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2024高三第一学期英语期中考试
1. how 2. a 3. where 4. making 5. to uncover
6. are put 7. by 8. are happening 9. whether 10. washed
11. C 12. H 13. I 14. J 15. G 16. B 17. E 18. A 19. K 20. F
21. A 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D
36. D 37. C 38. D 39. C
40. C 41. B 42. A
43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C
47. E 48. F 49. A 50. D
CHIJG BEAKF ADCDC ABACB BDBAD
DCDC CBA DABC EFAD
Summary Writing
51. The Global Youth Empowerment Foundation encourages young people worldwide to find solutions for big challenges through its “Voices of Tomorrow” project. It focuses on technology, sustainability, and healthcare, showing the importance of young voices in creating a better, more connected world. This initiative proves that youth ideas can make a real difference in achieving a fair and sustainable future.
Translation
52. The new policy is as beneficial to the employees as it is to the company.
53. Whether it’s for fun or learning, both children and parents can find here what they need.
54. This building has been standing for over half a century, serving as a landmark in Shanghai.
55. Inspired by a deep admiration for Chinese history and philosophy, this Greek writer dreams of visiting China one day.闵行实验中学 2024 学年第一学期 高三年级
期中考试 英语试卷
（考试时间：105 分钟 满分：115 分）
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A Unique Summer School
Every spring, Alexandra Jones, founder of Archaeology in the Community, goes to St. Croix and talks to kids at the Caribbean Center for Boys and Girls. She leads the youth field program. Jones describes what the Estate Little Princess Archaeological Field School does at the Estate Little Princess and explains (1)_____ kids can take part. Any girl or boy, ages 12 and up, from anywhere on the island can apply, as long as they belong to the Center for Boys and Girls. The program lasts a week and takes (2)_____ maximum of 15 kids. About half are middle schoolers.
Later that summer, Jones and the group of kids begin their week at the Estate Little Princess. The archaeologists (考古学家) are working in the area (3)_____ the enslaved people’s village once stood. In 1786, 127 enslaved Africans lived in 53 houses there. Today, their homes are long gone. Jones explains, “For the most part the enslaved village area is overgrown with vegetation, (4)_____ (make) it extremely difficult to survey and unearth.” This is where the kids work, side-by-side with the archaeologists, (5)_____ (uncover) the past.
On the kids’ first day, Jones teaches students what archaeology is and how artifacts, objects made and used by people in the past, (6)_____ (put) into groups. They’ll classify what they find (7)_____ the material the objects were made from—glass, pottery, bone, and so on. The kids go to the site and watch the archaeologists at work. That way, they can see what the jobs look like as they (8)_____ (happen). Jones divides the kids into two groups. Some will be at the site, while others are in the lab. The kids start work on the second day. The group at the site excavates (挖掘): they dig through the dirt, sift it, and place what they find into artifact bags. The group at the lab wash, classify, and record the artifacts so the archaeologists can study them later.
“The kids love it!” Jones says. “Each has something they’re drawn to, (9)_____ it’s being the first to find something that hasn’t been touched in 80 to 100 years, or being the first person to wash it or see it (10)_____ (wash), so they can really get a good view of what it is.”
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. angered B. collection C. connection D. demanding
E. dismissal F. lasting G. pessimism H. reputation
I. unconventional J. underachieving K. united
Stepney Words
Chris Searle’s journey as a teacher at Sir John Cass Secondary School in Stepney, East London, began in 1970. He was driven by a strong 11 to the area and a progressive vision for education. Having completed a postgraduate thesis (论文) on Isaac Rosenberg, a poet from the East End, Searle saw Stepney as a place filled with potential, in spite of its 12 as a hopeless community. He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds.
Searle’s 13 approach conflicted with the traditional views of the school’s governors and teachers. At a time when discipline was harsh and students were often regarded as troublemakers, Searle viewed these 14 teenagers as individuals with untapped potential. He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose.
His belief in poetry’s power materialized in the creation of Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems. Despite the 15 from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. The 16 gave the students a voice, but it also drew criticism from school officials who thought the poems were “too gloomy.”
Searle’s progressive ideals led to his 17 from the school. However, his students, 18 by the decision, organized a protest led by 16-year-old Zenaida de la Cruz. The entire school quickly 19 , standing together with Searle. On his return to the school, he found 800 students standing outside the gates in the rain, showing their support.
Though the government eventually allowed him to return, he decided to leave the school in 1974. His commitment to education did not end there—he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a(n) 20 impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In recent years, many employers have begun to prioritize skills over traditional qualifications when evaluating job candidates. This shift aims to 21 persistent skills shortages and promote workforce diversity. 22 , while skills-based hiring has good intentions, its implementation (实行) often misses the mark.
Companies like John Lewis have started to openly share their interview questions, aiming to 23 the hiring process. Meanwhile, other organizations have abandoned degree requirements or even CVs for specific positions. These strategies reflect a broader trend towards recognizing candidates’ abilities rather than merely their past experiences.
According to Harry Gooding from recruitment firm Hays, the 24 of skills-based hiring is to “bring a person’s skills into the limelight (聚光灯).” A recent survey indicated that 70% of recruitment (招聘) professionals now 25 skills assessment over traditional CV analysis. This shift is seen as an opportunity to 26 the talent pool and allow individuals from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds to compete more fairly for jobs.
Despite these positive changes, many initiatives have not produced significant results. Research from the Burning Glass Institute and Harvard Business School reveals that firms adopting skills-based hiring have 27 increased their workforce of employees without degrees by an average of 3.5 percentage points. Furthermore, many organizations have just 28 their hiring practices without making substantive changes. A surprising 45% of companies reported no real shift in hiring patterns, even after 29 degree requirements.
Stephen Chu, chief legal and people officer at Instride, points out that simply dropping degree requirements is 30 if hiring teams do not adopt a skills-first strategy. He notes that organizations often unknowingly keep 31 alive by continuing to favor degree holders in hiring. Instride faced this issue firsthand, realizing that their hiring practices needed a bigger transformation to truly embrace skills-based recruitment.
To effectively implement this approach, employers must integrate skills assessment throughout the hiring process. This can be achieved by developing a skills taxonomy, which is a detailed list of necessary skills for various roles within the organization. This foundational work enables firms to clearly define job requirements and ensures that recruitment standards 32 the new focus on skills.
Nikolaz Foucaud from Coursera emphasizes that a cultural shift is necessary for skills-based hiring. Leaders should adopt a comprehensive people strategy, and job descriptions must reflect the skills and experiences 33 the roles they aim to fill.
While skills assessments play a crucial role in recruitment, they should not be applied without careful consideration. Each role requires a careful evaluation of the right 34 of skills, experience, and cultural fit. Ultimately, the 35 of skills-based hiring depends on a thoughtful and integrated approach, enabling organizations to unlock a broader range of talent.
21. A. address B. evaluate C. explain D. report
22. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Instead D. However
23. A. design B. extend C. clarify D. control
24. A. cost B. process C. advantage D. essence
25. A. abandon B. define C. emphasize D. submit
26. A. broaden B. approach C. decrease D. classify
27. A. greatly B. only C. similarly D. regularly
28. A. rebranded B. criticised C. described D. discouraged
29. A. satisfying B. discussing C. removing D. understanding
30. A. independent B. insufficient C. insensitive D. inexpensive
31. A. institutions B. preferences C. teamwork D. relationship
32. A. set aside B. look over C. take after D. agree with
33. A. available to B. relevant to C. present in D. different in
34. A. combination B. development C. possibility D. introduction
35. A. trouble B. choice C. price D. success
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Ray Harryhausen was a pioneering figure in special effects, known for his incredible mastery of stop-motion animation. His influence began when he was attracted by the 1933 film King Kong. The film’s innovative use of stop-motion to bring the giant creature to life left a lasting impression on the young Harryhausen, which fueled his desire to pursue a career in special effects.
Harryhausen’s work was groundbreaking. He animated small-scale models by photographing them one frame at a time, making slight adjustments to their positions between each shot to give the impression of movement. This process required patience and precision. One of his most famous scenes is in the 1963 film Jason and the Argonauts. The heroes fight an army of skeletons (骨架). This scene took several months to make, but it is one of the most remarkable achievements in film history.
Throughout his career, Harryhausen worked on various films, many of which feature fantastical creatures and exciting action scenes. Films like The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953), It Came from Beneath the Sea (1955), and The Seventh Voyage of Sinbad (1958) showcased his ability to create lifelike and dynamic creatures in ways that hadn’t been seen before. His monsters (怪兽) seemed to have a life of their own, interacting smoothly with live actors.
Despite his significant contributions, Harryhausen never won an Academy Award for his special effects, though his work was beloved by audiences and continues to influence modern filmmakers. He created a unique style of animation that combined imagination and technical skill, inspiring directors like Peter Jackson and George Lucas. Harryhausen’s stop-motion techniques, while less used today due to the rise of computer-generated imagery, remain a landmark of innovative filmmaking.
In 1992, Harryhausen was finally awarded a lifetime achievement Oscar, recognizing his mark on the film industry. His work continues to inspire, and although modern technology has evolved, the sense of wonder and creativity he brought to his films endures.
36. Ray Harryhausen’s method can be described as _____.
A. filming live-action actors together with a monster-like figure
B. displaying models from various angles to show a whole image
C. drawing animated characters by hand to reveal their uniqueness
D. photographing models frame by frame to make them appear to move
37. Which of the following is a feature of the monsters created by Ray Harryhausen
A. They looked kind and friendly.
B. They showed the power of technology.
C. They engaged naturally with real actors.
D. They were unusual in appearance.
38. The last two paragraphs talk mainly about _____.
A. the change in the film industry B. Ray Harryhausen’s career struggles
C. the decline of stop-motion animation D. the impact of Ray Harryhausen’s work
39. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Filmmakers no longer use Ray Harryhausen’s techniques.
B. Ray Harryhausen won awards for his groundbreaking work.
C. Ray Harryhausen’s work revolutionized special effects in filmmaking.
D. Stop-motion animation is one of the oldest techniques in filmmaking history.
(B)
When I was 14, I began collecting all the interesting math facts and puzzles that weren’t covered in school into a notebook. This notebook eventually expanded into six volumes. These collections became the basis for my book, Professor Stewart’s Cabinet of Mathematical Curiosities.
One of the most interesting topics I revisited while writing my book was the “sausage conjecture,” a unique mathematical challenge. A conjecture is a theory that mathematicians believe could be true but hasn’t been proven or disproven yet. The sausage conjecture is about finding the most efficient way to wrap circles or spheres (球体). For example, if you wrap a string tightly around several identical circles laid out on a flat surface, the conjecture explores which arrangement minimizes the area inside the string.
Mathematicians have long studied how to pack objects tightly. For instance, it took nearly 400 years to prove that stacking oranges in hexagonal layers is the most compact (紧凑的) form in three dimensions. However, this area of math isn’t fully resolved, especially when considering more than three dimensions or different shapes.
hexagonal layers a hexagonal layout
Consider a simple situation: if you were to wrap a ribbon around six flat, circular pies, you would find that placing the pies in a straight line (forming a “sausage” shape with the string) covers the smallest area. But if you wrap seven pies, a hexagonal layout with one pie in the center touching the others is more space-efficient. This pattern holds true for up to six circles; a linear layout is best. But for seven or more, a rounder arrangement minimizes the area inside the string. This has been proven mathematically for up to six circles.
The problem becomes even more complex with spheres. For wrapping 56 or fewer identical spheres, a sausage-shaped arrangement minimizes the volume inside the wrapping. With 57 spheres, a compact shape is better, as it balances thinness with volume. This too is a proven theorem (定理).
40. What does a conjecture in mathematics refer to
A. A fully proven mathematical theorem.
B. A theory that has been proven incorrect.
C. A theory that might be true but hasn’t been proven yet.
D. A mathematical rule used for solving algebraic problems.
41. According to the passage, how should six flat, circular items be arranged to minimize the area enclosed by a string
42. What is the primary purpose of the passage
A. To explain a complex mathematical theory in detail.
B. To detail the author’s personal history and achievements.
C. To introduce a collection of mathematical wonders in a book.
D. To promote a proper way of discussing mathematical challenges.
(C)
It is a common misconception that geology is “just” about rocks. True, geologists are trained to read what rocks tell us about Earth’s past, present and possible future structure and evolution. But, as I will explain as part of this year’s Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, geological processes and climate are closely linked.
Numerous complex physical and chemical links and feedbacks exist between Earth’s surface and subsurface rocks, its atmosphere, oceans and ice caps and life in all these places. Volcanic eruptions bring carbon from deep within the planet to the surface and the air, enhancing the green-house effect. In contrast, weathering of exposed rocks at the surface and the action of shell-forming animals in the oceans remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, reducing global warming.
The rocks and fossils (化石) in the geological record bear witness to these processes, showing us that Earth’s climate has changed continually since the planet formed around 4.6 million years ago. This same record also shows that atmospheric CO2 is at its highest level in at least the past 3 million years, and that the current pace of planetary warming is never before seen in Earth’s history.
The geological record can also be used to assess the accuracy of complex numerical models used to predict future climate and its impact on Earth’s habitability. Geology has improved our understanding of global warming and hopefully will help us to reduce it.
There is an irony to that, given geologists play a role in locating and exploiting climate-heating fossil fuels. Now, more than ever, our discipline needs to fully adopt the concept of “sustainable geoscience”.
This isn’t a new idea and nor is it limited to climate change. The many and varied historical contributions of geology to tackling some of our greatest societal challenges can be seen by looking at the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. To name just a couple of examples, geologists study the origin, natural transportation and behaviour of pollutants like arsenic and lead, critical to the provision of safe and reliable water supplies, and they explore the origin of natural hazards such as landslides and earthquakes, and so help strengthen communities across the world.
But geologists must redouble their engagement with other scientists and politicians to develop and ultimately help apply solutions to the many environmental and resource challenges we face. Students of geology should be made aware of the broader contributions their multidisciplinary skill set can make to global well-being, beyond just energy provision—although ensuring energy supply, we should not forget, underpins many of the Sustainable Development Goals.
43. The examples of volcanic eruptions and the weathering of rocks are intended to _____.
A. demonstrate what geological activities geologists mainly study
B. highlight the importance of studying volcanic activity in geology
C. illustrate the enormous and destructive power of geological processes
D. show the dynamic interactions between geological activities and climate
44. In the sentence “There is an irony to that”, the irony refers to _____.
A. the profession’s role in both causing and solving global warming
B. sustainable geoscience’s unexpected popularity across various fields
C. the disagreement between geological records and current climate models
D. geologists’ focus on energy provision which goes against their original goal
45. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A. Energy supply is in critical shortage.
B. Geologists are able to work across various fields.
C. Pollutants spread far and wide due to modern transportation.
D. Fossil fuel exploitation does not contribute to climate change.
46. What is the main point the author is making in the passage
A. Geologists primarily study rocks to understand Earth’s climate.
B. Climate models are often inaccurate without the geological record.
C. Geology is crucial for addressing global challenges beyond the study of rocks.
D. The field of geology focuses on exploiting fossil fuels and studying climate change.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. But whatever happens, we are still left with the discovery that our livers influence our behaviour in unexpected ways. B. But, so far, research had only shown that it just works for a short period of time. C. FGF21 could have evolved as a protective response to lessen this damage by reducing the desire to drink more. D. The implications of this research are significant. E. They took part in a three-day drinking marathon—not just for fun, but as part of a study on the effects of heavy drinking. F. When animals are genetically modified to produce higher levels of FGF21, they show a decreased preference for alcohol and sweetened food.
The Call of Alcohol
People’s reactions to alcohol can vary widely—from those who enjoy it greatly to those who find it unappealing. The difference, as scientists are discovering, may not just be a matter of personal choice but also deeply rooted in genetics and physiological responses.
A fascinating case is that of Lars Igum Rasmussen and his friends. 47 Researchers discovered that their levels of a hormone called FGF21, which typically helps regulate metabolism (新陈代谢), more than doubled. Interestingly, this hormone might also play a role in controlling alcohol intake.
FGF21 is primarily produced in the liver (肝), but its effects extend to the brain, where it seems to play a role in regulating desires for alcohol and sugar. 48 This finding opens up new possibilities for developing treatments targeting FGF21 pathways to reduce heavy drinking.
But why would a hormone that evolved to control metabolism also affect alcohol consumption One theory suggests it might be tied to our evolutionary past. Early humans frequently consumed fermented (发酵的) foods and drinks, which could damage the liver if consumed too much. 49
In human studies, variations in the FGF21 gene have been linked to differences in alcohol consumption. Those with one variant are more likely to drink heavily, while others with a different variant are more likely to drink moderately or even drink nothing. These genetic insights are part of a broader effort to reveal the complex relationship between our biology and drinking behavior.
50 If FGF21 or similar pathways can be used for treatment purposes, it might become possible to help individuals struggling with alcohol dependence. This could also provide new avenues for understanding how our organs, like the liver, influence behaviors traditionally considered purely psychological.
III. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.
51. Let the Youth Speak Up
The Global Youth Empowerment Foundation (GYEF) is a leading organization that helps young people share their ideas and solutions for a better world. This group is especially important today, as it helps young people get involved in making changes in areas like the economy, society, and the environment. Their main project, "Voices of Tomorrow," invites young people from different places to come up with creative ways to solve big global issues.
For example, Anna Dobrenkov from Russia suggested creating a digital link between countries to share new ideas and business opportunities. This idea came from seeing how technology can bring people and countries closer together. The "Voices of Tomorrow" effort is part of a bigger project called the Global Development Exchange (GDX), which aims to meet sustainable development goals. It has inspired young people from more than 60 countries to propose ideas for things like environmental technology and better healthcare.
Yu Yunquan, a leader in world studies, stressed the value of young people taking part in world decision-making, encouraging them to share their fresh thoughts and creativity. Damaris Carlos from Peru made an impactful proposal based on her community’s health challenges, emphasizing the need for countries to work together more closely in health matters.
The campaign also focuses on reducing the digital gap, pushing for platforms that allow young people to fight for change and share their stories. Recently, they talked about creating a cloud-based healthcare system to help countries share medical resources, showing GYEF’s belief in working together for better growth and support.
In short, GYEF and "Voices of Tomorrow" show how young people’s enthusiasm and new ideas can lead to a world that’s more fair and sustainable. This initiative keeps inspiring future leaders to imagine a world where progress and equality are real.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 这项新政策对员工和公司都大有裨益。 (as…as)
53. 无论游玩还是学习，孩子和家长都能在这里各取所需。(whether)
54. 这幢大厦建成已有半个多世纪，一直是上海的城市地标。(serve)
55. 心怀对中国历史和哲学的崇敬之情，有朝一日去中国看看成为这位希腊作家的梦想。(dream of)
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校开展了一个主题为“绿色交通日”的环保项目。写一封信给你的美国笔友Alice，介绍这个环保项目。内容须包括：
1) 项目的具体内容和目的；
2) 项目对你和同学们的影响；
3) 邀请Alice分享她的学校是否有类似的环保活动。

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