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考点一 定语从句
考点:
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
2.关系副词引导的定语从句
3.“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句
关系代词引导的定语从句
1．关系词及其用法
关系代词 用法
who 人， 主宾
whom 人， 宾
which 物， 主宾
that 人.物 主宾
whose 人,物 定语
as 引导限制性定语从句：既可指人又可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。引导非限制性定语从句：先行词为整个主句，意为“正如；像”
关系副词 用法
when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当于“表时间的介词(in，at，on，during等)＋which”
where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语，相当于“表地点的介词(in, at, on, under等)＋which”
why 指原因，在从句中作原因状语，相当于“for＋which”
2.关系代词的用法区别
关系代词that和which的用法区别 只用that的情况 先行词是all, few, little, much, something, anything,
nothing等不定代词时
先行词被the only, the very, the same, all等修饰时
先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
先行词既有人又有物时
小试牛刀
(1)The man is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
(2) These are the trees were planted last year.
(3) The woman they wanted to visit is a teacher.
(4)I know the girl mother is a teacher.
(5) I have a friend likes listening to classical music.
I. 用适当的关系词填空
1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking
2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village.
4. Do you know the reason John is so angry
5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting.
6. The reason ________________ he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense.
7. I still remember the night ________ she left the house.
8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all.
10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
考点二非限定性定语从句
基本概念
①从形式上来看：和主句用逗号隔开
eg. The student, who has the prize，are very happy.
②从内容上来看：非限定性定语从句对先行词进行补充信息
关系词
that和why不能引导定语从句
3.练习
判断下列定语从句的种类并尝试翻译他们。
① He came out top in the exam, which made his family very happy.
② Is this the reason why he is late again.
③ On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle,which was made in Japan.
④ Her parents wouldn't let her marry anyone whose family was very poor.
⑤ I,who am your best friend,will help you out.
⑥ I attended the meeting last month,when lots of people talked about that topic.
（2）观察并归纳：引导非限制性定从的关系代词有哪些
① Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.
② I have invited more than one hundred friends to the pary,all of whom are from abroad.
③ Daisy, whose paper won a prize last month, is my best friend.
④ Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.
⑤ We will put off the meeting until next week, when we won't be so busy.
⑥ The earth goes around the sun,as we all know.
⑦ He came out top in the exam, which made his family very happy.
“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句。其中关系代词只能用which和whom，且不能省略。
(安徽卷)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
2．“the＋名词＋of which/whom”结构引导的定语从句。这类定语从句一般为非限制性定语从句，且该结构中的名词和后面的关系代词为所属关系。
(江苏卷)The newly built café，the walls of which
(＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
【典例】—Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight
—I’m not sure. Is it in the hall ___________ can hold 300 people
A. where B. what C. that D. when
考点 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。
【典例】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
that B. where C. which D. when
一、用适当的关系词填空。
1.He is the man on you can rely.
他是你可以信赖的人.
2. Jack introduced to me his friend with I was not very familiar.
杰克向我介绍了我不很熟悉的那个朋友.
3. I'll never forget the day on we worked together in the countryside.
我不会忘记我们一起在乡下工作的日子.
4. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through we could see what was happening insidethe house.
这个聪明的孩子在墙上挖了一个洞，透过它我们可以看到屋里发生的事情.
5. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently.
6. It is reported that two schools, both of are being built in my hometown, will open nextyear.
7.There are two buildings,the larger of stands nearly a hundred feet height.
总练习：
一.用关系代词和关系副词填空.
8. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.
9.Kate,(who/whose/whom) sister I shared a room with when we were at college,hasgone to work in Australia.
10. Self - drivingis an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
11. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of purposes is to relieveworldwide starvation.
12.Many young people,most of were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chasetheir dream.
13. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
14. It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago withits winding streets and pretty cottages.
15. Opposite is St. Paul's Church,_ you can hear some lovely music.
16. He wrote many children's books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s.
17.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be ableto be independent.
二.拔高练习
1．A football fan is a person ________ has a strong interest in football．
2．Is there anyone in your class ________ family is in the country
3．I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers．
4．We all know that this is the second book ________ he has ever written．
5．________ is often the case in India, foreign firms will face big barriers．
6．Those ________ have six or more close friends are described as “very happy”．
7．Michel Crozier, with ________ help Daisy passed the exam, was one of the straight A students of the school．
8．The boy, of ________ the hair is red, is my brother．
9．They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ________ sat a small boy．
10．In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ________ are women．
11．It is such a good book ________ I want to buy immediately．
12．Our life has reached the stage ________ we should decide what to do and how to do it by ourselves．
13．I don't know the reason ________ he came so late．
14．Suddenly I heard a man shouting at a driver, ________ car was blocking the street．
15．The way ________ he looks at problems is wrong．
16．They talked about the persons and things ________ they remembered at school．
17．I want to use the same tools ________ were used in your factory a few days ago．
18．We climbed up to the top of a hill, ________ we got a good view of the whole forest park．
19．In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ whom she could turn for help．
20．Have you ever been in a situation ________ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him
题组二能力提升
单项选择
1.This year’s children’s party, __________ some parents were invited to, was a great success.
A.which B.why C.whose D.where
2.The death of the closest relatives, __________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable.
A.which B.who C.as D.the one
3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah
—Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, __________surprised everyone.
A.who B.that C.which D.it
4.There is no success without hard work; success is something __________is only earned after much labor.
A.which B.that C.what D.不填
5.It is said that a most popular emoji (expression of emotion on the Internet) is the ＂face with the rolling eyes＂, ______ is used in 14 percent of text messages.
A.that B.what C.which D.whose
6.He isn’t such a man ______ he used to be.
A.who B.whom C.that D.as
7.It was the training__________he had as a young man__________ made him such a good engineer.
A.what, that B.that, what
C.that, which D.which, that
8.Actually, there are grammatical mistakes many students make __________keep them from writing the good compositions.
A.what B.that
C.who D.whether
9.Many universities share teaching resources online, creating a learning space ______ benefits life-long learners.
A.how B.what
C.which D.where
10.Something______ really_______ ,in my opinion, is having computer skills.
A.that; counts B.which; counts
C.that; counts on D.which; counts on
题组三体验真题
1.（2020·新课标II卷· 短文改错）Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy.
2.（2020·新课标III卷·语法填空）In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.
3. （2020·新课标III卷·短文改错）Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
4.（2020· 山东新高考· 语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, (form) the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759.
5.（2020·新课标I卷·语法填空）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
6.（2020·天津卷·单项填空）7. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990 s, ____________he gave it to his grandson.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
7.（2019·新课标II卷·语法填空）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _____ she opened with her late husband Les.
8.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）The students benefitting most from college are those ______ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
9.（2019·浙江卷·语法填空）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _____gives off light in the dark.
10.（2019·新课标III卷·短文改错） In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
11. (2018·新课标卷II·语法填空)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ______ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
12.(2018·江苏卷·单项填空)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
13. (2018·天津卷·单项填空) Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A. whom B. that
C. whose D. her
14.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
15.（2019·新课标I卷·短文改错）One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.

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