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2024人教版九年级英语上册期中by的用法专题复习练习题
语法精讲
1）在此结构中，by是介词，意为“通过，使用”
2）常用来回答how引导的问句。
---How will you catch up with others in your class ---By studying harder.
（一）易混辨析：
1. by的用法：以..方式、方法，表示传达、传递的方式或媒介+doing
I improve my English by reading a lot.
2. through +抽象n. ,表示方式，方法，“从，凭借，通过”，强调经历了某个过程，具有较强的中介性。（through表示通...方式时,可与by 互换，但 through 后面常+n.)
e.g. He got the job through a friend.
He made progress through efforts.他通过努力取得进步。(经历过程)
hear sth. through sb.通过某人听说某事（中介性）
look through a telescope用望远镜看（目光从一端进，从另一端穿出）
3.in +语言/材料/颜色/衣着/声调
in+语言 in English 用英语 speak in a soft voice /in a loud voice 轻声地/大声地讲
in red 穿红色的衣服
4.with 的用法：表示借助某种具体的手段,工具或身体部位等。
1 ) with +冠词/限定词+工具(cn.) We like to write with a pen/my pen.
2 )with+cn复 We can listen to music with ears.
5.on 的用法：
on +the+电器/媒介/网络 on the radio/on the Internet
（二）by的其他用法
1. by+地点，表示位置，在...旁边
e.g. I’m sitting by the pool and drinking orange juice.
2. by+交通工具，表示交通出行方式，乘,坐...(交通工具) by bus/bike/train
3. by+时间，表示在...之前，不迟于...,截止到...
e.g. Mom told him to come back home by 10:00.
4. by+ doing, 通过某种方式 by writing a letter
5. by+付款方式，用...付款， We can pay it by Wechat.我们可用用微信付款
6. by+百分比，以...的幅度 increase by 10% 增长了10%
7.动词+by, 表示经过，路过 walk/pass by走过、经过
8.被动语态+by+动作的执行者 被...怎么样
9.by表示由...所做 The music by Mozart is famous all over the world.
10．by表示方法，手段，翻译为”根据,凭借，以...” Don’t judge a book by its cover.
（三）by的固定搭配
by the way顺便说一下 by accident/chance 偶然地 by mistake错误地
by the end of截止到...时间 by oneself独自地，亲自地 by hand =hand-made手工地
word by word逐字地 one by one一个接着一个 step by step逐步地
bit by bit=little by little 一点点地 by the time到...为止 drop by顺便拜访
by all means千方百计 by no means绝不是 by turns轮流，依次
by nature 天生地 by sea乘船 / by the sea在海边 by heart牢记，熟记
基础训练
一、单项选择
1．Mary prefers to ________ a bike to school rather than go to school ________ bus.
A．by; take B．take; by C．ride; by D．by; ride
2．________ the end of this week, more than 200 students have taken part in this event.
A．By B．At C．In D．To
3．It’s really hot on summer days, so people like to set up camp ________ the lake.
A．over B．under C．by D．behind
4．Things made ________ hand are usually more expensive than those made in factories.
A．on B．by C．in D．at
5．—________ can we stop the air pollution
—By planting more trees and living a green life.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．How
6．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
二、单词拼写
7．I learn English (通过听磁带).
8．Henry was sitting over there (在窗户旁).
9．Kate likes to travel (乘火车) and enjoy the sights.
10．The trees (沿河) are all very tall.
11．John is afraid to stay at home (他自己).
12．Will the rain stop (在……之前)12:00
三、完成句子
13．里克喜欢在晴朗的下午坐在窗边读书。
Rick likes to sit and read books in the sunny afternoon.
14．安娜向我道歉，因为她错把我的数学书带回家了。
Anna said sorry to me because she took my math book home .
15．罗马不是一天建成的，所以我们应该努力学习，一步一步取得进步。
Rome was not built in a day, so we should study hard and make progress .
16．They take the train to work every day. （改为同义句）
They go to work every day.
17．记着在星期五之前把你的报告准备好。
Remember your report Friday.
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．—________ do you learn English words
—________ making word cards.
A．How, To B．How, By C．What, For D．What, By
2．—Helen, is your new skirt made _______ cotton
—Yes, it is. And it was made _______ hand. My mother made it for me.
A．from; in B．of; by C．from; at D．of; at
3．—What else should I pay attention to ________ energetic
—I think you can get energy ________ enough sleep.
A．to become; by B．to become; through
C．becoming; by D．becoming; through
4．The radio was invented ________ Guglielmo Marconi ________ 1895.
A．with;in B．by;at C．from;on D．by;in
5．________ the money, he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.
A．Spend B．In C．With D．Use
6．The stone is used _________ a table _________ us.
A．as; by B．by; as C．as; as
7．Next week I will go to Mount Emei ________ plane. But my parents would like to go there ________ a train.
A．on; by B．by; on C．by; in D．in; by
8．Roy usually goes to school ________ bus, but today he goes to school ________ his father’s car.
A．by; by B．by; on C．on; in D．by; in
9．I want to send Mary a card. She can________ it in a few days________ post.
A．receive; for B．receives; with C．receive; by D．receives; to
10．—You could call him ________ .
—I don’t want to talk about it ________ the phone.
A．up; in B．up; on C．on; on D．up; by
11．He climbed up the ladder ________ the wall and went into the classroom ________ the open window.
A．through; against B．against; through C．along; by D．by; across
12．—Do you know Huawei Mate 60 pro
—Yes, it’s very nice! We are proud ________ it because it’s made ________ Chinese.
A．in; in B．of; of C．of; by
13． —There are so many books on the shelf. Which one do you like best
—The Old Man and the Sea ________ Hemingway.
A．wrote by B．written by C．written
14．The telephone is ________ the window.
A．with B．in C．by D．to
15．—________ does your father go to work
—He goes to work ________ his car.
A．How; by B．What; on C．How; in D．What; drive
二、完成句子
16．你可以通过多听英文歌曲来提高你的英语成绩。（by）
You can improve your English English songs a lot.
17．通过使用互联网或看游戏类节目来放松是很不错的，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是锻炼。
It is good to relax by or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is .
18．He studies English by working with friends.(对划线部分提问)
_______ ______ he study English
19．The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (对划线部分提问)
was the telephone invented
20．只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识、开阔眼界。
Only by can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
答案解析
基础训练
一、单项选择
1．Mary prefers to ________ a bike to school rather than go to school ________ bus.
A．by; take B．take; by C．ride; by D．by; ride
【答案】C
【详解】句意：Mary宁愿骑自行车去上学，也不愿意乘公共汽车。
考查动词和介词。by通过，后跟交通方式，表示“乘坐……”；take乘坐，后加冠词+交通方式，表示“乘坐……”；ride骑车。ride a bike“骑自行车”；by bus“乘公共汽车”。故选C。
2．________ the end of this week, more than 200 students have taken part in this event.
A．By B．At C．In D．To
【答案】A
【详解】句意：截至本周末，已有200多名学生参加了此次活动。
考查介词辨析。by表示“到……为止”，用于表示时间的截止点；at表示具体的时间点；in表示在一段时间内；to表示方向或目的地。根据“...more than 200 students have taken part in...”可知，此处指到本周末为止，已经有200多名学生参加了此次活动，by the end of“到……为止”。故选A。
3．It’s really hot on summer days, so people like to set up camp ________ the lake.
A．over B．under C．by D．behind
【答案】C
【详解】句意：夏天真的很热，所以人们喜欢在湖边露营。
考查介词。over在……上方；under在……下面；by在……旁边；behind在……后面。根据“set up camp...the lake”可知，是在湖边露营，用介词by。故选C。
4．Things made ________ hand are usually more expensive than those made in factories.
A．on B．by C．in D．at
【答案】B
【详解】句意：手工制作的东西通常比工厂生产的要贵。
考查介词辨析和介词短语。on表示在某物表面上；by表示通过某种方式或手段；in表示在某个空间内；at表示在某个具体地点。根据“Things made... hand”可知，此处指“手工制作的东西”，应使用by hand表示“手工制作”。故选B。
5．—________ can we stop the air pollution
—By planting more trees and living a green life.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．How
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我们怎样才能阻止空气污染？——通过种植更多的树木和过绿色生活。
考查疑问词。When什么时候；Where在哪里；Why为什么；How如何。根据答语“By planting more trees and living a green life.”可知，此处询问的是阻止空气污染的方式，询问方式用how。故选D。
6．Maria is from France. She studies English by ________ English movies.
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watched
【答案】B
【详解】句意：玛丽亚来自法国。她通过看英语电影学习英语。
考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后面跟动名词形式。故选B。
二、单词拼写
7．I learn English (通过听磁带).
【答案】by listening to tapes
【详解】句意：我通过听磁带学习英语。通过“by”，为介词；听“listen to”，为动词短语，位于介词by后用动名词形式；磁带“tape”，为名词，用复数形式表示泛指。故填by；listening；to；tapes。
8．Henry was sitting over there (在窗户旁).
【答案】by the window
【详解】句意：亨利坐在那边靠窗的地方。根据中文提示，by the window“在窗户旁”符合语境，为介词短语。故填by；the；window。
9．Kate likes to travel (乘火车) and enjoy the sights.
【答案】by train
【详解】句意：凯特喜欢乘火旅行，欣赏风景。by train“乘火”。故填by；train。
10．The trees (沿河) are all very tall.
【答案】by the river
【详解】句意：沿河边的树都很高。根据句意及所给汉语提示可知，考查介词by的用法，by作介词时，意思是“靠近；在……旁边”，by the river“沿河边”，在句中作后置定语，表位置，故填by；the；river。
11．John is afraid to stay at home (他自己).
【答案】by himself
【详解】句意：John不敢自己呆在家里。by himself“他自己”。故填by；himself。
12．Will the rain stop (在……之前)12:00
【答案】by/before
【详解】句意：雨会在12点之前停吗？by/before“在……之前”，介词，故填by/before。
三、完成句子
13．里克喜欢在晴朗的下午坐在窗边读书。
Rick likes to sit and read books in the sunny afternoon.
【答案】by the window
【详解】空处表达的是“在窗边”，用介词短语by the window表示。故填by the window。
14．安娜向我道歉，因为她错把我的数学书带回家了。
Anna said sorry to me because she took my math book home .
【答案】by mistake
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“错误地”，英文表达为by mistake，介词短语。故填by；mistake。
15．罗马不是一天建成的，所以我们应该努力学习，一步一步取得进步。
Rome was not built in a day, so we should study hard and make progress .
【答案】step by step
【详解】“一步一步”用英语表达为“step by step”，副词短语。故填step；by；step。
16．They take the train to work every day. （改为同义句）
They go to work every day.
【答案】by train
【详解】句意：他们每天乘火车上班。根据take the train表示“乘火车”，“乘火车”的另一种表达方式是by train，因此在句中可以用“动词+by train ”替换。故填by; train。
17．记着在星期五之前把你的报告准备好。
Remember your report Friday.
【答案】to get ready by
【详解】remember to do sth“记得要做某事”；get sth ready“准备好某物”；by“在……之前”。故填to；get；ready；by。
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．—________ do you learn English words
—________ making word cards.
A．How, To B．How, By C．What, For D．What, By
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你是如何学习英语单词的？——通过制作单词卡片。
考查特殊疑问句及介词辨析。How怎样；What什么；To到；By通过；For为了。根据答句“By making word cards”可知，问句是询问方式，应用how引导特殊疑问句，by表示方法手段。故选B。
2．—Helen, is your new skirt made _______ cotton
—Yes, it is. And it was made _______ hand. My mother made it for me.
A．from; in B．of; by C．from; at D．of; at
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——海伦，你的新裙子是棉制的吗？——是的。而且是手工制作的。是我妈妈给我做的。
考查介词辨析。from来自……；in采用；of由……制成；by通过……方式； at在。第一空根据“…is your new skirt made…cotton ”可知，此处指的是衣服是由棉制成的，用介词of表示；第二空根据“And it was made…hand”可知，此处是指衣服通过手工的方式做成的，用介词by。故选B。
3．—What else should I pay attention to ________ energetic
—I think you can get energy ________ enough sleep.
A．to become; by B．to become; through
C．becoming; by D．becoming; through
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——为了变得精力充沛，我还应该注意什么？ ——我认为你可以通过充足的睡眠来获得能量。
考查动词不定式和介词。become变得；by通过，表示方式和手段等；through通过，表示某种途径或者渠道。根据“What should I attention to”可知，to为介词，其宾语是What else，因此第一个空格应该用动词不定式表示目的。根据“enough sleep”可知，为某种途径，因此选through。故选B。
4．The radio was invented ________ Guglielmo Marconi ________ 1895.
A．with;in B．by;at C．from;on D．by;in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：收音机是由古列尔莫·马可尼于1895年发明的。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起，携带；by被……；from来自……；in用于年、月、季节前；at用于具体时间点前；on用于节日、星期及具体某一天。第一空，空后是发明者，用by表被某人发明；第二空，空后是年份，用in。故选D。
5．________ the money, he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.
A．Spend B．In C．With D．Use
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他用这些钱帮助很多无家可归的人盖房子。
考查词汇辨析。spend花费；in在……里面；with用；use使用。根据“he helped a lot of homeless people build houses.”可知，应是他用这些钱帮忙盖房子，he是主语，与动词use之间是主动关系，前半句在句中作状语，所以应使用现在分词，而不是动词原形，排除D，故选C。
6．The stone is used _________ a table _________ us.
A．as; by B．by; as C．as; as
【答案】A
【详解】句意：石头被我们当做桌子使用。
考查介词用法。as作为，by被。be used as表示“被当作……”，为固定搭配，再根据“is used”可知，本句为一般现在时的被动语态，故第二个空需by“被”。故选A。
7．Next week I will go to Mount Emei ________ plane. But my parents would like to go there ________ a train.
A．on; by B．by; on C．by; in D．in; by
【答案】B
【详解】句意：下周我将乘飞机去峨眉山。但是我的父母想坐火车去那里。
考查介词辨析。on在……上；by通过；in在……里面。by plane表示乘飞机，on a train表示乘火车。故选B。
8．Roy usually goes to school ________ bus, but today he goes to school ________ his father’s car.
A．by; by B．by; on C．on; in D．by; in
【答案】D
【详解】句意：Roy通常坐公交去上学，但是他今天坐他爸爸的车去上学。
考查介词辨析。by通过；on在……上；in在……里。第一空表示“乘坐公交车”，应用介词“by”，by+交通工具，表示出行方式，排除选项C；第二空表示“坐某人的车”，应用介词“in”。故选D。
9．I want to send Mary a card. She can________ it in a few days________ post.
A．receive; for B．receives; with C．receive; by D．receives; to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我想寄给玛丽一张卡片。通过邮寄她可以在几天后收到。
考查情态动词的用法和介词的用法。情态动词can后面跟动词原形，因此receive应该使用动词原形，排除BD；for为了；by通过。通过邮寄的方式，应该使用介词短语by post。故选C。
10．—You could call him ________ .
—I don’t want to talk about it ________ the phone.
A．up; in B．up; on C．on; on D．up; by
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你可以给他打电话。——我不想在电话上谈论这件事。
考查介词的用法。call sb. up“给某人打电话”；on the phone“在电话上，通过电话”。故选B。
11．He climbed up the ladder ________ the wall and went into the classroom ________ the open window.
A．through; against B．against; through C．along; by D．by; across
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他爬上靠墙的梯子，从开着的窗户走进教室。
考查介词词义辨析。through（从内部）穿过；against倚靠；along沿着；by通过；across（强调从某物的表面）穿过。根据第一个空空后的“the wall”可知，此处指他爬上靠墙的梯子，所以应用against；根据第二个空空后的“the open window”可知，此处应用介词through。故选B。
12．—Do you know Huawei Mate 60 pro
—Yes, it’s very nice! We are proud ________ it because it’s made ________ Chinese.
A．in; in B．of; of C．of; by
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道华为吗？——是的，它非常好。我们对它感到骄傲，因为它是中国人制造的。
考查介词。in在，后面加大地点；of……的；by被。第一个空根据“We are proud…it”可知，指的是对它感到骄傲，“对……感到骄傲”为be proud of，所以排除A；第二个空根据“it’s made…Chinese”可知，指的是中国人制造，“被某人制造”为be made by。故选C。
13． —There are so many books on the shelf. Which one do you like best
—The Old Man and the Sea ________ Hemingway.
A．wrote by B．written by C．written
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——书架上有这么多书。你最喜欢哪一本？——海明威写的《老人与海》。
考查非谓语动词和介词。动词write与它所修饰的名词“The Old Man and the Sea”存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词written作定语，且用介词by引出动作“write”的执行者Hemingway。故选B。
14．The telephone is ________ the window.
A．with B．in C．by D．to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：电话在窗边。
考查词义辨析。with和；in在里面；by在……旁；to到。根据“The telephone is...the window.”可知，电话应是在窗边，空处应是by。故选C。
15．—________ does your father go to work
—He goes to work ________ his car.
A．How; by B．What; on C．How; in D．What; drive
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你爸爸怎么去上班？——他开车去上班。
考查特殊疑问句和介词。How怎么；What什么；by通过；on在……上；in在……里面；drive驾驶（动词）。根据“goes to work...car”可知，对出行方式提问用How；第二个空应是in，by car＝in one’s car“坐车”。故选C。
二、完成句子
16．你可以通过多听英文歌曲来提高你的英语成绩。（by）
You can improve your English English songs a lot.
【答案】by listening to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“通过听”，“通过”译为by，介词后接动名词；“听”译为listen to。故填by listening to。
17．通过使用互联网或看游戏类节目来放松是很不错的，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是锻炼。
It is good to relax by or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is .
【答案】using the Internet through exercise
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，use the Internet“使用互联网”，by是介词，其后动词用动名词形式；through“凭借”，介词；exercise“锻炼”，不可数名词。故填using；the；Internet；through；exercise。
18．He studies English by working with friends.(对划线部分提问)
_______ ______ he study English
【答案】How does
【详解】句意：他通过和朋友一起学习英语。划线部分为“by working with friends”是方式，提问方式用“how”，原句是含有实意动词的一般现在时，划线部分提问要添加助动词does，把动词的三单形式改为原形。故填How does。
19．The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bel. (对划线部分提问)
was the telephone invented
【答案】Who by
【详解】句意：亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明了电话。划线部分表示人，提问用疑问词“who”，表达“被谁发明”用“was invented by”。句首首字母大写。故填Who；by。
20．只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识、开阔眼界。
Only by can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons.
【答案】reading widely
【详解】通过中英文句子对照可知，英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“博览群书”，即“广泛地阅读”，英文表达用read widely，read是动词，因此用副词widely修饰；且by为介词，后接动词的-ing形式；故填reading；widely。

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