资源简介 新概念第二册Lesson 45 A clear conscience单词精讲clear (title) /kli / adj.无罪的,不亏心的辨析:与“innocent”相比,“clear”更强调一种没有被指责、没有嫌疑的状态,而“innocent”更多地侧重于本身就是清白的、无辜的这一内在性质。He was clear of the charge.(他没有受到指控。)“innocent”则可以说“He is an innocent man.(他是个无辜的人。)”搭配:“be clear of”,表示“没有,摆脱(不好的事物,如嫌疑、罪责等)”。He is clear of all debts.(他没有任何债务了,这里引申为在债务方面是‘无罪的’)keep one's name clear(保持名声清白)He always tries to keep his name clear in the business world.(他总是试图在商界保持自己的名声清白。)savings (1.3)/'seivi z/ n.存款辨析:与“saving”(单数形式)相比,“savings”更强调储蓄的总额或储蓄的行为。例如:Saving money is a good habit.(省钱是个好习惯。)这里的“saving”指的是省钱的行为;而“I used my savings to buy a new car.”(我用我的存款买了一辆新车。)中的“savings”指的是存款的总额。搭配:savings account(储蓄账户)She opened a savings account to save for her college education.(她开了一个储蓄账户为上大学存钱。)savings bank(储蓄银行)Many people prefer to deposit their savings in a savings bank.(许多人喜欢把存款存在储蓄银行。)savings rate(储蓄率)The savings rate in this country has been increasing steadily.(这个国家的储蓄率一直在稳步上升。)conscience (title)/'k n ns/ n.良心,道德心引申:在一些语境下,“conscience”可以表示“良知”,强调一种超越法律和社会规范的内在道德认知。例如:She followed her conscience and helped the poor man.(她遵循自己的良知帮助了那个穷人。)搭配:have a clear conscience(问心无愧)He can sleep well at night because he has a clear conscience.(他晚上能睡得很好,因为他问心无愧。)a guilty conscience(内疚,有愧于心)His guilty conscience made him confess his crime.(他的内疚使他承认了自己的罪行。)on one's conscience(使某人良心不安)The thought of lying to her mother was on her conscience.(对母亲说谎的想法使她良心不安。)villager (1.4)/'vilid / n.村民词源:villager”源自“village”这个单词,“village”来自古法语“village”,而其最初又来源于拉丁语“villa”,意为“乡村住宅”或“农场”。因此,“villager”的词源可以追溯到拉丁语,表示居住在乡村住宅或农场附近的人。搭配:villager autonomy”(村民自治)Villager autonomy is an important part of rural development.(村民自治是农村发展的重要组成部分。)villager committee(村民委员会)The villager committee is responsible for village affairs.(村民委员会负责村务。)villager representative(村民代表)The villager representative attends the meeting on behalf of the villagers.(村民代表代表村民参加会议。)wallet (1.2)/'w lit/n.皮夹,钱夹引申义:在现代语境下,“wallet”也可引申为“电子钱包”或“数字钱包”,指的是一种通过电子设备(如手机)进行支付和管理资金的工具。She uses her mobile wallet to pay for online shopping.(她使用手机钱包进行网上购物支付。)搭配:leather wallet(皮质钱包)He bought a new leather wallet.(他买了一个新的皮质钱包。)digital wallet(数字钱包)Digital wallets are becoming more and more popular.(数字钱包变得越来越流行。)wallet chain(钱包链)The wallet chain is used to prevent the wallet from being stolen.(钱包链用于防止钱包被偷。)per cent (1.8)/p' sent/百分之……词源:“per cent”由拉丁语“per”(每)和“centum”(百)组合而成,字面意思就是“每一百”,这种词源反映了它表示比例关系的本质。辨析:与“percentage”有所不同。“per cent”是一个固定用法,通常与具体数字连用,表示具体的比例数值;而“percentage”是一个名词,指的是比例、百分比这个概念本身,不与具体数字直接连用。例如:A large percentage of people prefer tea.(大部分人更喜欢茶。)如果用“per cent”则要说:Sixty per cent of people prefer tea.(百分之六十的人更喜欢茶。)搭配:per cent of”,用于引出要描述比例关系的对象。Twenty per cent of the land is used for farming.(百分之二十的土地用于耕种。)在数学计算或统计描述中,常与数字一起使用,如“30 per cent”(百分之三十),“5 per cent”(百分之五)等。重点句型一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时中的被动语态、情态助动词与被动语态的连用以及动词+宾语+不定式结构中被动语态的使用等:That table was made in 1970(by my grandfather).那张桌子是1970年(由我的祖父)做的。The rooms must be cleaned today.这些房间今天必须要打扫干净。John has been told not to go for a walk when the weather's like this.约翰已被告知不要在这种天气出去散步。I never expected the thief to be arrested.我从没有指望小偷会被逮着。表示过去发生的动作时,被动语态还可以用于过去完成时;用于完成时的被动语态也可以与情态助动词连用:介词 to 的用法在课文中学习到:begin to , occurr to, try to, order to其他和to搭配动词有,比如:want, apply, object, attend apple, hope,wish,like,respond,ask,offer,need,return,turn,help,regard,according,company,compare,come,take,contary,equal,prefer,give,seem,tear,belong,adopt,adapt,等【例句】Do you object to my smoking 你反对我在这里抽烟吗?You should reply to his letter. 你应该回复他的信。介词 at的用法在课文中学习到:arrive at , be astonished at, be surprised at .....其他和at搭配的动词有,比如:drive, fire, laugh, gaze, get, aim, call,exclaim, wonder, work 等。【例句】What on earth are you driving at 你究竟是什么意思?I called at Mr James’ this afternoon. 今天下午我到詹姆斯先生家去拜访了他。It’s rude to stare at other people. 盯着人看是不礼貌的。介词for的用法在课文中学习到:account for, wait for, ....其他和for搭配动词有,比如:account,act,allow,answer apologize, apply , blame, care, call 等。【例句】He apologized for not being able to meet her.他因为未能去接她而向她道歉。He applied for a job as an English teacher.他申请得到一份当英语教师的工作。He always cares for my health。他一直关心我的健康。How can you account for the accident 你如何解释这个事故?介词with 的用法在课文中学习到:be satisfied with , ....其他和with搭配的动词有:agree, argue, compare, connect, deal, fill, cope , keep in touch, go等。【例句】I don't agree with you.我不同意你。He is satisfied with your work.他满意你的工作。课文精讲The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.整个村子很快知道,有一大笔钱丢了。这是一个宾语从句,句子a large sum of money had been lost.作动词learnt的宾语。语态上,从句部分是过去完成时的被动语态。主句中village也不是村庄的意思,而是指村民。learnt不是学会、学习的意思,而是得知,获知的意思。如:I've just learnt that she was ill.我刚刚得知她病了。Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. 当地的屠户,萨姆· 本顿,在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。the local butcher是Sam Benton的同位语。整个句子的主干是:Sam Benton had lost his wallet. 萨姆· 本顿把他的钱包丢了。后面的句子while taking his savings to the post office.是时间状语,说明主句动作发生的时间,是在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。因为这个时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,所以从句部分就省略了主语和be动词。本来的句子是while he was taking his savings to the post office. 又如:He fell asleep while (he was) listening in class.他在课堂上听着课睡着了。Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.萨姆确信,那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了,可是却不见有人送还给他。逗号前的部分是一个宾语从句,but后面的句子与前面的句子是并列结构,转折关系。must have been found是情态动词的被动语态,must在这里表示推测,因为是对过去的推测,所以时态上是现在完成时。如:She must have misheard.她一定是听错了。Tom must have been punished.汤姆一定是受到惩罚了。It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: 'A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief!' 钱包是用报纸包着的,里面有他丢失的钱的一半,而且还附着一张纸条,上面写着:“一个小偷,是的,但只是一个50%的小偷。这个很长的句子的主干是:It contained half the money, together with a note. 其中together with a note作伴随状语。It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost. 这是一个由and连接的并列句,and后面的句子又是一个定语从句,he had lost作定语,用来修饰前面的money,表明是他丢失的钱。句末是一个由which引导的直接引语作前面名词note的定语,也是一个定语从句,表明是一张上面写着:“一个小偷,是的,但只是一个50%小偷。”的纸条。wrap表示包裹,如:You can't wrap fire in paper.纸包不住火。contain表示包含如:This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。百分数的表达,percent是美式写法,而per cent是英式写法。I regretted saying it almost at once. 我马上又后悔说了这话。regret doing sth.表示为做过某件事而感到后悔。如:I regret having made the mistake.我后悔犯了那个错误。而regret to do sth.表示对现在或将来要做的事情感到遗憾、抱歉。如:I regret to say that I cannot help you this time.我很抱歉地说,这次我帮不上你的忙。I regret to tell you that we cannot stay here any longer.我遗憾地告诉你,我们不能再在这儿多呆了。In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way.最后,萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。句中in time表示最后。in time还可以表示及时。如:If there are any problems in the implementation process, please notify us in time.执行中有什么问题,请及时反映。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览