资源简介

(共45张PPT)
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
1.billion / b lj n / n.十亿
hundred: 百
thousand: 千
million: 一百万
trillion: 万亿; 兆
two billion people: 二十亿人
billions of people: 数十亿人
2.native / ne t v/ adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.本地人
（1）adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的
搭配：be native to （动植物）原产于（某地）
native land/country/language 故乡/祖国/母语
The researchers say the tiger is native to India.
研究人员说这种虎原产于印度。
（2）n. 本地人（=local）
搭配：a native of 生于……的人；原产于……的动植物
She speaks English like a native. 她的英语说得和本地人一样。
The kangaroo is a native of Australia. 袋鼠是产于澳大利亚的动物。
3.attitude / t tju:d / n.态度；看法
(1)a positive attitude　　　　 积极的态度
an attitude toward/to 对……的态度/意见
attitude is everything 态度决定一切
(2)altitude n. 高度；高地
at an altitude 以……的高度；在……高度
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
④It's amazing that we are flying an altitude of 20,000 feet.
⑤Even in this day and age some old (attitude) still exist in some corner.
⑥All we can change is our attitude them.
at
attitudes
toward/to
4.reference / refr ns / n.指称关系；参考
5.refer / r f :(r) / vi.提到；参考；查阅
vt.查询;叫…求助于(referred, referred, referring)
6.refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
[归纳点拨]
(1)refer ... to 把……提交给……；把……委托给……
refer to ... as　　　　 把……当(称)作
(2)reference n. 涉及；参考；征询；提到
[用法感知]　(写出下列各句中refer to的含义)
①(2023·全国乙卷)What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to？______
②If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary. _____
③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again. _____
④The book refers to the life in ancient times. _____
指的是
查阅
提到
描述
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
⑤The person at the conference just now is an expert in this field.
刚才在会上提到的那个人是这个领域的专家。
⑥The manager is going to the meeting.
经理打算把这件事提交到会议上。
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑦We are asked to look up the word in the dictionary . ________
referred to
refer the matter to
refer to
7.system / s st m / n.体系；制度；系统
systematic adj.有系统的，有条理的，仔细周到的
solar system 太阳系
a transport system 运输系统
As the public transport system can't satisfy people's needs, many people turn to private cars.
因为公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，许多人转向了私家车。
8.despite /d spa t / prep.即使；尽管
= regardless of
= in spite of
despite 为介词，+n./doing
even if/though/although为连词，后跟从句
Despite his cries, no one came to his aid.
He went out ___________ the heavy rain.
_____________________ it’s raining heavily, he went out.
尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。
despite
Even if/though/Although
9.ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
The way ahead is full of ups and downs, but that doesn’t worry us.前进的道路是不平坦的，但是我们不怕。
10.factor / f kt (r)/ n.因素；要素
Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness.
体育活动是保持健康的一个重要因素。
11.based /be st/ adj.以(某事)为基础的；
以……为重要部分(或特征)的
12.base/be s/vt.以…为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据
base ... on/upon 把……置于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
★base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据；基础
[用法感知]　(写出下列各句中base的词性和含义)
①There is a small door at the base of the tower ________
②We're going to base ourselves in Beijing and make trips from there. _______
③He used his family's history as a base for his novel. _______
④A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. ______
n.底部
vt.以……为据点
n.根据
vt.以……为基础
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤ (base) on his real experience, his novel is exciting.
⑥You should base your conclusion careful research.
⑦The story real life.
那个故事以现实生活为根据。
base ... on/upon　　　　　 把……置于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
Based
on/upon
is based on
13.date back (to...) 追溯到
归纳点拨 date from＝date back to　　　　追溯到
out of date 过时；陈旧
to date 到目前为止
up to date 最新的；最近的
名师点津 (1)date from与date back to 都用主动语态，不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词-ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。
(2)谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但date from 和date back to却用一般现在时。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
②We went to visit the stone bridge, (date) back to the Song Dynasty.
③Your ID card is ;change it for a new one, please.
你的身份证过期了，请换新的。
④He hasn't replied to us .
到现在为止他还没有答复我们。
⑤Efforts were continually made to bring the book .
一再努力，使这本书不断更新。
dating
out of date
to date
up to date
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑥As a matter of fact, the history of curling (冰壶) dates from more than 500 years, when the first records were made in Scotland. ____________
dates back to
14.bone /b n/ n.骨头；骨(质)
15.shell / el/ n.壳；壳状物
16.symbol / s mbl/ n.符号；象征
symbolise /'s mb la z/ vt. 象征，作为…的象征
Many Chinese characters symbolise their meaning.
许多汉字象征着它们的意义。
a symbol of …的象征
a chemical symbol 化学符号
symbolic adj.象征性的
17.carve /kɑ:v/ vt.&vi. 雕刻
18.dynasty/ d n sti/n.王朝；朝代
19.variety /v ra ti/ n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
various adj. 各种各样的
a variety of 各种各样的
→复数 varieties
→various adj.各种各样的,不同的
→vary v. 改变,变化
a variety of = varieties of = all kinds of =various 各种各样的
vary from…to… 从…到…不等
20.major / me d (r)/ adj.主要的；重要的；大的
n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
【归纳总结】
major in主修；以...为专业
the majority of大多数(most of)
majority / m d r ti/ n. 多数；大部分
minority /ma n r ti/ n. 少数
21.no matter where, who, what, etc.不论……；不管……
no matter＋疑问词(where, who, what, etc.)
“不论……；不管……”。
“no matter ＋ 疑问词”结构与“疑问词 ＋-ever”在用法上的异同：“no matter ＋ 疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词＋-ever”互换；“疑问词＋-ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
[应用融会]　(完成句子/句型转换)
① I am, I will always remember I am a Chinese.
不管我身在何方，我都会记住自己是一名中国人。
② you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
不管你喜欢做什么，在地球日这天，你总能找到方法参与各种各样的活动。
③ difficult life is, we must believe in ourselves and believe that we can do something well.
不管生活多么艰难，我们都应该相信自己，并相信我们能把一些事情做好。
No matter where
No matter what
However/No matter how
④ I'm unhappy, it is my friend Jane who cheers me up.
不论我什么时候不高兴，是我的朋友简让我开心起来的。
⑤Whatever you do, you should do it well.
＝ you do, you should do it well.
无论做什么，你都要把它做好。
Whenever/No matter when
No matter what
22.dialect /'da lekt/ n.地方话；方言
23.means /mi:nz/ n.方式；方法；途径（单复数同形）
【归纳总结】
a means of communication 一种交流工具
by means of 借助...；用...办法
by no means 决不（位于句首时，部分倒装）
mean v.意思是 meaning n.意思
24.classic / kl s k/ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.经典作品；名著
25.regard /r gɑ:d/ n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
③ regard to a cure for the disease, very few advances have been made so far.
④ (regard) the punishment, what would you advise
⑤Please give him my best (regard)．
With/In
Regarding
regards
26.character /'k r kt (r)/ n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
characteristic n.特征
27.calligraphy /k l ɡr fi/ n.书法；书法艺术
28.global /'gl b l/ adj.全球的；全世界的
globe / gl b / n. 球体；地球仪；地球
globally adv. 全球地；全局地；世界上
globalization n. 全球化；传播，流传，趋同化
29.affair / fe (r)/ n.公共事务；事件；关系
have an affair with 与…有暧昧关系
The Department of Foreign Affairs 外交部
30.appreciate / 'pri: ie t/ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
[归纳点拨]
(1)appreciate doing sth.　　　　 喜欢/感激做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……，我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
express one's appreciation 表达某人的感激
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
③I would appreciate your (call) back this afternoon.
④I'd appreciate if you'd wait here for my return.
⑤He expressed his (appreciate) for her help.
[名师点津]　(1)appreciate表示“感谢”时，宾语为物(help, kindness等)；thank的宾语则为人。
(2)appreciate, like, hate, depend on等后接that, when, if从句时，需要在从句前加it。
calling
it
appreciation
31.specific /sp s f k/ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
specifically adv. 特意，专门地；明确地，具体地；具体来说，确切地说；
32.CE / si: i:/ (CommonEra) 公元
33.struggle / str gl/ n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
struggle v.
struggle n.斗争；难事
It’s a struggle for sb to do sth
to do sth努力做某事
for sth努力争取
with/against与...做斗争
34.tongue /t / n.舌头；语言
35.point of view观点；看法
36.semester /s mest (r)/ n.学期
表达自己的观点：
in my view, /from my point of view,
in my opinion,
I think / believe / consider / suppose / agree that …
As for me,
as far as I know,
From my perspective,
37.petrol /'petr l/ n. (NAmE gas)汽油
38.subway /'s bwe / n.(BrE underground)地铁
39.apartment / 'pɑ:tm nt/
n.(especially NAmE)公寓套房
40.pants /p nts/ n.[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；
(especiallyNAmE)裤子
41.beg /beg/ vt.恳求；祈求；哀求
I beg your parden.
He begged them for help.
The children begged ________(come) with us.
to come
【归纳总结】
beg (sb) for sth 向(某人)乞求
beg (sb) to do sth 请求(某人)做某事;乞求(某人)做某事
beggar n.乞丐，叫花子
42.equal /'i:kw l/ n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的
(1)be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任(做)某事
(2)equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth.
在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)equality n. 平等
equally adv. 相等地；同等地；相同地
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Don't you believe in (equal) between men and women
⑤I know that he the task.
我知道他能胜任这项任务。
⑥No one .
在拼写方面，无人能和他相比。
equality
is equal to
equals him in spelling
43.gap /g p/ n.间隔；开口；差距
generation gap n. 代沟（两代人之间的隔阂）
Mind the gap. 注意间隙：一个提醒人们注意地面与交通工具之间空隙的警示语，常用于地铁站、火车站等公共交通场所。
gap year 学术间隔年：学术学习中的一年休假，以便进行非学术活动。
44.demand /d mɑ:nd/ n.要求；需求
vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
(1)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand sth.of/from sb. 要求某人某事
demand of sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
demand that ...(should) do sth. 要求……做某事
(2)be in (great) demand 需求量大
meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
③They demand that the books (return) to the school library at once.
④He the gate.
他要求我关上大门。
⑤He the manager.
他要求经理道歉。
(should) be returned
demanded of me to shut
demanded an apology from
⑥In the unusual hot summer, air conditioners .
在非同寻常的炎热的夏天，空调的需求量极大。
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑦The product was developed in response to customer requirement. ________
[名师点津]　表示“要求某人做某事”，不可以说demand sb.to do sth.，但可以说demand of sb.to do sth.或ask/require/request sb.to do sth.。
are in great demand
demand
45.vocabulary /v 'k bj l ri/ n.词汇
46.description /d skr p n/ n.描写(文字)；形容
→describe v. 描写，描述，形容
→descriptive adj. 描写的，叙述的
beyond description 无法形容；难以描述
give a detailed/general/brief description of
对……作详尽的 / 概括性的 / 简短的描述
47.relate /r le t/ vt.联系；讲述
48.relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的
relation n.关系
relative adj.相对的 n.亲戚；亲属
be related to 与……有关
relate to sth/sb 涉及；谈
relate sth to sb 向某人讲述
relate sth to sth 将某一事物与另一事务联系起来

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