新概念英语第二册Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another讲义

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新概念英语第二册Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another讲义

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新概念第二册
Lesson 11 One good turn deserves another
单词精讲
turn /t :n/
【搭配】a good turn 善事、好事 take turns 依次、轮流 in turn 依次,逐个地
turn on(off)打开(关闭) turn down 把……调低;拒绝
turn up开大(音量等);到达;被找到 turn into(使)变成 turn to 向……求助·
【联想】turning n.岔口处←turn→return v.归还
【释义】n.行为,举止
【例句】He is ready to do a good turn for anyone.他乐于为任何人做好事。
【释义】v.旋转,转动,转向
【例句】:Is it electricity that turns the wheel 是电使轮子转动的吗
【释义】轮流,轮班
【例句】:It's your turn now.现在轮到你了。
【释义】使变得
【例句】:Cold turned their ears pink.他们的耳朵冻得发红了。
【释义】到达,超过(某一年龄或时间)
【例句】:She turns 21in June.她到六月份就满21岁了。
【释义】 vi. 翻动
【例句】Let's turn to page 8.让我们翻到第八页。
【释义】 旋转,转动
【例句】The earth turns round the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
【释义】变得
【例句】:She turned pale.她的脸变得苍白。
【释义】转身,扭转(身体部位)
【例句】We turned and headed for home.我们转身朝家走去。
deserve /d 'z :v/
【搭配】deserve to do sth.值得做某事
【联想】deserve→dessert n.甜食deserved adj应得的,理所当然的
【释义】vt.①应得到deserve + n. 应该得到……,值得……,应得(奖赏、惩罚等)【例句】Do you think I deserve this 你认为这是我应得的吗
He deserves praise. 他应该得到表扬。
Yor deserve the best. 你应该得到最好的。
【释义】值得
【例句】:His brave act deserves admiration.他的勇敢行为值得钦佩。
bank /b k/
【搭配】in the bank在银行里 a blood bank 血库
【联想】bank→bankrupt adj.破产的;n.破产者
【链接】savings储蓄,积蓄 loan 贷款
【释义】n.银行
【例句】He works in a bank.他在银行工作。
【释义】(海、河、湖的)岸,堤
【例句】We walked along the bank of the river.我们沿着河岸散步。
【释义】储藏所(库)
【例句】There is a blood bank in this hospital.这家医院有一个血库。
salary /'s l ri/
【释义】n.工资,薪金
【例句】He gets a good salary.他的薪水很高。
【辨析】wage, salary, income
wage多指体力劳动者所得的工钱,以时间或定额计算,一般按天或周发给。
eg. The workers are demanding a higher wage.工人们正在要求更高的工钱。
salary多指脑力劳动者所得的工资,一般按月发给。
eg. My father gets his salary at the end of each month.
我父亲每个月底领取他的工资。
3.income意思是“收人”,不强调途径,只要是得到的钱都可以称为收人。
eg.His income mainly comes from his investment.他的收入主要来自他的投资。
immediately /'mi:diatli/
【用法】immediately立刻,马上:指某种动作一发生,另一动作就接着发生,中间没有任何插人的时间。
【联想】immediately→immediate adj.立即的↓intermediate adj.中级的
【释义】ado.立刻,马上,即刻
【例句】:I will call to tell you immediately.我会立即打电话告诉你。
【释义】conj.一……就……(=as soon as)
【例句】I came immediately I heard the news.我一听到消息,就赶来了。
重点句型
◆现在进行 : 现在正在发生 , 现阶段
eg. What is happening now He is now working at a bank. ( 现价段 )
◆一般时态 : ( 现在 过去 将来 ) 习惯 , 反复
eg. What always happens I visit you. ( 无论现在 , 过去还是将来 )
He always lent his CD to the others.( 过去)
I will visit you. ( 将来)
◆过去时态 : 在过去的时间里发生的事情 , 不强调对现在的影响和跟其他时间比较 , 叫一般过去式。
eg. I went to the park yesterday.我昨天去了公园。)
◆一般过去时was/were/did:有(yesterday, last night),以前的事情,没有强调对现在的影响
eg. He was at school yesterday. 他昨天在学校。
They were in the library last night.他们昨晚在图书馆。
I did my homework last week.我上周做了我的家庭作业。
◆现在完成时 have/has done: 有过去发生的动作 , 但是还强调对现在的影响 , 过去的行为对现在产生影响或者过去的行为一直延续到现在 since : 自从 + 点时间 , for : 一段 + 段时间
eg. I have finished my work, so I can relax now.
我已经完成了我的工作,所以我现在可以放松了。
He has lived in this city for ten years.
他已经在这个城市住了十年了。
She has made great progress since she started learning English.(自从她开始学习英语以来,她已经取得了很大的进步。
◆过去完成时 had done: 过去的过去 , 有过去发生的动作 , 但是还强调对现在的影响
eg. When I got to the station, the train had left.
当我到达车站的时候,火车已经开走了。
◆过去进行时态 was/were doing: 过去某一特定时间发生的动作
eg. I was reading a book at eight o'clock last night.昨晚八点我正在读一本书。
They were playing football at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他们正在踢足球。
◆进行时态(现阶断进行发生)
eg.I am reading an interesting novel at the moment. 我此刻正在读一本有趣的小说。
He is watching TV in the living room.他正在客厅看电视。
They are having a party in the garden. 他们正在花园里举办一个聚会。
◆一般时态(现在 , 过去 , 将来)习惯 , 反复
一般现在时(表示习惯、反复的动作)
eg.She always gets up early in the morning.她总是早上很早起床。
一般过去时(表示过去习惯、反复的动作)
eg.He used to play football every Sunday when he was a child.
当他还是个孩子的时候,他过去每个星期天都踢足球。
一般将来时(表示将来习惯、反复的动作)
eg.They will go to the park every weekend next year.明年他们将每个周末都去公园。
◆过去时态(在过去的时间里发生的事性 , 不强调对现在的影响 , 和其它的时间比较
eg.一般过去时
I went to Paris last year. 我去年去了巴黎。
过去进行时
She was cooking when the phone rang.电话铃响的时候她正在做饭。
过去完成时
By the time he arrived at the cinema, the movie had started.
到他到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始了。
动词+名词/代词+带to的不定式
某些动词之后的带to的不定式之前可以有一个名词或代词。有些动词后的名词/代词可有可无,但有和没有经常影响影响整个句子的意义。
eg.I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.I want to speak to John.
I’d like sb. to do sth.
I’d like to do sth.
还有一些动词后面用不定式作宾语时,其后通常必须有一名词或代词。
这类动词有allow,advise,help,teach,tell,request等,这类动词不但可用于主动语态,也可用于被动语态:
eg.We were not allowed to see the picture.
hope一定不能说hope sb. to do sth.,正确用法是hope to do (希望自己)或hope that(希望别人)
三、课文精讲
One good turn deserves another 礼尚往来, 善有善报
one bad turn deserves another 恶有恶报
I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in.
我正在一家饭馆吃饭,托尼·斯蒂尔走了进来。
was having 过去进行时 [was/were doing] 过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或情况 ; dinner n. 晚餐 ( 比较正式 ) = supper; breakfast 早餐 ; lunch午餐 ; restaurant n. 饭店 ; when conj. 引导时间状语从句 , 当 ... 时候 , 就在 ... 时候 , 正 ... 忽然 , 强调就在那一时刻发生的事 ;come in 进入
Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank.
托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作,而现在正在一家银行上班。
lawyer's office 律师事务所
law n. 法律 lawyer n. 律师 = attorney n. 见习律师
years ago 几年前 数年前 some/several years ago 名词 -前面省略了 some, days ago = some days ago
bank n. 银行 v. 依靠 bank on = rely on, cling to
is working 现在进行时 [am/is/are doing]说话时正在发生的动作或情况 , 也可表示未来将来要发生的事 eg. I‘m coming to see you.
but conj. 但是 连接两个并列句 , 表转折
work for…强调工作
work in… 强调in后面的地点working at a bank(some/several) years ago 名词-s,前面省略了some
He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.他的薪水很高,但他却总是向朋友借钱,并且从来不还。get-got-gotten v. 得到 获得
salary n. 工资 薪水 = pay n. wage 按小时算的工资
bonus 奖金 ;
dividend 分红 红利
borrow from 借入,向 ... 借
lend to 借出 borrower n. 借款人 ; lender n. 出借人
never adv. 从不 , 前不需要加助动词 = not 需要加助动词构成否定
He doesn't pay it back. never pays it back 从不归还
pay back 归还 = repay, pay off, reimburse;
gets a good salary/pay 有一份很高的薪水
eg.The teachers in the New Oriental school can get a good salary.
borrow sth. from sb. 从……借……pay在这里的意思是“偿还(债务等)”,还可解释为“付,支付(价款、账单)等”。
pay既是及物动词也可以是不及物动词。
eg.How much did you pay for that dress
paid the bill. pay back 还钱
Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.托尼看见了我,就走了过来和我坐到一张桌子前。
and连接三个并列的动词and conj. 并列连词 , 连接并列的动作或其它词性
注意并列动词时态及语态的一致
at the same table 坐在同一张桌子旁边
at table 吃饭
at the table 坐在桌子旁边
He has never borrowed money from me.他从未向我借过钱。
never adv. 从不 决不 , 常与完成时态连用
While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.
当他吃饭时,我提出向他借 20 英镑。
while conj. 当 ... 的时候 , 就在 ... 时 , 引导时间状语从句
eat-ate-eaten v. 吃
ask v.索要 sb. ask for sth.
eg. I asked for money from him 我向他索要钱
lend-lent-lent v. 借 - to, 双宾语 : lend twenty pounds to me
动词不定式的动作是宾语 him 发出的 , 它们在逻辑上存在主谓关系 ,构成复合宾语 , 能带复合宾语的动词还有 give, tell, beg, allow, want, like, leave, lend... 等
To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately.
令我惊奇的是,他立刻把钱给了我。
to my surprise 令我吃惊的是
to somebody's job 让某人高兴的是
to somebody's disappointment/dismay 让某人失望的是
give-gave given v. 给 ; 双宾语
give me the money = give the money to me
immediately adv. 立即 马上 = at once, right away ; right now 现在
'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!'
“我还从未向你借过钱,”托尼说道,“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了!”
pay for 为……而付钱 eg.I have paid for you a dinner.
ask (sb.) for sth. 问……要……
It's my treat. 我请客
eg.This time is your treat. Next time is my turn.Let's go dutch.
本句为直接引语 , 在句中作宾语 , 引用原话时 , 通常用引号括起来 , 否则就为间接引语 ; 间接引语要注意时态人称做相应的逻辑变化
eg.Tony said (that) he had never borrowed any money from me, so now I could pay for his dinner! ;

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