人 1.The man who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. (作主语) 2.The boy who broke the window is called Roy. (作主语) 3.The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li. (作宾语) 4.Mrs White is the person to whom you should write. (作宾语)
Whose 在从句中作定语,指物时相当于of which 指人或物的所有格 1.I like the girl whose hair is long. (作定语) 2.I live in the house the windows of which are closed. = I live in the house whose windows are closed.
（从表中可以看出：用that 更有通用性）
但是：1）在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that
2) 在介词后面不能用that
3）先行词是代人的不定代词如those, somebody时不能用that
【语法】D. 有关系副词引导的定语从句：(只作了解)
1.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum..　　
The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his.
This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party.
2.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。
The day when（=on which) he was born was Aug.20,1952
The year when (=in which) he died was 1982.
比较：1）This is the school which I visited last year.
2) This is the school in which (where) I stayed last year.
3. 先行词如果the reason,表示原因，则定语从句用why = for which来引导。
This is the reason why I was late for school.
【语法】E. 定语从句分类(只作了解)
定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（又称描述性定语从句）。
1、限制性定语从句与先行词关系密确，对它有限制作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意思，限制性定语从句前面一般不用逗号。
例What is the name of the boy who brought us the letter
2、非限制性定语从句只与先行词有一种松散的修饰关系，在口语中用停顿的方法表示，在书面语中用逗号分开，因此从句中的关系代词不能省略。一般用which ,who, where等来引导非限制性定语从句，而不用that 来引导非限制性定语从句。
例①I like to talk with John, who is a clever man.
例②Water, which is a clear liquid (液体)，has many uses.
【语法】F. 关于that ;which 用法请注意(只作了解)
①先行词（物）之前有all, every, any, no ,little, much, few 等词修饰时，或者其本身为all, ,everything, something ,nothing, anything, none；the one；much, few, any, little等不定代词，定语从句that用引导，不能用which。(如果先行词是指人的不定代词，则关系代词用who/whom,不用that 和which)
　　Is there anything that you want to explain
　　Everyone who heard her sad story was moved to tears.
②先行词（物）前有形容词最高级、序数词或only, very, the first, the last, the same表示“惟一”观念的形容词等修饰时，定语从句用that引导,不能用which.
This is the only reason that I can say.
This is the first step that can be taken.
It is the best one that you may choose.
③ 当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句用that引导。
　 　Who is the man that is standing by the door
Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk
④先行词为人和物作并列成分时，定语从句用that引导。
　　 John and his dog that were here a moment ago disappear now.
⑤不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。
　　 He is no longer the man that he was.
⑥先行词是一个短语或者是一个句子时，关系代词用 which (大多数情况是非限制性定语从句)
He missed the train ,which annoyed (使......恼火) him very much .
【语法】G. 宾语从句、主语从句与定语从句区分。
定语从句中常用到that/which/who/whom等关系代词作主语或宾语；而在宾语从句或者主语、表语等从句中（特殊疑问句作宾语从句或主语从句时），常用到what / whom 等疑问代词作主语或宾语。
如：1) We believe what she said. (宾从，不能用that 来换what)
We believe anything/the words that/which she said. (定从)
2) I don’t know the girl whom/that I met yesterday.(定从)
3) I don’t know whom the girl likes. (宾从，不能用that)
4) What he said surprised me . (主从，不能用that))
【语法】H. 重点短语和句型：
1.the elderly couple 那对年老的夫妇
2.There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder(定从）.
①more than one person 不止一个人 eg: More than one student has died in the accident.
②★have something to do with sth. 与某事有关；have nothing to do with sth. 与某事无关
③probably (adv.) 可能 （放句中）； maybe/perhaps (adv.) 可能 （放句首）
2..He was the man who first wrote detective stories in English(定从).
他就是第一个用英语写侦探小说的人。
3. require readers to check every tiny detail for possible clues to criminal cases
需要读者们为案件的可能线索而检查每一个细节
①require sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
② possible clues to criminal cases 案件的可能线索
4.a master at solving crimes 一个破案高手
5.be covered in blood 浑身是血
6.Has there been any progress in the murder case 凶杀案已经有进展吗？
7.The boss did something which is not allowed by the law（定从）. 老板做了违法的事情。
8.The victim wanted to report the crime that his boss had committed（定从） to the police.
受害人想要向警方举报他的老板已经犯的罪行。
①report sth. to the police 向警方举报某事
②commit （vt.） 犯（罪） → committed → committing
★commit a crime/ crimes 犯罪
9.It turned out that he had nothing to do with the case. 结果证明他与案件无关。
★turn out 原来是，结果是 (无被动）
①turn out +that宾从 ② turn out (to be) + adj./n.
10.He was in a hurry to catch a bus. 他匆匆忙忙地赶公交车。 = He hurried to catch a bus.
【回顾】be in a hurry to do sth. = hurry to do sth. = do sth.in a hurry = do sth. hurriedly
四、Integrated skills
1.kidnap vt. 绑架 → kidnapped → kidnapping (现在分词或动名词：绑架案)
2.a man of great wealth 一个有钱人
3.be in prison for six months 入狱六个月
4.have no criminal record 没有犯罪记录
★criminal 作形容词：犯罪的； 作名词：罪犯
5.on the morning of 28 December在12月28日的上午
6.at his sister’s wedding 在他姐姐的婚礼上 【on their wedding day 在他们结婚那一天】
7.think of some safety tips to protect yourself against crime
想到一些安全提示来保护你自己抵制犯罪行为
①safety tips 安全提示 【safe 形容词：安全的→ safely 副词：安全地→ safety名词：安全】
②protect yourself against crime保护你自己预防犯罪行为
8.remember to lock the door 记住锁上门
9.shut all the windows 关闭所有的窗户 【shut关闭→shut过去式 → shut过去分词】
★shut 作v. 关闭; 关上; 合上; (使) 停止营业，关门，打烊 【shut up闭嘴】
作adj. 关闭; 合拢; 停业; 关门
10.carry a lot of money with sb. 身边带大量现金
11. We’d better not go out alone at night.我们最好不要在晚上独自一人出门。
【had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事】
12.guard against any possible danger 防范/提防任何可能的危险
★guard against sth. 提防某事
五、Study skills
【A】怎样读一篇小说（How to read a novel)。
当你读一篇小说的时侯，你经常为了了解大意而读得很快。你不必要懂得每个单词。
【B】重点短语句型
1.come along 来吧，过来，走吧
2.look up 【动副词组，代词放中间】①（在字典或电话本中）查找②抬头看③看望，拜访
3.turn to the two detectives 转向两个侦探
4.▲be in the prime of life 正值壮年
5.▲glance at each other 互相瞥了一眼
6.lose time looking for sb. 浪费时间寻找某人
lose time doing sth. = waste time doing sth. 浪费时间做某事
六、Task
1.a gold necklace 一条金项链
2.Bruce was charged with theft. 布鲁斯被指控犯有偷窃罪。
★be charged with theft 被指控偷窃罪
3.Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door（定从）.
除了住在隔壁的那个男人之外，布鲁斯和所有邻居都和睦相处。
①the man who lives next door 住在隔壁的那个男人
②get along / on (well)with… 与…和睦相处
Eg:---- How are you getting along/on with your classmates 你和你的同学相处得怎样？
----I am getting along/on well with them. 我和他们相处得很好。
4.never speak to anyone 从不和任何人说话
5.No one knows what he does for a living. 没人知道他靠什么谋生。
★do sth. for a living做某事谋生 = make a living by doing sth.
6.come (back) home from work 下班回家
7.The policeman told him that some valuable jewellery had been stolen.
这名警察告诉他一些有价值的珠宝被盗。
①some valuable jewellery 一些昂贵珠宝 【jewellery 总称：珠宝（不可数）】
②have been stolen 已经被偷 【steal → stole(过去式) →stolen(过去分词)】
8.★be under arrest for murder = be arrested for murder 因谋杀罪而被捕
9.I’ll check these for fingerprints. 我要检查这些物品提取指纹。
10.归纳：
动词 名词(事件) 名词(人) 形容词 动词过去式,过去分词 动词现在分词(ing)
rob 抢劫 robbery 抢劫罪 robber强盗 robbed, robbed robbing
burgle 入室盗窃 burglary 入室盗窃罪 burglar 入室盗贼 burgled, burgled burgling
steal 偷窃 stealing/theft 偷窃罪 thief 小偷 stole, stolen stealing
kidnap 绑架 kidnapping 绑架罪 kidnapper 绑匪 kidnapped, kidnapped kidnapping
commit 犯罪 crime 活动;罪行 criminal 罪犯 criminal 犯罪的 committed, committed committing
murder 谋杀 murder 谋杀罪 murderer 杀人犯 murdered murdered
【拓展】rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 eg: He robbed my sister of his gold necklace.
单项选择
1. —The Battle of Changjin Lake, _______ 180-minute movie touched us a lot.
—Yes. It’s really _______ great success and it raises our sense of patriotism.
A. the;/ B. /;a C. a; a D. a;/
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——《长津湖》，一部180分钟的电影，给我们很大的触动。——是的。这真的是一个巨大的成功，它提高了我们的爱国主义意识。
考查冠词。the表示特指；a表示泛指，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。空格一表示泛指，意为“一部80分钟的电影”，180-minute辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a；第二句中success表示“一次巨大的成功”，此处success是抽象名词具体化，是可数名词，great辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故选C。
2. —The problem has troubled me a lot recently.
—Do not worry. Worry never fixes ________.
A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个问题最近困扰了我很多。——别担心。忧虑决不能解决任何问题。
考查代词辨析。something一些事，常用于肯定句；everything所有事；anything任何事，常用于否定句和疑问句；nothing没有事。根据“Do not worry. Worry never fixes”可知担心解决不了任何问题，句子是否定句，用anything。故选C。
3. It is easy to find information on the Internet, but the ________ is how we can tell whether the information is true or not.
A. courage B. wealth C. progress D. challenge
【答案】D
【详解】句意：上网找寻信息很容易，但挑战是如何分辨信息的真假。
考查名词词义辨析。courage勇气；wealth财富，财产；progress进步；challenge挑战。结合句意可知分辨信息真假对于我们来说是一项挑战，“challenge”和前文的“easy”构成转折。故选D。
4. The development of China ______ much better than before through our hard work.
A. runs out B. finds out C. turns out D. breaks out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：经过我们的努力，结果是中国的发展比以前好多了。
考查动词短语辨析。runs out用完；finds out找到；turns out结果是，证明是；breaks out爆发。根据“The development of China...much better than before through our hard work.”可知，我们努力的“结果是”中国发展更好了，选项C符合语境。故选C。
5. ________ our stomach ________ our spirit is satisfied because of Mother’s excellent cooking skills.
A. Not only...but also B. Neither...nor C. Either...or D. Both...and
【答案】A
【详解】句意：妈妈精湛的厨艺不仅让我们的胃得到了满足，也让我们的精神得到了满足。
考查连词辨析。not only...but also不但……而且；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；both...and两者都。根据“our stomach...our spirit is satisfied because of Mother’s excellent cooking skills.”可知我们的胃和精神都得到了满足，根据“is”可知此处用not only...but also连接，遵循就近原则。故选A。
6. Many people keep cats as their pets, because they are easy to raise, unlike dogs that ________ more attention and outdoor activities.
A. represent B. remind C. require D. remain
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多人养猫作为他们的宠物，因为它们很容易养，不像狗需要更多的关注和户外活动。
考查动词辨析。represent代表；remind提醒；require需要；remain保持。根据“more attention and outdoor activities”可知，狗需要关注和活动，故选C。
7. —The final exam is coming soon, and I feel nervous.
—Don’t worry. It’s ________ to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam.
A. rude B. exciting C. perfect D. natural
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——期末考试马上就要到了，我感到很紧张。——别担心。考试前紧张是很正常的。
考查形容词辨析。rude粗鲁的；exciting令人兴奋的；perfect完美的；natural正常的。根据“It’s...to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam.”可知，马上要期末考试了，考试前学生一般都会紧张，这是很正常的，可推测此处是考试前紧张是很正常的，It’s+adj+to do sth表示“做某事是……的”，空处需填形容词，natural“正常的”符合语境。故选D。
8. —Sorry, I’ve left my keys in the office.
—Again But ________, let’s see what we can do about it.
A. indeed B. anyway C. instead D. exactly
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——对不起，我把钥匙忘在办公室了。——又一次？但无论如何，让我们看看我们能做些什么。
考查副词辨析。indeed确实；anyway无论如何；instead相反；exactly确切地。根据“let’s see what we can do about it.”可知虽然又一次把钥匙忘在办公室了，但是无论如何，要看看怎么解决。故选B。
9. Friendship is _______ wine. The longer we keep it, the tastier it will be.
A. as long as B. as good as C. as well as D. as soon as
【答案】B
【详解】句意：友谊如酒。放得越久，味道就越好。
考查短语辨析。as long as只要；as good as几乎，差不多；as well as和；as soon as一……就……。根据“The longer we keep it, the tastier it will be.”可知，友谊和酒差不多，时间越久越深厚。故选B。
10. 一Do you always get up so early
—Yes, the first bus. My home is far away from school.
A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你总是起得这么早吗？ ——是的，去赶第一班车。我家离学校很远。
考查非谓语动词。A为动词原形；B为动词不定式；C为动名词；D为过去式。根据My home is far away from school. 我家离学校很远。可知，起早（get up so early）的目的是为了赶早班车（the first bus），因此应该用动词不定式做目的状语。故选B。
11. —I am through the dark days.
—Don’t lose heart. There ________ be a good reason for your hard time.
A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我正在度过黑暗的日子。——不要灰心。你这么辛苦一定有原因的。
考查情态动词。can’t不能；can能，可以；mustn’t禁止；must一定。根据“be a good reason for your hard time.”可知是安慰对方不要灰心，有现在的困境一定是有原因的。故选D。
12. —________ would you like me to pay you
—Either Alipay or WeChat.
A. How B. What C. Why D. Who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你想让我怎么付钱给你？——要么是支付宝，要么是微信。
考查特殊疑问句。how如何；what什么；why为什么；who谁。根据“Either Alipay or WeChat.”可知此处询问是如何支付，疑问词用how。故选A。
13. ―Do you know what the voting woman is charged
―She has been found guilty stealing a new-born baby from his mother.
A. with;for B. for;of C. of; with D. with;of
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道那位投票的女士被控告什么吗？——她从一个母亲那里偷走了一个新生儿，被判有罪。
with和……一起；for为了，因为；of……的。这个题目考查两个固定短语，第一个是be charged with…被控告；第二个是be guilty of…犯有……罪，对……内疚。故应选D。
14. —Could you tell me ________ —By working harder.
A. how to do with my English B. what I could do with my English
C. how I can improve my English D. what’s wrong with my English
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能提高我的英语吗 ——通过更加努力地学习。
考查宾语从句。根据Could you tell me _____ 可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句应该用陈述句语序，所以排除D选项；根据答语By working harder.可知这里应该是问如何才能提高英语，所以A、B选项语意不通，排除；故答案选C。
15. –Why can’t you trust me Not everything you heard is true
- Maybe not. But __________________.
A. out of sight, out of mind B. there is no smoke without fire
C. a miss is as good as a mile D. actions speak louder than words
【答案】B
【详解】句意：— —你为什么不相信我？难道你听到的都是真的吗？ — —也许不是。但是无风不起浪啊。
A. out of sight, out of mind眼不见，心不烦；B. there is no smoke without fire无风不起浪；C. a miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，谬以千里；D. actions speak louder than words行动胜于雄辩。根据问句Why can’t you trust me Not everything you heard is true 你为什么不相信我？难道你听到的都是真的吗？和答语Maybe not. 也许不是。以及But表示转折可知，应该选择there is no smoke without fire无风不起浪；符合语境。故选B。
完形填空
A letter changed Levi Strauss’s life. In 1849 gold was ____36____ in California. Thousands of people rushed to California in hopes of finding gold and becoming ____37____. The people hoping to find gold were foolish and greedy. One of those ____38____ headed for California was Levi Strauss. Strauss was ____39____. Strauss was a clever, hard-working man. He was looking for a new start in life. Up to this time, Strauss had worked for his two brothers in New York City. The brothers sold clothes and blankets and other goods. Strauss planned to set up a similar business to his ____40____ in California.
Over the years, Strauss’s business grew. In 1872 he got a letter from one of his customers, a tailor (裁缝) in Nevada. The tailor, Jacob Davis, had a(n) ____41____ for making better work pants. The pockets on work pants often tore. Jacob Davis ____42____ metal rivets (铆钉) to the pockets. Rivets are pieces of metal ____43____ to join things together. The rivets worked well, and the miners liked them. Davis didn’t have enough money to get a patent (专利) for his ____44____. He also needed help making the pants. In his _____45_____, Davis said that if they worked together, the two of them ‘‘could make a very large amount of money’’.
Strauss could see that riveted work pants were a good idea. He agreed to help Davis. The two decided to make the pants. They decided to use denim cloth because it is a _____46_____ cloth that doesn’t tear easily and is long lasting. _____47_____, the riveted denims were called ‘‘dungarees’’. Dungarees is a word from the Hindi _____48_____ of India that means “rough cloth”. _____49_____ they were tough and durable, dungarees were worn by thousands of farmers, miners, builders, and other workers. Later, dungarees came to be called “jeans”. “Jeans” is a better _____50_____ for the pants than “dungarees”.
36. A. discovered B. created C. invented D. hidden
37. A. wealthy B. happy C. satisfied D. energetic
38. A. whom B. who C. which D. what
39. A. creative B. foolish C. smart D. different
40. A. brother B. brothers C. brothers’ D. brother’s
41. A. job B. business C. idea D. opportunity
42. A. preferred B. added C. changed D. returned
43. A. used B. worked C. made D. sold
44. A. discovery B. invention C. creation D. business
45. A. diary B. letter C. book D. invitation
46. A. heavy B. strong C. usual D. cheap
47 A. In addition B. Instead C. At first D. However
48. A. culture B. city C. language D. clothes
49 A. If B. When C. Because D. Though
50. A. meaning B. business C. call D. name
【答案】36. A 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是一封信改变了Levi Strauss的一生。
【36题详解】
句意：1849年，在加利福尼亚，金子被发现了。
discovered发现；created创造；invented发明；hidden隐藏。根据“Thousands of people rushed to California in hopes of finding gold…”可知，很多人去淘金，证明金子被发现了，故选A。
【37题详解】
句意：成千上万的人涌到加利福尼亚，希望找到黄金并变得富有。
wealthy富有的；happy开心的；satisfied满意的；energetic充满活力的。根据“Thousands of people rushed to California in hopes of finding gold…”可知，很多人去淘金，就是为了变得有钱，故选A。
【38题详解】
句意：那些前往加利福尼亚的人之一就是Levi Strauss。
whom谁；who谁；which哪个；what什么。该句为定语从句，先行词为those，表示人，且在从句中做主语，所以用who引导定语从句，故选B。
【39题详解】
句意：Strauss是不一样的。
creative有创造力的；foolish愚蠢的；smart聪明的；different不同的。根据“Strauss planned to set up a similar business…”可知，Strauss到那里是去做生意的，因此和别人是不一样的，故选D。
【40题详解】
句意：Strauss打算做类似于他加利福尼亚的兄弟的生意。
brother兄弟；brothers兄弟；brothers’兄弟的；brother’s兄弟的。根据“Up to this time, Strauss had worked for his two brothers in New York City.”可知，他有两个兄弟，需要用复数，且此处表示兄弟的生意，需要用复数的所有格，故选C。
【41题详解】
句意：那个裁缝，Jacob Davis，有一个让工作裤变得更好的主意。
job工作；business生意；idea主意；opportunity机会。根据“…for making better work pants.”可知，让工作裤变得更好应该是一种主意，故选C。
【42题详解】
句意：Jacob Davis把柳钉加在口袋上。
preferred更喜欢；added增加；changed改变；returned返回。根据“…join things together.”可知，柳钉可以把东西连接的更好，所以是在口袋上加上柳钉，故选B。
【43题详解】
句意：柳钉是用来把东西连接在一起的金属件。
used用；worked工作；made制作；sold卖。根据“The rivets worked well…”可知，柳钉起了很好的作用，所以柳钉是用来连接东西的，故选A。
【44题详解】
句意：Davis没有足够的钱来为他的发明获取专利。
discovery发现；invention发明；creation创造；business生意。根据“…get a patent…”可知，应该是为发明来获取专利，故选B。
【45题详解】
句意：在他的信中，Davis说，如果他们一起合作，他们两个将会赚一大笔钱。
diary日记；letter信；book书；invitation邀请。根据“In 1872 he got a letter from one of his customers, a tailor in Nevada.”可知，这是Davis写的一封信，故选B。
【46题详解】
句意：他们决定用牛仔布，因为那是一种很结实的布，不容易撕裂，能用很久。
heavy重的；strong结实的；usual普通的；cheap便宜的。根据“…that doesn’t tear easily and is long lasting.”可知，这种布不容易撕裂，很结实，故选B。
【47题详解】
句意：起初，柳钉牛仔裤被称作工作服。
in addition此外；instead代替；at first开始；however然而。根据“Later, dungarees came to be called “jeans”.”可知，后来被称为牛仔裤，最开始被叫做工作服，故选C。
【48题详解】
句意：工作服是来自印度语言的一个词语，意思是粗糙的布。
culture文化；city城市；language语言；clothes衣服。根据“Dungarees is a word…”可知，工作服是一个词，应该是来自于一种语言，故选C。
【49题详解】
句意：因为它们很硬，很耐用，工作服被成千上万的农民，矿工，建筑者和其他工作者穿。
if如果；when当……时候；because因为；though尽管。根据“…they were tough and durable, dungarees were worn by thousands of farmers, miners, builders, and other workers.”可知，因为这种布料结实，所以被很多工作者穿，前后表示因果关系，故选C。
【50题详解】
句意：相比工作服，牛仔裤对这种裤子来说是个更好的名字。
meaning意义；business生意；call称呼；name名字。根据“Later, dungarees came to be called “jeans”.”可知，这种裤子被叫做牛仔裤，所以是它的新名字，故选D。
阅读理解
A
What makes a good reader You can find the answer in Readers Club. Today, we have some books for e and join the fun!
The Old Man and the Sea won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1953. A year later, Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for Literature. The Old Man and the Sea is generally considered by many to be his greatest achievement. The leading character in this book is a person who can face difficulties and never give up. Hardback ￥21. 70 Paperback ￥16. 00
Heart, written by Edmondo De Amicis from Italy, is a diary of an Italian boy Eric. In his diary, he writes about the greatest love in the world: love for the nation, for the society, and also teachers’ love, classmates’ love, parents’ love, children’s love. Hardback ￥27. 20 Paperback ￥16. 40
Peter Pan, created by Scottish novelist and playwright J. M. Barrie. Peter Pan is a young boy who can fly and never grows up. He spends his never-ending childhood having adventures (冒险) on the mythical island of Neverland as the leader of the Lost Boys, playing happily with children both inside and outside Neverland. Hardback ￥22. 70 Paperback ￥14. 60
Celebrity Biography, also known as Three Giants, written by Romain Rolland, about three great men in different fields: Beethoven, Michelangelo and Leo Tolstoy. They all suffered (遭受) a lot in body and spirit, but never lost confidence. Hardback ￥26. 20 Paperback ￥15. 80
Club members will get a discount (折扣) of 10% for hardback books and 20% for paperback books. If you buy any of the two hardback books, e-books will be free for you.
51. Which book has the topic of love
A. The Old Man and the Sea. B. Heart. C. Peter Pan. D. Celebrity Biography.
52. What can we learn from the books The Old Man and the Sea and Celebrity Biography
A. The value of the friendship. B. The spirit of never giving up.
C. The advantage of the teamwork. D. The way of becoming famous
53. As a club member, which books can you buy with 40 yuan to get free e-books
A. Two hardback books Heart and Celebrity Biography.
B. A hardback book Heart and a paperback book Peter Pan.
C. Two hardback books The Old Man and the Sea and Peter Pan.
D. Two paperback books Celebrity Biography and The Old Man and the Sea.
【答案】51. B 52. B 53. C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了读者俱乐部的四本书，并介绍了书的内容及价格。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In his diary, he writes about the greatest love in the world: love for the nation, for the society, and also teachers’ love, classmates’ love, parents’ love, children’s love.”可知，在《心》这本书中，他写到了世界上最伟大的爱：对国家、对社会的爱，还有老师的爱、同学的爱、父母的爱、孩子的爱。故选B。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The leading character in this book is a person who can face difficulties and never give up.”和“They all suffered (遭受) a lot in body and spirit, but never lost confidence.”可知，《老人与海》这本书的主角是一个能够面对困难、永不放弃的人。而《名人传》讲述了三位伟大的名人身心遭受巨大的痛苦但从未失去信心，这两本书都在宣传“永不言弃”的精神。故选B。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Club members will get a discount (折扣) of 10% for hardback books and 20% for paperback books. If you buy any of the two hardback books, e-books will be free for you.”可知，俱乐部会员将获得的折扣是：精装书为10%，平装书为20%。如果你买了这两本精装书中的任何一本，电子书都是免费的。根据“The Old Man and the Sea”和“Hardback: ￥21.70”、“Peter Pan”和“Hardback: ￥22.70”可知，买精装的《老人与海》和《彼得·潘》打上折扣需要支付39.96元，低于40元，还能得到免费的电子书。故选C。
B
Scrooge was trying very hard not to be scared. The Ghost’s voice scared him and its cold eyes frightened him. Then the Ghost took off the bandage from its head. And its lower jaws dropped down onto its chest! Scrooge was horrified.
Scrooge fell to his knees. “Mercy!” he said. “Why have you come ” “Do you believe in me or not ” asked the Ghost. “I do,” said Scrooge. “I must.” The Ghost cried out. It shook its chain.
“Why are you carrying that chain ” asked Scrooge, shaking. “I wear the chain that I made in life,” replied the Ghost. “I made it link by link, and metre by metre. I wound (缠绕) it around myself. Does it look strange to you ” Scrooge trembled more and more.
“Would you like to feel the weight of the chain you are carrying ” continued the Ghost. “It was as heavy and as long as this seven Christmas Eves ago. You have worked very hard on it, since. It is a huge chain now!”
Scrooge looked at the floor around him. But there was no chain. “Jacob,” he cried. “Old Jacob Marley, explain everything to me!” “I can’t,” the Ghost replied. “I can’t stay long. I have to travel all the time! I can’t rest. I can’t stay anywhere.”
“You have been dead for seven years,” said Scrooge, “Have you been travelling the whole time ” “Yes, the whole time,” said the Ghost. “No rest, no peace!” The Ghost of Marley cried again. And it clanked its chain. “I had the opportunity to be kind and do good in life. But I did nothing. And now I’m dead, I regret that,” cried the Ghost.
“But you were always a good businessman, Jacob,” said Scrooge. “Business!” cried the Ghost, wringing its hands again. “The welfare of mankind was my business. Charity, kindness, and generosity were all my business. My job was only a drop of water in the huge ocean of my business!”
——Taken from A Christmas Carol
54. In the passage, which ghost did Scrooge meet
A. the Ghost of the Past. B. the Ghost of the Future.
C. the Ghost of the Present. D. the Ghost of Marley.
55. What’s the symbol of the chain
A. The things that are important to Marley. B. The heavy things that Marley is carrying.
C. The things that Marley worked very hard on. D. The things that Marley forgot when he was alive.
56. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Scrooge was not afraid of the Ghost. B. Marley was kind and did good in life.
C. Marley was always a good businessman. D. Marley has lived a hard life after his death.
【答案】54. D 55. C 56. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Scrooge遇到了一个鬼魂，并详细地讲述了他们之间的对话。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The Ghost of Marley cried again.”可知，Scrooge遇到的是Marley的鬼魂。故选D。
55题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was as heavy and as long as this seven Christmas Eves ago. You have worked very hard on it, since. It is a huge chain now!”可知，链子象征着马利非常努力地做的事情。故选C。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“I can’t stay long. I have to travel all the time! I can’t rest. I can’t stay anywhere.”及倒数第二段中的“No rest, no peace!”可知，马利死后过着艰苦的生活。故选D。
C
We all go to school to study and learn different skills, but have you ever been taught in your dream
Wang Xizhi was a Chinese calligrapher (书法家), traditionally called the Sage of Calligraphy (书圣). Born in Linyi, Shandong Province, he spent most of his life in the present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang. At the beginning, Wang Xizhi learned the art of calligraphy from Lady Wei. But later through practice, he excelled his teacher.
Nobody knows who taught him after Lady Wei. However, there is a story that Wang achieved his success by learning from his dream. It is said that Wang would practice calligraphy every day. Still he was never satisfied with what he wrote. One day, he was so tired that he fell asleep at his desk. In his dream, he saw an old man who said to him with a smile, “I will teach you something and you will find it very helpful in the future. Now reach out your hands.” Only half believing, Wang reached out his hand. The old man wrote a character in his hand and said with a nod. “Now, you will be a calligrapher.” With this. he disappeared in the air. Wang looked at his hand and saw a character “永”. He thought over it for a whole night and finally realized that this character had all the basic strokes (笔划) in forming Chinese calligraphy.
After waking up from the dream, Wang kept practicing writing the character “永”. Later Wang became a well-known calligrapher.
It is said that even in his lifetime a few of Wang’s characters or his signature were priceless. Unfortunately, none of his works remains today. Down through the ages, however, many students of calligraphy, the most basic yet highest art in China, have learned from and copied his style.
57. Which of the following best describe Wang
A. Skillful and easily-satisfied. B. Smart and hardworking.
C. Open-minded and kind. D. Daydreaming and lazy.
58. The underlined word “excelled” is closest in meaning to ________.
A. was better than B. helped C. was proud of D. pleased
59 What is the correct order for the following events from Wang’s life
a. He became well-known.
b. He kept practicing writing the character.
c. He was so tired after practice that he fell asleep.
d. A character was written on his hand in his dream.
e. He realized how important the character was in practice.
A. c-d-e-b-a B. e-d-a-b-c C. e-a-d-c-b D. c-b-e-d-a
60. Why did Wang Xizhi keep on practising the character “yong”
A. Because an old man living next him told him the character.
B. Because Wang Xizhi was superstitious (迷信的) who believes in something mysterious.
C. Because Wang found it hard practising the character “yong”.
D. Because the character “yong” has all the basic strokes (笔划) in forming Chinese calligraphy.
【答案】57. B 58. A 59. A 60. D
【导语】本文讲述了著名书法家王羲之成名的故事。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“But later through practice, he excelled his teacher.”可知，后来通过练习，王羲之超过了他的老师，由此说明王羲之不仅很聪明，而且很刻苦努力。故选B。
【58题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Wang Xizhi was a Chinese calligrapher (书法家), traditionally called the Sage of Calligraphy (书圣).”可知，王羲之是中国书法家，传统上被称为“书圣”。由此推断，后来通过练习，王羲之超过了他的老师，符合语境。因此划线部分单词的意思是“超越”，和选项A“比……好”意思最相近。故选A。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段对梦中故事的描述可知，首先是太累以致于睡着了，然后他伸出手，老人在他手上写了字，后来想了很久才意识到这个字的重要性，就一直练习这个字，最后成了著名的书法家。选项A符合此顺序。故选A。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“He thought over it for a whole night and finally realized that this character had all the basic strokes (笔划) in forming Chinese calligraphy.”及第四段第一句“After waking up from the dream, Wang kept practicing writing the character ‘永’.”可知，王羲之一直在练习写“永”的原因是他意识到“永”这个字具备了中国书法的所有基本笔画。故选D。
D
The post-2000s generation (一代人) is often described as self-centered and always asking for help. ____61____ The post-2000s generation is independent, strong-minded and hardworking, according to a Peking University report. When it comes to learning and working, over 60 percent think their own interests are more important than others’ opinions.
Most of them see successful businessmen as their idols. ____62____ “Their strong belief in themselves and never-give-up spirit have won the hearts of the generation,” the report said.
Moreover, the post-2000s generation has a strong sense of social responsibility (责任). ____63____ They also try to be responsible by studying hard and behaving online.
In the UK, many of the post-2000s generation have given up the drinking habits that the past generations had, The Telegraph noted. Most of them now have healthier hobbies, such as knitting and cooking. “It’s hard to find time for a hobby if you are going out drinking,” Kate Payne, author of The Hip Girl’s Guide to Homemaking, told The Telegraph. ____64____ The 2023 Youth Justice Statistics Report in the UK showed that young people are less rude and noisy in public.
However, a generation’s characters don’t belong to every single person in it. “____65____ ” said Cheng Dongfeng, director of the youth ideological and moral education center of West Anhui University.
A. But it’s not because they are rich.
B. Many of them have taken part in volunteer work.
C. However, research results have painted a different picture.
D. Changes in their hobbies have also helped them learn good manners.
E. It’s what you do that can make you the kind of person you want to be.
F. Different people hold different opinions about the post-2000s generation.
【答案】61. C 62. A 63. B 64. D 65. E
【导语】本文介绍了00后经常被描述为以自我为中心，总是寻求帮助。但是研究结果却描绘了一幅完全不同的图景。北京大学的一份报告显示，00后独立、意志坚强、工作勤奋。以及其他的一些研究结果的论述。
【61题详解】
根据“The post-2000s generation is independent, strong-minded and hardworking”可知，这里是前面的部分是转折关系。选项C“然而，研究结果却描绘了一幅不同的画面。”符合语境，故选C。
【62题详解】
根据“Most of them see successful businessmen as their idols”可知，他们中的大多数人把成功的商人视为偶像。选项A“但这并不是因为他们富有。”符合语境，故选A。
【63题详解】
根据“Moreover, the post-2000s generation has a strong sense of social responsibility (责任).”可知，00后有强烈的社会责任感。选项B“他们中的许多人参加了志愿工作。”符合语境，故选B。
【64题详解】
根据“The 2023 Youth Justice Statistics Report in the UK showed that young people are less rude and noisy in public.”可知，年轻人在公共场合不那么粗鲁和吵闹。选项D“他们爱好的改变也帮助他们学会了礼貌。”符合语境，故选D。
【65题详解】
根据“However, a generation’s characters don’t belong to every single person in it.”可知，一代人的性格并不属于每一个人。选项E“你的所作所为能让你成为你想成为的那种人。”符合语境，故选E。

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