资源简介

25.For what reason was the Friendship Football Field built
A.To attract worldwide tourists.
B.To provide a place for soccer lovers.
C.To inspire locals'love for soccer.
D.To bring Chinese culture into focus.
26.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.How popular football is in Benin.
B.How the new football field was built.
C.What Benin Village Super League is like.
D.Why Chinese village league model was introduced.
27.What does Yves Koba think of the Village Super League in Benin
A.It brings in huge money.
B.It promotes cross-cultural exchanges.
C.It forms a new tradition.
D.It strengthens friendship among villages.
C
Every year,travelers head to South America to be amazed at the vast glaciers,huge open
skies and high mountains.But at Omora Ethnobotanical Park on Tierra del Fuego,visitors are
encouraged to think small.
Tierra del Fuego,a remote island at the tip of
South America,might offer little in terms of animals
and trees,but when it comes to bryophytes(苔藓植
)it is among the richest corners of the planet.In
the area that covers less than 0.01%of the Earth's
land surface,more than 5%of the world's
bryophyte species is found..
.
On entering the park,you're given a magnifying lens ()Guided by plant experts,you
are invited to get down on your hands and knees to explore the little-known world of Tierra del
Fuego's"miniature forests"-the bryophytes that cover the rocks and trees.Focus is key:as
you tiptoe through the park,it is easy to miss or even step on them.
I wondered how interesting mosses could be.But when I got up close,they started to come
to life.Shapes and colours appeared that were not visible to the naked eye.One plant was bright
yellow,while another was green with a bright red tip like a little hat.
One of the strangest plants is Old Man's Beard,which looks like thin noodles and hangs off
the trees in webs.According to my guide Lily Lewis,it plays an important role in the growth of
the forest,capturing nutrients()and salts blown in on the ocean wind.
Old Man's Beard is extremely yulnerable to pollution,and has all but disappeared across
much of the planet.But in Tierra del Fuego,where the air and rain are among the cleanest on the
planet,it grows wildly.
"The hand lens is your entry point into the world of the miniature forests,"Lewis said.
"Looking through a lens reminds you that there are other viewpoints from which we can see the
world,”
高二英语试题第5而（共10而）高二英语参考答案以及解析
第一部分 听力（每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1~5 BCBCC 6~10 CABAA 11~15 CCBAA 16~20 ABBBB
第二部分 阅读（每小题2.5分，满分50分）
21~25 DBAAB 26~30 DDACA 31~35 CCBBC 36~40 DEFGA
语言运用（35分）
第一节 完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分）
41~45 DCAAB 46~50 BDCBA
第二节 短文填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）
combination 52. was performed 53. from 54. used 55. which
their 57. moving 58. the 59. have been exploring 60. breathing
第三节 单词拼写
61. merely 62. concludes 63. appreciative 64. gently 65. extinction
第四部分 写作（满分35）
第一节：应用文（满分15分）
评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于80，从总分中减去2分。
（二）评分标准
1. 要点齐全。注意“克服的困难”可包括团队组建、志愿活动策划和开展等内容。
2. 逻辑合理。“个人的感受”与“克服的困难”应合理关联。若感受为套话、空话，最高不超过15分。
档次 描述
五档 21-25 紧扣主题，内容充实，语法结构多样，词汇丰富，行文流畅，显示出较强的语言运用能力，允许有个别语言错误，但不影响意思表达。
四档 16-20 紧扣主题，内容较充实，行文较流畅。语言有少许错误，但基本不影响意思表达。
三档 11-15 紧扣主题，语言错误已经影响到部分意思的表达，但多数句子基本正确，基本能够达到预期的写作目的。
二档 6-10 语言错误较多，尚能够写出与内容相关的可读句子。
一档 1-5 只能写出与内容相关的词语，只能看到与主题相关的只言片语拼凑起来的支离破碎的语言，完全没有句子的架构能力，基本没有有意义的句子表达。
0 不能传达给读者任何信息；抄写其他的文章，或只能写出与作文无关的内容。
范例1：
Last week, we set up a volunteer group, aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and social skills through arts, music therapy, and simple games.
One major challenge we faced was recruiting members who were both devoted and available. Many students were interested, but they had conflicting schedules. To resolve this, we held online meetings and reached out to more members. Another challenge was learning how to interact effectively with autistic children. Luckily, we received some special training from local experts.
This journey taught me patience, empathy, and the value of community service. It also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership, which involve listening, supporting, and sometimes stepping back to let others take the lead.
In short, it has been a rewarding experience filled with challenges and growth.
范例2：
Last week, we set up a volunteer group, aimed at helping the elderly in a nursing home. Understanding their true needs was not an easy task. To gain insights, we consulted our grandparents and conducted a questionnaire survey with the staff. Based on this information, we designed a series of activities, including cooking meals together, engaging in conversations, and reading books. These interactive activities made the elderly feel valued and involved, resulting in greater happiness and satisfaction.
While providing help is important, getting them actively involved fosters a greater sense of self-identification, leading to even better outcomes. This experience was quite insightful for our team.
第二节（满分25分）
各档次的给分范围和要求
档次 描述
五档 21-25 1. 创造了丰富合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高。 2. 使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解。 3. 有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯。
四档 16-20 创造了比较丰富合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文融洽度较高。 使用了比较恰当并且有效的词汇和语法结构，有些许语法错误，但不影响理解。 使用了比较有效的语句间的连接，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
三档 11-15 1. 创造了基本合理的内容，基本具有逻辑性，续写内容基本完整，与原文情境基本一致。 2. 使用了基本恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有一些语法错误，但基本不影响理解。 3. 基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
二档 6-10 内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节。 所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，影响理解 。 未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。
一档 1-5 内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文内容基本脱节。 所使用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误很多，严重影响理解。 几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
0 未做答，所写内容太少或者无法看清以致无法评判，所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求不相关。
【答案】范例1：
The gate squeaked open. “Mai! Be careful!” Mr. Groll’s startled voice steadied Mai’s courage while his hand steadied her elbow. “You... you can please solve my mystery,” Mai stammered. Then she took a deep breath.“It isn’t because I’m blind that you don’t like me. Or because I am a girl from Vietnam.” Mai sighed. “ It’s Chó who scares you when we walk by. That’s why you are shaking even now.” Mr. Groll’s large voice shrank. “I like you, Mai. And Chó, too. But up close, Chó scares my words away.” His breath sounded thin as a worn-out blanket. “A German shepherd is a very big dog,” he said in a voice that told Mai he thought Mai would laugh at him.
But being scared of dogs wasn’t funny. Mai told Mr. Groll, “Your fear of Chó may be big, but friendship is bigger. We will e with me.” Mai then heard a smile in Mr. Groll’s voice. “OK”, he said, “I trust you, my friend.” “Friend! He called me. We are friends!”, hearing that, excitement flooded Mai. She led him back to Chó, and told Mr. Groll how gentle Chó was. Then she took Mr. Groll’s hand in hers and guided it to Chó’s head. Hesitantly, Mr. Groll petted Chó’s ears. Friendly Chó — good Chó — thumped her tail. And the mystery was solved; their new friendship began.
范例2：
The gate squeaked open. “Mai! Be careful!” Mai froze for a moment, realizing that Mr. Groll was genuinely concerned about her safety. Mai smiled, realizing that her assumptions were incorrect. It wasn’t about disability, nationality, or gender. There must be more to his silence than unfriendliness. The Mai asked hopefully, “Mr. Groll, you never respond to me. But it doesn’t mean you dislike me, right ” “Of course not!” Mr. Groll began to share his own struggles. “You see, I’ve always been scared of dogs. It’s a childhood fear that stuck with me,” he admitted, in a shy voice.
But being scared of dogs wasn’t funny. Mai wanted to help him overcome his fear. “Chó is a gentle and friendly e along. I’d like to introduce you to her.” Mai said to Mr. Groll. After a moment of hesitation, Mr. Groll agreed and walked towards Chó, carrying Mai by the arm. As they approached, Chó thumped his tail against the ground. Mr. Groll sounded out of breath. Mai held Chó by the harness on his back, “Chó won’t hurt you!” Then came a sigh of relief. Mai smiled and invited Mr. Groll to pet Chó. “Maybe next time.” They laughed loud and friendly Chó thumped his tail.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述Mai每次和德国牧羊犬Chó经过邻居Groll先生院子的篱笆时，Mai和Groll先生打招呼，他都不理睬Mai。Mai以为他不喜欢女孩或者不喜欢远处来的人。但事实证明不是这样，Groll先生不和Mai打招呼的真相是Groll害怕狗。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“大门吱吱地开了。“Mai！小心！””可知，第一段可描写Groll先生不和Mai打招呼的真相。
②由第二段首句内容“但是怕狗一点也不好笑。”可知，第二段可描写Mai帮Groll先生克服对狗的恐惧。
2. 续写线索：Mai请求Groll先生解开谜团——Mai说出自己的想法——Groll先生承认自己害怕——Mai答应帮助Groll先生——Mai告诉Groll先生Chó很温柔——Groll先生不再害怕Chó——新友谊开始
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①解决：solve/settle
②帮助：help/assist
③抚摸：pet/touch
情绪类
①恐惧：fear/terror
②兴奋：excitement/thrill
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s Chó who scares you when we walk by. (运用了强调句和when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】That’s why you are shaking even now. (运用了由why引导的表语从句)
详细解析
附：听力原文
Text 1
W: Marco and I want to do something to help the flood victims.
M: What are you going to do
W: We’re going to do a charity walk tomorrow.
Text 2
W: Our telephone bill goes very high this month.
M: How much is it I’ve made several calls to the USA.
W: No wonder the international phone call costs about 100 dollars and the domestic call costs just thirty dollars.
Text 3
M: That’s the fire alarm. Everybody needs to get out of the office.
W: It’s a false alarm. The fan has set off the alarm again.
M: You could be right but safety must come first. Please leave the building.
Text 4
W: San Francisco General Hospital.
M: Hello. This is an emergency. Can you please send an ambulance
W: OK, OK. Just try to calm down, sir. And tell me where you are.
M: Right. Uh, we are at La Traviata Restaurant in North Beach.
Text 5
W: So, it says here that you did some volunteer work to raise money for a homeless charity during the summer.
M: That’s right. I originally took the job because I needed some work experience for college, but helping other people really made me realize how lucky I am.
Text 6
W: So, where exactly is the pain
M: Here, at the back of my knee.
W: And how long has this been going on
M: About one week No. Let me think… Well, the race was on the 5th of June, so it’s been exactly two weeks.
W: Okay. What have you done for the pain
M: Well, my coach told me to rest it, so I have. And I’ve taken some pain medicine my friend recommended.
W: Well, you’re doing all the right things.
Text 7
M: Have you met Jim yet
W: Yes, I spent a few hours with him this morning. I was teaching him to use the company software.
M: Lucky him! He must have a lot of questions to ask since he’s new here.
W: Indeed. And he picked it up pretty quickly, though.
M: What’s he like Is he outgoing
W: No, but I can say he must be pretty clever. He has an engineering degree from Cambridge University!
M: Really How did he end up as a lawyer if he studied to be an engineer
W: He changed his mind, I guess.
M: Well, good for him! I’ve actually got a meeting with him after lunch. Do you want to walk to the café
W: Sounds good.
Text 8
W: I hoped to do a master’s degree after graduation, but I’m not sure if my parents will let me.
M: Really
W: My mom thinks it’s a good idea. But my dad wants me to start work straight away, like my brother did.
M: Why
W: He just doesn’t think it’s worth spending another two years studying rather than earning money.
M: You want to teach, right Isn’t a master’s degree necessary for that
W: Well, not if I want a job at a junior or senior school. But I’ve always wanted to be a university lecturer. I need a master’s for that.
M: Well, then you can’t give up on your dream!
W: So what should I do
M: Sit down with your father and list all the reasons why getting a master’s degree is the best choice for your future. I’m sure he’ll support you after that.
W: You’re right. I have to try!
Text 9
M: Hey, Julie. Did I see you in the travel agency yesterday
W: The one on High Street Yes, I was booking a holiday there.
M: Don’t you just book them online
W: No. My sister, Amelia, works as a travel agent, so I like to give her business if I can.
M: That’s nice of you. So where are you going
W: I’m going to Thailand for 10 days.
M: I’ve always wanted to go there. The beaches look so perfect.
W: I know. Our hotel is right next to a beach. The water is so clear. I’m going to swim in the ocean every day.
M: Are you traveling alone
W: No, my husband will go with me this time. You know I need someone to be with me when I take a plane.
M: Ah, I see, you have a fear of flying.
W: The flight takes nearly 8 hours, so I hope it’s worth it.
M: It will be. Don’t worry. I’ll look after your cats while you’re gone.
W: That’s very kind of you, Paul. Cheers.
M: As long as you bring me a gift.
W: Ha-ha…Of course, I’ll remember that.
Text 10
Okay, class…settle down, please! I know you’re excited to be back at school after your long summer holiday. I hope you all had a nice rest and are now ready to work hard! As usual, this afternoon, we’ll be doing math and spelling. Hopefully, you’ve all been practicing over the holidays! But this morning, I’d like to introduce our new science topic for the fall term, which is “The Deep Blue Sea”. We’ll be learning about life under the sea and talking about sea pollution. And on December 23rd, we’ll be taking a class trip to the Sea Life Center to visit some real sea animals! The trip will cost 10.00 per student. I will give you all a letter at the end of the day. Your parents will need to sign it and return it to me by the end of next week, which is September 20th. Okay! So, let’s start with a few interesting facts. Although oceans cover almost three quarters of planet Earth, we humans have only explored 5% of them! So, there’s still a lot to discover.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了马在许多著名艺术家的心中一直占有特殊的地位，文章重点介绍了一些著名艺术家最著名的马画。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chinese Horse at Lascaux Cave中“Early artists created their own paintbrushes from animal skin and hair and also employed a spray (喷洒) painting technique using a hollow (空心的) reed to blow pigment through.”（早期的艺术家们用动物的皮肤和毛发制作了他们自己的画笔，也采用了一种用中空芦苇吹颜料的喷洒绘画技术。）可知，中国马画使用了一种喷洒的方法。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Horse Frightened by Lightning中“The symbolism found in most Romantic horse paintings includes themes of passion, power, nobility, and intense emotion.”（在大多数浪漫主义的马画中发现的象征主义包括激情、权力、高贵和强烈的情感。）可知，浪漫主义马画中常见的主题是强烈的情感。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Horses have always held a special place in the hearts of many famous artists. Let’s explore some of the most well-known paintings of horses by famous artists.”（马在许多著名艺术家的心中一直占有特殊的地位。让我们来探索一些著名艺术家最著名的马画。）可知，文章主要讲的是一些著名艺术家最著名的马画。由此可推知，这篇文章可能出自一篇艺术杂志文章。故选A项。
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国援助下，贝宁的一个村庄如何通过足球联赛加强社区凝聚力和文化交流的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“While West Africa’s Benin approaches its rainy season, occasional showers and sticky hot weather have done little to lessen the enthusiasm of local villagers who gathered to watch the first Benin Village Super League.(虽然西非的贝宁即将进入雨季，但偶尔的阵雨和闷热的天气丝毫没有影响聚集在一起观看第一届贝宁乡村超级联赛的当地村民的热情)”可知，第一届乡村联赛让帕拉库的村民感到兴奋。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“ “Locals love soccer and I wanted to bring this model here and set up a similar league,” said Shou Xiaoyong, head of the Chinese technical team.(“当地人热爱足球，我想把这种模式带到这里，建立一个类似的联赛，”中国技术团队负责人首晓勇说)”和第四段“Named the Friendship Football Field, the new facility was opened in March last year. It quickly became the preferred place for soccer among villagers in Belle Cite and nearby areas, hosting regular matches, especially during agricultural downtimes.(这个名为“友谊足球场”的新设施于去年3月投入使用。它很快成为Belle Cite及附近地区村民的首选足球场地，定期举办比赛，特别是在农闲时节。)”可知，建友谊足球场的目的是为足球爱好者提供一个场所。故选B项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容“Last summer, videos of some soccer matches in Rongjiang county, Southwest China’s Guizhou province, went popular and attracted worldwide tourists. Inspired by this, the Village Super League in Parakou includes cultural performances during halftime, featuring Chinese martial arts and Beninese dance. “Locals love soccer and I wanted to bring this model here and set up a similar league,” said Shou Xiaoyong, head of the Chinese technical team.(去年夏天，中国西南部贵州省榕江县的一些足球比赛视频变得非常流行，并吸引了来自世界各地的游客。受到这一点的启发，帕拉库的乡村超级联赛在中场休息时加入了文化表演，其中包括中国的武术和贝宁的传统舞蹈。“当地人热爱足球，我想把这种模式带到这里，建立一个类似的联赛，”中国技术团队负责人首晓勇说)”可知，第三段主要是说为什么要引进中国乡村联赛模式。故选D项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Yves Koba, the head of Belle Cite Village, praised the Village Super League for promoting ( 促进 ) communication and friendship among villages. “The league has made us more united. I hope it continues and that our villagers achieve even better results next year.”(Belle Cite村村长伊夫·科巴称赞乡村超级联赛促进了村庄之间的交流和友谊。“联赛让我们更加团结。我希望它能继续下去，我们的村民明年能取得更好的成绩。”)”可知，科巴认为联赛加强了村庄之间的友谊。故选D项。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火地岛的奥莫拉民族植物公园里的苔藓植物组成了一个微型森林世界。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Tierra del Fuego, a remote island at the tip of South America, might offer little in terms of animals and trees, but when it comes to bryophytes (苔藓植物), it is among the richest corners of the planet. In the area that covers less than 0.01% of the Earth’s land surface, more than 5% of the world’s bryophyte species is found.(火地岛是南美洲的一个偏远岛屿，在动物和树木方面可能很少，但说到苔藓植物，它是地球上最丰富的角落之一。在地球陆地面积不到0.01%的地区，发现了世界上超过5%的苔藓植物物种)”可知，火地岛虽小，但拥有世界上超过5%的苔藓植物物种，“火地岛是小植物的仙境”适合做标题。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Focus is key: as you tiptoe through the park, it is easy to miss or even step on them.(集中注意力是关键：当你蹑手蹑脚地穿过公园时，很容易错过甚至踩到它们)”可知，在探索奥莫拉民族植物公园时，冷静和专注是最重要的。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“But in Tierra del Fuego, where the air and rain are among the cleanest on the planet, it grows wildly.(但在火地岛，那里的空气和雨水是地球上最干净的，它疯狂地生长)”以及划线词句“Old Man’s Beard is extremely vulnerable to pollution, and has all but disappeared across much of the planet.(Old Man’s Beard对污染极其vulnerable，几乎在地球的大部分地区都消失了)”可知，火地岛环境非常好，Old Man’s Beard在火地岛生长得很好，说明对污染很敏感，在地球上的大部分地区几乎都消失了。故划线词意思是“敏感的”。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“On entering the park, you’re given a magnifying lens (放大镜). Guided by plant experts, you are invited to get down on your hands and knees to explore the little-known world of Tierra del Fuego’s “miniature forests” — the bryophytes that cover the rocks and trees.(一进入公园，你就会得到一个放大镜。在植物专家的指导下，您将被邀请跪下来探索火地岛鲜为人知的“微型森林”世界——覆盖在岩石和树木上的苔藓植物)”结合文章主要介绍了火地岛的奥莫拉民族植物公园里的苔藓植物组成了一个微型森林世界。可知，C选项“世界之巅的小森林”最符合文章标题。故选C。
A. To stress the need of global cooperation.
B. To call on people to use renewable energy.
C. To urge policy makers to take immediate action.
D. To show their determination to stop global warming.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了全球变暖的发展趋势和即将产生的危害，并敦促决策者要立即采取行动加以应对。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Once the planet warms an additional 2℃, scientists predict a range of disastrous effects, from widespread flooding in coastal areas to burning heat waves and extreme storms.”(科学家们预测，一旦地球温度再升高2摄氏度，就会产生一系列灾难性的影响，从沿海地区的大范围洪水到燃烧的热浪和极端风暴。)可知，一旦地球温度再升高2℃，就很可能无法避免地发生自然灾害。故选C。
【33题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“One important area that could slow the movement toward a point of no return in 2035 is the changing from fossil fuels(矿物燃料) to renewable energy sources.”(一个可能会减缓2035年走向不可逆转的临界点的重要领域，是从化石燃料到可再生能源的转变。)和划线词所在句“But even this will require significant progress.”(但甚至这样也需要取得重大进展。)可知，“this”指的是上句所提到的“the changing from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources(从化石燃料到可再生能源的转变)”，即the shift from fossil fuels to renewables(从化石燃料到可再生能源的转变)。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“If the use of renewable energy were to go beyond the scientists’ model, say by 5 percent per each year, the climate change deadline (最后期限) could move back by at least a decade, the researchers note. Also, developing technology to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere could help slow climate change.”(研究人员指出，如果可再生能源的使用超过科学家的范例，比如每年增加5%，那么气候变化的最后期限可能会推迟至少十年。此外，开发从大气中去除温室气体的技术也有助于减缓气候变化。)可知，该段主要讲述了可能减缓气候变化的解决方案。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段研究者Henk Dijkstra的话“We hope that ‘having a deadline’ may stimulate the sense of urgency to act for policy makers,”(我们希望“设定最后期限”可能会激发决策者采取行动的紧迫感)可知，研究者们设定最后期限是为了敦促决策者立即采取行动。故选C。
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. F 39. G 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了为什么人类喜欢购物以及如何改掉购物的习惯。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Recently a new book has given me new insights (最近一本新书给了我新的见解)”以及后文“It’s the way our brains have evolved (进化).(这是我们大脑进化的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，说明具体的见解内容。 故D选项“我想不停地买东西并不一定是个人的错”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Today, we have billions of action cells in the brain. They are always forming connections to strengthen rewarding behavior.(今天，我们的大脑中有数十亿的活动细胞。它们总是形成联系来加强奖励行为)”以及后文“We seek out those releases in dopamine, and at the same time repeat the actions that lead to them.(我们寻找多巴胺的释放，同时重复导致它们的行为)”可知，本句承接上文，说明细胞形成联系加强奖励行为会释放多巴胺。故E选项“在这个过程中，多巴胺被释放，帮助我们学习如何获得奖励”符合语境，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Maybe you weren’t even thinking about buying watercolor paints. Then something reminded that you like painting, and you searched online and found they were less expensive than you expected. When they arrived on your doorstep, they were better than you thought. Your brain will be drawn to repeat the behavior that got you something unexpected and good.(也许你根本没想过买水彩颜料。然后有什么东西提醒你喜欢画画，你在网上搜索，发现它们比你想象的要便宜。当它们来到你家门口时，它们比你想象的要好。你的大脑会被吸引去重复那些给你带来意想不到的好东西的行为)”可知，本段主要分析了喜欢购物是因为可以带来良好的感觉。故F选项“与意外奖励相关的良好感觉是我们喜欢购物的部分原因”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据后文“Imagine you’ve formed a habit of eating chocolate before bed for comfort, even though you know you don’t need the calories. You can try having milk with cocoa powder as a healthier replacement, which provides similar comfort. Once you start losing weight, the reward of being able to fit into your old clothes will feel as good as the chocolate once does.(想象一下，你已经养成了睡前吃巧克力的习惯，即使你知道你不需要卡路里。你可以尝试用可可粉代替牛奶，这更健康，也能提供同样的舒适感。一旦你开始减肥，能够穿上旧衣服的奖励就像巧克力曾经给你的感觉一样好)”可知，本段给出的建议是通过新的奖励来代替旧的不好的奖励。故G选项“一个更好的解决办法可能是用新的奖励取代旧的、长期有害的奖励”符合语境，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据后文“Buying used items satisfies our desire to acquire. It gives us the same good feeling of an unexpected reward without consuming more resources.(购买二手物品满足了我们的获得欲望。它让我们在不消耗更多资源的情况下获得意想不到的奖励)”可知，后文提到了购买二手物品来代替购物，故A选项“我们需要同样替代的品来购物”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
完型
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. B 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了大二学生Gitanjali Rao用自己的发明解决社会问题的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在她短暂的一生中，她运用科学创造力解决了许多现实问题。A. meet with遇见；B. focus on集中注意力于；C. learn from从……中学习；D. deal with处理，解决。结合空后“many real-world problems”以及下文“address big social problems”可知，Gitanjali Rao用创意解决现实问题，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从Gitanjali上三年级以来，她就试图用自己的才能解决重大的社会问题。A. projects项目，工程；B. teams团队；C. talents才能，天赋；D. plans计划。根据上文“she has used scientific creativity”可知，她用科学创意解决问题，即自己的才能，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她了解到铅污染的水，以及它对儿童健康的可怕影响。A. health健康；B. education教育；C. creativity创造力；D. behavior行为。根据上文“she learned about lead-polluted water”可知，她了解到铅污染的水，应是对儿童的健康产生影响，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过大量的研究，她设法设计了一种可以附着在手机上的设备，可以立即识别水中的铅。A. lead铅；B. drugs药物，毒品；C. microplastic微塑料；D. minerals矿物质。根据上文“lead-polluted water”可知，她是要解决铅污染的问题，故她发明的设备可以检测水中的铅，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Gitanjali对解决现实问题的热爱并没有就此结束。A. lie平躺，撒谎；B. end结束；C. work工作；D. reach到达。结合下文“Since then, she has also invented an app to help prevent cyberbullying.”可知，她对解决现实问题的热爱并没有就此结束，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：基于她的经验，Gitanjali希望激励其他人使用科学技术来解决大问题。A. teach教；B. inspire鼓舞，激励；C. advise建议；D. remind提醒。根据下文“inspiring others to do the same as well”可知，她希望激励其他人使用科学技术来解决大问题，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看起来不像典型的科学家。A. successful成功的；B. serious严肃的；C. modern现代的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“Everything I see on TV is that it’s usually an older man as a scientist”可知，科学家通常是年纪较大的人，Gitanjali是一名大二的学生，故看起来不像典型的科学家，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标已经从创造自己的设备来解决问题转变为激励其他人也这样做。A. fixing修理；B. testing测试；C. creating创造；D. using使用。根据上文内容以及文章首句中“an inventor”可知，Gitanjali是一名发明家，故发明、创造设备来解决问题，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为，从我个人的经验来看，当你看不到和你一样的人时，这并不容易。A. fun有趣的；B. easy容易的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“inspiring others to do the same as well”以及空后“when you don’t see anyone else like you”可知，Gitanjali想要激励其他人也这样做，说明只靠个人发明来解决问题很困难，所以她希望有更多人和她一样，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我真的很想传达这样的信息：“如果我能做到，你也能做到，任何人都能做到。”A. message信息；B. challenge挑战；C. theory理论；D. summary总结。根据“If I can do it, you can do it, and anyone can do it.”可知，Gitanjali想要向大家传递这样的信息：如果我能做到，你也能做到，任何人都能做到。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【解析】
【导语】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要介绍了中国皮影戏这一古老艺术形式历史、制作过程、表演方式以及当前面临的挑战和保护措施。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：一般来说，皮影戏是涉及绘画、雕刻、音乐、戏剧表演和讲故事的各种艺术形式的结合。空处用名词combination“结合”作表语，结合空前的a可知，用单数形式，作表语。故填combination。
【52题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：当时，它几乎在每个省份和各种庆祝活动中表演，包括婚礼和节日庆典。根据时间状语At that time可知，句子时态用一般过去时，主语it和动词perform“表演”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was performed。
【53题详解】
考查介词。句意：当时，它几乎在每个省份和各种庆祝活动中表演，包括婚礼和节日庆典。根据句意和句子结构，空处应填介词from，range from...to...表示“范围从……到……”。故填from。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：制作用于表演的木偶并不是一件容易的事。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且puppets与use“使用”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰名词puppets。故填used。
【55题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数皮影戏木偶是用皮革制成的，这些皮革必须经过精心挑选，并在雕刻木偶之前反复打磨和加工。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是leathers，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：在表演过程中，表演者用连接在他们最重要关节上的棍子拿着木偶，这样木偶就可以在屏幕上作为“移动的图像”显示出来。空处应用形容词性物主代词their，修饰most important joints。故填their。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在表演过程中，表演者用连接在他们最重要关节上的棍子拿着木偶，这样木偶就可以在屏幕上作为“移动的图像”显示出来。空处应用形容词moving“移动的”，修饰名词images，作前置定语。故填moving。
58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着各种娱乐形式的兴起，皮影戏逐渐失去了光彩。空处应填定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，中国各地的当地艺术家正在探索帮助它生存的方法。explore“探索”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，句子时态应用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，又因主语artists是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have been exploring。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2011年，中国皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织的非物质文化遗产名录，从而为这一古老的艺术形式注入了新的活力。breathe new life into“给……注入新的活力”。本句谓语为was added to，此处为非谓语动词，空处应用breathe的现在分词，作结果状语。故填breathing。
第四部分
【答案】范文
Last week, we set up a volunteer group, aimed at helping autistic children with their daily activities and social skills through arts, music therapy, and simple games.
One major challenge we faced was recruiting members who were both devoted and available. Many students were interested, but they had conflicting schedules. To resolve this, we held online meetings and reached out to more members. Another challenge was learning how to interact effectively with autistic children. Luckily, we received some special training from local experts.
This journey taught me patience, empathy, and the value of community service. It also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership, which involve listening, supporting, and sometimes stepping back to let others take the lead.
In short, it has been a rewarding experience filled with challenges and growth.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周你组建某志愿团队，并成功开展相关志愿活动，要求考生在英语课上分享这次经历。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：resolve→deal with
举行：hold→host
有益的：rewarding→beneficial
总之：in short→all in all
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Many students were interested, but they had conflicting schedules.
拓展句：Although many students were interested, they had conflicting schedules.
【点睛】[高分句型1] One major challenge we faced was recruiting members who were both devoted and available. (运用了who引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] It also deepened my understanding of teamwork and leadership, which involve listening, supporting, and sometimes stepping back to let others take the lead. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)

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