资源简介 新概念第二册Lesson 29 Taxi !单词精讲taxi /'teksi/【释义】n.出租汽车【搭配】出租汽车taxi driver take a taxi,take a bus,take a lift【例句】I went there by taxi.我乘出租车到了那里。Pilatus Porter /platas 'po:ta/皮勒特斯·波特(飞机机名)land /land/【释义】vi.①着陆,降落【例句】When are welanding 我们什么时候着陆 【释义】②上岸【例句】They landed at London from the ship.他们在伦敦离船上岸。【释义】vt.①使着陆,使降落,使上岸【例句】The pilot landed the plane safely.飞行员使飞机安全着陆。【释义】②使陷入【例句】His laziness landed him in trouble.懒惰使他陷入了麻烦之中。【释义】n.①陆地;地面;土地②国家,国土【例句】He has lived in many lands.他在许多国家待过。【辨析】land,earth,soil,ground,floor1.land陆地We are glad to be on land after the long voyage.(经过漫长的航行后,我们很高兴回到陆地上。)2.earthThe earth rotates around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)3.soil土壤Good soil is very important for farming.(良好的土壤对耕种非常重要。)4. ground地面(室外的)The children are playing on the ground.(孩子们正在户外的地面上玩耍。)5.floor地板(室内的)He swept the floor carefully.(他仔细地清扫地板。)plough /plau/【释义】ut.耕地【例句】They plough the fields before the winter.他们在冬天来临前耕地。【释义】vi.用犁耕田,耕 n.犁【例句】Farmers plough in autumn or spring.农民在秋天或春天耕田。plough throughi缓慢(或费力)地通过,费劲地阅读【搭配】plough up(用犁)开垦;轧翻【链接】hoe锄 spade锹 shovel铲lonely /lounli/【释义】adj.①偏僻的,人迹罕至的【例句】It's alonely mountain village.这是个荒凉偏僻的山村。【释义】②孤独的,寂寞的【例句】She was lonely in the city on her own.她一个人住在城里很孤单。【辨析】lonely, alone1.lonely孤独的,寂寞的,强调情感,既可以作表语也可以作定语。He feels lonely because he has no friends here.(他感到孤独,因为他在这里没有朋友。)alone独处的,单独的,强调客观状态,只能作表语不能作定语。She was alone in the room.(她独自一人在房间里。)Welsh /welf/【释义】adj.威尔士的roof /ru:f/【释义】n。楼顶,屋顶,顶部【例句】The roof has a hole in it and the rain comes in.屋顶上有个洞,雨水漏了进来。【联想】roof→ root /ru:t/ n.根源block /blpk/'【释义】n..①一座大楼【例句】There are twenty flats in this block. 这座大楼有20套公寓。【释义】②块,片(木、石等)【例句】Grandfather pointed to a block of wood.爷爷指着一块木头。【释义】③街区【例句】My office is four1blocks from here.我的办公室距离这儿有四个街区。【释义】④障碍物【例句】Lack of training acts as a block to progress in a career缺乏训练会妨碍事业的发展。【释义】vt.阻塞,妨碍【例句】The road was blocked by snow.路被雪堵上了【链接】village村庄 town城镇 country乡村suburb郊区 district地区 city城市downtown市中心【辨析】block, hinder, prevent1.block指完全堵塞(住),即停止,语气较重。A big stone blocked the road, so no cars could pass.一块大石头完全堵住了道路,所以车辆无法通行。2.hinder是指中途“阻止”,或在进行中增添麻烦,制造困难,语气较重。The heavy rain hindered our progress during the journey.大雨在旅途中阻碍了我们的行进。3.prevent是指事先“阻止”,即预防、防止或以某种事物阻止某人某事前进或做某事。Wearing a seatbelt can prevent drivers from getting seriously injured in accidents.系安全带能防止司机在事故中受重伤。flat /flat/【释义】n.公寓房【例句】They have a flat in the centre of town 他们在市中心有一套公寓房。【释义】adj.①平的,扁平的,平伸的,平坦的【例句】There is no flat land here.这儿没有平地。【释义】②平淡的,单调的【例句】Her voice was flat and expressionless.她的声音平淡而呆板。【联想】flat→ flatter//flato/v.奉承【辨析】flat, level1.flat指表面平坦,没有凹凸,不一定是水平的面,它只形容“面”。The table has a flat surface.这张桌子有一个平坦的表面。2.level指水平的、无倾斜的,它既可以形容“面”,也可以形容“线”。Draw a level line on the paper. 在纸上画一条水平线。desert /dr'z3:t/【释义】vt.①废弃,抛弃,遗弃【例句】He deserted his wife and children.他遗弃了妻儿。【释义】②擅离(职守等)【例句】 The guard was punished for ideserting his post.卫兵因擅离职守而受到处罚。【释义】vi.逃跑,开小差【例句】The soldierdeserted. 那个士兵开了小差【联想】desert → deserve /dr'z3:v/v.应该得到【辨析】desert, discard, abandon1.desert是通过离开的方式而抛弃,人走掉。He deserted his family and disappeared.他抛弃了家人然后消失了。2.discard往往是抛弃一样具体的东西,如废纸等,也就是把物扔掉。Please discard the waste paper into the bin.请把废纸扔进垃圾桶。3.abandon指因外界压力和影响而放弃自己负有责任或感兴趣的东西,或者放弃一个项目等。The company had to abandon the project due to lack of funds.由于缺乏资金,公司不得不放弃这个项目。重点句型一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时往往强调动作本身,而现在完成时则表示始于过去并持续到现在的动作或表示过去不确定的时间发生过的并与现在有某种联系的动作。一般过去时的用法1.用来表示明确过去时间发生的动作或存在的状况。例如:I bought some fruits yesterday.我昨天买了一些水果。--- Where were you last week 上周你在哪儿 --- I was at my uncle's home in the countryside.(上周)我在乡下的叔叔家。有些情况,发生时间没有明确标明,但实际上是过去发的,应用过去时态;另外,在谈到已故去的人时,也多用过去时。例如:He bought a cat, and now they are good friends.他买了一只猫,现在他们是好朋友了。Lu Xun was a great writer.鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。与一般过去时连用的时间状语有yesterday, last night, last week, four days ago, in 2002, just now, the day before yesterday等明确的过去时间状语。现在完成时的用法1.表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响且强调对现在造成的影响,不能表明动作发生的具体的过去时间,可与already、yet、just、before、recently、lately等模糊的过去时间状语用,例如:The car has already arrived.车子来了。(结果:车子已在门口)She has broken the window before.她之前把窗户打破了。(结果:窗户仍破着)2. 表示一个动作从过去开始发生,持续到现在,并且有可能继续持续下去,可以和表示时间段的时间状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点/一般过去时的句子、疑问词how long等。例如:My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。Mr. Black has lived inChinasince 2002.自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。How long have you been here 你来这里多久了 注意:此种用法中表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性词。例如:(1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。错误:I have bought the book for three months.正确:I have had the book for three months.(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了 错误:How long has your brother joined the army 正确:How long has your brother been in the army延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换leave --- be awayborrow --- keepbuy --- havedie --- be deadfinish --- be overfall ill ---be illcatch a cold --- have a coldput on→ wearfall asleep --- be asleepget to know --- knowjoin----be a member of ...open ---be openclose ---be closed一般过去时和现在完成时的区别1.侧重点不同现在完成时侧重于过去完成的事情对现在的影响,不能指明动作发生的明确过去时间,因而不能与明确过去时间状语连用;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个或某段具体时间。即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。例如:I have seen the film.我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容)I saw the film three days ago.三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影)Mr Green has bought a new computer.格林先生买了一台新电脑。(格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天)2. 时间状语不同现在完成时常与already, yet, just, ever, never, before等模糊的过去时间状语或“for+段时间”,“since+过去时间/从句”等表示时间段的时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与“一段时间+ago”,just now, yesterday, last week等明确过去时间状语连用。例如:She has lived here since two years ago.她两年前就住在这里了。She lived here two years ago.两年前她住在这里。[实战演练]1. -I have seen the film “Titanic”already.-When __________ you __________ it -The day before yesterday.A. have; seen B. will; see C. did; see D. did; seen2. Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live3. We ___________ trees last Sunday. So far we __________ over 3,000 trees there.A. planted; planted B. planted; have plantedC. have planted; planted D. have planted; have plantedkey:1.C 2.B 3.B课文精讲Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.本·弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车,并开始了一项新的业务。★ has bought 现在完成时 [ have/has done] 迄今为止这一段时间的情况,或一个影响现状的动作 ;buy-bought-bought v. 买 ;begin-beganbegun v. 开始 = start ;taxi n. 出租车 ;unusual adj. 不寻常的≠ usual adj. 寻常的 ;serve v. 接待 服务server n. 服务员 服务器servant 服务员 仆人 (civil servant 公务员 ) service n. 服务;captain n. 船长 机长 ;The 'taxi' is a small Swiss aeroplane called a 'Pilatus Porter'.这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机,叫“皮勒特斯·波特”号。called a ‘Pilatus Porter’是过去分词短语,作aeroplane的定语。一般过去分词短语作定语时要放在所修饰的名词/代词之后,而一个单独的分词作定语时则往往放在所修饰的名词/代词前面。He landed in a deserted car park.a race across the Atlanticcall sb. sth. 叫某人……be called 被称为……过去分词做定语时是作为被动状态来翻译的a ploughed field 被耕过的田;a deserted car park 被废弃的车场written English 书面语 ;spoken English 口语colloquial language 口语This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.这架奇妙的飞机可以载 7 名乘客。wonderful adj. 美妙的 奇妙的 ;wonder v. ;carry v. 运 送 载客;passenger n. 乘客;The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.然而,最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落:雪地上,水面上,甚至刚耕过的田里。★ surprising 现在分词作定语,令人惊奇的,surprised 过去分词 感到惊奇的be surprised to do 非常惊讶做某事 ;however adv. 但是 然而 ;land v. 着陆;[ 表语从句 ] that 引导的从句作为本句的表语 ;about it, it 指代 the aeroplane 介词短语作后置定语,修饰 thing;plough n. 犁 v. 耕;ploughed field 耕过的田;farm n. 农田;water n. 水 ; snow 雪 rain 雨 ;Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.弗西特机长的第一名乘客是位医生,他从伯明翰飞往威尔士山区一个偏僻的村庄。doctor n. 医生 ;who 引导定语从句修饰 doctor;fly-flew-flown v. 飞 ;fly from...to... 从 ... 飞往 ...;Welsh adj. 威尔士的 ;lonely adj. 孤独的人迹罕至的 偏僻的 ; alone, She is alone( 事实客观);She feel lonely 主观;mountain n. 大山 hill 小山 丘陵 ;Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.从那时开始,弗西特机长已经载送乘客到过许多不寻常的地方。since then 从那时起(强调起点)so far =up to now 强调终点★fly ① vi. 飞,飞行② vt. 空运(乘客)fly sb./sth. To… 开飞机送某人/物去……He has flown his car to France.drive sb. to… 开车送某人去……Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.一次,他把飞机降落在了一栋公寓楼的屋顶上;还有一次,降落在了一个废弃的停车场上。once adv. 曾经 过去有一次;roof n. 楼顶 ceiling 天花板;a block 一座大楼;flat n. 公寓房 = apartment ; a block of flats;car park 停车场 ;desert v. 废弃 抛弃 n. 沙漠 ; deserter n. 逃兵 开小差的人 ;on another occasion/time 还有一次;land v. 降落 着陆 n. 土地 大陆 地产 ;once…and on another occasion 一次……还有一次……Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。refuse v. 拒绝 refuse to do sth. ;refusal n. 拒绝 回绝;decline v. 谢绝 ;deny v. 否认deny doing/that 从句;request n. 要求 v. 请求 要求;request from sb. 来自某人的请求request for sth. 要求得到The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did not take him because the trip was too dangerous.这个人想要飞往大西洋上的一个孤岛——罗卡尔岛,弗西特机长之所以不送他去,是因为那段飞行太危险了。island n. 岛;the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 ;dangerous adj. 危险的danger n. 危险 ;★ because 因为 + 从句, because of + 名词 :because of the danger of this trip ;trip n. 旅行;very 强调程度深 too 强调程度大到了人们不愿去做;★take sb. to somewhere 送某人去某地;take v. 拿 - 从某地某人处带走 , 离说话人越来越远;bring v. 带来 - 由某处带来某物,离说话人越来越近;fetch v. 取来 - 去某地取某物并带回 , 双向运动; 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览