资源简介

1.表起始的过渡语有to begin with, according to, so far, as far as等。例如：
As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.
2.表时间的过渡语有first/firstly,in the mean time, at the same time, for the first time, ever since, while,shortly after, the next moment, nowadays, at present, before long, in thefuture等。例如：
After that I went to No. 8 Middle Schoolof Dalian and graduated this summer.
Firstly, the technology of ... secondly,people’s income has...Thirdly, mobile phones are....
3.表空间的过渡语有on the right/ left, to the right/left of, on one side of... on the other side of ..., at the foot/ top/ end of,in the middle/ center of等。例如：
On the other side, where the playgroundused to be now stands another new building—our library.
4.表因果的过渡语有thanks to, thus, therefore, as a result(of...), with the help of..., owe ...to...等。例如：
The company has a successful year,thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.
As a result, many of us succeeded inpassing the College Entrance Examinations.
5.表转折的过渡语有on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ...for another, on thecontrary, except for, in spite of, otherwise, after all, in fact等。例如：
I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the otherhand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well asclear and vivid pictures.
It is hard work; I enjoy it though.
Contrary to what I had originallythought, the trip turned out to be fun.
6.表例证和列举的过渡语有thatis to say, as a matter of fact, namely, for instance, take...as an example,such as, that is , like, as follows, in other words, and so on等。例如：
As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
There is one more topic to discuss,namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
A particular example for this is...
7.表并列的过渡语有as wellas, not only...but (also), including等。例如：
Not only do computers play animportant part in science and technology, but also play an informative role inour daily life.
All of us, including the teachers /the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well. =He speaks not only English but alsoFrench.
E-mail, as well as telephones, isplaying an important part in daily communication.
8.表推进的过渡语有what’s more, further more, on one hand,...one the other hand..., inaddition to, moreover, worse still, to make matters worse, but for等。例如：
The house is too small for a family offour, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still, itis in a bad location.
I used to have to work even atweekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
Another equally important aspect is...
A is but one of the many effects.Another is...
Besides, other reasons are...
9.表强调的过渡语有：especially,indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all等。例如：
Noise is unpleasant, especially whenyou are trying to sleep.
What in the world/on earth are youdoing
10.表总结用语有：in short; In summary, briefly/ inbrief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all等。例如：
Generally speaking, sending an e-mailis more convenient than sending letters.
In short, measures must be taken toprevent the environment being polluted.1.表起始的过渡语有to begin with, according to, so far, as far as等。例如：As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.
2.表时间的过渡语有first/firstly,in the mean time, at the same time, for the first time, ever since, while,shortly after, the next moment, nowadays, at present, before long, in thefuture等。例如：
After that I went to No. 8 Middle Schoolof Dalian and graduated this summer.
Firstly, the technology of ... secondly,people’s income has...Thirdly, mobile phones are....
3.表空间的过渡语有on the right/ left, to the right/left of, on one side of... on the other side of ..., at the foot/ top/ end of,in the middle/ center of等。例如：
On the other side, where the playgroundused to be now stands another new building—our library.
4.表因果的过渡语有thanks to, thus, therefore, as a result(of...), with the help of..., owe ...to...等。例如：
The company has a successful year,thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.
As a result, many of us succeeded inpassing the College Entrance Examinations.
5.表转折的过渡语有on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ...for another, on thecontrary, except for, in spite of, otherwise, after all, in fact等。例如：
I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the otherhand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well asclear and vivid pictures.
It is hard work; I enjoy it though.
Contrary to what I had originallythought, the trip turned out to be fun.
6.表例证和列举的过渡语有thatis to say, as a matter of fact, namely, for instance, take...as an example,such as, that is , like, as follows, in other words, and so on等。例如：
As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
There is one more topic to discuss,namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
A particular example for this is...
7.表并列的过渡语有as wellas, not only...but (also), including等。例如：
Not only do computers play animportant part in science and technology, but also play an informative role inour daily life.
All of us, including the teachers /the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well. =He speaks not only English but alsoFrench.
E-mail, as well as telephones, isplaying an important part in daily communication.
8.表推进的过渡语有what’s more, further more, on one hand,...one the other hand..., inaddition to, moreover, worse still, to make matters worse, but for等。例如：
The house is too small for a family offour, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still, itis in a bad location.
I used to have to work even atweekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
Another equally important aspect is...
A is but one of the many effects.Another is...
Besides, other reasons are...
9.表强调的过渡语有：especially,indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all等。例如：
Noise is unpleasant, especially whenyou are trying to sleep.
What in the world/on earth are youdoing
10.表总结用语有：in short; In summary, briefly/ inbrief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all等。例如：
Generally speaking, sending an e-mailis more convenient than sending letters.
In short, measures must be taken toprevent the environment being polluted.一. 赞同
positive 肯定的, 实际的, 积极的, , 确实的
favorable 赞成的, 有利的, 赞许的, 良好的
approval 赞成, 承认, 正式批准
enthusiasm 狂热, 热心, 积极性
supportive 支持的，支援的
defensive 为……而辩护
二. 否定
negative 否定的, 消极的, 负的, 阴性的
disapproval 不赞成
objection 异议
opposition 反对
critical 批评的
criticism 批评批判
disgust 令人厌恶, 令人反感vt.使作呕
warning警告的; 告诫的; 引以为戒的
detestation 憎恶, 厌恶的人, 嫌恶
indignation 愤慨
contempt 轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬
compromising 妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷
worried 闷闷不乐的,焦虑的
三. 怀疑
suspicion 猜疑, 怀疑
suspicious (～ of) 可疑的, 怀疑的
doubt怀疑，疑惑
doubtful 可疑的, 不确的, 疑心的
question 疑问，怀疑
puzzling 使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的
四. 客观
objective 客观的
neutral 中立的
impartial 公平的, 不偏不倚的
disinterested 无私的
imprejudiced 没有偏见的
unbiased 没有偏见的
unprejudiced 公平的, 无偏见的, 没有成见的
detached 不含个人偏见的
五. 主观
subjective 主观的, 个人的
indifference 不关心
tolerance 宽容，容忍，忍受
pessimism 悲观, 悲观主义
gloomy 黑暗的, 阴沉的, 令人沮丧的, 阴郁的
optimistic 乐观的
sensitive 有感觉的, 敏感[锐]的,易受伤害的
scared 恐惧的
reserved 保留的, 包租的
consent 同意, 赞成, 答应n.同意, 赞成, 允诺
radical 激进的
moderate 中等的, 适度的, 适中的v.缓和
mild 温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 轻微的, 适度的
ironic 说反话的, 讽刺的
confused 困惑的, 烦恼的
amazed 吃惊的, 惊奇的
worried 担心的
concerned 关心的, 有关的
apprehensive 担忧，担心
mixed 喜忧参半
biased 有偏见的
indignant 愤怒的, 愤慨的
六. 积极
objective 客观的
concerned 关注的
confident 自信的, 确信的
interested 感兴趣的, 有成见的, 有权益的
optimistic 乐观的
positive 正面的
impressive 给人深刻印象的, 感人的
七. 中立/折中
impartial 公平的, 不偏不倚的
neutral 中立的
impersonal 非个人的
factual 事实的, 实际的,根据事实的
detached 不含个人偏见的
八. 消极
negative 消极的
indifferent 漠不关心的
depressed 消沉的
subjective 主观的
pessimistic 悲观的
unconcerned 不关心的
contemptuous 轻蔑的, 侮辱的
hostile 敌对的, 敌方的
biased 片面的1、表起始的过渡语有to begin with, according to, so far, as far as等。例如：
1) As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things. 　　
2、表时间的过渡语有first/firstly, in the meantime, at the same time, for the first time, ever since, while, shortly after, the next moment, nowadays, at present, before long, in the future等。例如：
2) After that I went to No. 8 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer.
3) Firstly, the technology of ... secondly, people’s income has...Thirdly, mobile phones are....
3、表空间的过渡语有on the right/ left, to the right/ left of, on one side of... on the other side of ..., at the foot/ top/ end of, in the middle/ center of等。例如：
4) On the other side, where the playground used to be now stands another new building—our library.
4、表因果的过渡语有thanks to, thus, therefore, as a result(of...), with the help of..., owe ...to...等。例如：
5) The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.
6) As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations.
5、表转折的过渡语有on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ...for another, on the contrary, except for, in spite of, otherwise, after all, in fact等。例如：
7) I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.
8) It is hard work; I enjoy it though.
9) Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.
6、表例证和列举的过渡语有that is to say, as a matter of fact, namely, for instance, take...as an example, such as, that is , like, as follows, in other words, and so on等。例如：
10) As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．
11) There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.
12) A particular example for this is...
7、表并列的过渡语有as well as, not only...but (also), including等。例如：
13). Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.
14). All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.
15). He speaks French as well as English. =He speaks English, and French as well. =He speaks not only English but also French.
16). E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.
8、表推进的过渡语有what’s more, further more, on one hand,...one the other hand..., in addition to, moreover, worse still, to make matters worse, but for等。例如：
17). The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still, it is in a bad location.
18). I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.
20). Another equally important aspect is...
21). A is but one of the many effects. Another is...
22). Besides, other reasons are...
9、表强调的过渡语有：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all等。例如：
23). Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.
24). What in the world/on earth are you doing
10、表总结用语有：in short; In summary, briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all等。例如：
25). Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.
26). In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.一、作文前两段要空格吗？
英文写作一般有两种：
①齐头式：不空格，但段与段间要空一行。（电子版一般是这种格式）
②缩进式：段前空两格，段间不空行。（推荐格式）
考试的时候，推荐大家最好用缩进式，也就是段前空两格，段与段之间不空行的格式。
二、具体要求
1. 答题不要超出答题卡/纸规定的位置。
2. 选好字体，多加练习，考试时用黑色字迹的签字笔认真书写。
3. 控制好字符间距，“清晰工整”是对英语书法的最低要求。
4. 所有字母要书写紧凑，不可以零零散散。如果书写错误，切忌涂写黑疙瘩，要保持卷面整洁。
5. 修改不超过2处。若有错误，可以用横线划掉错误的内容，在旁边或后面重新书写。切忌涂写黑疙瘩，要保持卷面整洁。
6. 三段式，3—4段最美观。
7. 段首空出约6—8个字母（大概是中文格式的2格），右端对齐。大写字母必须突出，约为小写字母的1.5倍高，让大小写字母有明显的区分。
8. 内容长度超过答卷篇幅的一半。
三、标点符号的书写要求
（一）标点符号一律使用半角。（二）逗号、句号、分号、冒号、感叹号、问号和它们后面的字符之间必须留一个半角空格。错误：Hi,I'm an entrepreneur.Can you make this app for me for free Because,you know,I have this brilliant idea but I don't know how to code.正确：Hi, I'm an entrepreneur. Can you make this app for me for free Because, you know, I have this brilliant idea but I don't know how to code.（三）逗号、句号、分号、冒号、感叹号、问号和它们前面的字符之间不可留任何空格。错误：I think our current version is too simple ,why don't we ,uh ,improve it so that it looks more attractive 正确：I think our current version is too simple, why don't we, uh, improve it so that it looks more attractive 下面，我们来具体看一下这些简单标点符号的用法：
逗号1.在并列连词（and, but, for, nor, or, yet）前使用，用来连接句中的各分句。2.用逗号来分隔一系列单词、词组和从句。3.逗号用来分隔与句子其他部分密切相连的简短插入语或旁白。（较长的，更为突兀的或复杂的插入成分的则用破折号或圆括号。）4.在并列形容词，即分别修饰同一个名词的形容词之间使用逗号，但也有的形容词之间不加逗号的。5.用逗号来分隔非限制性修饰语，即该修饰语对于句子的意义并非必不可少。非限制性修饰语与限制性修饰语的区别在于，它即使被省略也不会改变句子的主要意思。6.逗号用于直接引用的句子之前，如：Mary said, "Let's go fishing."如果是引用比较正式的发言讲话就要用冒号，一般情况下就用逗号。在反问句之前要使用逗号：He worked very hard, didn't he
问号问号要用在一个直接的问句而不是间接的问句之后。如：How will you solve the problem （√）I wonder how you will solve the problem （×）（这里应该使用句点而不是问号）另外，在客气的用语中，也是用句点而不是问号。如：Will you please give me a call tomorrow.
分号
1.与中文一样，分号用于分隔地位平等的独立子句。在某些情况下，使用分号比使用句点更显出子句之间的紧密联系，另外分号也经常与连接副词thus, however, therefore一起使用（放在这些词语之前）。如：
I realize I need exercise; however, I'll lie down first to think about it.
2.在句子中如果已经使用过逗号，为了避免歧义的产生，就用分号来分隔相似的内容。如：
The employees were Tom Hanks, the manager; Jim White, the engineer; and Dr. Jack Lee.（四）将长串数字分开写，降低辨识的难度。错误：1234567890正确：123 456 7890 或 123-456-7890（五）书名、杂志名、电影名、音乐专辑名、英文中出现的外文（包括拼音，人名除外）用斜体。错误：In 2008, I created this amazing service during my internship at Playboy.正确：In 2008, I created this amazing service during my internship at Playboy.（六）对于有序列表，应采用“阿拉伯数字+英文句点+半角空格”的方式。错误：Three words I hate:1.Innovation.2.Leverage.3.Synergy.正确：Three words I hate:1. Innovation.2. Leverage.3. Synergy.（七）括号弧线外要留空格，弧线内不要。错误：Byte Press(née Tangcha ) is the best Chinese-language eBook app.正确：Byte Press (née Tangcha) is the best Chinese-language eBook app.（八）用弯引号，不要用直（的弯）引号。错误："Merry Christmas!" 'Happy New Year!'正确："Merry Christmas!" 'Happy New Year!'（九）正确使用各种短横线。连字符hyphen (-)：连接前后缀，连接单词构成复合词，分隔数字，行尾断词。连接线en dash (–)：用来连接时间、年份，表示数字范围或时间跨度，可以将其理解为"to"或"through"。破折号em dash (—)：用于分隔额外信息或标记句子中的中断。破折号可以成对使用，以标记对理解句子不重要的附加信息。错误：Glenn Gould (1932-1982) is probably my one and only hero - the person who taught me to think differently well before Steve Jobs.正确：Glenn Gould (1932–1982) is probably my one and only hero — the person who taught me to think differently well before Steve Jobs.注意：破折号（em dash）两端可各留一半角空格，亦可不留。此乃英美习惯之不同，无对错之分。预示后果型
1. Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that … will lead us in danger.
很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险。
2. No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that …
毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会……
3. It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.
很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。
结尾型
4. Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论……
5. Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that …
考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论……
6. Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that …
因此，我们最好得出这样的结论……
7. There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.
毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
8. All in all, we cannot live without … But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之，我们没有……是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题
引出话题型
9. Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近，……问题已引起人们的关注。
10. The Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题。
11. Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.
如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。
12. It is commonly believed that … / It is a common belief that …
人们一般认为……
13. Many people insist that …
很多人坚持认为……
14. With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…
随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为……
15. A lot of people seem to think that …
很多人似乎认为……
16. Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.
如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。
17. It is commonly believed that … / It is a common belief that …
人们一般认为……
18. Many people insist that …
很多人坚持认为……
19. With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…
随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为……
20. A lot of people seem to think that …
很多人似乎认为……
二、过渡性副词
1. 表示结果
as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as a consequence
2. 表示总结
on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short
3. 其他连接词
mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case
4. 表示时间
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while
5. 表示顺序
first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important
6. 表示可能
presumably, probably, perhaps
7. 表示解释
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms
8. 表示递进
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again
9. 表示让步
although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen
10. 表示转折
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand
11. Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
显然，是时候采取措施来解决这个问题了。
12. Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
显然，我们能够得出结论：好的态度来自礼貌和对他人的尊重。
13. 表示强调
still, indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially, obviously, clearly
14. 表示比较
like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally
15. 表示对比
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast
16. 表示列举
for example, for instance, such as, take …for example, except (for), to illustrate and, unfortunately, whereas
17. 表示原因
for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to

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