新概念第二册Lesson 17 Always young讲义

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新概念第二册Lesson 17 Always young讲义

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新概念第二册
Lesson 17 Always young
一、单词精讲
appear / 'p /
【释义】vi.①登场,扮演
【例句】:The president will appear on TV tonight.今晚总统将在电视上露面。
【释义】② 出现
【例句】:They didn’t appear until 7.他们7点才到。
【释义】③ 出版
【例句】:His biography appeared last month.他的传记上月出版了。
【释义】④ 显得,好像
【例句】:He appears quite old.他显得很老。
【搭配】It appears to me that … 据我看来,我觉得appear to be 好像是,仿佛 It begins to appear that..看起来似乎
【联想】appear→appearance n.出现;外貌↓disappear/ v消失
【辨析】appear, look1.appear表示“看起来”时,多暗指不切实际的感觉。2.look表示“看起来”时,暗指与实际情况相符合,且常接asif(though),从句,从句谓语动词多用虚拟语气。
stage /ste d /
【释义】n.①舞台
【例句】:He walked out on the stage again and started to sing another song.他又走上舞台开始唱另一首歌曲。
【释义】②时期,阶段
【例句】:The product is at the design stage.产品处于设计阶段。
【释义】③ 步骤,段
【例句】:We did the first stage of the trip by train旅行的第一阶段我们乘火车。
【搭配】early stage 早期,初期stage by stage逐步地
【联想】stay v.停留←stage→steady adj.稳定的
bright /bra t/
【释义】adj.①鲜艳的
【例句】:I like bright colours.我喜欢鲜艳的色彩。
【释义】②明亮的
【例句】:The light is so bright today that I can’t open my eyes.今天阳光如此明媚,我都睁不开眼睛了。
【释义】③充满希望的
【例句】:The future of these children is very bright.这些孩子们的未来充满希望。
【释义】④ 聪明的
【例句】:The men are very socially awkward but very bright.这些男人不善交际,但很聪明。
【联想】bright→brilliant adj.杰出的
【链接】wise智慧的
stocking /'st ki /
【释义】n.(女用)长筒袜
【例句】:The girl likes to wear stockings in summer.这个女孩夏天喜欢穿长筒袜。
sock /s k/
【释义】n.①短袜
【例句】:I bought two pairs of blue socks.我买了两双蓝色的短袜。
② 猛击,重击
【例句】:He gave him a sock on thejaw他朝他的下巴猛击了一拳。
vt. 猛击,狠打
【例句】:She got angry and socked him in the mouth.
她生气了,照着他的嘴巴就是一拳。
【搭配】a pair of socks 一双短袜
【辨析】sock, stocking
sock指不到膝盖的短袜子。
2. stocking 长袜,指到膝盖以上的袜子。
重点句型
情态助动词must
must译为“必须”,可以表示“必要,命令或强制,邀请,决心,不可推卸的责任”等多处含义。它没有时态和人称变化,通常只用于现在时和将来时。在其他时态时,must的有些含义可以用have to或have got to。这三种形式一般可以互换,但用于第一人称时,have to(have got to)强调客观的要求或外在的原因,must则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事。
must + 原形 = have to 不得不 必须
must, have to 的区别 have to 可以有任意时态 must 只有两种时态 : 现在时 将来时 在过去时的句子中 , 要用 have to 来表示 必须 have to 可以被 have got to 取代 have to 作为实义动词 , 否定式为 don't have to will not have to, didn't have to
have to和have got to往往可以互换,但与always,sometimes等频度副词连用时,用have to往往比用havt got to好。have got to比have to更口语化。在过去时的句子中, 要用have to 来表示 “必须”,have to可以有任意时态have to作为实义动词, 否定式为don't have to;will not have to;didn't have to在表达“难道你不能不(做……)”时,一般用“Must you… ”,而不用“Do you have to… ” Must you leave now 难道你非得现在就走吗? I’m afraid so. I have to study for an exam.must可以表示推测,must do表示对现在的推测;must have done表示对过去的推测 在 I think…/he thinks…的从句中,一定要用事实说话. (不能说成 “I think he must be a fool.” )must be的否定式为can’t be(不可能): Someone’s using the phone, it must be John.It can’t be John. He promised me he wouldn’t use it today.
must 推测句型 对现在的肯定推测 must do ≠ can't do 对过去的肯定推测 must have done ≠ can't have done
As
介词 “作为” As a young girl...
代词 “正如” As I learned, ...
连词 = because “由于” As I am busy...
连词 = when “当……时” As I was leaving the house,...
方式状语从句的引导词 Do as you are told. 叫你怎么做你就怎么做。
“作为……工作” I work as
...either ...or... 即不 ... 也不 ..., 要不 ... 要不 ...( 两者选一 )
eg. You either do your homework or go home. 你要不做你的作业要不回家。neither ... nor ... 都不 (两者都不 )
eg. You must neither do your homework nor go home. 你决不能做作业和回家。too ...to... 太 ... 以致于不能 He is too old to walk. 他太老了以致于不能走路。
在 I think, he thinks... 的从句中 , 一定要用事实说话in one's opinion = I thinkhave to do = necessaryYou have to go home = It is necessay for you to go home.It is...adj.+ to do...it 为形式主语“做某件事情”怎么样 ... It is troublesome to learn English. 学英语真麻烦。It is + adj.+for sb + to do sth. 某人做某事怎么样 ..for sb 为逻辑主语 It is difficult for me to learn English. 对我来说 , 学英语好难。
Grow and Grow up
grow vi. 生长,成长,发育
eg. Trees of the kind don’t grow in our country. How tall you’ve got! You’ve grown a lot.
grow up 长成,成熟(其被动态表示长大成人)
eg. Lucy has grown up a lot since I last saw her.
三、课文精讲
My aunt Jennifer is an actress.我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员。
aunt n. 姑姑 uncle n. 叔叔 ; actress n. 女演员 actor n. 男演员 ;以-ess结尾的是女性;以-or、-er结尾的是男性Actor/ actress waiter / waitress prince 王子/princess 公主 lion/ lioness doctor /woman doctor god 神/ goddess 女神 (God 上帝,注意 “G” 大写)
She must be at least thirty-five years old.她至少也有 35 岁了。
年龄的两种表示方法:① 数字+years old,作表语thirty-five years old
② 数字+-year-old,作定语my four-year-old daughtermust + 动词原形 不得不, 必须;(对现在的)推测
She must be a model.She must be fifteen years old. 她很可能五岁
She must be at most fifteen years old. 她最多十五
at least 至少, 最少 at most 最多
In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
尽管如此,她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。
appear v. 出现 登场 ; 扮演 ; reappear v. 再现 ; disappear v. 消失
appearance n. 外观 出现 ;
stage n. 舞台 阶段 步 步骤 戏剧 v. 举行 上演 举办 组织
on the stage 在舞台上
set the stage for sth. 使某事成为可能 为某事铺平道路 ;
young adj. 年轻的 = youthful adj. 青年的 青春的 年轻的 ≠ old
youth n. 青年 ; girl n. 女孩 boy 男孩
as prep. 以 ... 身份 : She works as a teacher.
in spite of 不管,尽管 (“of” 为介词, 后面一定会加名词、代词或从句)相当于 though, although 引导的让步状语从句In spite of this, I still like school. (school前不加“the”表示上学,加“the”只表示学校)
Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.
詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。
have to 不得不 join 参加了某一种团体
join sb./sth. join the army 参军 join the party 入党
join us (口语)加入我们(这个团体)中来
take part in 参加某一种活动take part in the race 参加比赛 take part in a play attend 出席 attend the meeting 参加会议, 出席会议attend the party 出席宴会attend the class 上课Thank you for your attending.谢谢大家的出席(到来)
This time, she will be a girl of seventeen.这一次,她将扮演一个 17 岁的少女。两种年龄的表达:She is eighteen years old./She is a girl of eighteen.
In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。
in (+颜色、衣服) 穿着……样的衣服,用介词短语取代动词,避免了一句话中出现两个动词The lady in black 穿着黑衣的女士 ; in prep. + 颜色 衣服 : 穿着 ... 衣服 , 用介词短语取代动词 , 避免了一句话中出现两个动词的尴尬 ; bright adj. 明亮的 ; dress n. 裙子 ; stockings 长筒袜 ; sock 短袜 ;
★ must do = have to do;
★ must be 对现在的肯定推测 ≠ can't be 对现在的否定推测
Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. 去年在演另一个剧时,她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。
wear-wore-worn v. 穿戴 , 表示一种状态 ; put on 穿上 戴上,表示动作 ; short socks 短袜 ; orange-coloured adj. 橘红色的 ; old-fashioned过时的 ; red-tailed 红尾巴的 ; orange- coloured adj.
★复合形容词构成 : 形容词 + 名词 + -ed ; 当一个词由多个定语修饰时 , 一般来说 , 冠词在其它定语之前 , 有多个形容词修饰时 , 它们的排列为 : 大小→形状→其它特点 : a red small round wood table 一个木头小圆红桌 , a small lovely beautiful girl in black dress 一个穿着黑色裙子可爱漂亮的小女孩(in black dress, 介词短语 , 句子 ( 定语从句 ) 作定语时放在被修饰词之后
If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'
一旦有人问起她有多大年纪,她总是回答:“亲爱的,长成大人真可怕啊!”
if 引导条件状语从句
ever adv. 曾经 , 用在一般现在时和将来时态中起强调作用
ever = at any time 任何时候 ( 时间副词 )
★ anyone pron. 不定代词 ( 不定代词作主语时 , 谓语动词用单数形式 ); ask v. 问 ; answer v. 回答 = reply
★ must be 对现在情况的一种肯定推测 ≠ can't be
★ It为形式主语 , 不定式 to be ... 为真正的主语 ; darling n. 亲爱的 = dear; grow-grew-grown v. 生长 grow up (人)成长 ; grown up 成长ever = at any time 任何时候(时间副词)be grown-up 作为一个成年人grow up (人)成长当有人问你年龄时,你可以这样回答:It is a secret. / It is privacy./I forget it.grown-up adj. 成熟的 成人的 = adult
★ how old she is, 间接引语作为 ask 的宾语 , 有特殊疑问词的句子构成从句的结构为 : 特殊疑问词 + 陈述句句序 : Someone asks, 'How old is she ' = Someone asks how old she is. S
he said, 'What are you doing ' = She wanted to know what you were doing.

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