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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
反意疑问句
一、反意疑问句的定义
反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称、时态应保持一致。
二、反意疑问句的构成
1. 肯定陈述句 + 否定疑问部分
例如：You are a student, aren't you
2. 否定陈述句 + 肯定疑问部分
例如：He isn't a teacher, is he
反义疑问句的疑问部分一般要与前面陈述句部分的时态、人称和谓语动词保持一致。
含be动词的情况
一般现在时：
“He is a student.”，疑问部分是“isn't he ”；
“They are happy.”，疑问部分是“aren't they ”。
一般过去时：
“She was at home yesterday.”，疑问部分是“wasn't she ”。
含助动词的情况
一般现在时（用do/does）：
“He does his homework every day.”，疑问部分是“doesn't he ”；
“They do sports in the morning.”，疑问部分是“don't they ”。
一般过去时（用did）：
“She did her best in the exam.”，疑问部分是“didn't she ”。
现在完成时（用have/has）：
“He has been to Beijing.”，疑问部分是“hasn't he ”；
“They have finished the work.”，疑问部分是“haven't they ”。
过去完成时（用had）：
“She had left when I arrived.”，疑问部分是“hadn't she ”。
含情态动词的情况
例如，“He can swim.”，疑问部分是“can't he ”；
“They should help others.”，疑问部分是“shouldn't they ”。
三、反意疑问句的回答
1. 依据事实回答
- 反义疑问句回答的基本规律是按照事实来回答。如果事实是肯定的，就用“Yes”回答；如果事实是否定的，就用“No”回答。例如：“You are a student, aren't you ”如果是学生，就回答“Yes, I am.”；如果不是学生，就回答“No, I'm not.”。
2. 翻译注意事项
- 特别要注意的是，在反义疑问句的回答中，中英文的逻辑可能会有差异。
中文里“是”和“不是”主要是针对前面陈述句部分进行判断，而英语中的“Yes”和“No”是针对后面的疑问部分来回答的。
比如对于“He doesn't like math, does he ”如果他确实不喜欢数学，英语回答是“Yes, he doesn't like math.”（注意这里Yes翻译成“是”，但在逻辑上和中文习惯不太一样）；如果他喜欢数学，就回答“No, he likes math.”。不过更自然的英语回答是直接说“Yes, he does.”（他喜欢）或者“No, he doesn't.”（他不喜欢）。
四、反意疑问句的特殊情况
1. 当陈述句中含有 never、few、little、nothing、nobody、no one 等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分要用肯定形式。
例如：He has never been to Beijing, has he
There is little water in the bottle, is there
2. 当陈述句的主语是 this/that/these/those 时，疑问部分的主语用 it 或 they。
例如：This is a book, isn't it
Those are apples, aren't they
3. 当陈述句的主语是everyone、everybody、someone、somebody等时，疑问部分的主语一般用they。例如“Everybody likes music, don't they ”。
当主语是everything、anything、nothing等时，疑问部分的主语一般用it。
例如“Everything is ready, isn't it ”。
4. 当陈述句是 there be 句型时，疑问部分用 be there 的相应形式。
例如：There is a book on the desk, isn't there
There are some students in the classroom, aren't there
5. 当陈述句的谓语动词是 have/has/had to（不得不）时，疑问部分用助动词 do/does/did。
例如：She has to go home now, doesn't she
They had to finish the work yesterday, didn't they
6. 当陈述句的谓语动词是 have/has/had（表示“有”）时，疑问部分可以用 have/has/had 的相应形式，也可以用助动词 do/does/did。
例如：She has a pen, hasn't she / doesn't she
They had a good time yesterday, didn't they / hadn't they
当主句的谓语动词是think、believe、suppose、imagine、expect等表示“认为、相信、猜想”等意思，且主语是第一人称（I或We）时，如果从句是否定意义，通常将否定词移到主句中。例如：“I think he is not right.”变成“I don't think he is right.”。在构成反义疑问句时，要根据从句来提问。比如：“I don't think he is right, is he ”（我认为他不对，他对吗？）而不是根据主句的否定形式来提问。再如：“We don't believe she can come, can she ”
祈使句的反义疑问句：
肯定祈使句：“Let's... ”开头的祈使句，疑问部分用“shall we ”，
例如“Let's go for a walk, shall we ”；
如果是“Let us... ”开头，疑问部分用“will you ”，
如“Let us play football, will you ”；
其他肯定祈使句（如“Be quiet.”），疑问部分用“will you ”或“won't you ”，如“Be quiet, will you ”。
否定祈使句（Don't... ）：疑问部分用“will you ”，
例如“Don't be late, will you ”。
练习题
一．填空
1. He is a doctor, ________
2. She isn't a nurse, ________
3. They have a new car, ________
4. There is some water in the bottle, ________
5. Everyone likes music, ________
6. This is your book, ________
7. Those are their pens, ________
8. She has to go to school today, ________
9. He had a great time at the party, ________
10. There are few apples on the table, ________
11. I don't think he is a good student, ________
12. We don't believe she can finish the work on time, ________
13. I don't suppose they have known the news, ________
14. We don't expect it will rain tomorrow, ________
15. I don't imagine he is happy with the result, ________
Pass me the salt,________
Let's go shopping, ________
Don't talk in class, ________
Open the window, ________
Let us play basketball, ________
二．选择题
1. A: He isn't a good singer, is he
B: ____. He won a singing competition last year.
Yes, he is. B. No, he isn't. C. Yes, he isn't.
2. A: She can speak French, can't she
B: ____. She learned it when she was in school.
No, she can't. B. Yes, she can. C. Yes, she can't.
3. A: There is little water in the bottle, is there
B: ____. We need to get some more.
Yes, there is. B. No, there isn't. C. Yes, there isn't.
4. A: I don't think he will come, will he
B: ____. He told me he was too busy.
Yes, he will. B. No, he won't. C. Yes, he won't.
5. A: Everyone likes ice - cream, don't they
B: ____. Some people may not like it because of the cold.
Yes, they do. B. No, they don't. C. It depends.
6. A: You seldom go to the cinema, do you
B: ____. I'm more of a home-body.
Yes, I do. B. No, I don't. C. Yes, I don't.
A: They have already left, haven't they
B: ____. I saw them at the station just now.
A. Yes, they have. B. No, they haven't. C. Yes, they haven't.
8. A: You don't like chocolate, do you
B: ____. I had two pieces earlier.
A. Yes, I do. B. No, I don't. C. Yes, I don't.
9. A: She isn't going to the party, is she
B: ____. She told me she's looking forward to it.
A. Yes, she is. B. No, she isn't. C. Yes, she isn't.
10. A: They can't speak French, can they B: ____. They are both French teachers.
A. Yes, they can. B. No, they can't. C. Yes, they can't.
11. A: You haven't finished your homework, have you
B: ____. I finished it this morning.
A. Yes, I have. B. No, I haven't. C. Yes, I haven't.
12. A: He isn't coming to the meeting, is he
B: ____. He called to say he's running late.
A. Yes, he is. B. No, he isn't. C. Yes, he isn't.
13. A: You don't have any siblings, do you
B: ____. I have an older brother and a younger sister.
Yes, I do. B. No, I don't. C. Yes, I don't.
A: They aren't bringing their own food, are they
B: ____. They said they would bring a dish to share.
A. Yes, they are. B. No, they aren't. C. Yes, they aren't.
15. A: She won't be able to solve the problem, will she
B: ____. She's an expert in that area.
Yes, she will. B. No, she won't. C. Yes, she won't.
答案：
一、填空
1. isn't he
解析：反意疑问句，前肯后否，陈述部分 be 动词是 is，主语是 he，所以疑问部分为 isn't he。
2. is she
解析：前否后肯，陈述部分 be 动词是 isn't，主语是 she，疑问部分是 is she。
3. don't they
解析：前肯后否，have 在这里是实义动词“有”，主语是 they，助动词用 don't。
4. isn't there
解析：前肯后否，there be 句型的反意疑问句，be 动词是 is，所以是 isn't there。
5. don't they
解析：everyone 作主语，反意疑问句主语通常用 they，前肯后否，谓语动词 likes 是实义动词，助动词用 don't。
6. isn't it
解析：指示代词 this 作主语，反意疑问句用 it 代替，前肯后否，be 动词是 is。
7. aren't they
解析：指示代词 those 作主语，用 they 代替，前肯后否，be 动词是 are。
8. doesn't she
解析：has to 在这里是“不得不”，主语是 she，助动词用 does，前肯后否。
9. didn't he
解析：had 在这里是实义动词 have 的过去式，主语是 he，前肯后否，助动词用 didn't。
10. are there
解析：few 表示“几乎没有”，是否定意义，前否后肯，there be 句型，be 动词是 are。
11. is he
解析：I don't think 这种否定前置的句子，反意疑问句以从句为准，从句是否定句，前否后肯，从句主语是 he，be 动词是 is。
12. can she
解析：同 11，以从句为准，从句是否定句，前否后肯，从句主语是 she，助动词是 can。
13. have they
解析：同 11，以从句为准，从句是否定句，前否后肯，从句主语是 they，助动词是 have。
14. will it
解析：同 11，以从句为准，从句是否定句，前否后肯，从句主语是 it，助动词是 will。
15. is he
解析：同 11，以从句为准，从句是否定句，前否后肯，从句主语是 he，be 动词是 is。
16. will you
解析：祈使句的反意疑问句，以 Pass 开头，是肯定祈使句，用 will you。
17. shall we
解析：Let's 开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用 shall we。
18. will you
解析：否定祈使句，反意疑问句用 will you。
19. will you
解析：肯定祈使句，反意疑问句用 will you。
20. will you
解析：Let us... 表示请求许可，反意疑问句用 will you。
二、选择题
1. A
解析：根据答语“He won a singing competition last year.”可知他是个好歌手，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
2. B
解析：根据“She learned it when she was in school.”可知她会说法语，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 B。
3. B
解析：“little”表示几乎没有，是否定意义，根据“We need to get some more.”可知瓶子里没水了，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 B。
4. B
解析：根据“He told me he was too busy.”可知他不会来，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 B。
5. C
解析：根据“Some people may not like it because of the cold.”可知不是所有人都喜欢冰淇淋，回答“Everyone...”这种反意疑问句时，用 It depends（视情况而定）合适。
6. B
解析：“seldom”表示很少，是否定意义，根据“I'm more of a home - body.”可知很少去电影院，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 B。
7. A
解析：根据“I saw them at the station just now.”可知他们已经离开了，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
8. A
解析：根据“I had two pieces earlier.”可知喜欢巧克力，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
9. A
解析：根据“She told me she's looking forward to it.”可知她要去派对，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
10. A
解析：根据“They are both French teachers.”可知他们会说法语，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
11. A
解析：根据“I finished it this morning.”可知完成作业了，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
12. A
解析：根据“He called to say he's running late.”可知他要来开会，只是会迟到，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
13. A解析：根据“I have an older brother and a younger sister.”可知有兄弟姐妹，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
14. A解析：根据“They said they would bring a dish to share.”可知他们要带食物，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。
15. A解析：根据“She's an expert in that area.”可知她能解决问题，回答反意疑问句时，yes 后接肯定，no 后接否定，所以选 A。

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