资源简介

单元语法精讲——构词法(I)
合成词：在英语中有很多单词是通过合成的方法构成的，即：把两个（或更多）独立的单词合在一起构成一个新词，用这种方式构成的单词叫合成词。常见合成词有合成名词、合成动词、合成形容词等几种类型。
合成词的类型
一、合成名词
合成名词常见的几种基本构成：
1．名词+名词 如：football足球
2．形容词+名词 如：greenhouse温室
3．名词+动名词 如：horse-riding骑马
4．动词+名词 如：playground操场
5．动词+副词 如：get-together聚会
6．副词+名词 如：income收入
7．介词+名词 如：afternoon卞午
二、合成形容词
合成形容词常见的几种基本构成：
1．名词+形容词 如：world-famous世界闻名的
2．形容词+形容词 如：light-green浅绿色的
3．名词+现在分词 如：peace-loving热爱和平的
4．名词+过去分词 如：man-made人造的
5．形容词+现在分词 如：good -looking好看的，easy-going随和的
6．形容词+过去分词，这里的过去分词大多是名词加-ed构成的假分词。如：new - born刚出生的，simple-minded头脑简单的
7．数词+名词（+形容词）如：four-hour四小时的，8000-mile-long八千英里长的
8．副词+现在分词如：outgoing外向的
9．副词+过去分词如：well-known著名的
10．其他词类或结构转化而来合成形容词如：once-a-week每周一次的
三、合成动词
合成动词常见的几种基本构成：
1．名词+动词如：water- cool用水冷却
2．形容词+动词如：quick-charge快速充电
3．副词+动词如：overcome克服，战胜
合成名词的意义
1．完全是两部分意义的复合。如：weekend：week周；end末尾。合成为周末。
2．与原义相关，但有差别，这种词在翻译时要注意不要望文生义。如：underwear：under下面；wear穿，戴。合为内衣。
3．完全失去了原有的意义。如：busboy：bus公共汽车；boy男孩儿。合成为饭店杂工。
单元语法集训
I．单项选择。
( )1.Many students signed up for the ___________ race in the sports meeting.
A.800-metre-long B.800-metres-long C.800 metre length D.800 metres length
( )2.We all expect the ___________ holiday after the exam.
A.two month B.two-month C.two-months D.two months
( )3.As we all know, Heze is ___________ for its peony（牡丹）．It attracts millions of visitors every year.
A.popular B.well-known C.man-made D.income
( )4.The New York Times is a popular daily ___________.
A.storybook B.magazine C.newspaper D.guidebook
( )5.He is ___________ because he has never been back to his hometown for a long time.
A.homework B.homesick C.housework D.hard-working
II．从方框中选择单词组成合成词填空。
speaking, well, peace, over, English, loving, green, house, known, come
1.Australia is an ________________ country.
2.People plant the vegetables in the ________________ in winter.
3.They are ________________ people.They are against the war.
4.The Great Wall is ________________ all over the world.
5.We must ________________ the difficulties we meet on the way to success.
单元重难点集训
题组训练一 neither...nor..., both...and, either...or...的用法辨析
I．单项选择。
( )1. ___________ my brother ___________ I do well in our lessons.
My mother is very proud of us.
A.Not; but B.Neither; nor C.Either; or D.Both; and
( )2.—Tell us something about Canada, OK
—I’m sorry. ___________ Jack ___________ I have ever been there.
A.Either; or B.Not only; but also C.Both; and D.Neither; nor
( )3.We just need one of you for the game. ___________ you ___________ your brother can join us.
A．Both; and B.Neither; nor C．Either; or D.Not only; but also
II．用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Neither you nor your sister ________________ (go) to play football every afternoon.
2.Both my teacher and I ________________ (be) busy with our model plane these days.
题组训练二 another, other, others, the other的用法辨析
从方框中选择适当的词填空。
another, other, others, the other
1.There are two books on the desk.One is Chinese, ________________ is maths.
2.Beijing is very cold now.You should take some ________________ warm clothes.
3.I have some apples.But I need ________________ three apples．
4.There are some people on the square.Some are dancing, ________________ are walking and talking.
5.I don’t like the pair of shoes.Can you show me ________________ one
题组训练三as...as的用法
I．单项选择。
( )1.Playing basketball is ___________ playing the piano.I want to join the two clubs.
A.as boring; as B.not so bored as C.as interesting as D.not so interested
( )2.Alex believes he will soon be able to play chess as ___________ as the computer.
A.well B.better C.best D.good
II.根据汉语意思完成句子。
1．我能和艾丽斯跑得一样快。我们将都参加比赛。
I can run____________ ____________ ____________ Alice does.We both will take part in the race.
2．我将尽可能快地做完作业，然后咱们一起打篮球。
I will finish my homework____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ and then play
basketball with you.
题组训练四 There be 结构的用法
单项选择。
( )1.Look！There ___________ a photo of our English teacher in today’ s newspaper!
A.is B.are C .have D.has
( )2．There ___________ an NBA match on TV this weekend.
A.have B.is going to be C.will have D.is going to have
( )3.—Is there any outdoor learning in your school
—___________.We learn outdoors once or twice every month.
A.Yes, there is B.No,there isn’t C.Yes, it is D.No, it isn’t
( )4.There ___________ a book and some pens on the desk.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
题组训练五not...until的用法
单项选择。
( )1.—You look so tired.What’s wrong
—I didn’t go to bed ___________ I finished watching In the Name of People last night.
A.until B.if C.though D.unless
( )2.She ___________ not give up until she succeeds.
A.will B.is C.does D.did
单元滚动阅读集训
完形填空。
When spring comes, flowers are beginning to come out.For teenagers in the U.S.,that means a vacation is on 1 way.
In the US, students may begin their spring vacation at different time, _ 2 where they live, So while students from one town are on vacation, their neighbors in the next town might 3 as usual.Spring vacation is also known 4 “spring break”.During this time,students have one or two weeks off from school.The break usually happens in late March or 5 .
Spring break is a 6 time.Teachers usually don’t give homework over the break, so students can spend their days and nights free from school-time stress.There are lots of ways to spend the time.Some families go on vacation, visit a new city or even a new 7 .Others may travel to visit family members who live far away.Some students 8 relax at home or visit friends’ houses.Sometimes teachers lead overseas trips for groups of students.On a ten-day trip, for example,students might have a 9 through Spain, France, or Italy.These trips are often expensive, 10 they give students an unusual chance to see other parts of the world.
( )1. A.their B.its C.your D.ours
( )2. A.depending on B.depend on C.to depend on D.depended on
( )3. A.play basketball B.take exams C.have classes D.leave school
( )4. A.by B.in C.for D.as
( )5. A.February B.April C.October D.December
( )6. A.relaxing B.busy C.private D.tiring
( )7. A.family B.city C.town D.country
( )8. A.both B.all C.either D.neither
( )9. A.tour B.rest C.walk D.picnic
( )10. A.or B.but C.and D.so
II.阅读理解。
Dear friend, do you know the boy in the picture He is Wang Yuan, a member of the Chinese boy band,TFBOYS.Do you want to know more about him Follow me please.
Wang Yuan was born on November 8th, 2000 in Chongqing.His English name is Ray.He is a senior high school student now.He is good at singing, dancing and playing the piano.He can also write songs alone.He and two other boys formed the boy band TFBOYS in 2013.They are very popular with the young girls and boys in China now.
On February 10th, 2017, Wang Yuan made a short speech on good quality education (优质教育) in English at the United Nations in front of 500 people from around the world.It’s great.As for middle school students, we should learn from Wang Yuan, and put our hearts into what we are doing to make a difference in our daily lives.
( )1.Wang Yuan was born ___________.
A.on November 8th, 2013
B.on November 18th, 2001
C.on November 8th, 2000
D.on November 8th, 2013
( )2.Wang Yuan’ s English name is ___________.
A.Jay B.Ray C.Lay D．Kay
( )3.Wang Yuan is a talented boy, he can ___________, sing and play the piano.
A.play the drums B.drive C.paint D.dance
( )4.Wang Yuan made a short speech at ___________ in 2017．
A.Chongqing B.Beijing C.Shanghai D.the United Nations
( )5.What can you learn from the passage
A.Working hard can make a difference.
B.Being a star can make a lot of money.
C.Wang Yuan sings well but can’t write songs.
D.Four people are in the band.
以下是上述内容的答案及解析： **单元语法集训** I. 1. A 解析：
“800-metre-long”是一个合成形容词，作定语修饰名词“race”，其中“metre”要用单数。 2. B 解析：“two-month”是一个合成形容词，作定语修饰名词“holiday”。 3. B 解析：“be well-known for”表示“因......而闻名”，菏泽因牡丹而闻名。 4. C 解析：《纽约时报》是一份报纸，“newspaper”报纸。 5. B 解析：“homesick”想家的，因为很久没回家乡所以想家。 II. 1. English-speaking 解析：“English-speaking”说英语的。 2. greenhouse 解析：“greenhouse”温室。 3. peace-loving 解析：“peace-loving”热爱和平的。 4. well-known 解析：“well-known”著名的。 5. overcome 解析：“overcome”克服。 **单元重难点集训** **题组训练一** I. 1. D 解析：根据“My mother is very proud of us.”可知我和哥哥功课都好，“both...and...”表示“两者都......”。 2. D 解析：“I’m sorry.”表明两人都没去过，“neither...nor...”表示“两者都不......”。 3. C 解析：“We just need one of you for the game.”表明要么你要么你哥哥能加入我们，“either...or...”表示“要么......要么......”。 II. 1. goes 解析：“Neither...nor...”连接两个主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，“your sister”是第三人称单数，所以用“goes”。 2. are 解析：“Both...and...”连接两个主语，谓语动词用复数，所以用“are”。 **题组训练二** 1. the other 解析：两者中的另一个用“the other”。 2. other 解析：“other + 名词复数”表示“其他的......”。 3. another 解析：“another + 数词 + 名词”表示“另外的......”。 4. others 解析：“some...others...”一些......另一些......。 5. another 解析：“another one”另一个。 **题组训练三** I. 1. C 解析：“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as”表示“和......一样......”，“interesting”形容事物有趣，“bored”形容人感到无聊，打篮球和弹钢琴一样有趣。 2. A 解析：“as + 副词原级 + as”，修饰“play chess”用副词“well”。 II. 1. as fast as 2. as soon as possible **题组训练四** 1. A 解析：“There be”句型，“a photo”是单数，用“is”。 2. B 解析：“There be going to be”表示“将有......”，“an NBA match”是单数，用“is going to be”。 3. A 解析：根据“We learn outdoors once or twice every month.”可知是肯定回答，“There be”句型的一般疑问句回答用“Yes, there is/are.”或“No, there isn't/aren't.”。 4. A 解析：“There be”句型遵循“就近原则”，“a book”是单数，用“is”。 **题组训练五** 1. A 解析：“not...until...”表示“直到......才......”，我昨晚直到看完《人民的名义》才睡觉。 2. A 解析：“not...until...”引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，“will + 动词原形”。 **单元滚动阅读集训** I. 1. B 解析：“on its way”表示“在路上”，这里指春天的假期在路上。 2. A 解析：“depending on”在这里作状语，根据他们居住的地方。 3. C 解析：当一个镇的学生在放假，隔壁镇的学生可能还在上课。 4. D 解析：“be known as”被称为。 5. B 解析：春天的假期通常在三月末或四月。 6. A 解析：根据“Teachers usually
don’t give homework over the break”可知是放松的时间。 7. D 解析：去一个新的城市甚至新的国家。 8. C 解析：“either...or...”要么......要么......，一些学生要么在家放松要么去朋友家。 9. A 解析：“have a tour”旅行。 10. B 解析：这些旅行很贵但是给学生一个不寻常的看世界其他地方的机会，表转折用“but”。 II. 1. C 解析：根据“Wang Yuan was born on November 8th, 2000 in Chongqing.”可知。 2. B 解析：他的英文名是“Ray”。 3. D 解析：他擅长唱歌、跳舞和弹钢琴。 4. D 解析：在联合国做演讲。 5. A 解析：文章主要表达了要努力才能有所不同。

展开更多......

收起↑