新概念第二册 Lesson 42 Not very musical 讲义

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新概念第二册 Lesson 42 Not very musical 讲义

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新概念第二册
Lesson 42 Not very musical
单词精讲
musical ['mju:zik l] a.精通音乐的
词源:源于名词“music”(音乐),加上后缀“-al”,“-al”常用来将名词转化为形容词,表示“与……有关的”。
搭配:musical instrument”(乐器),“musical talent”(音乐天赋),“musical performance”(音乐表演)等。
She has a great musical talent.(她有很高的音乐天赋。)
The musical performance last night was amazing.(昨晚的音乐表演很精彩。)
market ['mɑ:kit] n.市场,集市
(1)市场,集市:
I bought some fresh fruits at the local market this morning.
(今天早上我在当地的集市买了一些新鲜水果。)
The market is always crowded on weekends.(周末市场总是很拥挤。)
(2)(商品的)市场,销路,需求:
There is a big market for smart phones in this country.(这个国家对智能手机有很大的市场需求。)
Our new product has found a good market overseas.(我们的新产品在海外找到了良好的销路。)
snake[sneik] n.蛇 玩蛇者(通常借音乐控制)
作为名词,主要的意思是“蛇”。例如:
I saw a snake in the garden.(我在花园里看到了一条蛇。)
它也有“阴险的人;卑鄙的人”的引申义,但这种用法比较口语化和带有贬义。
He is a snake in the grass.(他是个阴险的人。)
当表示“玩蛇者(通常借音乐控制)”时,这是一种比较特殊的用法,在一些文化语境中存在,
The snake charmer made the snake dance to his music.
(玩蛇者让蛇随着他的音乐舞动。)
pipe[paip] n.(吹奏地)管乐器
搭配:“play the pipe”(吹奏管乐器)
He can play the pipe very well.(他能很好地吹奏管乐器。)
“blow into a pipe”(向管乐器里吹气)
You need to blow into the pipe gently.(你需要轻轻地向管乐器里吹气。)
用于描述管乐器的组成部分或相关事物:
“pipe mouthpiece”(管乐器的吹嘴)
The pipe mouthpiece was made of brass.(这个管乐器的吹嘴是黄铜制成的。)
复数:当表示“管乐器”时,复数形式为“pipes”。
The band has many different kinds of pipes.(这个乐队有很多不同种类的管乐器。)
tune [tju:n, tu:n] n.曲调
搭配:与动词搭配:“sing a tune”(唱一首曲子),例如:She sang a beautiful tune at the concert.(她在音乐会上唱了一首美妙的曲子。)
“play a tune”(演奏一首曲子),例如:He played a lovely tune on his flute.(他用长笛演奏了一首可爱的曲子。)
与介词搭配:“in tune”(协调,一致),例如:The orchestra played in perfect tune.(管弦乐队演奏得非常协调。)
“out of tune”(走调,不协调),例如:The singer was out of tune during the performance.(歌手在表演时走调了。)
复数:tune的复数形式是“tunes”,例如:I love listening to old tunes from the 1960s.(我喜欢听20世纪60年代的老曲子。)
glimpse[glimps] n.一瞥
搭配:常与动词“catch”或“get”搭配,构成“catch/get a glimpse of”结构,表示“瞥见;看一眼”。例如:
She was so lucky to get a glimpse of the beautiful sunset.
(她很幸运能瞥见美丽的日落。)
也可以和介词“of”搭配,引出瞥见的对象,如:
A glimpse of his face showed his surprise.(瞥见他的脸就看出他的惊讶。)
同义词与反义词
同义词:glance(扫视,匆匆一看),peek(偷看,窥视)。
反义词:stare(凝视,注视),gaze(凝视,注视),因为“stare”和“gaze”表示长时间、专注地看,与“glimpse”短暂的一看相反。
movement['mu:vm nt]n.动作
词源:源自“move”这个动词,加上后缀 -ment构成名词形式。“move”源自古法语“mover”,表示“移动、使变动”等意思,“movement”则强调移动、变动的状态或过程等相关概念。
词义:
当表示“动作”时,它指身体或物体的运动方式。例如:
His movement was so graceful that everyone was attracted.
(他的动作如此优雅,以至于每个人都被吸引了。)
表示“移动;迁移”
The movement of the population from rural to urban areas is a global trend.
(人口从农村向城市地区的迁移是一个全球趋势。)
表示“运动(指政治、社会等方面的有组织的活动)
The civil rights movement had a great impact on American society.
(民权运动对美国社会产生了巨大的影响。)
表示“(音乐、诗歌等的)乐章;韵律”
The second movement of the symphony is very slow.(交响乐的第二乐章非常缓慢。)
搭配:搭配
与动词搭配:
“control one's movement”(控制某人的动作)
The dancer can control her movements very well.
(这位舞者能很好地控制自己的动作。)
“observe someone's movement”(观察某人的动作),例如:The coach observed the players' movements carefully.(教练仔细观察运动员们的动作。)
与形容词搭配:
“smooth movement”(流畅的动作)
The robot has very smooth movements.(这个机器人有非常流畅的动作。)
“sudden movement”(突然的动作)
A sudden movement in the bushes startled her.(灌木丛中的突然动作吓了她一跳。)
复数形式:复数形式为“movements”。
The different movements in the dance were all very interesting.(舞蹈中的不同动作都非常有趣。)
continue[k n'tinju:]v.继续
词源:“con -”表示“一起、共同”,“tinua re”表示“保持、持有”,合起来表示“使持续、使不间断”的意思。
词义:为动词,“continue”最基本的意思是“继续”。
表示不间断地进行某事
He continued his work without taking a break.(他没有休息继续工作。)
也可以表示在中断之后重新开始某事
After a short rest, they continued the journey.(短暂休息之后,他们继续旅程。)
还可以表示某种状态、情况等的延续,例如:
The rain continued for three days.(雨持续下了三天。)
搭配:与介词搭配:
“continue with”,表示“继续某事”,例如:
We will continue with our plan.(我们将继续我们的计划。)
“continue on”,表示“继续向前(常指旅程等)”,例如:
They continued on their way to the top of the mountain.(他们继续向山顶前行。)
与动词不定式搭配:
“continue to do sth.”,例如:
She continued to sing after the applause.(掌声之后她继续唱歌。)
与动名词搭配:continue doing sth.
He continued reading the book.(他继续读那本书。)
同义词与反义词
同义词:proceed(继续进行,尤指在停顿之后)、persist(坚持,持续存在,常指不顾困难或反对而继续)。
反义词:stop(停止)、cease(停止,常指完全停止或终止某种状态或活动)。
dance [dɑ:ns] v.跳舞
词义:作为动词,“dance”主要表示“跳舞”的动作。例如:
She loves to dance to the music.(她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。)
它也可以表示物体的跳动或晃动
The leaves danced in the wind.(树叶在风中舞动。)
作为名词,“dance”可以指舞蹈、舞会或舞曲。例如:
The dance was very lively.(这个舞蹈非常活泼。)
We are going to a dance tonight.(我们今晚要去参加一个舞会。)
This is my favorite dance.(这是我最喜欢的舞曲。)
搭配
与介词搭配:
“dance with”,表示与某人共舞
He danced with his sister at the party.(他在派对上和他的姐姐跳舞。)
“dance to”,表示随着(音乐)跳舞
They danced to the rhythm of the drums.(他们随着鼓点跳舞。)
与形容词搭配:
“slow dance”,表示“慢舞”
They danced a slow dance at the wedding.(他们在婚礼上跳了一支慢舞。)
“folk dance”,表示“民间舞蹈”,例如:
The group performed a traditional folk dance.(这个团体表演了一个传统的民间舞蹈。)
同义词与反义词:同义词与反义词
同义词:“step”,通常指舞步或脚步的移动
She learned some new dance steps.(她学了一些新的舞步。)
“hop”,表示单脚跳或小步跳跃:
The children hopped around the room.(孩子们在房间里跳来跳去。)
反义词:
“stand still”,表示静止不动
Instead of dancing, he stood still.(他没有跳舞,而是站着不动。)
“sit”,表示坐下
After dancing for a while, she sat down to rest.(跳了一会儿舞后,她坐下来休息。)
二、重点句型
have +名词代替普通动词
它既可以表示“具有”、“拥有”,又可以表示 eat, drink, enjoy, take等含义:
表示“具有”、“拥有”的句子
She has long hair.(她有一头长发。)
He has a big house.(他有一所大房子。)
表示eat, drink, enjoy, take等含义的句子
Have an apple, it's delicious.(吃个苹果吧,它很美味。相当于eat an apple)
Let's have a cup of tea.(咱们喝杯茶吧。相当于drink a cup of tea)
We had a great time at the party.(我们在聚会上玩得很开心。相当于enjoyed a great time at the party)
I'll have a shower.(我要洗个澡。相当于take a shower)
have的另一种用法是 have+名词代替普通动词表示“完成该动作”:类似的动词还有dance, fight, look, rest, ride, talk, sleep, swim, wash等。
一般完全动词的用法也适用于have:
I have a dance every Friday night.(我每周五晚上跳一次舞。)
They had a fight yesterday.(他们昨天打了一架。)
She has a look at the new book.(她看了一眼这本新书。)
We had a rest after a long walk.(我们长途步行后休息了一下。)
He has a ride on his new bike every weekend.(他每个周末骑他的新自行车。)
They are having a talk in the living room.(他们正在客厅谈话。)
She had a sleep for two hours.(她睡了两个小时。)
I had a swim in the pool this morning.(我今天上午在游泳池里游了泳。)
He has a wash before going to bed.(他睡觉前洗了个澡。)
(情态动词+have)
must + have
He must have left his keys at home.(他一定是把钥匙落在家里了。)
should + have
You should have studied harder for the exam.(你本应该更努力地为考试学习的。)
could + have
She could have passed the test if she had been more careful.
(如果她更仔细一些的话,她本可以通过考试的。)
might + have
They might have gone to the park, but I'm not sure.
(他们可能去公园了,但我不确定。)
三、课文精讲
…we stopped at a square to have a rest.……我们在一个广场上停下来休息。
stop 后面跟不定式时,表示停下其他活动去做不定式表示的动作:On the way to the station, I stopped to buy a paper.在去车站的路上,我停下来买了张报纸。stop后面如果跟动名词形式,则表示停止该动作:I've stopped buying newspapers我已不再买报纸了。How can we stop him complaining 我们如何才能让他不抱怨呢?
after a time, 过了一会儿,不久以后。
time在这里表示“(一段)时间”:He lived abroad for a long time.他在国外生活了很长时间。I saw him a short time ago.我刚才还看见他了。After a time, the dog stopped following me.过了一会儿,那条狗便不再跟着我了。
…we had our first glimpse of the snake. ……我们才第一次看到了那条蛇。glimpse表示“一瞥”、“一看”,是可数名词,常用于下列短语中:have/ get a glimpse of, catch a glimpse of, take a glimpse at:He took a glimpse at the‘No Parking’signs outside Jasper's gate and parked his car there.他瞥了一眼贾斯珀家大门外边的那些“禁止停车”的牌子,然后把车停在了那里。(有意识的、短暂的动作)This afternoon I caught/got/had a glimpse of Debbie and Dan walking together in the park.今天下午我瞥见黛比和丹一起在公园里散步。(无意的、短暂的动作)
It obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz! 显然,它分辨不出印度音乐和爵士乐!
tell表示“辨别”、“分辨”、“识别”时常与 can,could,be able to连用。表达这些意义时,tell可以单独使用,也可以与from构成词组:
Can you tell the difference between the two pictures
(你能辨别这两幅画之间的差别吗?)
I could tell from his accent that he was not a local.
(我能从他的口音分辨出他不是本地人。)
She is able to tell good wine from bad.(她能够识别好酒和坏酒。)
(2)表示两者之间的“差别”、“差异”时常用 difference between:
在有些情况下也可以不跟 between:
There is a big difference between living in the city and living in the country.
(住在城市和住在乡村之间有很大的差别。)
The difference between these two theories is quite obvious.
(这两种理论之间的差异相当明显。)

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