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必修二 Unit 4 History and Traditions 第一课时教学设计
I.教材内容
本节课主要内容为开篇页（Opening Page）和Video Time的内容。
II.教材分析
本单元开篇页的名人名言是"A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots.",通过类比，形象地阐明了历史起源及其所蕴含文化的重要性。
主题图是流经伦敦的泰晤士河及其岸边的重要建筑群：威斯敏斯特宫(又称英国议会大厦)、大本钟，以及横跨泰晤士河、连接西岸威斯敏斯特和东岸兰伯斯的威斯敏斯特桥，比较集中地体现了英国的历史文化风貌，也可以说是英国历史、地理、人文、建筑艺术等方面的一个缩影。
Video Time板块的主题是“伦敦历史景点介绍”(An introduction to historic London)。该视频全面细致地介绍了伦敦的概况和历史文化景点，从泰晤士河上的威斯敏斯特桥，到议会大厦、大本钟，再到伦敦桥、伦敦塔、威斯敏斯特大教堂，以及圣詹姆士公园、白金汉宫、国家美术馆、特拉法加广场等。
伦敦是英国的首都，也是其政治、经济和文化中心，有着悠久的历史，同时又是国际化大都市。鉴于开篇页和Video Time都是有关伦敦的景点，把这两部分整合在一起，使学生深入了解伦敦，更好地了解英国社会文化及英语语言的文化背景，从而促进后期的英语学习。
III.课时目标
1. 熟悉单元的主题语境，明确单元的主要学习任务；
2. 了解伦敦的景点和历史文化，增强英语背景知识和学习兴趣；
3. 学习掌握有关景点描述的词汇和表达；
4. 学习利用词典来了解词汇和文化背景知识。
IV.教学思路
在学生浏览开篇页之后，教师以"History and Tradition"主题为主线，通过问题链引导学生讨论本单元的主要学习内容，帮助学生熟悉单元学习的主题语境。
在此基础上过渡到伦敦的景点介绍。Video Time涉及不少伦敦景点的名称，视频语速较快，文本很长，生词较多，对学生的理解造成一定困难。因此教师将文本设计为听力填空练习，同时插入一些猜词练习。在观看视频前，带领学生准快速浏览文本，了解涉及的景点，帮助学生准确读出这些名称，然后再进行听力练习和视频观看，帮助学生深入地理解视频内容并学习相关词汇和表达。
V.教学过程
Activity 1:Discuss the Opening Page
What do you know about the building in the picture
What's the title of the unit What do you think will be learned in this unit
Read the quote on the Opening Page. What does it mean
Is it important for a people to know their history and traditions Why "
Can you list some other historic sites in London
设计说明：从主题图入手，自然导入单元话题。最后引出关于Video Time中其他景点的介绍。
Activity 2: Match the place names with the photos
设计说明：激活背景知识，吸引学生兴趣，同时保证学生能准确读出这些景点名称，为后面的听和看做好准备。
Activity 3: Read the script for the gist
What’s the function of the first paragraph
What does Samuel Johnson’s words imply
What sites are mentioned
设计说明：使学生初步了解听力和视频内容，培养阅读理解能力。
Activity 4: Listen without watching
Listen and fill in the blanks.（文本填空设计附后）
Listen again and check the answers.
Pay attention to the underlined words.
Answer: What makes London a great city to walk in
设计说明：帮助学生获取重要的细节信息，降低视频观看难度。
Activity 5: Watch the video
Check the answers to the previous activities.
Finish this exercise.
设计说明：观看视频，使学生对相关景点的文化历史面貌有进一步直观认识，增进理解，激发兴趣。
Activity 6: Focus on the language
Guess the meaning of the underlined words and then look up the exact meaning of the following words in the dictionary.
Find out the expressions to describe a place.
设计说明：培养学生利用上下文猜测词义并快速查阅词典。充分利用资源，挖掘文本素材，在鲜活真实的材料中学习地道的语言表达，也为后面的活动做好铺垫。
Activity 7: Discuss in groups
What historic places in London would you like to visit Why
(Students can refer to the dictionary for more information. Eg
.)
设计说明：深度理解文本，调动学生的主动学习意识，让他们在互相讨论的过程中进行思维的碰撞，训练他们的逻辑思维能力和口头表达能力。
Assignment:
Go over the video script.
Write about you favourite historic site in London.
设计说明：进一步熟悉巩固课堂所学，通过写作来理清思路，提升关于景点的表达能力。
附：文本填空设计
说明：黄色背景划线词是需要填空的内容，无背景划线词为猜词内容，绿色背景词为需要加注释的词，划线句为景点描写语汇。
London is one of the world’s ten great cities and it’s a perfect blending of the past and the present. A city with so many places to visit that you can never find the time to view them all. Samuel Johnson was right when he said that when someone is tired of London, he is tired of life.
Here’s the Westminster Bridge on the River Thames. It’s a great city to walk in as there are no hills to negotiate on foot and the best starting point is near the Parliament Buildings in Westminster Bridge with its views of the Parliament Buildings and Big Ben.
With a population of almost 9 million people, London is Europe’s biggest city, spreading over an area of more than 900 square miles from its core on the River Thames.
The Tower Bridge has long symbolised the city of London to people around the world. It’s the gateway to the capital for ships coming upriver to dock in the port and it is the first bridge over the Thames coming upriver from the east. Ships are not required to wait-The road traffic on the bridge must give way to the traffic on the river.
The Tower of London marks the eastern extent of the old city. It's usually thought of as a place of imprisonment and death but has variously been used though as an armoury（军械库）, royal residence and a repository（贮藏室） of the crown jewels. And not far from the Tower of London is the spectacular King's Cross Station where thousands of people grab subways and trains every day.
And this is Westminster Abbey, founded in the 8th century. Since William the Conqueror onwards, all royal funerals, most coronations, have happened inside Westminster Abbey. Many of the nation’s most famous citizens are honoured here, too.
St James Park. Contrary to many expectations, London is a very green city with sizeable parks right in the centre. St James Park here is the oldest of the royal parks and it's also the smallest and most ornamental（装饰性的）.
Here are the gates of Buckingham Palace, and nearby on Whitehall, the site of a concentration of government buildings. The two guardsmen posted front, on Horse Guards Parade are famously quite unruffled（平静，镇定） by the crowds of tourists.
The hubs of political and royal London - Parliament and Buckingham Palace - are surprisingly not that close together.
And here again is Buckingham Palace. It served as the monarch’s permanent residence since the ascension（就职，登基） of Queen Victoria. The building’s exterior(外部), remodelled in 1913, is, as some critics say, as bland（枯燥，无趣的） as it's possible to be. Buckingham Palace, however, has been open to the public since 1993 for two months of the year. Crowds assemble here around 11: 00 a.m. each day to watch the always-popular Changing of the Guard.
The most important role of the monarchy is to represent the four component parts of the United Kingdom. Those four parts are of course England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
This is the National Gallery, on the north side of Trafalgar Square. It contains one of the world’s great art collections. Here you’ll find a vast range of paintings from Raphael to Botticelli, from Titian to Velazquez, from Goya to Rembrandt, and David to Cezanne and Monet, all here at the National Gallery.
Trafalgar Square. The huge traffic island of Trafalgar Square is dominated by Nelson's Column, a vast pillar （支柱）topped with a statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson. This grand square has been a traditional place for public meetings ever since 1848. Many political marches end here with rallies（集会） and with speakers usually address the crowds from the base of the column. Four huge lions, designed by Victorian painter Landseer, guard the column's base. Two adjacent（相邻的）fountains provide a magnet for overheated sightseers during the summer.
And here is Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament. Also called the Palace of Westminster. These grand buildings stand on the side of the palace that was the seat of the English kings for five centuries. Though they look older, these current buildings were constructed in the mid-1800s after a fire devastated the original palace. It's a mix of Gothic and Elizabethan styles, a mass of pinnacles（尖塔） and tracery（花饰）. The clock tower known around the world, Big Ben, is 320-feet high. Big Ben is of course the name applied to this tower but it is in fact the name of its main bell.
The writer W. U. Weatherby wrote “One goes to London at last as Americans go to New York. To experience the shock of vitality, from so many millions living together and to see the country in a melting pot.”
London is one of the world’s ten great cities and it’s a perfect blending of the past and the present. A city with so many places to visit that you can never find the time to view them all. Samuel Johnson was right when he said that when someone is tired of London, he is tired of life.
Here’s the Westminster Bridge on the River Thames. It’s a great city to walk in as there are no hills to negotiate on foot and the best starting point is near the Parliament Buildings in Westminster Bridge with its views of the Parliament Buildings and Big Ben.
With a population of almost 9 million people, London is Europe’s biggest city, spreading over an area of more than 900 square miles from its core on the River Thames.
The Tower Bridge has long symbolised the city of London to people around the world. It’s the gateway to the capital for ships coming upriver to dock in the port and it is the first bridge over the Thames coming upriver from the east. Ships are not required to wait-The road traffic on the bridge must give way to the traffic on the river.
The Tower of London marks the eastern extent of the old city. It's usually thought of as a place of imprisonment and death but has variously been used though as an armoury（军械库）, royal residence and a repository（贮藏室） of the crown jewels. And not far from the Tower of London is the spectacular King's Cross Station where thousands of people grab subways and trains every day.
And this is Westminster Abbey, founded in the 8th century. Since William the Conqueror onwards, all royal funerals, most coronations, have happened inside Westminster Abbey. Many of the nation’s most famous citizens are honoured here, too.
St James Park. Contrary to many expectations, London is a very green city with sizeable parks right in the centre. St James Park here is the oldest of the royal parks and it's also the smallest and most ornamental（装饰性的）.
Here are the gates of Buckingham Palace, and nearby on Whitehall, the site of a concentration of government buildings. The two guardsmen posted front, on Horse Guards Parade are famously quite unruffled（平静，镇定） by the crowds of tourists.
The hubs of political and royal London - Parliament and Buckingham Palace - are surprisingly not that close together.
And here again is Buckingham Palace. It served as the monarch’s permanent residence since the ascension（就职，登基） of Queen Victoria. The building’s exterior(外部), remodelled in 1913, is, as some critics say, as bland（枯燥，无趣的） as it's possible to be. Buckingham Palace, however, has been open to the public since 1993 for two months of the year. Crowds assemble here around 11: 00 a.m. each day to watch the always-popular Changing of the Guard.
The most important role of the monarchy is to represent the four component parts of the United Kingdom. Those four parts are of course England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
This is the National Gallery, on the north side of Trafalgar Square. It contains one of the world’s great art collections. Here you’ll find a vast range of paintings from Raphael to Botticelli, from Titian to Velazquez, from Goya to Rembrandt, and David to Cezanne and Monet, all here at the National Gallery.
Trafalgar Square. The huge traffic island of Trafalgar Square is dominated by Nelson's Column, a vast pillar （支柱）topped with a statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson. This grand square has been a traditional place for public meetings ever since 1848. Many political marches end here with rallies（集会） and with speakers usually address the crowds from the base of the column. Four huge lions, designed by Victorian painter Landseer, guard the column's base. Two adjacent（相邻的）fountains provide a magnet for overheated sightseers during the summer.
And here is Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament. Also called the Palace of Westminster. These grand buildings stand on the side of the palace that was the seat of the English kings for five centuries. Though they look older, these current buildings were constructed in the mid-1800s after a fire devastated the original palace. It's a mix of Gothic and Elizabethan styles, a mass of pinnacles（尖塔） and tracery（花饰）. The clock tower known around the world, Big Ben, is 320-feet high. Big Ben is of course the name applied to this tower but it is in fact the name of its main bell.
The writer W. U. Weatherby wrote “One goes to London at last as Americans go to New York. To experience the shock of vitality, from so many millions living together and to see the country in a melting pot.”

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