资源简介

【高考英语】
七选五增分专项突破+题型特训
考纲解读
考试大纲 要求 考纲解读
主要考查考生对文章的整
给出一篇缺少 5 个句
考查考生的逻辑思 体内容和结构以及上下文
子的文章，对应有七个
维能力，也就是对 逻辑的理解和掌握。选项特
选项，要求考生根据文
上下文之间、层次 点：主旨概括句（文章整体
章结构、内容，选择正
之间逻辑关系的判 内容）、过渡性句子（文章结
确的句子，填入相应的
断能力。 构）、注释性句子（上下文逻
空白处。
辑意义）。
一、《考试大纲》对阅读理解的主要要求
1.掌握所读文章的主旨和大意以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；
2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；
3.既理解字面意思，也理解根据字面意思可以推断出来的没有明确说出
的深沉含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；
4.既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理
和判断；
5.既能根据文章所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生自己应有的常识
去理解。
二、考试大纲对阅读理解七选五的要求
试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填
入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读理解七选五，即给出一篇缺少 5 个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，
根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该类题型要求
从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳
选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和
掌握。其命题形式深受阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》“用英语
获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习
和教学理念。七选五和传统题型完型填空有些类似，虽然完型填空题考查的
是词汇层面，七选五考查的是句子层面，但是它们的考查方式是一样的，只
要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因
此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共同之处。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题
的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，
考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体
内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”可以得出以下判断：该题
备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注
释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面
进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子
不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
三、阅读理解七选五题型的特点
1.符合《英语课程标准》中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分
析问题和解决问题的能力”的要求和《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 说
明》中“如果希望准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，
把握住全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。”的要求。如果说
通常意义上的高考英语完形填空题是词法和句法范围内的考查，它是语言表
达的基本单位，属于语言的组织规律，那么阅读填空题就是章法范围内的考
查，是语言使用的范畴，属于言语的组织规律，简单地说，前者侧重语言的
结构-语法，而后者侧重语言的使用-章法。
2.注重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。阅读本质就是一种理解、吸收、鉴赏、
评价文章的思维过程，新题型不但要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇等
方面的知识，而且要有辨证、综合、分析、归纳方面的逻辑思维能力，是阅
读的深层理解，也是阅读的核心和关键。
3.题材新颖，具有浓厚的时代气息和较高的真实性，与学生的学习经历
和生活经历相适应，与新课程理念下的高考改革走向相适应，与高中英语教
学实际相适应，遵循了《英语课程标准》的评价理念，保证了试题的效度、
信度、真实性和公平性原则。
应试技巧
根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略
1.如果空白在段首
(1)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找
同义词或其他相关词，从而推断出主题句。
(2)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文的第一、二句，锁定
线索词，然后在选项中查找相关词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第
一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
(3)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望，阅读上一段的结尾部分，并结合
下一段的内容，将所选的答案代入，看其是否能承上启下，将两段内容连起
来。
2.如果空白在段尾
(1)重点阅读空白前的一两句以锁定关键词。
(2)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等
的信号词，选项中也可发现前文的同义词、句。
(3)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比
的关联词，同时注意选项内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。
(4)与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是要补全说明本段主
题的其他细节，在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似
的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。前句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相
连的，要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句。
(5)所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关
联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。
(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。
3.如果空白构成一整个自然段
(1)这个段落应该起承上启下的作用，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中
心，因此可重点阅读较长的选项，以此类推，直至找到正确答案。
(2)着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句，寻找相关的线索，而且
重要线索通常会在后一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更重要。
(3)分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。
将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，即为正确答案。
真题回顾
2020 年，全国卷 I，七选五阅读
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems
too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here’s a handful of
ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel
not-good-enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that
eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than
theirs Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this
world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are
often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than
getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer
yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response ＂That didn’t go as
planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal.
Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List
all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job,
earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections.
Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy,
why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to
yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of
strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A. Feeling upset again
B. Where do you start
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.根据题目 A Few Tips for Self-acceptance 及下文的 Here's a
handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可
以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项 B. Where do you start (从哪里
开始那？)最合下文语境，故选 B 项。
37.根据下文 Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered
because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your
own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己
的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个
世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为
生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故 F. Stop comparing
yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心
句，故选 F 项。
38.根据本文的中心句 Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have
made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and
time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，选项 D. Remember, you are
only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选 D 项。
39.根据上文 List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You
have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出
你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)
与上文衔接最好，故选 C 项。
40.结合上文 Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't
feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来
解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一
下这些话。)和下文的 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of
strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are (翻到你日记本
上记下你的有点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可知，选项 A. Feeling
upset again (再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选 A 项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中
有两项为多余选项。
Keys to a Good Family Life
In posters and ads we often see pictures of happy families, but
family life is not all smiles and laughter. All families are
different and have problems, but you can make your family life
better with hard work and determination. 1.
Spend time together as a family. Some people are too busy for
family time. You have to set aside time xue to plan and spend special
times together. 2. Make the conversation around ke the table
pleasant and caring; maybe ask each person how their day was or
what is happening wang in their school or work life. Doing household
chores together also helps.
3. Allow members of your family to express their own feelings and
ideas. Maintain eye contact and don ’ t interrupt when someone is
talking. Listen carefully to what they are saying, before you judge
or disagree. Hearing someone else, and being heard by that person,
is the foundation of a good relationship. 4. Try not to be angry at
someone’s opinions. Even if you think that they are wrong, listen
with an open mind to show that you care - and remember that no one
is perfect.
Meet each other’s needs. Give time to each and every one of your
family members. Know what is going on in their lives and what they
need help with. 5. If they need help with something, set aside time to
do so. To be aware of your family members’ emotional and physical
needs, you need to communicate.
A.Listen to their problems.
B.Try applying the following steps.
C.Allow each person to be an individual.
D.So these steps will help you all get on well.
E.Respect your family members’ feelings and ideas.
F.Every day it should be eating at least one meal together.
G.Each family member has his or her own opinions or suggestions.
2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Have you ever had times questioning yourself and feeling
discouraged If you answer yes, what you’ve experienced is negative
self talk. 6. You say to yourself untrue things like, “I’m not good
enough. I’m a disappointment.” These false beliefs stop us in our
tracks. So, how do you stop the negative self talk
7.
Know you’re special. You are “One of a Kind”！ There is no other
person that thinks exactly like you. When you begin to sincerely
believe how special you are, it’s easier to fight the negative self
talk.
Change your associations
Your negative self talk comes from your environment. You didn’t
just accidentally wake up one day thinking of bad things about
yourself. It may be because someone, somewhere in your life has told
you negative things about you and whether you accept it or not, you
believe them. However, if you surround yourself with the right
people, they will build you up, inspire you and make you feel better.
8..
Change your dialogue
Read and say all the wonderful things about yourself at least 5
times per day. Look at yourself in the mirror and say, “ I am
amazing！” 9.， and you’ll believe you are awesome pretty soon.
Of course, there are other things to stop negative self talk. 10.，
but if you are determined to think positively in every situation,
that will bring a positive change in your life.
A.Think the same way
B.Change is not easy
C.Change your position
D.It begins in your brain
E.Change your state of mind
F.You’ll seek out the right people to help change your thoughts
G.You ’ ll start to believe the great things they tell you little by
little
3
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Communication roadblocks are very common. They occur when two
people talk in such a way that neither one feels
understood.11.However, there are several ways to help individuals
overcome roadblocks.
Soften the startup. One of the skills to overcome communication
roadblocks is to begin a conversation by starting with something
positive, expressing appreciation and taking responsibility for
thoughts and feelings.12.For example, ''I want to stay more
involved in making decisions about money'' rather than ''You
never include me in financial decisions. ''
Make and receive repair attempts. Another important skill in
overcoming communication roadblocks is learning to make and
receive repair attempts. They are efforts to prevent an
increasingly negative interaction from going any further.13.This
is important because when conflicts appear, we often experience
stress that can affect our ability to think and reason, which can
lead to communication roadblocks. Taking time away from the
conflict to calm down can help us be more prepared to discuss the
issue.
14.Overcoming communication roadblocks requires each partner
to take turns being the speaker and the listener so that each has a
chance to express themselves effectively. The goal is not to solve a
particular problem, but rather to have a safe and meaningful
discussion and to understand each other's point of view, which may
lead to more effective communication.
Dealing with communication roadblocks can take large amounts of
mental, emotional, and physical energy. But learning and using a
few simple skills can increase positive communication with
others.15.
A.Use effective speaking and listening skills.
B.Deal with roadblocks in communicating with partners.
C.Sometimes we can take a break or make efforts to calm the
situation.
D.They are not good for effective communication and often deepen
the conflicts.
E.The opportunities for personal and relationship growth are well
worth the effort.
F.In addition, starting the message in the first person can promote
positive communication.
G.Recognizing roadblocks and trying to communicate effectively
help positive interactions.
4
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Eating healthy isn’t always easy, but committing to a healthy
diet can be the smartest decision you ever make. Why Not only can
eating well make you look and feel better, it can also save you
money. 16.
Productivity can be increased. Like a car, your brain needs
quality fuel to run efficiently. As one will experience increased
focus shortly after improving their diet with nutritious foods and
supplements, a higher working productivity is usually the outcome.
It benefits finance. If your employer provides health coverage
discounts, count your blessings! You can save a considerable amount
of money through them. 17. By simply switching to a healthier diet
and dropping a few pounds before you apply could significantly
lower your costs.
18. What you eat has an impact on your brain, including the parts
that regulate mood. Maintaining stable blood sugar through regular,
proper nutrition will help you feel better overall on most days.
Foods rich in vitamins and minerals, seeds and fresh vegetables for
instance, are associated with a lower risk of depression, as are
foods rich in omega-3 fats.
You can control your weight better. More than half of the
Americans are overweight or obese, and obesity contributes to 1 in 5
American deaths. Simple healthy choices such as replacing soda with
water, choosing vegetables instead of chips, and ordering a side
salad in place of French fries will not only help you lose weight, it
also can help you save money. 19.
A relatively longer life is expected. The same diseases that make
you feel bad and cost a lot of money may also decrease your life
expectancy. Many studies show a healthier diet relatively leads to a
longer life.
Your body is your temple and you are housed in it, so treat it
nicely to whole nutrient foods that are good for it. 20.
A.A better mood is made possible.
B.It will prevent you from getting sick.
C.In return your body will serve you better.
D.There is no reason not to eat a healthy diet.
E.Here are several top reasons to turn to a healthier diet.
F.Besides, life insurance cost is partly based on how healthy you
are.
G.A normal-weight person can save some $3,000 per year on health
care.
5
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
When stress affects your sleep on a nightly basis, it sets you up
for a terrible insomnia (失眠) that forces you to turn to sleeping
pills.21.
※ Target （把…作为目标）the enemy
“Every night a couple of hours before bed, sit down and make a
list of all the problems you have to deal with,” says Donna Arand,
director of Kettering Hospital Sleep Disorders Center. “ Next to
each item, write a solution or plan.” 22. That way, if thoughts of
your problems arise as you’re trying to sleep, you can tell yourself,
“I’ve got a plan and I’ll work on it tomorrow. “
※ Balance your work and activities
23. But a joint study of 314 workers found that workers with
higher levels of enjoyable activities such as exercise, hobbies, and
social activities, were able not only to come back from workplace
stress better than their always-on-the-job coworkers but also
sleep much better than others.
※ Deal with less
Four of the top ten stressors we experience are related to
money.24. And how should we spend it Given that, doesn’t it make
sense that if we want less and are satisfied with less--smaller
houses, and simpler forms of transportation--our stress levels
will go down
※ Give a nod to a nap （打盹）
It’s doubly unfortunate that stress makes it hard to get to sleep
because, chemically speaking, the antidote （对抗手段）to stress is
sleep. There is a way to deal with it.25. It’s true that one nap of up
to 90 minutes between the hours of 1:00 and 4:00 P.M. during the day,
will make people energetic again.
A.That’s by taking a nap.
B.Here’s how to step back from that state.
C.Now there is some advice on how to keep energetic.
D.When you ‘re ready for bed, put the list by the bedroom door.
E.It was reported recently that on-the-job stress has reached the
worst levels.
F.How can we get it
G.Does stress always interrupt you
6
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the
blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up
lies in resetting your body clock.26.Here’s how to make one.
● 27.In order to make a change, you need to decide why it ’ s
important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your
family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your
day Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or
roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up,
consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to
have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by
setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 28. That ’s a quarter-hour
more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a
timer.
● Keep your sleep/ wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired
out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.
But compensating (补偿) on the weekends actually feeds into your
sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 29.
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your
efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method
for a week, take a look at your record. 30. If not, take another
look at other methods you could try.
A.Get a sleep specialist.
B.Find the night motivation.
C.A better plan for sleep can help.
D.And consider setting a second alarm.
E.If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F.Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G.Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get
coffee.
1
【答案】1.B 2.F 3.E 4.G 5.A
【解析】这是一篇选句填空。在海报和广告中，我们经常看到幸福家庭的照
片，但家庭生活并不总是微笑和笑声。每个家庭都是不同的，都有问题，但
是你可以通过努力和决心让你的家庭生活得更好。文章主要就如何让家庭生
活变得更好提出了一些方法和建议。
1.本句为第一段最后一句，有启示下文的作用，结合后文主要说明了一些让
家庭生活变得更好的方法。故 B 选项“尝试应用以下步骤”符合上下文语境，
故选 B。
2.结合后文 Make the conversation around the table pleasant and
caring; maybe ask each person how their day was or what is
happening wang in their school or work life.可知让餐桌上的谈话愉快
而富有关怀；也许可以问问他们今天过得怎么样，或者在学校或工作中发生
了什么。由此可知，本句是在建议要每天和家人在一起吃饭，让餐桌上的谈
话愉快而富有关怀。故 F 选项“每天至少应该一起吃一顿饭”符合上下文语
境，故选 F。
3. 根 据 后 文 Allow members of your family to express their own
feelings and ideas.可知允许你的家人表达他们自己的感受和想法。由此可
知，本句是在说明要尊重家人的感受和想法。故 E 选项“尊重家人的感受和
想法”符合上下文语境，故选 E。
4.结合后文 Try not to be angry at someone’s opinions. Even if you
think that they are wrong, listen with an open mind to show that you
care - and remember that no one is perfect.可知试着不要对别人的意
见生气。即使你认为他们是错的，也要以开放的心态倾听，表明你在乎他们
——记住，人无完人。由此可知，本句是在说明要允许每个家庭成员都
自己的意见或建议，且不要对别人的意见生气，保持开放的心态倾听。后文
中 opinions 可对应到 G 选项中 opinions or suggestions。故 G 选项“每个
家庭成员都有自己的意见或建议”符合上下文语境，故选 G。
5.根据上文 Know what is going on in their lives and what they need
help with.可知了解他们生活中发生了什么，他们需要什么帮助。以及后文
If they need help with something, set aside time to do so. To be
aware of your family members ’ emotional and physical needs, you
need to communicate.可知如果他们需要帮助，留出时间去做。要了解你的
家庭成员的情感和生理需求，你需要沟通。由此可知，本句是在强调了解了
家庭成员的生活、需要什么帮助后，倾听他们的问题，并及时提供帮助。故
A 选项“倾听他们的问题”符合上下文语境，故选 A。
2
【答案】6.D 7.E 8.G 9.A 10.B
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要介绍了如何停止消极的自我对话。
6.D 空前一句是说如果你的答案是肯定的，那么你所经历的就是消极的自我
对话。空后是说你对自己说一些不真实的情况，由此可推知，D 项“它开始于
你的大脑”衔接上下文，符合语境。故选 D 项。
7.根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。本段内容都是
在描述一个人好的心态的表现，故 E 项“改变你的思想状态”最能概括本段
内容。故选 E 项。
8.根据空前一句“然而，如果你结交了正确的人，他们会让你振作起来，激
励你，让你感觉更好”可知，G 项“你会开始逐渐地相信他们告诉你的美好
的事情”衔接上文，符合语境。故选 G 项。
9.空前一句是说看着镜子中的自己对自己说“我太棒了”，空后是说你很快就
会相信你很棒，由此可知 A 项“用同样的方式思考”符合语境。故选 A 项。
10.上文 Of course, there are other things to stop negative self talk.
说当然，还有其他事情可以阻止消极的自我对话。Of course, there are
other things to stop negative self talk.空后表示“但如果你决心在任何
情况下都积极思考，这将给你的生活带来积极的改变”。其中 but 是表示转
折意义的提示词，故 B 项“改变并不容易”符合语境，衔接下文。故选 B 项。
3
【答案】11.D 12.F 13.C 14.A 15.E
【解析】这是一篇选句填空。文章主要给读者介绍了一些可以帮助克服交
流障碍的小技巧。
11.上文 Communication roadblocks are very common. They occur when
two people talk in such a way that neither one feels understood.(沟
通障碍是很常见的。当两个人以一种互相不理解的方式交谈时，就会发生这
种情况)与 D. They are not good for effective communication and
often deepen the conflicts.(它们不利于有效沟通，而且往往会加深冲突)
承接自然，选项中的 they 就上文提到的 communication roadblocks，故选
D 项。
12.下文 For example, ''I want to stay more involved in making
decisions about money'' rather than ''You never include me in
financial decisions. '' (例如，“我想更多地参与有关金钱的决策”，而
不是“你从来没有让我参与财务的决策”)与 F. In addition, starting the
message in the first person can promote positive communication.(此
外，以第一人称开始信息可以促进积极的沟通)承接自然，下文是对选项所提
到方法的举例说明，故选 F 项。
13.下文 This is important because when conflicts appear, we often
experience stress that can affect our ability to think and reason,
which can lead to communication roadblocks. Taking time away from
the conflict to calm down can help us be more prepared to discuss the
issue.(这一点很重要，因为当冲突出现时，我们经常会感受到压力，这种压
力会影响我们的思考和推理能力，从而导致沟通障碍。从冲突中抽时间冷静
下来，可以帮助我们更有准备地讨论这个问题) 与 C. Sometimes we can
take a break or make efforts to calm the situation.(有时，我们可以休
息一下或努力让局势平静下来。)承接自然，下文的 this 就指代选项中所提
到的内容，此外 calm 是关键词，故选 C 项。
14.根据下文 Overcoming communication roadblocks requires each
partner to take turns being the speaker and the listener so that
each has a chance to express themselves effectively. (克服沟通障碍需
要双方轮流做说话者和倾听者，以便每个人都有机会有效地表达自己)可知，
本段主要讲述要有效利用说话和倾听的技能。A. Use effective speaking
and listening skills.(使用有效的谈话和听话技巧)可以作为本段中心句，
故选 A 项。
15.上文 But learning and using a few simple skills can increase
positive communication with others.(但是，学习和使用一些简单的技巧
可以增加与他人的积极沟通)与 E. The opportunities for personal and
relationship growth are well worth the effort.(这些发展个人和人际
关系的机会是值得你付出努力的)承接自然，因为简单的技巧可以增加与他
人的积极沟通，是发展自己个人和人际关系的机会，值得付出努力。故选 E
项。
4
【答案】16.E 17.F 18.A 19.G 20.C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出保持健康饮食是非常重要、对人非常
有利的，并具体地给出了这样做的一些理由。
16.文章首段点明主题，指出保持健康的饮食是一个聪明的决定，因为它好处
很多。而下文就具体地列出了多项理由，E 选项“这里是应当健康饮食的几
条最重要的理由”承上启下，符合文意。故选 E 项。
17.本段的主题是健康饮食对经济有利，也就是省钱。其中提到了公司的医
疗保险与身体状况挂钩，F 选项“除此之外，人寿保险的成本也和你的健康程
度有一部分关系”道理相同，都是为了引出“健康饮食→身体健康→节约
保险成本”的逻辑关系，符合文意。故选 F 项。
18.本段中描述了饮食会对大脑中情绪管理的部分造成影响，而良好的饮食
习惯可以使人具有良好的情绪，A 选项“更好的情绪让事情变得可能”符合
段落主题，适合作为段首主题句。故选 A 项。
19.本段的主题是健康饮食可以使人更好地管理体重。空白前句指出更好的
饮食习惯不仅能帮助减肥，而且可以省钱，G 选项“一个体重正常的人每年可
以在医疗保健上省下 3000 美元”在句意上紧跟上文内容，符合文意。故选
G 项。
20.最后一段总结了文章主题，提醒读者要健康饮食、善待身体，C 选项“作
为回报，你的身体会更好地服务于你”与前句内容贴合，承接得流畅、自然，
符合文意。故选 C 项。
5
【答案】21.B 22.D 23.E 24.F 25.A
【解析】本文为说明文。作者告诉我们几个对抗因工作压力导致的失眠的
方法。
21.根据When stress affects your sleep on a nightly basis, it sets you
up for a terrible insomnia (失眠) that forces you to turn to sleeping
pills.（当压力影响你每晚的睡眠时，它会让你陷入严重的失眠，迫使你求
助于安眠药）和下文可知，本文讲述了几个摆脱失眠的方法，选项 B. Here’
s how to step back from that state.（以下是如何摆脱这种状态的方法。）
符合语境，故选 B。
22.根据 Every night a couple of hours before bed, sit down and make
a list of all the problems you have to deal with（每天晚上睡觉前的几
个小时，坐下来列出你必须处理的所有问题）和 That way, if thoughts of
your problems arise as you’re trying to sleep, you can tell yourself,
“I’ve got a plan and I’ll work on it tomorrow. “（这样，如果你在试图入
睡时想到问题，你可以告诉自己:“我有一个计划，明天开始做。”）可知，列
一个清单可以让你安睡，选项 D. When you ‘re ready for bed, put the
list by the bedroom door.（当你准备睡觉时，把清单放在卧室门口。）符
合语境，故选 D。
23.根据本段副标题 Balance your work and activities（平衡你的工作和
休息）和下文 But a joint study of 314 workers found that workers with
higher levels of enjoyable activities such as exercise, hobbies, and
social activities, were able not only to come back from workplace
stress better than their always-on-the-job coworkers but also
sleep much better than others（但是一项对 314 名工人的联合研究发现
拥有更多愉快活动(如锻炼、业余爱好和社交活动)的员工不仅能比一直在工
作的同事更好地从工作压力中恢复，而且睡眠也比其他人好。）尤其根据第二
句开头连词“But”可知该句与所给句子在意义上为转折关系，选项 E. It was
reported recently that on-the-job stress has reached the worst
levels. （据报道，最近工作压力已经达到了最严重的程度。）符合语境，故
选 E。
24.根据前一句 Four of the top ten stressors we experience are
related to money（在我们经历的十大压力源中，有四个与金钱有关）和后
一句 And how should we spend it（我们应该怎样花它呢） 可知，选项 F.
How can we get it（我们怎样赚到它呢） 与后一句并列，并且与第一句有
顺承关系，符合语境，故选 F。
25.由本段第一句可知，压力让人难以入睡，因为从化学角度来说，缓解压力
的良药就是睡眠。根据空前一句 There is a way to deal with it.（有一种
处理方法。）可知下文引出本段主题“Give a nod to a nap （打盹）”，因此
选项 A. That’s by taking a nap.（那就是打盹）符合语境，故选 A。
6
【答案】26.C 27.B 28.G 29.F 30.E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制定计划调节生物
钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头痛的事情。
26.空前句意：事实上，早起容易的关键在于你的生物钟。空后句意：这里是
如何制作一个。故这里 C（一个更好的睡眠计划是有帮助的。）符合上下文，
故选 C。
27.本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，早起的目的是什么，也就
是早起的动机是什么。由此推断 B（找到合适的动机。）可以概括本段中心。
故选 B。
28.根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以
节约 15 分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡 15 分钟，文中的 a quarter-hour 和
选项中的 15 minutes 呼应，是信息提示词。故选 G(重新考虑你在咖啡馆排
队 15 分钟买咖啡。)故选 G。
29.根据段落小标题可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，
由此推断 Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the
day.（无论哪天，坚持你设置的睡觉和起床时间。）和本段标题意思相同。故
选 F。
30.下句建议人们如果这样做没作用的话就尝试新的办法，由此推断该空与
If not 对应，提出如果有效果的话如何去做。故选 E（如果你采取的措施有
作用的话，就要坚持。）故选 E。

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