资源简介

Unit 5 What are the shirts made of？
Section A
教材要点精析
1.Is it made of silver？它是银制的吗？（P33）
要点1 be made of的用法
用法分析 be made of意为“由……制成”，指原材料
经过加工后没有发生质的变化，从成品中可以看出原材料。
这件外套是由丝绸制成的。The coat is made of silk.
历史上第一个风筝是由木头做成的吗？Was the first kite made of wood in history？
要点拓展 be made相关的短语：
be made from 意为“由……制成”，是指原材料经过加工后发生了质的变化，从成品中看不出原材料。
be made in 意为“在……制造”，表示某物是在某地生产或制造的。
be made by 意为“被……制作”，表示某物是由某人或以某种方式制造的。
be made into 意为“把……制成…，使转变为”，是指用某种原材料制成某种成品。主语在意义上为原料，介词的宾语在意义上为制成品。
Be made up of 意为“由……组成/构成”，指由两个或两个以上的部分组成/构成。
Bread is made from eggs, milk and flour.面包是由鸡蛋、牛奶和面粉制成的。
This furniture is made in America.这套家具是美国生产的。
This pair of shoes is made by my grandmother.这双鞋是我奶奶做的。
In many parts of the world, corn is made into powder.世界上有许多地方把玉米磨成粉。
This medical team is made up of one doctor and three nurses.这支医疗团队是由一名医生和三名护士组成的。
【新题速递】-Do you know anything about C919？
-Of course. It’s a kind of plane which ___B___ China.
A. is made of B. is made in C. is made from D. is made up of
2.the art and science fair 艺术和科学展览会（P34）
要点2 fair的用法
用法分析 affair为可数名词，意为“展览会；交易会”。
下周末城市广场将举办书展。There will be a book fair on the city square next weekend.
要点拓展 fair为形容词时，常见含义为：
fair adj. 公平的，公正的 反义词 unfair
合理的，适当的 反义词 unfair
浅色的；白皙的 反义词 dark
3.grass and leaves 草和树叶（P34）
要点3 leaf的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 leaf为名词，意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。
You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。
要点拓展 以f，fe结尾的名词变复数：
wife→wives妻子 将f，fe变为v再加-es leaf→leaves叶子
life→lives生命 shelf→shelves架子
thief→thieves小偷 scarf→scarves围巾
wolf→wolves狼 knife→knives刀
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves（树叶）。
4.China is famous for tea, right？中国因茶而驰名，是吗？（P34）
要点4 famous的用法
用法分析 famous为形容词，意为“著名的；出名的”，在句中做定语和表语。
她是一个著名的演员。She is a famous actress.
“famous”各不同 be famous for 因……而闻名/著名
be famous to 为……所熟知； 对……而言是著名的
be famous as 作为……而出名； 以……（身份）而闻名
这个地区以绿茶而出名。The area is famous for its green tea.
中国素以丝绸闻名。China has been famous for its silk.
爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家著称。Einstein was famous as a great scientist.
成龙为世人所熟知。Jackie Chan is famous to the people all over the world.
小提示 be famous for相当于be known for；be famous as相当于be known as。
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province is famous/known for making kites now.
5.Where is tea produced in China？中国的哪些地方产茶？（P34）
要点5 produce的用法
用法分析 produce为及物动词，意为“生产；制造；出产”。
中国出产小麦。China produces wheat.
要点拓展 （1）produce为不可数名词，意为“产品”，多指农产品。
There is enough farm produce in that supermarket.在那个超市有足够的农产品。
（2）product为可数名词，意为“产品；制品”。多指工业产品，也可以指农产品，还可以指脑力劳动等的产物。
They have an interest in health products.他们对健康产品感兴趣。
【新题速递】The number of the people using Huawei ___C___ is getting larger and larger.
A. cultures B. customers C. products D. histories
6.For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.像安溪和杭州都是普遍著名的产茶地。（P34）
要点6 widely的用法
用法分析 widely做副词，意为“广泛地，广阔地”，用于修饰动词。
在英国和美国，英语被广泛使用。English is widely spoken in the UK and the USA.
要点拓展 wide做形容词，意为“宽的，广泛的”。反义词为narrow（窄的，狭窄的）。
The river is too wide to swim across.河面太宽了，游不过去。
【新题速递】Intelligent house furnishings（智能家居）are ___A___ used in people’s homes these days.
A. widely B. luckily C. softly D. loudly
7.Well,as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.嗯，据我所知，茶树被种植在山坡上。（P34）
句子结构分析 本句是含被动语态的句子。tea plants与grow之间是被动关系，因比用被动语态。
要点7 as far as 1know 的用法
用法分析 as far as I know意为“据我所知”，其后用逗号与后面的句子隔开。as far as意为“与……一样远；一直到……”，引申意为“就……而言；从……来看；尽……所能；只要”。
据我所知，世界上越来越多的人正在学习汉语。As far as I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.
我们会尽可能地帮助你。We’ll help you as far as possible.
要点拓展 as far as I can see 据我看；as far as I can remember据我所记得的。
【新题速递】-We’re still expecting a new movie shown in the cinema.
- ___B___, there is no new movie this month.
A. After all B. As far as I know C. So far
8.When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.叶子长好后，人们就手工把叶子采摘下来，然后送去加工。（P34）
要点8 by hand的用法
用法分析 by hand为介词短语，意为“用手；手工”，其中by是介词，用来表示方式和手段，意为“通过……方式”。
这件毛衣是手工织的。This sweater was made by hand.
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
当茶叶可采摘时，人们手工采摘后再送去加工。
When the leaves of the tea plant are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
9.It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.全世界好多人都好像在喝中国茶。（P34）
要点9 “lt seems + that从句…”的用法
用法分析 “It seems + that从句…”表示“看起来……；似乎……；好像……”。
你好像有点感冒。It seems that you’ve caught a little cold.
It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温似乎正常。
要点拓展 seem句型透视：
seem句型透视 “主语+seem（s）（+to be）+表语”意为“某人似乎/看上去……”
seem to do sth.好像/似乎做某事
sb. + seem（s）+不定式=lt seems that sb...意为“某人似乎/看上去……”
It seemed as if...意为“看起来像/仿佛……”
His father seems（to be）a kind man.他父亲看上去像个和善的人。
Tom seems to know everything.汤姆好像什么都知道。
She seems to be sleeping.她好像在睡觉。
It seems as if it is going to rain.看起来天快要下雨了。
【新题速递】-Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ___B___ that a big storm is coming.
A. sounds B. seems C. feels D. smells
10.No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你可能买什么，你也许会认为那些产品一定就是那些国家制造的。（P35）
要点10 no matter的用法
用法分析 no matter意为“不论；无论”，常与疑问词连用，表示“无论……”，该句中的No matter what相当于Whatever，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。
无论走到哪里，都不要忘了你是个中国人。No matter where you go, never forget that you’re a Chinese.
=Wherever you go, never forget that you’re a Chinese.
无论他说什么，都别相信他。Don’t trust him, no matter what he says.
=Don’t trust him, whatever he says.
特殊疑问词+-ever wherever=no matter where无论在哪里
whenever=no matter when无论什么时候
whoever=no matter who无论谁
however=no matter how无论怎样
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
无论学生在学校里发生什么事，老师总会在他们身边帮助他们。
No matter what happens to the students in the school, their teachers will always be there for them.
11.He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.他发现了一个有趣的现象，当地商店里许多产品都是中国制造的。（P35）
句子结构分析 “find it+多容词+that从句”结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句，interesting做found的宾语补足语。
要点11 find的常用结构
用法分析 find的常用结构：find +that宾语从句；find + it（形式宾语）十形容词（宾语补足语）+to do sth.；find+宾语十宾语补足语（形容词/名词/动词-ing形式）。
我发现这儿的老师对我很好。I find that the teachers are friendly to me here.
我发现她很容易相处。I find it easy to get on with her.
他发现地上有个男孩在哭泣。He found the boy crying on the ground.
注意 “主语+find + it+形容词/名词+ to do…”是简单句，可以与复合句“主语+find+ that + it is +形容词/名词+to do...”互换。
I find it difficult to learn math well.
=I find that it is difficult to learn math well.我发现学好数学很难。
【新题速递】We find ___B___ impossible for us ______ a foreign language well in a short time.
A. one；learn B. it；to learn C. that；to learn D. this；learning
12.He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.他意识到，美国人几乎不可避免会买中国制造的产品。（P35）
要点12 avoid的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 avoid为动词，意为“避免；回避”，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语，但是不能接不定式做宾语。
avoid 1 avoid sb./sth.回避某人/某事
2 avoid doing sth.防止做某事；避免做某事
为了避免浪费资源，我们必须尽可能多地循环利用它们。In order to avoid wasting resources, we must recycle them as much as possible.
既然你们不能避免彼此见面，为什么不好好谈一谈呢？Since you can’t avoid seeing each other, why not have a good talk？
【新题速递】We should ___A___ making a noise in the library.
A. avoid B. prefer C. practise D. enjoy
13.However,he hopes that in the future China will also get better at making high-technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.不过，他希望将来中国更善于制造高科技产品，让世界各地的人们都能买到。（P35）
句子结构分析 本句为复合句，句中第一个that引导的是宾语从句，做动词hopes的宾语，that 只起到连接词的作用，不做任何成分；第二个that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词“high-technology products"，that在定语从句中做动词buy的宾语。
14.What language is spoken in Germany？在德国说什么语言？（P36）
要点13 Germany的用法
用法分析 Germany为名词，意为“德国”。
德国是一个欧洲国家。Germany is a European country.
要点拓展 German做形容词，意为“德国的；德语的；德国人的”；做名词，意为“德语；德国人”。
They are Germans, come from Germany and they can speak German.他们是德国人，来自德国，他们会说德语。
注意 German故“德语”讲时，为不可数名词。German 故“速国人”讲时，为可数名词，复数为Germans。
小提示 以-an结尾的国人的复数，在词尾加-s，如Americans（美国人），Australians（澳大利亚人），Italians（意大利人）等。
【新题速递】Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ____C__ and four______.
A. German；American B. Germans；American
C. Germans；Americans D. German；Americans
15.Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.地球表面的大部分地区被水覆盖。（P36）
要点14 surface的用法
用法分析 surface为可数名词，意为“表面；表层”。做“水面；地面；液面”讲时，通常只用其单数形式。
这些植物漂浮在水面上。These plants float on the surface of the water.
要点拓展 on the surface意为“表面上，从外表看；乍一看”。
On the surface, it seems like a good idea.乍一看，这主意好像不错。
On the surface, it seems a simple story.从表面看，这似乎是个简单的故事。
16.Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.粗心驾驶导致许多交通事故。（P36）
要点15 careless的用法
用法分析 careless做形容词，意为“粗心的；不小心的”。反义词是careful。
他没有把门锁上，实在是太粗心了。It was careless of him to leave the door unlocked.
要点拓展 后级less意思是“无……的；不能……”。类似的词有：use+less→useless（无用的），hope+less→hopeless（无望的），care+less→careless（粗心的），help+less-helpless（无助的），end+less→endless（没完没了的），hope+less→hopeless（绝望的；不可救药的），meaning+less→meaningless（无意义的），home +less →homeless（无家可归的）。
【新题速递】用所给词的适当形式填空
How careless（care）you are！ You have left your book at home again！
要点16 traffic的用法
用法分析 traffic是不可数名词，意为“交通；路上行驶的车辆”。traffic accidents表示“交通事故”。
这个城市的一些地方交通很拥挤。The traffic is heavy in some parts of the city.
在一天的这段时间里往来的车辆很多。There’s a lot of traffic at the time of a day.
注意 表示交通拥挤，形容词用heavy，交通不拥挤，形容词用light。
固定搭配 traffic lights交通信号灯；traffic law交通法规。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
You mustn’t go across the street when the traffic（交通）lights are red.
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The ground is covered with fallen leaves（leaf）in autumn.
2.Why can’t I get a free ticket, too？ It’s unfair（fair）！
3.May I help you？ You seem to have（have）some trouble.
4.Zhang Ping is very careless（care）. He usually makes mistakes in his exams.
5.You should try your best to avoid making（make） mistakes while taking an important exam.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.-Confucius Institute（孔子学院）has been set up in many other countries.
—Yes, Chinese is ___B___ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese.
A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom
7.-What do you think of my shirt？It ___C___ cotton.
-It looks nice on you.
A. is made in B. is made for C. is made of D. is made by
8.-Are all the students from ___B___ in your class？
-No, there are only 3 ______ in our class. The others are from other countries.
A. Germany；Germen B. Germany；Germans
C. German；Germans D. German；Germany
9.My pen pal Andrew found it difficult ___C___ Chinese well.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned
10.Nowadays some ___B___ made in China are both good and cheap, such as Xiaomi mobile phones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.
A. tools B. products C. materials D. instruments
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.巴西以亚马逊雨林和足球而闻名（著称）。每年有许多人去那里旅游。
Brazil is famous/known for the Amazon Rainforest and soccer. Many people travel there every year.
12.据我所知，汤姆已经离开两个星期了。
As far as I know, Tom has been away for two weeks.
13.你想在教师节为你的老师亲手做卡片吗？
Do you want to make cards .by hand for your teacher on Teachers’ Day？
14.无论发生什么，黄岩岛属于中国的事实永远不会改变。
No matter what happens, the fact that Huangyan Island belongs to China will never change.
15.每年酒后驾车都会造成很多交通事故。
Every year driving after drinking wine causes a lot of .traffic accidents.
Section B
教材要点精析
1.Laura is trying to find out more about what Zheng Yun did on his vacation.劳拉正努力找出更多关于郑云在假期做的事情的信息。（P37）
要点1 find out 的用法
用法分析 find out指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相，即“查明，弄清楚”。
请弄清楚火车什么时候开。Please find out when the train leaves.
要点拓展 look for表示“寻找”，强调“找”的动作；find强调“找，发现”的结果。
What are you looking for？你在找什么？
I can’t find my watch.我找不到我的手表了。
【新题速递】Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and ___C___ which university is the best for her to attend.
A. put out B. stay out C. find out D. run out
2.The competitors at the festival are from all over the world.出席节日的竞争对手来自世界各地。（P37）
要点2 competitor的用法
用法分析 competitor为可数名词，意为“参赛者；竞争者”。
Over 200 competitors entered the race.200多名选手参加了赛跑。
要点拓展 （1）competition.比赛，竞争。做可数名词时，指具体比赛；做不可数名词时，指抽象含义的“竞争”
He took part in several chess competitions last year.他去年参加了几场棋艺大赛。
（2）compete vi.竞争。常用结构：compete against sb.与某人竞争；compete in...参加……；compete to do sth.竞争做某事；compete against/with sb. for sth.为某事与某人竞争。
Some companies are competing against each other for the market.一些公司为了市场相互竞争。
3.Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.中国每个不同的地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。（P38）
要点3 each 的用法
用法分析 each表示一定数目中的“每一个”，做主语时谓语用单数；做同位语时谓语用复数。
我们每人都有一本英语书。Each of us has an English book.
=We each have an English book.（each做同位语）
要点辨析 each，every
each 用于两者或两者以上，个别意义较重，表示各个不同，强调个人或个别。
可接of短语，every则不可；each还可做定语、状语，修饰单数名词。
every 表示数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”，表示“全体”意义，用于三者或三者以上。
every还可用于数词前，each则不能，如every five minutes（每5分钟）。
Each of his children goes to different schools.他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。
Every child must finish their homework on time.每个孩子必须按时完成作业。
【新题速递】Each of us ___A___ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
A. has B. have C. will have D. had
要点4 one’s own的用法
用法分析 one’s own某人自己的。
这是我自己的钢笔，不是她的。This is my own pen, not hers.
要点拓展 own做动词，意为“拥有”；owner做名词，意为“拥有者，所有者，主人”。
固定搭配 on one’s own=by oneself独自，主动地；with one’s own eyes 目睹；the owner of...……的主人。
You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。
【新题速递】（潍坊中考）Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on ___B___ own.
A. him B. his C. them D. their
4.According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.据中国历史记载，诸葛孔明是第一个使用孔明灯的人。（P38）
要点5 according to的用法
用法分析 according to为介词短语，意为“根据”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句做宾语。
根据新交通法规，我们不应该酒后驾驶。According to the new traffic laws, we shouldn’t drive after drinking wine.
5.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.当遇到麻烦时，他就放出孔明灯来求援。（P38）
句子结构分析 7本句中when in trouble意为“当遇到麻烦时”，是省略句，完整的表达是when he was in trouble，省略了主语和be动词。当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语动词是be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
Look out for cars when （you are）crossing the road.过马路时注意车辆。
要点6 send out的用法
用法分析 send out意为“放出；分发；发出（光、信号、声音等）”，为“动词+副词”型短语，其后跟名词或代词做宾语。当宾语是名词时，放在两者之间或out之后均可；当宾语是代词时，要放在两者之间。
你能帮我把孔明灯放出去吗？Could you help me to send the sky lanterns out？
固定搭配 send的常考短语：send for派人去请；send up发射（火箭、卫星、飞船等）；send of寄出。
要点7 in trouble的用法
用法分析 in trouble处于困境中。trouble做名词，意为“问题；烦恼；困难”，是不可数名词。
不要嘲笑处于困境中的人们。Don’t laugh at the people in trouble.
固定搭配
in trouble处于困境中 含trouble的短语 ask for trouble自找麻烦
out of trouble摆脱困境 get into trouble陷入困境
have trouble with sth.因某事有麻烦/困难/苦恼 have trouble（in） doing sth.做某事有困难
I have some trouble （in） reading her hand-writing.我认她的笔迹感到有些困难。
要点拓展 （1）trouble还做及物动词，意为“麻烦”。
May I trouble you to move your chair a bit？麻烦你把椅子挪一挪行吗？
（2）“in+名词”结构短语：in trouble处于困境中；in need需要；in fact事实上；in surprise惊讶地；in danger处于危险中。
【新题速递】-I have trouble __A___- the new word. Can you help me？
-Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary.
A. understanding B. to understand C. understand D. understood
6.They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.孔明灯用竹子做成，竹子外面用纸包裹。（P38）
要点8 cover的用法
用法分析 cover做动词，意为“覆盖；遮掩”；做名词，意为“封面；盖子”。
山上覆盖着雪。The hills were covered with snow.
他这本书的封皮和你那本书的封皮一样。This book of his has the same cover as yours.
固定搭配 cover...with...用……把……覆盖；be covered with/by...被……所覆盖。
About three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面约四分之三被水覆盖着。
【新题速递】根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.
7.When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot –air balloons for all to see.孔明灯点燃后，像小小的热气球一样慢慢地升上天空，供人们欣赏。（P38）
要点9 rise的用法
用法分析 rise做动词，意为“（太阳、月亮、星星等）升起”，反义词为set（落下）。rise的过去式，过去分词分别是rose，risen。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起，西方落下。
要点拓展 rise也指数量、价值或数字的增加或增长。
The price of the oil rose to seven yuan per litre.油价上升到每升7元。
要点辨析 rise，raise
rise 不及物动词 指日、月、星、雾等升起，人或物站起来。
raise 及物动词 举起；上升。指人为的或物借助外力升高、举起，如raise one’s hands（举手），raise the flag（升国旗）等。
She rose from her seat.她从座位上站了起来。
If you have any question, you can raise your hand.有问题你可以举手。
【新题速递】-The price of vegetables ___B___ so quickly these days.
-Oh, no, but I don’t think so.
A. afford B. rises C. improves D. raise
8.They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.这些灯被看作幸福和美好愿望的光明象征。（P38）
要点10 be seen as的用法
用法分析 be seen as意为“被看作”，是被动结构，其主动形式为see...as...，意为“把…….看作……”。
高铁被视为中国新四大成就之一。High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great Achievements of China.
要点拓展
把……看作…… think of...as...
look on...as...
consider...as...
regard...as...
treat...as...
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
莲花湖公园被认为是达州最美的公园之一。
Lian Hua Lake Park is regarded as one of the most beautiful parks in Dazhou.
要点11 symbol的用法
用法分析 symbol做名词，意为“象征；标志”，后接介词of，表示“……的象征”；后接介词for，表示“……的符号”。
玫瑰是爱情的象征。The rose is a symbol of love.
在地图上，十字符号代表教堂。On maps, a cross is the symbol for a church.
【新题速递】In China, the color red is the ___C___ of good luck.
A. dream B. way C. symbol D. reason
9.The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors.通常使用红色的纸，先折叠，再用剪刀剪。（P38）
句子结构分析 本句中的“usually red”是插入语，是对主语The paper的补充说明。插入语通常位于句中，并用逗号隔开，有的也可位于句首或句末。
People, young or old, should protect the environment.人们，无论年轻或年迈，都应该保护环境。
要点12 before的用法
用法分析 before意为“在……之前”，和after（在……之后）相对，引导时间状语从句时，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时；主句用过去时或过去完成时，从句用过去时。
离开房间前请关上门。Please close the door before you leave the room.
他们要过四天才能回来。It will be four days before they come back.
要点拓展 before用在时间、事件和位置前，做介词意为“在……之前”，做副词意为“以前”。
Can you come back before7:00？你能在7点之前回来吗？
I’ve seen that film before.我以前看过那部电影。
【新题速递】Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ___D___ you eat.
A. until B. after C. while D. before
要点13 scissors的用法
用法分析 scissors是复数名词，意为“剪刀”，做主语时，谓语动词用复数。与a pair of连用，谓语用单数。
剪刀是专门用来剪东西的。Scissors are for the purpose of cutting.
There is a pair of scissors in the bottom drawer.最底下的抽屉里有把剪刀。
要点拓展 与a pair of结合的短语：
jeans牛仔裤 a pair of+ socks袜子
pants/trousers裤子 shoes鞋
glasses眼镜 gloves手套
shorts短裤 scissors剪刀
中考特殊考点 this/that/a pair of..做主语，谓语用单数；pairs of...做主语，谓语用复数。
This pair of shoes is too expensive.这双鞋太贵了。
Three pairs of pants for me are enough.对我来说三条裤子就够了。
注意 shoes/jeans/pants/trousers/socks/gloves/glasses/clothes..等放主语时，谓语用复数，代词用they/them。
Your shoes are under the bed. Do you find them？你的鞋在床底下。你找到了吗？
【新题速递】Look！There ___A___ a pair of glasses and two boxes on the table.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.这些作品通常是可爱的孩子、中国神话故事或历史故事中鲜活的人物。（P38）
要点14 lively的用法
用法分析 lively做形容词，意为“生动的；活泼的；充满活力的”，用作表语或定语，可用来修饰人或物。
他讲了一个非常生动的故事。He told a very lively story.
要点辨析 lively，alive，living，live
lively 表示“生气勃勃的，活泼的”，可修饰人或物，用作定语或表语。
alive 表示“活着的”，可以修饰人或动植物，常做表语、宾语补足语或后置定语。
living 表示“活着的”，修饰人或物，常做表语或定语。做表语时相当于alive。the living表示“活着的人”，做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
live 表示“活的，有精神的，现场直播的”，此时读作/la v/，可修饰人或物，一般只做前置定语。
Who is the lively girl in the picture？照片中那个活泼的女孩是谁？
Even though we’re in difficult times, we need to keep hope alive.即使我们处在困难时期，我们也需要保持活下去的希望。
The living are more important to us than the dead.活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。
This is a live fish.这是一条活鱼。
【新题速递】-Mr. Black always makes his class ___D___ and keeps his students interested in class.
-What a successful teacher he is！
A. boring B. lovely C. slowly D. lively
11.After drying, they are fired at a very high heat.干了之后还要高温烧制。（P38）
要点15 heat的用法
用法分析 heat为名词，意为“热，高温”，是不可数名词。at a very high heat表示“通过高温”，heat虽是不可数名词，但前面有修饰成分时，要用冠词a。
我想知道他们怎么能在如此热的天气下玩得很开心。I wonder how they can have fun in such heat.
要点拓展 heat还可做动词（vi.&vt.），意为“加热；变热”。
Water is heated in a pot.水在壶中被加热。
12.It takes several weeks to complete everything.要花好几个星期才能完成所有工序。（P38）
要点16 It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 本句是It takes（sb.）some time to do sth.句型，意为“做某事花费（某人）……时间”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
It takes me half an hour to get to the train station.到火车站花费了我半小时。
【新题速递】Roy works in London. It ___C___ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.
A costs B. spends C. takes
要点17 complete的用法
用法分析 complete是及物动词，意为“完成，结束”，相当于finish。
建筑工人将在明年建成这个新的运动中心。The builders will complete the new sports center next year.
要点拓展 completely adv.完全地，彻底地，用于修饰形容词或动词。
complete vt.完成，结束 completely adv.完全地，彻底地
complete adj.完全的，彻底的
The building was completely destroyed.这栋楼完全被破坏了。
This is a complete waste of time.这完全是在浪费时间。
要点辨析 complete，finish
complete 表示“完成”，是个比较正式的词，一般指计划、理想、工程等完成。
finish 是个普通用语，指“完成”或“结束”日常的事物，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式，不接不定式。
The building is not completed yet.这栋楼至今尚未完工。
I finished the task last night.我昨晚完成了那项任务。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
I’m sorry. I completely（完全地）forgot that it was your birthday yesterday.
针对训练
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.The sun provides us with light and heat（热）. We can’t live without it.
2.When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun rises（升起）in the east.
3.Who is the owner（所有者）of the new sports car？
4.My sister is a lively（活泼的）girl.
5.I want to take part in the petition（竞赛）。
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
6.Each of the girls here has（have）been to the West Lake twice.
7.Sorry,I’m late. I was talking with a friend and I completely（complete）forgot the time.
8.This pair of scissors is（be）mine.
9.It takes me a lot of money to buy（buy）a house.
10.-What do you want most？
-A room of my（I）own.
Ⅲ.单项填空
11.How long will it ___B___ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown？
A. spend B. take C. pay D. use
12.Mum won’t let Simon go out unless he promises to be back ___B___ 10 o’clock tonight.
A. till B. before C. as D. since
13.-Saly is my best friend. She is always there whenever I’m ___B___.
-Yeah. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
A. in order B. in trouble C. in public D. in style
14.The mountain ___C___ with snow all year round, so it’s hard to climb it.
A. covered B. was covered C. is covered D. covers
15.-Jack,could you help me ___D___ when the plane will take off on the Internet？
-I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work.
A. get out B. look out C. take out D. find out
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子
16.根据新的交通法，汽车上的每个人都必须系安全带。
According to the new traffic law, everyone in a car must wear the seat belt.
17.熊猫变得如此受欢迎，现在它们已经成为中国的一个象征。
Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China.
18.遗爱湖公园被认为是湖北最美的公园之一。
Yi’ai Lake Park is regarded as one of the most beautiful parks in Hubei.
19.作为一个学生，我会尽力帮助身处困境中的人。
As a student, I will try my best to help the people in trouble.
20.在树林里，地上被树叶所覆盖。
The ground is covered with leaves in the woods.
单元语法讲练
语法精讲
一般现在时的被动语态
一、基本用法
1.语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主语与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种不同的关系：主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。
3.一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式
一般现在时的被动语态的结构为“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”，be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者，就用介词“by”引出。
The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。
句式 主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by...）...
肯定句形式 主语+am/is/are + not+过去分词（+by...）...
否定句形式 Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词（+ by...）...？
一般疑问句形式 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+去分词（+by...）...？
特殊疑问句形式 主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by...）...
【教材原句】Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.茶树被种植在山坡上。
Are the cars made in China？这些汽车是中国生产的吗？
What is this kind of sweater made of？这种毛衣是用什么制成的？
二、难点突破
主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
1.确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语；
2.把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格；
3.把谓语变成被动结构“be+动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变；
4.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变成宾格。
主动语态： 主语+谓语+宾语…
被动语态： 主语+be done + by+…
We clean the classroom every day.
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
注意 by短语有时可省略。
【教材原句】People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。
→Tea is grown （by people）in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州（被人们）种植。
语法专练
1.-Your classroom looks so clean and tidy.
—Yes, it ___B___ every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
2.The Chinese traditional poems ___D___ to spread by popular singers.
A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung
3. Pu’er Tea ___D___ in some western areas of Yunnan.
A. plants B. was planted C. is planting D. is planted
4.-Do you know the famous artist in red？
—Sure. He ___C___ to the art festival in our city every year.
A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited
5.The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees ___C___ every year.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted
6.The students in this school ___A___ to choose their own school uniforms.
A. are allowed B. allowed C. are allowing
7.-Dr.Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s.He is a great international soldier.
-I know, so he ___B___ still ______ in both China and Canada now.
A. has；remembered B. is；remembered
C. will；remember D. is；remembering
8.A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and ___B___ with a special party.
A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. was celebrated D. will celebrate
9.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic ___A___ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
10.This book ___C___ by children.
A. loves B. loved C. is loved
11.-Waiter！I’d like some Shaoyang rice noodles.
—Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ___C___ only in the morning.
A. serve B. will serve C. are served
12.-I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
-You know they ___B___ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean
13.A lot of trees ___C___ every spring in Yiyang city.
A. plant B. is planted C. are planted
14.The latest mobile phone ___D___ in China.
A. will make B. has made C. is making D. is made
15.Chinese ___A___ by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. speak C. speaking
单元话题写作
产品介绍
写作分析
本单元的话题是关于“Things made in China（中国制造的产品）”的，同学们会了解到中国的民间艺术，这些艺术品凝聚着民族的精神、民族的文化和民族的真、善、美。而话题作文常涉及民间艺术以及文化传承，这是一个适合记叙、说明两种体裁相结合的话题，同时也是同学们喜欢写、有话写的题材。写好这类文章，最重要的是准确捕捉写作的“精髓”，有条理地把要描述的事物展现出来，此类话题的写作要立足事实、表达真情实感。
如何写好这类文章，需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用词汇
traditional folk art传统的民间艺术
the symbol of……的象征
around the world全世界
※常用句型句式
It is made of...它由……制成。
It is made in...它产于……
They are seen as symbols of..它们被认为是……的标志。
※常用开头结尾句
...is becoming more and more popular in China.……在中国变得越来越受欢迎。
At last, I hope you can enjoy...最后，我希望你能喜爱……
China is famous for...中国以……著名。
...is one of the most popular traditional folk arts in China.在中国，……是最受欢迎的传统民间艺术之一。
经典试题
假设你是李明，你的国外网友Eric在网上看到几幅中国剪纸（Chinese paper-cuts），Eric对此很感兴趣，给你发来邮件询问有关中国剪纸的信息，请你根据下表提示给他回封邮件。
Chinese paper-cuts
long history over 1,500 years, a special folk art
very popular in different parts of China, young or old, be fond of, do well in...
different shapes birds, animals, flowers...
Where do people put Chinese paper-cuts？
要求：1.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
2.词数：80左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
要点点拨 开篇点题 I’m glad to tell you something about Chinese paper-cuts.
介绍剪纸 剪纸历史→It has a long history of over 1,500 years. 剪纸的流行地区→We can see it in different parts of China. 剪纸的类型→People cut paper into different shapes. like... 剪纸的用途→People usually put them on…
对剪纸的认识或评价 I think Chinese paper cutting is very enjoyable.
提出邀请 I hope you’ll come to China to see...
佳作赏析
Dear, Eric,
I’m glad to tell you something about Chinese paper-cuts. As a special folk art①, it has a long history of over 1,500 years. We can see it in different parts of China. People cut paper into different shapes like birds, animals, flowers and so on②.People usually put them on doors or windows when③ they
celebrate something happy, especially④ the Spring Festival. I think Chinese paper cutting is very enjoyable. More and more⑤ people are interested in it.
I hope⑥you’ll come to China to see more Chinese paper-cuts one day⑥.
Yours,
Li Ming
①As a special folk art引入话题，增加了文章的可信度。
②and soon 激发出读者的想象力。
③when说明使用剪纸的时刻。
④especially的使用恰到好处，突出了作者驾驭语言的能力。
⑤点出了人们对剪纸艺术的喜爱。
⑥I hope..., one day.对别人发出邀请，语言恰当明了。Section A 教材要点精析
1.Is it made of silver？它是银制的吗？（P33）
要点1 be made of的用法
用法分析 be made of意为“由……制成”，指原材料
经过加工后没有发生质的变化，从成品中可以看出原材料。
这件外套是由丝绸制成的。The coat is made of silk.
历史上第一个风筝是由木头做成的吗？Was the first kite made of wood in history？
要点拓展 be made相关的短语：
be made from 意为“由……制成”，是指原材料经过加工后发生了质的变化，从成品中看不出原材料。
be made in 意为“在……制造”，表示某物是在某地生产或制造的。
be made by 意为“被……制作”，表示某物是由某人或以某种方式制造的。
be made into 意为“把……制成…，使转变为”，是指用某种原材料制成某种成品。主语在意义上为原料，介词的宾语在意义上为制成品。
Be made up of 意为“由……组成/构成”，指由两个或两个以上的部分组成/构成。
Bread is made from eggs, milk and flour.面包是由鸡蛋、牛奶和面粉制成的。
This furniture is made in America.这套家具是美国生产的。
This pair of shoes is made by my grandmother.这双鞋是我奶奶做的。
In many parts of the world, corn is made into powder.世界上有许多地方把玉米磨成粉。
This medical team is made up of one doctor and three nurses.这支医疗团队是由一名医生和三名护士组成的。
【新题速递】-Do you know anything about C919？
-Of course. It’s a kind of plane which ______ China.
A. is made of B. is made in C. is made from D. is made up of
2.the art and science fair 艺术和科学展览会（P34）
要点2 fair的用法
用法分析 affair为可数名词，意为“展览会；交易会”。
下周末城市广场将举办书展。There will be a book fair on the city square next weekend.
要点拓展 fair为形容词时，常见含义为：
fair adj. 公平的，公正的 反义词 unfair
合理的，适当的 反义词 unfair
浅色的；白皙的 反义词 dark
3.grass and leaves 草和树叶（P34）
要点3 leaf的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 leaf为名词，意为“叶子”。leaves是其复数形式。
You can see many fallen leaves in autumn.秋天你可以看到许多落叶。
要点拓展 以f，fe结尾的名词变复数：
wife→wives妻子 将f，fe变为v再加-es leaf→leaves叶子
life→lives生命 shelf→shelves架子
thief→thieves小偷 scarf→scarves围巾
wolf→wolves狼 knife→knives刀
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn （树叶）。
4.China is famous for tea, right？中国因茶而驰名，是吗？（P34）
要点4 famous的用法
用法分析 famous为形容词，意为“著名的；出名的”，在句中做定语和表语。
她是一个著名的演员。She is a famous actress.
“famous”各不同 be famous for 因……而闻名/著名
be famous to 为……所熟知； 对……而言是著名的
be famous as 作为……而出名； 以……（身份）而闻名
这个地区以绿茶而出名。The area is famous for its green tea.
中国素以丝绸闻名。China has been famous for its silk.
爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家著称。Einstein was famous as a great scientist.
成龙为世人所熟知。Jackie Chan is famous to the people all over the world.
小提示 be famous for相当于be known for；be famous as相当于be known as。
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province making kites now.
5.Where is tea produced in China？中国的哪些地方产茶？（P34）
要点5 produce的用法
用法分析 produce为及物动词，意为“生产；制造；出产”。
中国出产小麦。China produces wheat.
要点拓展 （1）produce为不可数名词，意为“产品”，多指农产品。
There is enough farm produce in that supermarket.在那个超市有足够的农产品。
（2）product为可数名词，意为“产品；制品”。多指工业产品，也可以指农产品，还可以指脑力劳动等的产物。
They have an interest in health products.他们对健康产品感兴趣。
【新题速递】The number of the people using Huawei ______ is getting larger and larger.
A. cultures B. customers C. products D. histories
6.For example, Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.像安溪和杭州都是普遍著名的产茶地。（P34）
要点6 widely的用法
用法分析 widely做副词，意为“广泛地，广阔地”，用于修饰动词。
在英国和美国，英语被广泛使用。English is widely spoken in the UK and the USA.
要点拓展 wide做形容词，意为“宽的，广泛的”。反义词为narrow（窄的，狭窄的）。
The river is too wide to swim across.河面太宽了，游不过去。
【新题速递】Intelligent house furnishings（智能家居）are ______ used in people’s homes these days.
A. widely B. luckily C. softly D. loudly
7.Well,as far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.嗯，据我所知，茶树被种植在山坡上。（P34）
句子结构分析 本句是含被动语态的句子。tea plants与grow之间是被动关系，因比用被动语态。
要点7 as far as 1know 的用法
用法分析 as far as I know意为“据我所知”，其后用逗号与后面的句子隔开。as far as意为“与……一样远；一直到……”，引申意为“就……而言；从……来看；尽……所能；只要”。
据我所知，世界上越来越多的人正在学习汉语。As far as I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.
我们会尽可能地帮助你。We’ll help you as far as possible.
要点拓展 as far as I can see 据我看；as far as I can remember据我所记得的。
【新题速递】-We’re still expecting a new movie shown in the cinema.
- ______, there is no new movie this month.
A. After all B. As far as I know C. So far
8.When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.叶子长好后，人们就手工把叶子采摘下来，然后送去加工。（P34）
要点8 by hand的用法
用法分析 by hand为介词短语，意为“用手；手工”，其中by是介词，用来表示方式和手段，意为“通过……方式”。
这件毛衣是手工织的。This sweater was made by hand.
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
当茶叶可采摘时，人们手工采摘后再送去加工。
When the leaves of the tea plant are ready, they are picked and then are sent for processing.
9.It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.全世界好多人都好像在喝中国茶。（P34）
要点9 “lt seems + that从句…”的用法
用法分析 “It seems + that从句…”表示“看起来……；似乎……；好像……”。
你好像有点感冒。It seems that you’ve caught a little cold.
It seems that his temperature is all right.他的体温似乎正常。
要点拓展 seem句型透视：
seem句型透视 “主语+seem（s）（+to be）+表语”意为“某人似乎/看上去……”
seem to do sth.好像/似乎做某事
sb. + seem（s）+不定式=lt seems that sb...意为“某人似乎/看上去……”
It seemed as if...意为“看起来像/仿佛……”
His father seems（to be）a kind man.他父亲看上去像个和善的人。
Tom seems to know everything.汤姆好像什么都知道。
She seems to be sleeping.她好像在睡觉。
It seems as if it is going to rain.看起来天快要下雨了。
【新题速递】-Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ______ that a big storm is coming.
A. sounds B. seems C. feels D. smells
10.No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你可能买什么，你也许会认为那些产品一定就是那些国家制造的。（P35）
要点10 no matter的用法
用法分析 no matter意为“不论；无论”，常与疑问词连用，表示“无论……”，该句中的No matter what相当于Whatever，引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。
无论走到哪里，都不要忘了你是个中国人。No matter where you go, never forget that you’re a Chinese.
=Wherever you go, never forget that you’re a Chinese.
无论他说什么，都别相信他。Don’t trust him, no matter what he says.
=Don’t trust him, whatever he says.
特殊疑问词+-ever wherever=no matter where无论在哪里
whenever=no matter when无论什么时候
whoever=no matter who无论谁
however=no matter how无论怎样
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
无论学生在学校里发生什么事，老师总会在他们身边帮助他们。
what happens to the students in the school, their teachers will always be there for them.
11.He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.他发现了一个有趣的现象，当地商店里许多产品都是中国制造的。（P35）
句子结构分析 “find it+多容词+that从句”结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句，interesting做found的宾语补足语。
要点11 find的常用结构
用法分析 find的常用结构：find +that宾语从句；find + it（形式宾语）十形容词（宾语补足语）+to do sth.；find+宾语十宾语补足语（形容词/名词/动词-ing形式）。
我发现这儿的老师对我很好。I find that the teachers are friendly to me here.
我发现她很容易相处。I find it easy to get on with her.
他发现地上有个男孩在哭泣。He found the boy crying on the ground.
注意 “主语+find + it+形容词/名词+ to do…”是简单句，可以与复合句“主语+find+ that + it is +形容词/名词+to do...”互换。
I find it difficult to learn math well.
=I find that it is difficult to learn math well.我发现学好数学很难。
【新题速递】We find ______ impossible for us ______ a foreign language well in a short time.
A. one；learn B. it；to learn C. that；to learn D. this；learning
12.He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.他意识到，美国人几乎不可避免会买中国制造的产品。（P35）
要点12 avoid的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 avoid为动词，意为“避免；回避”，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语，但是不能接不定式做宾语。
avoid 1 avoid sb./sth.回避某人/某事
2 avoid doing sth.防止做某事；避免做某事
为了避免浪费资源，我们必须尽可能多地循环利用它们。In order to avoid wasting resources, we must recycle them as much as possible.
既然你们不能避免彼此见面，为什么不好好谈一谈呢？Since you can’t avoid seeing each other, why not have a good talk？
【新题速递】We should ______ making a noise in the library.
A. avoid B. prefer C. practise D. enjoy
13.However,he hopes that in the future China will also get better at making high-technology products that people can buy in all parts of the world.不过，他希望将来中国更善于制造高科技产品，让世界各地的人们都能买到。（P35）
句子结构分析 本句为复合句，句中第一个that引导的是宾语从句，做动词hopes的宾语，that 只起到连接词的作用，不做任何成分；第二个that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词“high-technology products"，that在定语从句中做动词buy的宾语。
14.What language is spoken in Germany？在德国说什么语言？（P36）
要点13 Germany的用法
用法分析 Germany为名词，意为“德国”。
德国是一个欧洲国家。Germany is a European country.
要点拓展 German做形容词，意为“德国的；德语的；德国人的”；做名词，意为“德语；德国人”。
They are Germans, come from Germany and they can speak German.他们是德国人，来自德国，他们会说德语。
注意 German故“德语”讲时，为不可数名词。German 故“速国人”讲时，为可数名词，复数为Germans。
小提示 以-an结尾的国人的复数，在词尾加-s，如Americans（美国人），Australians（澳大利亚人），Italians（意大利人）等。
【新题速递】Many foreigners came to our school last week, including three ______ and four______.
A. German；American B. Germans；American
C. Germans；Americans D. German；Americans
15.Most of the earth’s surface is covered by water.地球表面的大部分地区被水覆盖。（P36）
要点14 surface的用法
用法分析 surface为可数名词，意为“表面；表层”。做“水面；地面；液面”讲时，通常只用其单数形式。
这些植物漂浮在水面上。These plants float on the surface of the water.
要点拓展 on the surface意为“表面上，从外表看；乍一看”。
On the surface, it seems like a good idea.乍一看，这主意好像不错。
On the surface, it seems a simple story.从表面看，这似乎是个简单的故事。
16.Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.粗心驾驶导致许多交通事故。（P36）
要点15 careless的用法
用法分析 careless做形容词，意为“粗心的；不小心的”。反义词是careful。
他没有把门锁上，实在是太粗心了。It was careless of him to leave the door unlocked.
要点拓展 后级less意思是“无……的；不能……”。类似的词有：use+less→useless（无用的），hope+less→hopeless（无望的），care+less→careless（粗心的），help+less-helpless（无助的），end+less→endless（没完没了的），hope+less→hopeless（绝望的；不可救药的），meaning+less→meaningless（无意义的），home +less →homeless（无家可归的）。
【新题速递】用所给词的适当形式填空
How （care）you are！ You have left your book at home again！
要点16 traffic的用法
用法分析 traffic是不可数名词，意为“交通；路上行驶的车辆”。traffic accidents表示“交通事故”。
这个城市的一些地方交通很拥挤。The traffic is heavy in some parts of the city.
在一天的这段时间里往来的车辆很多。There’s a lot of traffic at the time of a day.
注意 表示交通拥挤，形容词用heavy，交通不拥挤，形容词用light。
固定搭配 traffic lights交通信号灯；traffic law交通法规。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
You mustn’t go across the street when the （交通）lights are red.
随堂训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The ground is covered with fallen （leaf）in autumn.
2.Why can’t I get a free ticket, too？ It’s （fair）！
3.May I help you？ You seem （have）some trouble.
4.Zhang Ping is very （care）. He usually makes mistakes in his exams.
5.You should try your best to avoid （make） mistakes while taking an important exam.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.-Confucius Institute（孔子学院）has been set up in many other countries.
—Yes, Chinese is ______ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese.
A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom
7.-What do you think of my shirt？It ______ cotton.
-It looks nice on you.
A. is made in B. is made for C. is made of D. is made by
8.-Are all the students from ______ in your class？
-No, there are only 3 ______ in our class. The others are from other countries.
A. Germany；Germen B. Germany；Germans
C. German；Germans D. German；Germany
9.My pen pal Andrew found it difficult ______ Chinese well.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned
10.Nowadays some ______ made in China are both good and cheap, such as Xiaomi mobile phones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.
A. tools B. products C. materials D. instruments
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.巴西以亚马逊雨林和足球而闻名（著称）。每年有许多人去那里旅游。
Brazil the Amazon Rainforest and soccer. Many people travel there every year.
12.据我所知，汤姆已经离开两个星期了。
, Tom has been away for two weeks.
13.你想在教师节为你的老师亲手做卡片吗？
Do you want to make cards for your teacher on Teachers’ Day？
14.无论发生什么，黄岩岛属于中国的事实永远不会改变。
happens, the fact that Huangyan Island belongs to China will never change.
15.每年酒后驾车都会造成很多交通事故。
Every year driving after drinking wine causes a lot of .
Section B 教材要点精析
1.Laura is trying to find out more about what Zheng Yun did on his vacation.劳拉正努力找出更多关于郑云在假期做的事情的信息。（P37）
要点1 find out 的用法
用法分析 find out指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相，即“查明，弄清楚”。
请弄清楚火车什么时候开。Please find out when the train leaves.
要点拓展 look for表示“寻找”，强调“找”的动作；find强调“找，发现”的结果。
What are you looking for？你在找什么？
I can’t find my watch.我找不到我的手表了。
【新题速递】Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and ______ which university is the best for her to attend.
A. put out B. stay out C. find out D. run out
2.The competitors at the festival are from all over the world.出席节日的竞争对手来自世界各地。（P37）
要点2 competitor的用法
用法分析 competitor为可数名词，意为“参赛者；竞争者”。
Over 200 competitors entered the race.200多名选手参加了赛跑。
要点拓展 （1）competition.比赛，竞争。做可数名词时，指具体比赛；做不可数名词时，指抽象含义的“竞争”
He took part in several chess competitions last year.他去年参加了几场棋艺大赛。
（2）compete vi.竞争。常用结构：compete against sb.与某人竞争；compete in...参加……；compete to do sth.竞争做某事；compete against/with sb. for sth.为某事与某人竞争。
Some companies are competing against each other for the market.一些公司为了市场相互竞争。
3.Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.中国每个不同的地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。（P38）
要点3 each 的用法
用法分析 each表示一定数目中的“每一个”，做主语时谓语用单数；做同位语时谓语用复数。
我们每人都有一本英语书。Each of us has an English book.
=We each have an English book.（each做同位语）
要点辨析 each，every
each 用于两者或两者以上，个别意义较重，表示各个不同，强调个人或个别。
可接of短语，every则不可；each还可做定语、状语，修饰单数名词。
every 表示数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”，表示“全体”意义，用于三者或三者以上。
every还可用于数词前，each则不能，如every five minutes（每5分钟）。
Each of his children goes to different schools.他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。
Every child must finish their homework on time.每个孩子必须按时完成作业。
【新题速递】Each of us ______ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
A. has B. have C. will have D. had
要点4 one’s own的用法
用法分析 one’s own某人自己的。
这是我自己的钢笔，不是她的。This is my own pen, not hers.
要点拓展 own做动词，意为“拥有”；owner做名词，意为“拥有者，所有者，主人”。
固定搭配 on one’s own=by oneself独自，主动地；with one’s own eyes 目睹；the owner of...……的主人。
You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。
【新题速递】Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on ______ own.
A. him B. his C. them D. their
4.According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.据中国历史记载，诸葛孔明是第一个使用孔明灯的人。（P38）
要点5 according to的用法
用法分析 according to为介词短语，意为“根据”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句做宾语。
根据新交通法规，我们不应该酒后驾驶。According to the new traffic laws, we shouldn’t drive after drinking wine.
5.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.当遇到麻烦时，他就放出孔明灯来求援。（P38）
句子结构分析 本句中when in trouble意为“当遇到麻烦时”，是省略句，完整的表达是when he was in trouble，省略了主语和be动词。当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语动词是be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。
Look out for cars when （you are）crossing the road.过马路时注意车辆。
要点6 send out的用法
用法分析 send out意为“放出；分发；发出（光、信号、声音等）”，为“动词+副词”型短语，其后跟名词或代词做宾语。当宾语是名词时，放在两者之间或out之后均可；当宾语是代词时，要放在两者之间。
你能帮我把孔明灯放出去吗？Could you help me to send the sky lanterns out？
固定搭配 send的常考短语：send for派人去请；send up发射（火箭、卫星、飞船等）；send of寄出。
要点7 in trouble的用法
用法分析 in trouble处于困境中。trouble做名词，意为“问题；烦恼；困难”，是不可数名词。
不要嘲笑处于困境中的人们。Don’t laugh at the people in trouble.
固定搭配
in trouble处于困境中 含trouble的短语 ask for trouble自找麻烦
out of trouble摆脱困境 get into trouble陷入困境
have trouble with sth.因某事有麻烦/困难/苦恼 have trouble（in） doing sth.做某事有困难
I have some trouble （in） reading her hand-writing.我认她的笔迹感到有些困难。
要点拓展 （1）trouble还做及物动词，意为“麻烦”。
May I trouble you to move your chair a bit？麻烦你把椅子挪一挪行吗？
（2）“in+名词”结构短语：in trouble处于困境中；in need需要；in fact事实上；in surprise惊讶地；in danger处于危险中。
【新题速递】-I have trouble _____- the new word. Can you help me？
-Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary.
A. understanding B. to understand C. understand D. understood
6.They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.孔明灯用竹子做成，竹子外面用纸包裹。（P38）
要点8 cover的用法
用法分析 cover做动词，意为“覆盖；遮掩”；做名词，意为“封面；盖子”。
山上覆盖着雪。The hills were covered with snow.
他这本书的封皮和你那本书的封皮一样。This book of his has the same cover as yours.
固定搭配 cover...with...用……把……覆盖；be covered with/by...被……所覆盖。
About three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面约四分之三被水覆盖着。
【新题速递】根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
Most of the earth’s surface is by water.
7.When the lanterns are lit, they slowly rise into the air like small hot –air balloons for all to see.孔明灯点燃后，像小小的热气球一样慢慢地升上天空，供人们欣赏。（P38）
要点9 rise的用法
用法分析 rise做动词，意为“（太阳、月亮、星星等）升起”，反义词为set（落下）。rise的过去式，过去分词分别是rose，risen。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起，西方落下。
要点拓展 rise也指数量、价值或数字的增加或增长。
The price of the oil rose to seven yuan per litre.油价上升到每升7元。
要点辨析 rise，raise
rise 不及物动词 指日、月、星、雾等升起，人或物站起来。
raise 及物动词 举起；上升。指人为的或物借助外力升高、举起，如raise one’s hands（举手），raise the flag（升国旗）等。
She rose from her seat.她从座位上站了起来。
If you have any question, you can raise your hand.有问题你可以举手。
【新题速递】-The price of vegetables ______ so quickly these days.
-Oh, no, but I don’t think so.
A. afford B. rises C. improves D. raise
8.They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.这些灯被看作幸福和美好愿望的光明象征。（P38）
要点10 be seen as的用法
用法分析 be seen as意为“被看作”，是被动结构，其主动形式为see...as...，意为“把…….看作……”。
高铁被视为中国新四大成就之一。High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great Achievements of China.
要点拓展
把……看作…… think of...as...
look on...as...
consider...as...
regard...as...
treat...as...
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
莲花湖公园被认为是达州最美的公园之一。
Lian Hua Lake Park is one of the most beautiful parks in Dazhou.
要点11 symbol的用法
用法分析 symbol做名词，意为“象征；标志”，后接介词of，表示“……的象征”；后接介词for，表示“……的符号”。
玫瑰是爱情的象征。The rose is a symbol of love.
在地图上，十字符号代表教堂。On maps, a cross is the symbol for a church.
【新题速递】In China, the color red is the ______ of good luck.
A. dream B. way C. symbol D. reason
9.The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors.通常使用红色的纸，先折叠，再用剪刀剪。（P38）
句子结构分析 本句中的“usually red”是插入语，是对主语The paper的补充说明。插入语通常位于句中，并用逗号隔开，有的也可位于句首或句末。
People, young or old, should protect the environment.人们，无论年轻或年迈，都应该保护环境。
要点12 before的用法
用法分析 before意为“在……之前”，和after（在……之后）相对，引导时间状语从句时，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时；主句用过去时或过去完成时，从句用过去时。
离开房间前请关上门。Please close the door before you leave the room.
他们要过四天才能回来。It will be four days before they come back.
要点拓展 before用在时间、事件和位置前，做介词意为“在……之前”，做副词意为“以前”。
Can you come back before7:00？你能在7点之前回来吗？
I’ve seen that film before.我以前看过那部电影。
【新题速递】Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands ______ you eat.
A. until B. after C. while D. before
要点13 scissors的用法
用法分析 scissors是复数名词，意为“剪刀”，做主语时，谓语动词用复数。与a pair of连用，谓语用单数。
剪刀是专门用来剪东西的。Scissors are for the purpose of cutting.
There is a pair of scissors in the bottom drawer.最底下的抽屉里有把剪刀。
要点拓展 与a pair of结合的短语：
jeans牛仔裤 a pair of+ socks袜子
pants/trousers裤子 shoes鞋
glasses眼镜 gloves手套
shorts短裤 scissors剪刀
中考特殊考点 this/that/a pair of..做主语，谓语用单数；pairs of...做主语，谓语用复数。
This pair of shoes is too expensive.这双鞋太贵了。
Three pairs of pants for me are enough.对我来说三条裤子就够了。
注意 shoes/jeans/pants/trousers/socks/gloves/glasses/clothes..等放主语时，谓语用复数，代词用they/them。
Your shoes are under the bed. Do you find them？你的鞋在床底下。你找到了吗？
【新题速递】Look！There ______ a pair of glasses and two boxes on the table.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.这些作品通常是可爱的孩子、中国神话故事或历史故事中鲜活的人物。（P38）
要点14 lively的用法
用法分析 lively做形容词，意为“生动的；活泼的；充满活力的”，用作表语或定语，可用来修饰人或物。
他讲了一个非常生动的故事。He told a very lively story.
要点辨析 lively，alive，living，live
lively 表示“生气勃勃的，活泼的”，可修饰人或物，用作定语或表语。
alive 表示“活着的”，可以修饰人或动植物，常做表语、宾语补足语或后置定语。
living 表示“活着的”，修饰人或物，常做表语或定语。做表语时相当于alive。the living表示“活着的人”，做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
live 表示“活的，有精神的，现场直播的”，此时读作/la v/，可修饰人或物，一般只做前置定语。
Who is the lively girl in the picture？照片中那个活泼的女孩是谁？
Even though we’re in difficult times, we need to keep hope alive.即使我们处在困难时期，我们也需要保持活下去的希望。
The living are more important to us than the dead.活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。
This is a live fish.这是一条活鱼。
【新题速递】-Mr. Black always makes his class ______ and keeps his students interested in class.
-What a successful teacher he is！
A. boring B. lovely C. slowly D. lively
11.After drying, they are fired at a very high heat.干了之后还要高温烧制。（P38）
要点15 heat的用法
用法分析 heat为名词，意为“热，高温”，是不可数名词。at a very high heat表示“通过高温”，heat虽是不可数名词，但前面有修饰成分时，要用冠词a。
我想知道他们怎么能在如此热的天气下玩得很开心。I wonder how they can have fun in such heat.
要点拓展 heat还可做动词（vi.&vt.），意为“加热；变热”。
Water is heated in a pot.水在壶中被加热。
12.It takes several weeks to complete everything.要花好几个星期才能完成所有工序。（P38）
要点16 It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 本句是It takes（sb.）some time to do sth.句型，意为“做某事花费（某人）……时间”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
It takes me half an hour to get to the train station.到火车站花费了我半小时。
【新题速递】Roy works in London. It ______ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.
A costs B. spends C. takes
要点17 complete的用法
用法分析 complete是及物动词，意为“完成，结束”，相当于finish。
建筑工人将在明年建成这个新的运动中心。The builders will complete the new sports center next year.
要点拓展 completely adv.完全地，彻底地，用于修饰形容词或动词。
complete vt.完成，结束 completely adv.完全地，彻底地
complete adj.完全的，彻底的
The building was completely destroyed.这栋楼完全被破坏了。
This is a complete waste of time.这完全是在浪费时间。
要点辨析 complete，finish
complete 表示“完成”，是个比较正式的词，一般指计划、理想、工程等完成。
finish 是个普通用语，指“完成”或“结束”日常的事物，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式，不接不定式。
The building is not completed yet.这栋楼至今尚未完工。
I finished the task last night.我昨晚完成了那项任务。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
I’m sorry. I （完全地）forgot that it was your birthday yesterday.
随堂训练
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.The sun provides us with light and （热）. We can’t live without it.
2.When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun （升起）in the east.
3.Who is the （所有者）of the new sports car？
4.My sister is a （活泼的）girl.
5.I want to take part in the singing （竞赛）。
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
6.Each of the girls here （have）been to the West Lake twice.
7.Sorry,I’m late. I was talking with a friend and I （complete）forgot the time.
8.This pair of scissors （be）mine.
9.It takes me a lot of money （buy）a house.
10.-What do you want most？
-A room of （I）own.
Ⅲ.单项填空
11.How long will it ______ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown？
A. spend B. take C. pay D. use
12.Mum won’t let Simon go out unless he promises to be back ______ 10 o’clock tonight.
A. till B. before C. as D. since
13.-Saly is my best friend. She is always there whenever I’m ______.
-Yeah. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
A. in order B. in trouble C. in public D. in style
14.The mountain ______ with snow all year round, so it’s hard to climb it.
A. covered B. was covered C. is covered D. covers
15.-Jack,could you help me ______ when the plane will take off on the Internet？
-I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work.
A. get out B. look out C. take out D. find out
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子
16.根据新的交通法，汽车上的每个人都必须系安全带。
the new traffic law, everyone in a car must wear the seat belt.
17.熊猫变得如此受欢迎，现在它们已经成为中国的一个象征。
Pandas have become so popular that they are now China.
18.遗爱湖公园被认为是湖北最美的公园之一。
Yi’ai Lake Park one of the most beautiful parks in Hubei.
19.作为一个学生，我会尽力帮助身处困境中的人。
a student, I will try my best to help the people .
20.在树林里，地上被树叶所覆盖。
The ground leaves in the woods.
单元语法讲练
语法精讲
一般现在时的被动语态
一、基本用法
1.语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主语与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种不同的关系：主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。本单元先来学习一般现在时的被动语态。
3.一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式
一般现在时的被动语态的结构为“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”，be的单复数形式根据主语而定。如果强调动作或行为的执行者，就用介词“by”引出。
The kite is made by my father.这个风筝是我爸爸制作的。
句式 主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by...）...
肯定句形式 主语+am/is/are + not+过去分词（+by...）...
否定句形式 Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词（+ by...）...？
一般疑问句形式 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+去分词（+by...）...？
特殊疑问句形式 主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by...）...
【教材原句】Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.茶树被种植在山坡上。
Are the cars made in China？这些汽车是中国生产的吗？
What is this kind of sweater made of？这种毛衣是用什么制成的？
二、难点突破
主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
1.确定主动句的主语、谓语和宾语；
2.把主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语，若主动句里的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变为主格；
3.把谓语变成被动结构“be+动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变；
4.把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后做宾语，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变成宾格。
主动语态： 主语+谓语+宾语…
被动语态： 主语+be done + by+…
We clean the classroom every day.
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
注意 by短语有时可省略。
【教材原句】People grow tea in Hangzhou.人们在杭州种植茶叶。
→Tea is grown （by people）in Hangzhou.茶叶在杭州（被人们）种植。
语法专练
1.-Your classroom looks so clean and tidy.
—Yes, it ______ every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
2.The Chinese traditional poems ______ to spread by popular singers.
A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung
3. Pu’er Tea ______ in some western areas of Yunnan.
A. plants B. was planted C. is planting D. is planted
4.-Do you know the famous artist in red？
—Sure. He ______ to the art festival in our city every year.
A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited
5.The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees ______ every year.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted
6.The students in this school ______ to choose their own school uniforms.
A. are allowed B. allowed C. are allowing
7.-Dr.Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s.He is a great international soldier.
-I know, so he ______ still ______ in both China and Canada now.
A. has；remembered B. is；remembered
C. will；remember D. is；remembering
8.A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and ______ with a special party.
A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. was celebrated D. will celebrate
9.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic ______ each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B. was created C. creates
10.This book ______ by children.
A. loves B. loved C. is loved
11.-Waiter！I’d like some Shaoyang rice noodles.
—Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ______ only in the morning.
A. serve B. will serve C. are served
12.-I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
-You know they ______ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean
13.A lot of trees ______ every spring in Yiyang city.
A. plant B. is planted C. are planted
14.The latest mobile phone ______ in China.
A. will make B. has made C. is making D. is made
15.Chinese ______ by more and more people around the world.
A. is spoken B. speak C. speaking
单元话题写作
产品介绍
写作分析
本单元的话题是关于“Things made in China（中国制造的产品）”的，同学们会了解到中国的民间艺术，这些艺术品凝聚着民族的精神、民族的文化和民族的真、善、美。而话题作文常涉及民间艺术以及文化传承，这是一个适合记叙、说明两种体裁相结合的话题，同时也是同学们喜欢写、有话写的题材。写好这类文章，最重要的是准确捕捉写作的“精髓”，有条理地把要描述的事物展现出来，此类话题的写作要立足事实、表达真情实感。
如何写好这类文章，需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用词汇
traditional folk art传统的民间艺术
the symbol of……的象征
around the world全世界
※常用句型句式
It is made of...它由……制成。
It is made in...它产于……
They are seen as symbols of..它们被认为是……的标志。
※常用开头结尾句
...is becoming more and more popular in China.……在中国变得越来越受欢迎。
At last, I hope you can enjoy...最后，我希望你能喜爱……
China is famous for...中国以……著名。
...is one of the most popular traditional folk arts in China.在中国，……是最受欢迎的传统民间艺术之一。
经典试题
假设你是李明，你的国外网友Eric在网上看到几幅中国剪纸（Chinese paper-cuts），Eric对此很感兴趣，给你发来邮件询问有关中国剪纸的信息，请你根据下表提示给他回封邮件。
Chinese paper-cuts
long history over 1,500 years, a special folk art
very popular in different parts of China, young or old, be fond of, do well in...
different shapes birds, animals, flowers...
Where do people put Chinese paper-cuts？
要求：1.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
2.词数：80左右。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
要点点拨 开篇点题 I’m glad to tell you something about Chinese paper-cuts.
介绍剪纸 剪纸历史→It has a long history of over 1,500 years. 剪纸的流行地区→We can see it in different parts of China. 剪纸的类型→People cut paper into different shapes. like... 剪纸的用途→People usually put them on…
对剪纸的认识或评价 I think Chinese paper cutting is very enjoyable.
提出邀请 I hope you’ll come to China to see...
佳作赏析
Dear, Eric,
I’m glad to tell you something about Chinese paper-cuts. As a special folk art①, it has a long history of over 1,500 years. We can see it in different parts of China. People cut paper into different shapes like birds, animals, flowers and so on②.People usually put them on doors or windows when③ they
celebrate something happy, especially④ the Spring Festival. I think Chinese paper cutting is very enjoyable. More and more⑤ people are interested in it.
I hope⑥you’ll come to China to see more Chinese paper-cuts one day⑥.
Yours,
Li Ming
①As a special folk art引入话题，增加了文章的可信度。
②and soon 激发出读者的想象力。
③when说明使用剪纸的时刻。
④especially的使用恰到好处，突出了作者驾驭语言的能力。
⑤点出了人们对剪纸艺术的喜爱。
⑥I hope..., one day.对别人发出邀请，语言恰当明了。

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