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(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disaster
Restrictive attributive Clause
Discovering useful structures
形容词
名词
介词短语
非谓语动词
从句
(定语从句）
She is a beautiful girl.
Amy is a woman teacher.
The girl in red is my sister.
I have something to say.
The boy making face is my son.
Japan is a developed country.
I like people who smiles a lot.
1定义：修饰名词或代词，常译为“的”
2什么可以做定语
什么是定语
定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。表示...的，作用相当于形容词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who whom whosewhich that
when where
why
方法
There is a girl who wants to see you.
The old man whom you saw yesterday is a thinker（思想家）.
Q4:如何划分定语从句？
若关系词后只有一个谓语，则从关系词到______结束。
若关系词后有两个及以上谓语，则从关系词到第____个谓语动词前结束。
先找关系词
2
句末
1.The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.
2.The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.
3.The mental strength that he showed made him unique.
4.The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
找出下列句子中先行词，定语从句，关系词极其所做成分
A plane is a machine which/that can fly.
The girl that/ who/ whom/(省略) we saw yesterday is Mary.
主句
从句
从句从引导词开始，到句子结束。
从句
从句从引导词开始，到第二个谓语动词出现结束。
定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。表示...的，作用相当于形容词
关系词的作用
在复合句中被定语从句修饰、限定的名词或代词。
先行词
引导定语从句的词。
定语从句 (Attributive Clause)
关系词
定语从句分类
限制性定语从句
引导定语从句
代替先行词（避免重复）
在从句中充当一个成分
关系代词：who, which, that, whose, whom,
关系副词：when, where, why
非限制性定语从句
定语从句
1.关系词 who
总结：who只能指____，在定语从句中作____语或____语
Do you know the girl who just come in
作主语
This is the boy who you are waiting for.
作宾语
人
主
宾
2.关系词 whom
总结：whom只能指____，在定语从句中作____语,可以用_______ 来代替。
She is the girl whom I saw yesterday.
作宾语
人
宾
The girl whom the solider rescued yesterday is John’s sister.
作宾语
who
3.关系词 whose
总结: whose既可指____，又可指___,表示______关系，在定语从句中作____语.
定
作定语
作定语
I have a friend whose father is a doctor.
He lives in a house whose windows face sea.
whose=friend’s
whose=the house’s
人
物
所属
1. The woman ______is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
2. As a Chinese is interested in travelling， I would like to introduce my favourite city — Beijing.
3.Those want to see the film set down your names, please.
4.The doctor my father worked with last year has gone abroad.
5. He lives in a room _______ window faces north.
who　
who　
whom　
【即时演练1】　用适当的关系代词填空
who　
whose
4.关系词 which
总结:which只能指___，在定语从句中作___语或___语
物
作主语
This is a car which I bought last month.
作宾语
I love the book which has beautiful pictures.
主
宾
I like the man that can always smile in trouble.
Yesterday I read a book that was about nature.
作主语
This is the best book that I have ever read.
作宾语
I knew the girl that you saw in our school.
5.关系词 that
总结:that既可指__,又可指__, 在定语从句中作__语或__语.
人
物
主
宾
1. 先行词是人时，在句中_________________；关系代词用_________________。
2. 先行词是物时，用关系代词____________，在从句中作_____________。
3. whose 在从句中作_______，既可以指人，意为“________________”；也可以指物，意为“___________”。
4. 关系代词that, who, whom, which 在定语从句中作_______时可以省略。
作主语或宾语
that / who (whom)
that / which
主语或宾语
定语
某(些)人的……
某物的……
宾语
Summarize the rules
如何选择关系词？
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
识别定从，找到先行词
判断先行词代指人还是物
判断从句中缺少什么成分
选定恰当的关系词
口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物
后看从句里, 有无主宾语
This is the college ________________ I visited three years ago.
先行词
定语从句
the college
在从句充当宾语
先行词指物，作宾语，用that/which/不填
Presentation:Learn about Restrictive Relative Clause
Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text
on page 50.(讨论翻译）
①There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
②..., one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.
③Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
④The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
⑤Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
⑥Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Summary
关系代词 指人 指物 作主语 作宾语 作定语
that √ √ √ √
which √ √ √
who √ √ √
whom √ √
whose √ √ √
1) Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
2) He was the only one that could help us at the moment.
3) The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain.
当先行词是 anything, nothing, much, everything, all, few, any, little等不定代词时
当先行词被 all, every, the only, the very, few, little, no, some等修饰时
当先行词为序数词或形容词最高级，或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
Attention!!!
关系代词的选择（特殊情况）
只用that,不用which的情况：
4) He talked about the teachers and school that he visited.
当先行词既有人又有物时
Attention!!!
关系代词的选择（特殊情况）
宜用that,不用which的情况：
1) These books, which you can get at any corner of the town will give you all the information.
2) Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.
Attention!!!
关系代词的选择（特殊情况）
只用which，不用that的情况：
1) 在非限制性定性定语从句中
2)关系代词前面出现介词时，指物只能用which，指人只能用whom
Self-evaluation
Things I can do. Scores I understand the basic structure of attributive clauses. 5 4 3 2 1
I can identify relative pronouns (e.g., that, which, who) used in attributive clauses. 5 4 3 2 1
I can correctly use attributive clauses in written sentences. 5 4 3 2 1
I can recognize and interpret attributive clauses in reading materials. 5 4 3 2 1
I understand how attributive clauses can enhance my writing and speaking. 5 4 3 2 1
Write a short passage of 7 sentences to describe the rescue work after the natural disaster. At least 5 restrictive relative clauses must be used.
Thank you

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