译林版(2024)七年级上册Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle 知识点总结

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

译林版(2024)七年级上册Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle 知识点总结

资源简介

Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle知识点
Welcome to the unit
1, Me too. 我也是。
Me too 主要用于延续前面的肯定信息,表示与前面提到的情况一样,相当于 “I…too.”
-I have a sweet tooth. 我爱吃甜食。
-Me too. 我也是。
拓展 当表示同意某个否定的陈述或回答时,需要用“Me either”
如:- I don't like spicy food. 我不喜欢吃辣的事物。
-Me either. 我也是。
2, Fish is good for our health. 鱼对我们的健康有益。
be good for 对……有益;对……有好处 = be great for
后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。其反义短语是be bad for, 意为“对……有害“
It is good for the body and for the mind. 它对身心都有好处。
health [不可数名词] 健康
(be)in good/bad health 健康状况良好/差
Have a good lifestyle, and you will be in good health.
拥有好的生活方式,你的健康状况就好。
Too much sweet food is bad for your health.
吃太多甜食对你的健康不利。
拓展 1. healthy [形容词] 健康的
keep/stay healthy 保持健康
2 .healthily [副词] 健康地
We have to eat and drink healthily. 我们必须健康地饮食。
Reading
1, It is important for me to keep fit. 对我来说,保持健康很重要。
important [形容词] 重要的
be important to sb. 对某人来说是重要的
Studying is important to students, 对学生来说学习是重要的。
It’s an important meeting. 这是一个重要的会议。
It is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事是重要的。
It is important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说,学好英语是重要的。
2, I also have a healthy diet. 我也有健康的饮食。
diet [名词] 日常饮食
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
(be)on a diet 节食,控制饮食
It’s important to keep a balanced diet. 保持均衡饮食是很重要的。
She’s always on a diet. 她总是节食。
3, I never go to school without breakfast. 我从来没有不吃早饭去上学。
without [介词] 没有
其后可跟名词、人称代词宾格或v.-ing形式,用来表示伴随或假设的情况。
without 的反义词为with (具有;带有)
without doing sth. 没有做某事
Fish can’t live without water. 没有水,鱼就活不了。
He left the room without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就离开了房间。
4, I seldom eat cakes or sweets. 我很少吃蛋糕或糖果。
or [并列连词]
也不
常用于否定句,在肯定句中用and代替。
I don’t like chicken or beef. 我不喜欢鸡肉和牛肉。
或者 用于肯定句。
He eats noodles or baozi for breakfast. 他早餐吃面条或包子。
或;还是 用在选择疑问句中。
-Would you like noodles or dumplings
-Noodles. 面条。
5, Too much sugar is bad for our teeth. 太多糖对我们的牙齿不好。(1) too much, too many 与 much too的辨析:
too much 太多 修饰不可数名词,还可修饰动词,作状语
too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数
much too 太 修饰形容词或副词
I have too much homework. 我有太多家庭作业。
Don’t eat too much. 不要吃太多。
There are too many kites flying in the sky. 天空中飞舞着太多风筝。
The watch is much too expensive. 这块手表太贵了。
(2)tooth [可数名词] 牙齿
复数形式为 teeth. 类似的复数变化还有:foot-feet (脚), goose-geese (鹅)。
brush one’s teeth 刷牙
6, I have a sweet tooth and it is hard for me to say no to cakes. 我爱吃甜食,对我来说,拒绝蛋糕是很难的。
Have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食
The little girl has a sweet tooth. 这个小女孩爱吃甜食。
say no to 拒绝……; 对……说不
say yes to 同意…… say hello to 向……问好
say goodbye to 向……道别 say thanks to 向……道别
say sorry to 向……道歉
I couldn’t say no to snacks. 我无法拒绝零食。
I want to say thanks to my friend. 我想向我的朋友道谢。
7, My lifestyle is unhealthy. 我的生活方式不健康。
unhealthy [形容词] 不健康的
Don’t eat unhealthy food. 不要吃不健康的食物。
Eating too much sugar is unhealthy. 吃太多糖是不健康的。
拓展 unhealthy 是由形容词healthy 前加否定前缀 un-构成的。常见的类似形容词:un-+lucky (幸运的) —— unlucky (不幸的)
un-+happy (高兴的) —— unhappy (不高兴的)
un-+friendly (友好的) —— unfriendly (不友好的)
8,I need to get enough sleep. 我需要得到充足的睡眠。
need
[行为动词] 需要
need sth. 需要某物 We need your help. 我们需要你的帮助。
need to do sth. 需要做某事
I need to exercise every morning. 我每天早上需要锻炼。
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
I need her to help me. 我需要她来帮助我。
sth. need(s) doing 某事需要被做
The classroom needs cleaning. 教室需要被打扫。
[情态动词] 需要
后接动词原形,常用于否定句或疑问句中。
You needn’t go now. 你现在不需要去。
Need I finish my homework now 我现在需要完成家庭作业吗?
拓展由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t 或don’t/doesn’t have to.
-Must I do it now 我必须现在做这件事吗?
-No, you needn’t. 不,你不需要。
[名词] 需要的事物;需要
in need 在贫困中,在困难中
What are your needs 你需要什么?
She is always ready to help the people in need. 她总是乐于帮助那些需要帮助的人。
enough
[限定词或代词] 足够(的);充分(的); 作定语修饰名词时,通常放在名词前面,但time enough(足够的时间)仍经常用。
have enough + 名词 + to do sth. 有足够的……可以做某事
We have enough time/time enough to do our homework.
我们有足够的时间做家庭作业。
Six bottles should be enough.
6瓶应该够了。
[副词] 足够地;相当
用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。
adj./adv. + enough (+for sb.) + to do sth. (对某人来说) 足够……可以做某事
The tent is big enough for a family of three to live in. 这个帐篷足够大能让一个三口之家居住。
9, I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables and less sugar. 我打算吃更多水果和蔬菜,少吃糖。
less
[限定词或代词] 较少的,更少的 修饰或指代不可数名词。反义词为more (更多的)。
I drink less water in the day. 我白天喝水更少。
We have less to worry about now. 现在我们要担忧的事少一些了。
[副词] 少,较少
I read much less now than before. 我现在读的比以前少得多。
10, Breakfast is important because it gives us energy for the morning. 早餐很重要,因为它给我们提供上午的能量。
give [及物动词] 提供;交给
give sb. sth. 给某人某物
此时 give 后接双宾语。相当于give sth. to sb.
Please give them some mooncakes. = Please give some mooncakes to them. 请给他们一些月饼。
注意:当give 后表示物的宾语是代词时,只能用give sth. to sb. 结构。如:Please give it to David. 请把它给戴维。
11, I like beef and mutton for lunch… 我午餐喜欢牛肉和羊肉……
like/have/eat…for + 表示三餐的名词
三餐喜欢/吃……
-What do you have for breakfast 你吃什么作为早餐?
-I have eggs for breakfast. 我吃鸡蛋作为早餐。
12, I have a sweet tooth, but I should say no to sweets because too much sugar is bad for our health. 我爱吃甜食,但我应该拒绝甜食,
因为太多糖对我们的健康有害。
should [情态动词] 应该;应当
其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示建议、劝告、要求、义务、征询意见等。其否定形式是在其后加not, 可缩写为shouldn’t.
You should care about your parents. 你应该关心你的父母。
We shouldn’t break the rules. 我们不应该违反规则。
What should we do now 我们现在该做什么?
13, To make sure I get enough sleep, I should not stay up too late. 为了确保我有足够的睡眠,我不应该熬夜到太晚。
动词不定式短语作目的状语
句中to make sure I get enough sleep 为动词不定式短语作目的状语,表示做某事的目的。动词不定式作目的状语时,可位于句首,也可位于句末。
To get to the station on time, I should get up very early.
为了按时到达车站,我应该早起床。
I go there to see my friend. 我去那里见我的朋友。
(2)make sure 确保;查明
常用于祈使句中,表示请求或要求对方按照要求做某事。常见用法如下:
make sure + that 从句 确保/查明……
Make sure that you can get a ticket. 确保你能得到一张票。
make sure of (doing) sth. 确保(做)某事
We made sure of our seats for the movie. 我们订好电影院的座位了。
Grammar
1, an apple 一个苹果
a/an 不定冠词a用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前表示“一个”;不定冠词“an“用于读音以元音音素开头的单词或字母前,表示”一个“。这里需要强调的是辅音音素和元音音素,不是指字母。
a bag 一个包 an apple 一个苹果
注意:有些元音字母或以元音字母开头的单词,其读音却以辅音音素开头,前面的冠词要用a。有些辅音字母或以辅音字母开头的单词,其读音却以元音音素开头,前面的冠词要用an。
a useful book 一本有用的书
an hour 一个小时
an m/n/s/x/f 一个m/n/s/x/f
2, a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
a piece of 一块(片,张,件……)
I’m hungry. Please give me a piece of bread. 我饿了,请给我一片面包。
拓展 a piece of 后接不可数名词,表示数量;a piece of 短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如果表示的数量超过一个,则piece 用复数形式;…pieces of 短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
There is a piece of meat on the plate. 盘子里有一块肉。
There are two pieces of meat on the plate. 盘子里有两块肉。
3, Maybe we should get some cakes and bread too! 也许我们还应该买一些蛋糕和面包!
maybe和may be的辨析
maybe 也许;大概 副词;多位于句首作状语
may be 也许是;大概是 情态动词+be; 位于句中构成谓语
Maybe he is a teacher. = He may be a teacher. 也许他是名老师。
Integration
1, Less than 3 times a week. 每周少于3次。
less than 少于,不到
其反义短语是more than, 意为“多于;超过“,常用于数量、时间、金钱、距离等的比较。
The book costs less than 50 yuan. 这本书花费不足50元。
I read English for more than an hour every day. 我每天读1个多小时的英语。
than
[介词] 比
表示两者进行比较。后接名词(短语)、代词或v.-ing形式。
But there’s more in life than food and money. 但生活中不仅仅有食物和金钱。
I am taller than her. 我比她高。
[连词] 比 后接从句。
He has more money than I do. 与我相比,他有更多的钱。
2, My mum also cooks delicious porridge. 我妈妈也煮美味的粥。
cook
[及物动词] 烹饪;煮
其后可接双宾语,即cook sb. sth. (=cook sth. for sb.) “为某人烹饪某物“
She often cooks us lunch. = She often cooks lunch for us.
她经常为我们做午饭。
[不及物动词] 做饭
My mother is cooking in the kitchen. 我妈妈正在厨房里做饭。
[名词] 厨师;炊事员
Her father is a good cook. 她父亲是一位优秀的厨师。
拓展 cooker [名词] 厨灶;炉具
3, We should never miss breakfast. 我们决不能错过早餐。
miss [及物动词]
错过;未看到;未赶上
后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
miss doing sth. 错过做某事
She missed the last bus. 她错过了某班公交车。
I don’t want to miss watching the TV play. 我不想错过看那部电视
剧。
想念,思念
She misses her parents very much. 她非常想念她的父母。
拓展 Miss [名词] 小姐 首字母大写
4,I also have a yogurt between meals. 我也在两餐之间喝一份酸奶。
yogurt(=yoghurt)
[可数名词] 一份酸奶 a strawberry yogurt 一份草莓酸奶
[不可数名词] 酸奶 natural yogurt 原味酸奶
between [介词] 在……之间
表示在两者之间,既可表示位置,也可表示时间。
between…and… 在……和……之间
A river is between two hills. 一条河位于两座山之间。
There is a supermarket between the bank and the hospital. 在银行和医院之间有一家超市。
The shop opens between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. 这家商店在上午8点到下午5点之间营业。
He sits between you and me. 他坐在你和我的中间。
5,I sleep for about 9 hours most nights. 我大多数晚上睡大约9个小时。
most
[限定词] 大多数,几乎所有;(数量上)最多
Most students in our class like our Chinese teacher. 我们班大多数学生都喜欢我们的语文老师。
I like most vegetables. 几乎什么蔬菜我都喜欢。
He has the most apples of us three. 在我们三个人中,他的苹果最多。
[代词] 大多数,几乎所有,大部分
most of “大多数的……; 大部分的……”。
后接名词,名词前常有定冠词,指示代词或形容词性物主代词修饰。
后接代词。
most of…作主语时,其谓语动词的单复数应与of后的名词或代词的数的形式保持一致。
Most of the shops are open before 9 p.m.
大部分商店在晚上9点前是开着门的。
Most of the bread is bad. 大部分面包坏了。
[副词] (程度上)最大,最多
Now he needs food most. 现在她最需要食物。

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览