资源简介

8A U7
一、词汇：
一) 词性转换：
1. sudden-suddenly 2. excite-excited-exciting
3. 需要注意复数的词：
memory-memories butterfly-butterflies shower-showers stream-streams crop-crops
cloud-clouds snowstorm-snowstorms snowman-snowmen
4. 需要注意过去式的词：
bet-bet drop-dropped rise-rose blow-blew ring-rang fight-fought throw-threw hide-hid
10. study skills: (形容词后缀y)
1) 表示天气的词：
fog-foggy-foggier-foggiest rain-rainy-rainier-rainiest
snow-snowy-snowier-snowiest cloud-cloudy-cloudier-cloudiest
snowstorm-snowstormy wind-windy-windier-windiest
2) 其他：
sleep-sleepy-sleepier shine-shiny health-healthy luck-lucky noise-noisy
注意副词要先改形容词，再去y+ily
二) 其他重点单词：
1. as conj. 随着；当……时
as times goes by as the days are shorter
2. awful adj. 糟糕的，很坏的
注意前面的冠词如果是an，那么就要填awful。
3. rest n. 其余的部分
注意主谓一致的问题：
The rest of the work is difficult. The rest of the students are swimming.
4. a bit 有一点
后面加形容词副词
区别a little：a little+adj./adv./不可数名词/比较级 a little (小)+可数名词单数
a bit+adj./adv./比较级 a bit of+不可数名词
not a little=very much not a bit=not at all
5. sleepy adj. 困的
feel sleepy fall asleep
6. cause vt. 引起
cause=lead to cause做名词表示起因，the cause of ……的起因
7. exciting adj. 激动人心的
区别excited：exciting修饰人或物的特征，令人激动的
excited修饰人的心情，注意 an excited look/feeling/voice/face
二、重点句型及易错点：
1. 把我的衣服带过来。Bring me my clothes.
考点：1) bring和take的区别，2) 双宾语结构。
解析：1) bring表示带来，take是带走。
2) 双宾语结构：bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to/for sb.
例：Please bring me a cake on your way home.
Don’t forget to take an umbrella with you.
秋天是在外踢足球的最好的时间。It’s the best time to play football outside.
考点：动词不定式做定语
解析：当名词前有最高级或者序数词时，名词后面的动词要用to do的形式。
例：He is the first student to arrive at school.
注：注意有的时候被修饰的名词作的是to do形式逻辑上的宾语，一定要看是否需要介词，另外，动词后面不能再加宾语。
例：I have a pen to write with. √
I have a pen to write. ×
I have a pen to write with it. ×
我打赌你什么都不穿看起来并且也会感到 “cool.”I bet you’ll look cool and feel cool with nothing on.
考点：1) I bet +从句； 2) 介词in和on 3) with表示伴随状态
解析：1) I bet表示我打赌，后面可以加从句表示打赌的内容，从句一般情况下用将来时。
例：I bet we will win in the match.
2) in是在里面，所以主语是人，句型结构为：Sb. look adj. in 衣服。
on是（接触的）在上面，所以主语是衣服，句型结构为：衣服 look adj. on sb.
例：She looks pretty in that dress.
The dress looks pretty on her.
3) with表示伴随状态的短语结构为：with sth. 介词短语/副词/形容词。
例：The teacher came in, with a book in her hand.
You’d better sleep with the light off.
Fish sleep with the eyes open.
注：without是with的反义词，表示在没有某物或者没有做某事的情况下做了某事。
例：I went to school without breakfast this morning.
I left without saying anything.
4. 冬天的日子充满了雪花。Winter days are full of snow.
考点：充满的句型。
解析：be full of=be filled with，注意介词。把……装满的句型是fill...with....
例：The garden is full of flowers.
The garden is filled with flowers.
He filled his bag with snacks.
5. 当树和花忘了生长 When trees and flowers forget to grow.
考点：forget的固定搭配。
解析：forget to do 忘记去做某事（事情没有做，忘了做了）
forget doing 忘记做过某事（事情已经做了，但忘了做过了）
例：Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave.
I will never forget seeing her for the first time.
注：同样的用法还有remember：remember to do 记得去做某事（事情没有做，提醒记得去做）remember doing 记得做过某事（事情已经做了，记得做过了）
6. 多么完美的放风筝的时光啊。What a perfect time to fly a kite!
考点：感叹句的结构
解析：感叹句的结构有：What + a/an + adj + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语
What + adj. + 不可数名词/可数名词复数 + 主语 + 谓语
How + adj. (adv.) + 主语 + 谓语
例句：What good weather!
What a heavy rain!
How heavy the rain is!
How heavily it is raining!
注意：常考的不可数名词有：advice; weather; work; information; news; fun; music...
需要注意的名词：time表示时光，rain表示一场雨，noise表示一声巨响都是要加a/an的。
注意动词填空题要先调整成陈述句语序：
What fun it is to do What fun I have doing How lucky I am to do
7. 蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛中玩耍。Bees and butterflies play among flowers.
考点：在……中使用介词。
解析：among表示在三者及以上的范围中；between表示在两者间。
例：Jeans are popular among young people.
You’d better have a rest between classes.
注意：do business between countries trains between cities
8. 然后躲避四月的雷阵雨。Then hide from the April showers.
考点：hide的用法。
解析：hide首先要注意过去式是hid；其次hide表示躲避要加介词from，作为及物动词表示藏。
例：I hid myself behind the tree.
I went to school early in order to hide from the rush hour.
9. 然后秋叶变棕色。Then autumn leaves turn brown.
考点：变化类系动词。
解析：表示变化的系动词有：come go grow tun become get
①come 一般表示事物由坏变好，结果是好的。例：Dreams come true.
　　 ②go 一般表示事物由好变坏，结果是不好的。例：The apple went bad because of the hot weather.
注：go 一般不与 old, tired, ill 等连用。 grow old fall ill feel tired
　　 ③grow 表示逐渐变化，强调的是缓慢变化的过程，后面往往接表示天气或外貌变化的静态形容词。例：I want to grow old with you.
　　　④turn 多接表示颜色的形容词。例：In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out.
　　 ⑤become 和 get 指一个人的暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化。
e.g. He got angry on hearing the news.
另外，become 和 get 还可指天气的变化和社会的趋势。
e.g. It's becoming/getting cold /dark. 天渐冷了/黑了。
e.g. Divorce is becoming/getting more common. 离婚现象越来越普遍了。
get\become 在口语表达时用得比较多，但become相对正式些。
10. 随着白天变短和气温下降，很快雪季会开始，并且又会是一个新年。
As the days are shorter and the temperature drops. Soon the snowy season will begin, and it will be a new year once again.
考点：as用法。
解析：as在这里引导时间状语从句，表示随着；as还可以作为介词，表示当作；
as...as...表示和……一样…… as soon as 一……就……
as...as possible 尽可能……
例：As time goes by, he grew older and older.
Lu Xun is famous as a writer.
I will visit you as soon as I arrive in Nanjing.
Please read English as often as possible.
11. 和……押韵 rhythms with
解析：主要在单选中考察，注意押韵指的是单词的最后的元音或辅音发音一致。
例： “Bike” rhythms with “Hike”.
12. 在一个炎热的夏天的午后人们觉得怎么样？How do people feel on a hot summer afternoon
考点：在……下午/上午/晚上的介词
解析：在普遍的下午/上午/晚上用in；但是在具体的某个下午/上午/晚上要用on。注意短语on the morning/afternoon/evening of ......
例：On a cold morning, he was born.
He left Changzhou on the morning of July 1st.
13. 气温可能下降至零度以下。The temperature can drop below zero.
考点：温度之上/之下介词。
解析：above表示在……上方，below表示在……下方，强调楼层/温度高于/低于…
例：He lives above me.
The temperature will rise above zero.
14. 农民们忙于收获谷物。Farmers are busy harvesting crops.
考点：忙于做某事。
解析：忙于某事是be busy with sth. 忙于做某事是be busy doing sth.
注意：当busy前含有too时，一定要区分到底考察忙于做某事，还是太忙了不能做某事。
例：He is busy talking with his friends.
He is too busy to have a rest.
He is too busy talking with his friend to remember the time.
15. 雨从早到晚都在下。The rain was falling from morning till night.
考点：过去进行时强调一直在做
解析：过去进行时可以表达在过去的一段时间里持续不断一直在做某事。与过去时的区别在于过去进行时的时间状语是一个特定的过去时间点或时间段。
例：I was doing homework at 6 yesterday.
I was doing homework from 6 to 9 yesterday.
16. 我看见一些孩子在公园里踢球。I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park.
批注：I saw some children playing football in the park.
考点：看见某人做某事。
解析：看见某人做某事的句型有：see sb do表示经常看见某人做某事或者看见某人做了某事的全过程；see sb doing表示在某个具体的时间看到某人正在做某事。
例：I often saw him play basketball last month.
Did you see anyone come into my office
I saw her running on my way home yesterday.
17. 在傍晚 in the late afternoon 在清晨 in the early morning
18. 温度会降至零度以下，降到-10度。 The temperature will drop below zero, to -10.
考点：drop和rise的短语。
解析：下降5度 drop by 5C 下降到5度 drop to 5C 降到零度以下 drop below zero
上升5度 rise by 5C 上升到5度 rise to 5C 上升到零度以上 rise above zero
19. 今天将主要是干燥并晴朗的。It will be mainly dry and sunny today.
考点：main的词性
解析：main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 主要
注意：虽然这里main在be动词后，但是be dry是一个短语，mainly是修饰dry的，所以要用副词。同样的结构还有：be badly hurt be terribly cold
例：You can enjoy the main sights there.
Pandas live mainly on a special kind of bamboo.
20. 今天将又会是一个炎热的晴天，温度在三十度左右。It will be a beautiful, hot day again today, with temperatures in the thirties.
考点：in the + 基数词的复数形式表示几十左右。
解析：in + 限定词 (the或者物主代词) + 整十基数词的复数形式表示几十多，如：
in his thirties 在他三十多岁的时候
in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代
例：He went abroad in his forties.
Jeans were very popular in the 1990s.
21. How are you doing 你最近怎么样？
问近况的句子：What’s going on How are you
回答：Fine. Everything is OK.
22. 南京的天气怎么样？ How’s the weather in Nanjing
考点：如何询问天气（两种）
解析：What’s the weather like 和How’s the weather
句型结构：What’s sth. like = How is sth
23. 吹得很猛 blow hard
考点：大雨、大雪、大风、大雾形容词副词表达。
解析：heavy rain/snow rain/snow heavily/hard
strong wind blow hard
thick fog
24. 万事万物被厚厚的白雪覆盖，河水和湖水都结冰了。Everything is covered in deep white snow, and the lakes and rivers are frozen.
考点：被覆盖
解析：这里covered是过去分词，和be动词结合使用表示被……。
be covered in=be covered with表示被……覆盖。
例：The ground was covered with grass.
25. 我们尖叫着大笑着朝彼此扔雪球。 We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing.
考点：1) throw … at sb. 与throw…to sb.
2) 现在分词做状语表状态
解析：1) throw...at....是朝某人扔东西，带有一定的感彩；而throw...to...是把东西有目的地扔给某人。
2) 当句子结束后，需要加一个表示伴随状态的动作时，这个动词要用doing形式。
例：He threw the key to me.
We shouldn’t threw chalk at others.
He came in, laughing and jumping.
25. 用胡萝卜做鼻子 use carrots for their noses
考点：考察use的短语
解析：1. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事
2. use sth. for doing 某物用于做某事
3. use sth. for sth. 某物用于某事
例：You can use the knife to cut things.
You can use the knife for cutting things.
You can use carrots for the nose.
三、语法：
句子结构与句子成分分析
一) 句子成分：句子成分指的是短语在句子中的位置及担当的作用。
主语：一句话所描述的对象。一般在开头。
主语可以是：名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等等。
名词：The book is mine.
代词：He is a teacher.
动名词：Reading English is fun.
动词不定式：It is fun to read English.
谓语：主语发出的动作。谓语必须是动词，谓语可以是系动词，也可以是行为动词，还可以是情态动词+行为动词。
例：He is a teacher.
He will come here.
He can swim.
宾语：谓语动词的对象。位置在谓语动词的后面。
宾语可以是：名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式等等。
名词：I like the picture.
代词：I like it.
动名词：I like reading.
动词不定式：I plan to go out tonight.
宾补：在宾语后面，对宾语进行补充说明，说明宾语做什么或者宾语怎么样。
宾补可以是：形容词，名词，动名词，动词不定式，省略to的不定式。
例：He makes me happy.
He makes me the monitor.
He stopped me running out.
He asked me to stay here.
He made me clean the room.
表语：系动词后面的部分是表语。用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。
表语可以是：名词，形容词，介词短语，副词，动名词，动词不定式等等。
如：He looks young.
I am a student.
My hobby is running.
My job is to teach English.
二）句子结构：
1. S+V:
主语 谓语 其他
He walks quickly.
He ate a lot.
S+V+O:
主语 谓语 宾语 其他
I went there yesterday.
He likes swimming.
The greens are watching TV.
They will help to grow trees.
S+V+P:
主语 系动词 表语
You look cool.
My dream is to be a teacher.
My hobby is swimming.
My father is a teacher.
The leaves turn red.
S+V+IO+DO/S+V+DO+IO
主语 谓语 直宾(物)/间宾(人) 直宾(物)/间宾(人)
He brought me some clothes.
He brought some clothes to me.
He bought me some clothes.
He bought some clothes for me.
He provides me with some clothes.
He provides some clothes for me.
S+V+O+OC
主语 谓语 宾语 宾补
We make the world beautiful.
He will let me go.
They asked us to stay here.
Mr. Wang saw me running.
五种基本句子结构：
S + V 主谓
S + V+ O 主谓宾
S + V + IO + DO 主谓双宾
S + V + O + OC 主谓宾宾补
S + V + P 主系表
分析句子结构步骤：
分析句子结构步骤：
先看动词是不是系动词，如果是，则直接为主系表结构；
如果动词不是动词，再看有没有宾语，如果没有，则为主谓结构；
如果有宾语，再看宾语后面有没有重要成分，如果没有，则为主谓宾结构；
如果宾语后面有成分，再看是不是也是宾语，能不能调换位置，两者之间是否有关系，如果均为yes，则为主谓双宾结构；
如果宾语后面的短语是对宾语解释说明的，不能调换位置，则为主谓宾宾补结构。
真题演练
一、单项选择
1.-- ________ heavy rain! Will it last long -- ________. We're getting into the rainy season now.
A.What; Of course not B. How a; I'm afraid not C. How; That's impossible D. What a; I'm afraid so
2.When winter comes, it is _____ snow everywhere and even the big tree is _____ deep white snow.
A. full with; covered with B. fill with; covered in C. full of; covered in D. fill of; covered with
3.--Was there much ____ in Beijing last week --Yes, it ____ a lot.
A. snow; snowed B. snowy; snows C. snowed; snowy D. snowing; snowed
4.Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays ____ zero ____ a cold morning.
A. up; in B. down; on C. above; on D. below; on
5.They stood in the city square for half an hour, ____ the stars in the sky.
A. watching B. to watch C. watch D. watched
6.I looked for my mobile phone ____, but I couldn’t find it ____.
A. anywhere; everywhere B. somewhere; everywhere C. everywhere; anywhere D. everywhere; somewhere
7.--Shall we go to the park for a panic tomorrow --If it ____ rain.
A. won’t B. won’t be C. isn’t D. doesn’t
8.I bet the little boy will look smart ____.
A. wear this red tie B. with this red tie on C. with this red tie in D. put on this red tie
9.--Do you like reading ______ reading fun --Yes, it is great fun ______ every day.
A.Is; to read B.Does; reading C.Does; to read D.Is; reading
10._____ tourist can stay in the reserve in such bad weather.
A. None B. No C. No one D. Not
11.“I find it interesting to read the book.” belongs to _____.
A. S+V+IO+DO B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC
12.The structure of the sentence “The clouds became dark”, is ____.
A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+O
13.The structure of the sentence “ The baby is sleeping in her room ”is ______.
A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V C. S+V+P D.S+V+O
14.It rains so ____ that we have to walk ____ than usual.
A. heavy; slower B. hard; slowlier C. hard; more slowly D. heavy; slowly
15.Most of the students like English, but the rest _____.
A. doesn’t B. don’t C. isn’t D. aren’t
16.--What do you think of the book
--I find it quite ____, and I can find out the things I am interested in_____.
A. easy; easily B. easily; easily C. easily; easy D. easy; easy
17.Many children in the west of China live _____ from the school.
A.15 kilometers B.15-kilometers far C.15-kilometers away D. 15 kilometers far away
二、词汇
1. Yesterday the number of people who died in the terrible earthquake ________ (上升) to 617.
2. They were all shocked and sad when Jim died in his__________ (四十).
3. We should prevent these kids _______ (扔) litter anywhere to protect our environment.
4. It is really an __________ (糟糕的) day today, and we are feeling bad.
5. The castle looks ________ (闪闪发光) and more beautiful under the fireworks.
6. My grandfather kept ___________ (咳嗽) at midnight. He should go to see the doctor.
7. The doorbell __________ (响起铃声) while he was reading newspaper.
8. The river is _________ (freeze), but you can’t skate on it because the ice is to thin.
9. What do you think can be used as the ______ (snowman) noses
10. The ___________ (fog) the weather is, the harder it is for drivers to see clearly.
11. The farmers are too busy ________ (harvest) crops during this time of every autumn.
12. After a night’s work without sleep, he looked much _________ (sleep).
三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
1. A big tree fell down last night because the wind _______ (blow) hard.
2. Driving after drinking ________ (cause) a lot of traffic accidents last month.
3. There are a lot of colourful lights ______ (shine) brightly on the Christmas tree.
4. -Look! How wonderfully she is swimming! -I _______ (not know) she could swim so well.
5. I saw your parents __________ (stand) at the school gate when I came to school this morning.
6. I’m sure he ________ (be) back in a minute. Please wait for him for a while.
7. The government prevented the sandstorm ________ (make) a better environment.
8. David, _________ (shout) at others in public places, in my mind, is such a rude behavior.
9. I heard that you ________ (fight) with each other on the playground just now. Is that true
10. I heard these fans ________ (scream) excitedly when the star came into the theater.
11. They didn’t start the work until the rain ________ (stop).
12. I hope reading this book _______ (help) you know more about people’s life in the 1970s in China.
13. The CDs________ (sell) well and soon there was none left on the market.
14. What _______ (lead) to the shortages of the wildlife’s living areas was still unknown.
一、DCACA CDBAB DCBCB AA
二、1. rose 2. forties 3.throwing 4. awful 5. shinier 6.coughing 7. rang 8. frozen 9. snowmen’s 10. foggier 11. harvesting 12. sleepier
三、1. blew 2. caused 3. shining 4. didn’t know 5. standing 6.will be 7. to make 8. shouting 9. fought 10. screaming 11. stopped 12. will help 13. sold 14. led

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