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Lesson 1 A private conversation
▲ New words
★ private adj.私人的
① adj. 私人的
private life 私生活 private school 私立学校
It's my private letter. （如果妈妈想看你的信）
It's my private house. （如果陌生人想进你的房子）
② adj. 普通的
private citizen 普通公民 I’m a private citizen. （citizen n. 公民）
private soldier 大兵 《Private Ryan》（《拯救大兵瑞恩》）
public adj. 公众的，公开的（private的反义词）
public school 公立学校 public letter 公开信 public place 公共场所
privacy n.隐私 It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)
★ conversation n.谈话
have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词
1)conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式
subject of conversation 话题
They are having a conversation.
2)talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人
Let’s have a talk.
3)dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈
China and Korea are having a dialogue.
4)chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，说的是无关紧要的事。
5)gossip 嚼舌头, 说长道短
★ theatre n.剧场, 戏剧
cinema n.电影院
★ seat n.座位
have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.
take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐
Is the seat taken 这个位置有人吗
请坐的3种说法 :
Sit down, please. (命令性)
Take your seat, please.
Be seated, please. (更礼貌)
作为动词的seat与sit的区别
sit（sat，sitten） vi. 就座
He is sitting there. 他坐在那儿。
seat vt.让某人就座
seat sb. 让某人就坐，后面会加人
Seat yourself.
You seat him.你给他找个位置.
When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.
A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated
sit down 坐下；be seated=take a seat 就坐
★ play n.戏，戏剧，剧本
The college drama society is going to put on a play.大学戏剧协会正准备上演一个剧目。
v. 玩，玩耍，游戏
play games 做游戏
play football 踢足球
play the piano 弹钢琴
★ angry adj. 生气的
★ angrily adv. 生气的
angry =cross
I was angry. /He was cross.
annoyed: 恼火的;
be blue in the face 脸上突然变色
程 I was annoyed.
度 I was angry/cross.
加 I was very angry.
深 I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了, 相当生气了)
★ attention n. 注意
Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)
pay attention 注意
pay attention to … 对……注意
You must pay attention to that girl.
pay a little attention 稍加注意
pay much attention 多加注意
pay more attention 更多注意
pay no attention 不用注意
pay close attention 特别注意
★ bear(bore, born) v. 容忍
① vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担
Can the ice bear my weight
Who will bear the cost 谁来承担这笔费用？
② vt. 忍受（一般与can/could连用于疑问句及否定句中）
She eats too fast. I can’t bear to watch/watching her.她吃得太快。我看着受不了。
How can you bear living in this place 你怎么能受得了住在这个地方？
bear =stand =put up with
I can't bear/stand you.
endure:忍受,容忍
put up with :忍受
I got divorced（离婚）.I could not put up with him
bear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大
bear n.熊 white bear 白熊
bear hug :热情(热烈)的拥抱
give sb. a bear hug
★ business n. 事, 生意
① n. 生意
business man :生意人
do business: 做生意
go to some place on business:因公出差
I went to Tianjin on business.
② n. 某人自己的私人的事情
It's my business. (指私人的事, 自己处理的事)
It's none of your business. 不关你的事。
★ rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地
rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的
★ pay vt. &vi. 支付
① vt. &vi. 支付（价款等）
Have you paid the taxi-driver
You can pay a deposit of thirty pounds… 您可以先付30英镑的定金……
I’ll pay by instalments.
I paid 50 dollars for this skirt. （pay…for sth. 花/支付……（钱）买……）
② vt. &vi. 给予（注意等）；去（访问）
They did not pay any attention.
We paid a visit to our teacher last Sunday. 上星期天我们去拜访了老师。
③ n. 工资，报酬
I have not received my pay yet. 我还没有领到工资。
▲ 课文讲解
1. Last week I went to the theatre.
动词go的原义是离开一个地方去另一个地方，与介词to连用后，常加上主语所要去的目的来代表主语的动作目的。
go to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛
go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play去剧场看戏
go to the cinema =see a film 去电影院看电影
go to the dairy 去牛奶店
go to the + 人 + 's 表示去这个人开的店
go to the doctor's 去看病；go to the butcher's 买肉
以下短语中名词前不加冠词：
go to school 去上学；go to church 去做礼拜；go to hospital(医院) 去看病；go to bed 上床，睡觉；go home（跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息）
I am at home. 在家休息
2、I had a very good seat.
seat一般指戏院、汽车等配置的固定座位，也可以抽象地表示“座位”或“位子”等概念。
the front seat of a car 汽车的前座
Take a seat, please. 请坐。
3.The play was very intrstrsting.
intrsting 物作主语
The book is very intrsting.
intrested 人做主语
I intrsted in the book.
Exciting / excuted 令人兴奋的，激动地
4、I did not enjoy it.
enjoy vt. 欣赏，享受，喜爱
① enjoy +n. 喜欢,从当中得到一种享受（后面不能跟人）
I enjoy the music.
enjoy the dinner/film/program/game
② enjoy oneself/代词 玩的开心
We always enjoy ourselves.
③ enjoy +动名词（doing）
Jane doesn’t enjoy swimming. She enjoys going to the theatre.
5.A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.
and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)
Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)
The teacher and the lawyer are from Chinese. (两个人)
The teacher and lawyer is from Chinese. (一个人)
6、I got very angry.
get在这里有“逐渐变得”的含义，接近become，是个表示过程的动词，表示状态的变化。而I was very angry则仅表示当时的状态是生气，并不暗示过程。
I am/was angry. 是一个事实
I got angry. 强调变化过程
It is hot.
It got hot.
这里的get是一个半系动词，半系动词就是相当于be的动词,可以替换纯系动词。用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态、性质特征或身份等。半系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有：
1）表感官的系动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel（这些词用形容词作表语） 　　
2）表似乎的系动词seem, appear 　　
3）表变化的系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run 　　
4）表依旧的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold 　　
5）可带名词作表语的系动词：become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn（该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如：He turned teacher.）
7、I could not hear the actors. I turned round.
hear+人:听见某人的话
I could not hear you. Beg your pardon
I couldn't hear you./I couldn't hear a word./I couldn't catch your words.
I couldn't hear you clearly./I couldn't catch your words.
Beg your pardon /I couldn't catch your words.
turn round =turn around 转身
8、In the end, I could not bear it.
in the end 最后，终于，表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后
She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother for help.
I could not bear it/you/the noise.
9、I can't hear a word!
I can't hear a word.
hear a word of sb. （a word 等于一句话）
He didn't say a word.
May I speak to Jim /May I have a word with Jim
10、It's none of your business.
one’s business 指某人（所关心的或份内）的事
It's none of your business./None of your business./It's my business. 不关你的事。
It is my business to look after your health. 我必须照顾你的身体健康。
none相当于not any或no one，但语气较强。
She kept none of his letters. 他的信件她一封也没有保留。
none of 这个短语有时可以表达一种断然、甚至粗暴的口气，尤其是在祈使句中：
None of your silly remarks! 别说傻话了！
none、no one、nobody的区别：
1）no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式；
2）none表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。
如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的) Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天没有一个人交作文。)
None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来看我。)
▲ 陈述句
用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它有肯定式和否定式两种形式。
1）陈述句的肯定式： He is a middle school student.（他是个中学生）/ She teaches us geography.（她教我们地理）/ The new play was good enough and everybody enjoyed it.（新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢）
2）陈述句的否定式：
☆ 谓语动词如果是to be 、助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加“not”。如：My brother is not a teacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）/ He does not have a cousin.（他没有堂兄弟）/ I will not go there tomorrow.（明天我不去那儿）/ My mother is not cooking a meal in the kitchen.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）/ You must not make such mistakes again.（你不该再犯类似错误了）
☆ 谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,须在它的前面加do not(don’t). 如： I don’t know anything about it.(此事我一无所知) / Li Ming does not feed pigs in the countryside.（李明不在农村养猪）/ We didn’t expect to meet her right here.（我们没指望着在这里见到她）/ We didn’t have a meeting yesterday afternoon.(昨天下午我们没有开会)
☆ 如果“have”作“有”讲,也可以在它后面加not构成否定式,其形式与have got的否定式相同。 如：I haven’t (got) any brothers or sisters.（我没有兄弟姐妹）
[注意]
①句子中如果有all、both、very much/well等词时,用not一般构成部分否定,如果要完全否定,则通常使用none、neither、not…at all等；All of them went there.→None of them went there.（他们全都去了那里→他们全都没去那里）
②句子中含有little、few、too(太)、hardly、never、neither、nor、seldom等词时, 则视为否定句。如：Few people live there because life there is very hard.（几乎没有人生活在那里因为那里的生活太艰难了）
③陈述句(主语+谓语+其他)在口语中可以直接表示疑问,表示惊讶或明知故问。
如：That’s your boss （那就是你的老板？！）
④陈述句一般情况下应使用正常的语序,即：主语+谓语+其他。但是有时会倒装,详见“倒装句”。
⑤所有的从句一律使用陈述句语序,即在连接词后采用“主语+谓语+其他”的顺序。
如：The old man told me that he would live here for ten more years before he returns home. （老人告诉我说他还要在这儿住几年然后回家）/ Could you tell me who you saw at the party last night （能告诉我在聚会上你都看见了谁吗？）
▲ 精华语句
1、 The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it.
（日常英语无需拘泥于任何模式，只要达到了传递信息的目的就是成功的英语。这两句话都很短，也完全可以合并起来，之间的逻辑关系是转折意义，但这并没有改变其核心含义。）
（汉意）戏很有趣，但我却没能好好地去欣赏它。
（改装）The play was very interesting, but I had no way to enjoy it.
（汉意）戏很有意思，但我却根本无法去欣赏它。
（模仿）Everyone says he is a very funny man, but I did not like him.
（汉意）都说他是个有趣的人，但我不喜欢他。
2、 A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.
（所谓地道的英语不仅仅指用词地道，它是一个全方位的概念，时态、语态要细到相当微妙的地步，这里的过去进行时正体现了这一点。想想看，这个时态在这里呈现给我们一幅什么样的两面？）
（汉意）一对青年男女坐在我身后。
（改装）Sitting behind me were a young man and a young woman.
（汉意）坐在我身后的是一寻青年男女。
（模仿）Talking to me on the phone was my boss.
（汉意）（刚才）和我在电话里交谈的是我的老板。
3、 In the end, I could not bear it.
（“最后”可以有多种说法，我们惯用的中finally；多掌握一种说法就多了一条腿走路，问题的关键是一定要真正地用，学着去用，否则只是一条废腿！“狗熊”和“忍受”原来是手足同胞！那put up with是什么呢？天知道！）
（汉意）最后，我实在忍无可忍了。
（改装）in the end, I lost my patience.
（汉意）最后，我不耐烦了。
（模仿1）In the end, it was more than he could bear.（见第38课）
（汉意）最后，他再也无法忍受了。
（模仿2）In the end, I could not put up with him any more.
（汉意）最后，我再也忍受不了他了。
4、 It’s none of your business.
（本来很简单的说法非要搞得这么复杂，是故弄玄虚吗？不见得！这是感彩的需要！这样更过瘾！）
（汉意）这根本不关你的事。
（改装1）It is not at all your business.
（改装2）It is nothing to do with you at all.
（汉意）这根本与你无关。
（模仿3）This is my own decision, and it is none of your business.
（汉意）这是我自己的决定，（它）与你不相干。
（模仿4）The matter is none of my business.
（汉意）这事与我毫不相干。
（模仿5）None but fools have ever believed it.
（汉意）只有傻瓜才会相信。
▲课后练习
1. Key to Summary writing
The writer went to the theatre last week. He did not enjoy the play. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind him. They were talking loudly. The writer could not hear the actors. He turned round. ‘I can't hear a word!’ he said. ‘This is a private conversation!’ the young man said.
2.练习（Part B）
1) I enjoyed the film yesterday. 2) I listened to the news carefully. 3) The man played the piano well. 4) The children played games quietly in their room yesterday. 5) He opened the door quietly. 6) He left immediately. 7) He planted a tree in the corner of the garden.8) He read the letter quickly in his office before lunch.9) I borrowed a book from the library this morning.10) The cook spoilt the soup. 11) We stay at home on Sundays. 12) There are a lot of people at the bus stop. 13) The little boy ate greedily an apple in the kitchen this morning. 14) She draws beautifully. 15) I like music very much. 16) They built a new school in our village last year.17) The match ended at four o'clock. 18) She received a letter from her brother last week.
3. 多项选择题
1）b
"They did not pay any attention.” 不是没看见，只是思想上没在意
pay attention: 从思想上注意、在意，如交通安全应注意.
notice: 眼睛上注意(=see 眼睛看) 如：I notice her.
2) c
4. 句型
3) B
4) D
behind: 在……后面
in front of 在……前面 (相对静止的概念)
before 在……前面 (后面加词或句子，一般和时间相连) （如：He arrived before six o'clock.）
above 在……上面
ahead of 在……前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为) （如：ahead of time/ He goes ahead of me.）
5) C
how(adv.)——对一个方式、状态提问，对形容词、副词、介词短语提问
6) A
7) D
any ——用在否定句和疑问句中
some——用在肯定句中
none——代词，没有任何东西、没有任何人
None knows./None of us knows.
not——否定词,要放在非实义动词后面
not any=no
He didn't pay attention.
no——形容词、修饰名词
I don't have any friends./I have no friends.
I have no time./I don't have any time.
5.词汇
8) B
Seat=place
9) A
Young 的反义词是 old
10) C
Angry=cross
11) C
bear 忍受=stand
suffer 遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)痛苦，suffer后面必须加一种痛苦
I suffer the headache.（肉体上的痛苦）
He often suffers defeat.（精神上的痛苦）（defeat n. 失败）
12) C
6. 句子结构
A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.

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