资源简介

(共37张PPT)
Unit1 Past and present
Period 4 Integrated
skills & Study skills
课文呈现
Integrated skills
A Changes in Starlight Town
A1. Daniel and Kitty are doing their history project. Listen to their conversation. Complete the information below about Starlight Town in the past.
课文呈现
Past
Environment: green (1)__________, clean and fresh (2) __________, wild (3) __________ near the lake
Transport: bus and (4) __________
Living conditions ① : old (5) __________
hills
air
birds
bicycle
houses
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
课文呈现
A2. Listen to the rest of their conversation and complete the information about today’s Starlight Town.
Present
Environment: smaller (1) __________, new (2) __________ station, tall (3) __________ and new roads
Transport: bus, taxi and (4) __________
Living conditions: new (5) __________
lake
railway
buildings
train
flats
课文呈现
A3. Kitty is writing about Starlight Town in her diary. Complete her diary entry on the next page with the words in the box.
air bicycle birds buildings flats
hills houses modern railway taxi
课文呈现
13 February
Dear Diary,
Today I borrowed a book about Starlight Town’s past and present.
Starlight Town was very beautiful years ago. There were green (1) __________ and wild (2) __________ near the lake. The (3) __________ was clean and fresh then.
hills
birds
air
课文呈现
Now it has become a (4) __________ town. There is a new (5) __________station. There are some new roads too. People can now travel to and from the town by bus, (6) __________ or train, but in the past, people could only travel by bus or (7) __________. Another big change is the many tall (8) __________ in the town. Local people used to live in old (9) __________, but now, most of them have moved into new (10) __________.
Starlight Town has changed a lot over the years. I hope I can visit it again.
modern
railway
taxi
bicycle
buildings
houses
flats
课文呈现
B. Speak up: We haven’t seen each other since then.
Millie is telling Sandy about an old friend. Work in pairs and tell your partner about the changes in your life. Use the conversation below as a model.
Millie: I met my old friend Becky last week. She’s just returned from the USA. ②
Sandy: Really When did you last see each other ③
Millie: About five years ago. She went abroad with her parents. ④ We haven’t seen each other since then.
abroad 为副词，
其前不需加介词
课文呈现
Sandy: Oh, you were still at primary school then. So how do you keep in touch with each other ⑤
Millie: We mainly communicate by email. ⑥ The Internet makes communication much easier.
Sandy: Exactly. ⑦
课文呈现
Study skills
Facts and opinions
We often use facts and opinions when we write. Facts are true statements. They include names, dates, events and numbers. Opinions tell what we believe, feel or think. They may not be true.
课文呈现
Beijing is the capital of China.(Fact)
Beijing is the best city in the world.(Opinion)
Many changes have taken place in my hometown.(Fact)
The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun.(Opinion)
TIP
Sentences that show opinions often use verbs like feel, believe and think or have adjectives like good, bad and terrible.
课文呈现
When we write, we can use facts to support our opinions. We can also give facts first, and then state our opinions.
My hometown is beautiful. There are green hills all around. A river runs through the centre of town.
I have moved to a new school this term. I do not know the school very well and I have no friends here. I feel unhappy these days.
课文呈现
A. Read the sentences below. Write an F for a fact or an O for an opinion.
1. There were only small shops and restaurants in the town. ______
2. Old people used to play cards and Chinese chess together. ______
3. The new park in the town centre looks beautiful. ______
4. There was once a steel factory near the Sunshine River. ______
5. Life is getting better in some ways. ______
6. Many of Mr Chen’s friends have moved away. ______
F
F
O
F
O
F
课文呈现
B. Millie is writing about the changes in her life. Help her decide which are opinions and which are facts. Reorganize them into a short passage.
1. We have more subjects to learn. _____
2. It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly. ⑧ _____
3. When I was at primary school, I walked to school with my mum. _____
4. Now I go to school by bus on my own. _____
5. I have to spend more time on my homework than before. _____
6. Some subjects are difficult. _____
F
O
F
F
F
O
2 3 4 1 6 5
考点精讲
① Living conditions
condition /k n'd n/ n. 环境，条件，状况
考点1
与condition 相关的短语：
out of condition 健康状况欠佳
be in good / bad condition 处于好的/ 坏的状态
condition 一般强调产生影响的原因或环境。作“环境”讲时, 通常用复数。
situation 指明确的、具体的状况、情况、形势、局面。
辨析：condition 与situation
考点精讲
e.g. The plants grow best in cool , damp conditions.
这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。
I’ll do it on condition that you pay for everything.
我会做此事, 条件是你支付一切费用。
You can’t drive in that condition.
那种状况下你不能开车。
“在……条件下”，后常与of 或that 从句连用。
考点精讲
You could get into a situation where you have to decide
immediately.
你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。
Her condition is improving.
她的健康状况在好转。
Athletes must train to be in good condition.
运动员必须锻炼以保持良好的状态。
n. 健康状况
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温馨提示:可返回原文
考点精讲
② She’s just returned from the USA.
return /r 't n/ vi. 返回(to come or go back from one place to another)
考点2
易错提醒：
return 不与back 连用
返回= come/go back
return
归还= give back
考点精讲
e.g. When will your father return 你父亲什么时候回来？
I returned from Beijing last week. 上周我从北京回来了。
We finally returned to the train station.
我们终于回到了火车站。
He returned home without any of the others.
仅他一人回到了家。
return to... 后跟地点副词时要省略to。
return to... 回到……
return from... 从……回来
考点精讲
拓展：n. 返回，回来。后常接介词from 或to。
I need to know the date of her return from Europe.
我需要知道她从欧洲回来的日期。
He decided to put off his return to Beijing.
他决定推迟返回北京的时间。
考点精讲
return 的相关短语：
return thanks 答谢
return trip 回程
return ticket 往返票；回程票
by return 立即回复
return for 报答
in return 作为回报；作为交换
ask for return 索还……
考题1：[重庆A 卷] Panda Ya Ya returned to China on April 27, 2023.（改为同义句）
Panda Ya Ya _______ _______ to China on April 27, 2023.
【点拨】return to = come back to“回到”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。
came back
考点精讲
返回
考点精讲
③ When did you last see each other
last /lɑ st/ adv. 最近，上一次；最后
考点3
last 的一词多义：
adv. 最近，上一次；最后
v. 持续
adj. 最后的
n. 最后的人或事
考点精讲
e.g. I saw him last in New York two years ago.
我上一次是两年前在纽约见到他的。
The hot weather lasted until September.
炎热的天气持续到九月。
I have to be the first one to get into the classroom and the last one to leave. 我必须第一个进教室，最后一个离开。
返回
考点精讲
④ She went abroad with her parents.
abroad / 'br d/ adv. 到（在）国外（in or to a foreign country）
e.g. His cousin will go abroad for further study in a month.
一个月后他的表哥将出国深造。
考点4
abroad 的相关短语：
① study/travel abroad 出国留学/ 旅游
② live abroad 在国外生活
③ from abroad 来自国外（的）
④ go abroad 出国
⑤ at home and abroad 在国内外
adv. 其前不需要加介词
考题2：他在二十多岁时出国了。
He went __________ in his __________.
【点拨】用固定搭配法。go abroad 意为“出国”；in his twenties 意为“在他二十多岁时”。
abroad twenties
考点精讲
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考点精讲
⑤ So how do you keep in touch with each other
keep in touch 保持联系
考点5
联想记忆：
keep in touch with =stay in touch with 与……保持联系
反义
be out of touch with 与……失去联系
touch 的常用搭配：
be in touch with... 与……有联系
get in touch with... 与……联系
考点精讲
e.g. Do you keep in touch with your brother
你和你弟弟保持联系吗？
Are you still in touch with your friends from college
你和大学的朋友还有联系吗？
If you are interested in volunteering, then get in touch with us. 如果你对志愿工作感兴趣，请与我们联系。
考题3：We ______ each other ______ calling every day.
A. catch up with; by B. keep in touch with; on
C. keep in touch with; by D. catch up with; on
【点拨】根据“calling”可知打电话是一种联系方式，因此是保持联系的方式，排除A、D；通过某种方式用介词by。
C
考点精讲
返回
考点精讲
⑥ We mainly communicate by email.
communicate /k 'mju n ke t/ vi.&vt. 交流，交际(to exchange information, news, ideas, etc. with sb.)
e.g. Do you often communicate with your parents
你经常和你父母交流吗？
Good communication is important in an organization.
在机构里良好的沟通是重要的。
考点6
communicate with sb.
和某人交流
communicate
的名词形式
考题4：[凉山] All in all, _______ with friends is the best medicine for your mental health（心理健康）. Hope my advice can help you.
A. communication B. information C. instruction
A
考点精讲
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考点精讲
⑦ Exactly.
exactly / ɡ'z ktli/ adv. ( 答语) 正是，没错
e.g. — We can use the Internet. 我们可以用网络。
— Exactly. 没错。
Please tell me exactly what he said.
请准确地把他说的话告诉我。
We need to know the exact time.
我们需要了解准确的时间。
考点7
adv. 准确地；确切地
adj. 准确的；精确的
考题5：[包头] —He is so humorous and kind. All his students love him.
— __________ (exact). He is my favorite teacher.
【点拨】exact “准确的”，形容词，空处应用副词形式对上文进行回答，exactly“一点不错，正是如此”，表示赞同。
Exactly
考点精讲
返回
考点精讲
⑧ It is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly.
get used to 习惯于，适应于
考点8
be / get used to “习惯于”，其中to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
used to 其后跟动词原形，表示过去经常发生的动作或状态。
be used to do sth. 被动语态，意为“被用来做某事”。相当于“be used for doing sth.”。
辨析：be / get used to，used to 与be used to do sth.
考点精讲
e.g. This place used to be a park. 这个地方曾经是一个公园。
My grandpa has been used to living a simple life.
我的祖父已经过惯了简朴的生活。
This computer is used to control all the machines.=
This computer is used for controlling all the machines.
这台电脑是用来控制所有机器的。
语境助记：Lily’s father used to drive to work but now he is used to walking to work. 莉莉的父亲过去常常开车去上班，但现在他习惯走路去上班了。
考题6： [无锡] 我的上司习惯打断别人说话，这挺不礼貌的。
My boss _______________________________________
_______________________________ and it’s quite rude.
【点拨】be/get used to doing sth.“ 习惯于做某事”，interrupt others’ speech“ 打断别人说话”。
is used to interrupting others’ speech/gets
used to interrupting others’ speech
考点精讲
返回
课堂小结
本节课主要学习了：
重点单词：environment，condition
重点短语：clean and fresh air，living conditions
重点句式：I hope I can visit it again.(共68张PPT)
Unit1 Past and present
Period 2 Reading
课文呈现
Reading
A. Times have changed
Millie wants to write about the changes in Sunshine Town for her history project. Daniel’s grandpa, Mr Chen, knows a lot about Sunshine Town, so Millie is interviewing him to get some information.
课文呈现
Millie: Do you know Sunshine Town very well, Mr Chen
Mr Chen: Sure. I’ve lived here since I was born. ①
Millie: Have you ever moved house ②
Mr Chen: Yes. I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents. ③ When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then. ④
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
= in the north of town
课文呈现
Millie: Has the town changed a lot over the years ⑤
Mr Chen: Yes! We only had some small restaurants and shops years ago. And we had a post office and a cinema in the town centre. Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. ⑥ We have a new theatre and a large shopping mall too.
课文呈现
Millie: Was pollution a problem then ⑦
Mr Chen: Yes, it was. There was once a steel factory near the Sunshine River. They often put the waste into the river. Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation. ⑧ Now the river is much cleaner.
立德树人·环保意识
热爱并尊重自然，倡导绿色生活方式和可持续发展理念等。
课文呈现
Millie: Do you think life is better now
Mr Chen: Well, in some ways it is. ⑨ It’s really nice to have a beautiful modern town. However, most of my old friends have moved away. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before. ⑩ We used to play cards and Chinese chess together. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. Anyway, it’s good to see the amazing changes in the town.
= sometimes = at times
课文呈现
B. Changes in Sunshine Town
B1. Millie is telling Sandy about her interview with Mr Chen. Sandy does not know the meanings of some words. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.
课文呈现
1. married (line 5) ____
2. block (line 5) ____
3. factory (line 13) ____
4. realize (line 15) ____
5. improve (line 15) ____
6. lonely (line 22) ____
7. from time to time (line 22) ____
f
g
d
b
c
e
a
a. sometimes
b. know or understand something that you did not know before
c. make something better
d. a place where things are made by machines
e. not happy because of being alone
f. having a husband or wife
g. a group of buildings with streets on all sides
课文呈现
B2. Millie is telling Sandy more about her interview with Mr Chen. Help Sandy check if she has got the information right. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.
1. Mr Chen knows little about Sunshine Town. ______
2. Mr Chen moved away from his parents when he got married.
______
F
T
课文呈现
3. There is a large shopping mall in Sunshine Town now.
______
4. The steel factory once put its waste into the Sunshine River.
______
5. It is easy for Mr Chen to see his old friends now. ______
6. Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
______
T
T
F
T
课文呈现
B3. Sandy wants to learn more about the history of Sunshine Town. She is asking Millie some questions. Work in plete their conversation.
Sandy: Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie. Has he lived in Sunshine Town all his life
课文呈现
Millie: Yes. He first lived with his parents in the (1) _________ part of town, and then moved to another flat two (2) _________ away.
Sandy: What was the town like in the past
Millie: There were some small (3) _____________ and shops.
Sandy: What did Mr Chen say about the town centre
northern
blocks
restaurants
课文呈现
Millie: Years ago, there was a (4) ____________ and a (5) ____________. Now there’s a new park, a new (6) _________ and a large (7) _______________.
Sandy: Were there any factories in Sunshine Town
Millie: Yes. There was once a (8) _______________ near the Sunshine River.
post office
cinema
theatre
shopping mall
steel factory
课文呈现
B4. Millie is going to write about the changes in Sunshine Town for her history project. She has made some notes. Help her complete the sentences with the information on pages 8 and 9.
·Sunshine Town (1) __________________ over the years.
·People now have a (2) ___________________ town.
has changed a lot
beautiful modern
课文呈现
· The (3) ____________ from the steel factory was once a problem. Luckily, the government took action to improve the (4) ____________ later.
·Old people used to (5) ___________________________ together.
· Old people sometimes (6) _______________ because they cannot (7) _______________ as often as before.
·People think it is good to see (8) ____________________________.
waste
situation
play cards and Chinese chess
feel a bit lonely
see each other
the amazing changes in the town
考点精讲
① I’ve lived here since I was born.
（高频）since /s ns/ conj. 自……以来（from a time in the past until a later past time, or until now）
作连词，“自……以来”，引导时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时。
考点1
温馨提示： 在句型“It has been + 时间 + since + 从句.” 中， “时间”指表示“一段时间”的短语，since 后面的从句中用非延续性动词，且从句用一般过去时。
考向
考点精讲
e.g. What have you been doing since I last saw you
自我上次见你之后你一直在做什么？
It has been three months since I came to this school.
= I have been in this school for three months.
我来到这所学校已经有三个月了。
考点精讲
拓展：介词，“从……以来”，常和现在完成时连用，后常接时间点。
They have lived here since May.
从五月以来他们就住在这儿了。
Since then, we have made progress on some principal
objectives.
从那以后，我们已在一些重要目标上取得了进展。
从那时起
考题1：[重庆A 卷] They have been friends ______ they first met.
A. since B. while C. before D. after
【点拨】根据“They have been friends ... they first met.”可知，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，应用since 引导时间状语从句。
A
考点精讲
考题2：[武威] I _______________ (learn) English ever since I was in Grade 3.
【点拨】since 引导的时间状语从句中用状态动词的过去式，主句用现在完成时“have/has+ 过去分词”表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，也许还要继续下去。主语为I，助动词用have。
have learned
考点精讲
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温馨提示:可返回原文
考点精讲
② Have you ever moved house
ever /'ev (r)/ adv. 曾经
ever 表示“曾经”时，通常置于助动词之后，实义动词之前。
e.g. I don’t think I ever met you. 我觉得我没见过你。
Have you ever been to Beijing 你去过北京吗
考点2
考向
考点精讲
Nothing ever happens in this village.
这村里从来没有发生过什么事情。
If you are ever in Spain, come and see me.
你要是什么时候到了西班牙，就来看看我吧。
表示“在任何时候（场合、情况），从来”时，用于一般疑问句和否定句，或与if 连用的句子。
返回
考点精讲
③ I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents.
northern /'n n/ adj. 北方的，北部的
e.g. My friend Tom lives in the northern part of the city.
我的朋友汤姆住在城北。
He lives in the north of the city.
他住在这个城市的北部。
考点3
由north+后缀-ern 构成，其方位名词north 意为“北；北方”。
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考点精讲
④When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then.
married /'m rid/ adj. 已婚的，结婚的（having a husband or wife）
考点4
不与介词with 连用 ！
以-ern 结尾的词有：
① western adj. 西方的；西部的
② southern adj. 南方的；南部的
③ eastern adj. 东方的；东部的
④ northern adj. 北方的；北部的
考点精讲
e.g. They have been married for ten years. 他们已经结婚十年了。
Jim got married to Ella last month. 上个月吉姆和埃拉结婚了。
Tom has been married to Jane for two years.
汤姆已经和简结婚两年了。
get married get married to sb. 意为“和某人结婚”，强调动作， 不可以与一段时间连用。
be married be married to sb. 意为“和某人结婚”，表示状态，可以和一段时间连用。
辨析：get married和be married
考题3：[无锡] 没有人确切地知道这对老夫妇结婚多久了，但他们似乎一直相爱。
Nobody knows __________________________________, __________________ but they always seem to love each other very much.
考点精讲
for sure how long the old couple have
been married
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考点精讲
⑤ Has the town changed a lot over the years
a lot 很；非常
考点5
a lot
意为 “很，非常，很多”，a lot 为副词短语，修饰动词及形容词或副词的比较级，用作状语，不可用于名词之前表数量。
a lot of 意为“许多”，相当于lots of，用于名词之前作定语，既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。
辨析：a lot 与a lot of
考点精讲
e.g. She knows a lot about basketball. 她对篮球很有研究。
He is feeling a lot better today. 他今天感觉好多了。
But now, there are a lot of things that I know about China
through movies.
但是现在，我通过电影了解了很多关于中国的事情。
You will spend a lot of time playing together.
你们会花很多时间一起玩儿。
考点精讲
拓展：
a lot 还可意为“很多， 大量”，作主语和宾语。
e.g. There is a lot to see at the garden.
花园里有许多可看的东西。
考点精讲
over /' v （r）/ prep. 在……期间
e.g. She came to town over the weekend. 周末时她进城了。
They’ve travelled all over the world. 他们游遍了全世界。
考点6
over 的常用词组：
get over 克服
over and over 反复；再三
all over 到处
come over 过来
all over the world 全世界
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考点精讲
⑥Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.
turn... into... 把……变成……
考点7
turn 构成的短语：
① turn down 关小（声音）；把……调低
② turn up 开大（声音）；把……调高
③ turn off 关掉；关闭（设备）
④ turn on 打开（设备）
⑤ turn around 转身
turn...into... 相当于change...into...。
考点精讲
e.g. She turned her old jeans into a skirt.
她把她的旧牛仔裤改成了一条裙子。
I want to change my dream into reality.
我想把我的梦想变成现实。
The prince was turned into a frog by the witch.
王子被女巫变成了一只青蛙。
Peter, turn down your radio. Your father is sleeping.
彼得，把你的收音机的音量调低。你的父亲正在睡觉。
被动形式是be
turned into。
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Please turn up your tape. We can’t hear it clearly.
请把你的录音机的音量调高。我们不能听清楚。
Please turn off the TV, and you should do your homework now. 请关掉电视机，你现在应该写作业。
Please turn on the radio. It’s time to listen to the news.
请打开收音机。听新闻的时间到了。
She turned around and saw her teacher.
她转过身看到了她的老师。
考题4：[岳阳改编] The Monkey King is not a normal monkey, because he can ______ himself ______ different animals and objects.
A. turn; off B. turn; up
C. turn; into D. turn; on
C
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⑦ Was pollution a problem then
pollution /p 'lu n/ n. 污染；污染物
e.g. Air pollution is a serious problem.
空气污染是个严重的问题。
We must not pollute rivers.
我们一定不可以污染河流。
考点8
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pollution 的词形拓展：
polluted adj. 受污染的
↑
pollution → pollute vt. 污染
↓ 后接名词或代词
polluter n. 污染者；污染源
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生活中常见的污染：
light pollution 光污染
air pollution 空气污染
water pollution 水污染
noise pollution 噪声污染
solid waste pollution 固体废弃物污染
考题5：[自贡] The government has taken action to reduce water p . So Fuxi River becomes cleaner.
【点拨】句意：政府已采取行动减少水污染，所以釜溪河变得更干净了。根据首字母可知，此处指water pollution“水污染”。
ollution
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⑧Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.
realize /'ri la z/ vt.&vi. 意识到；实现
考点9
realize 的三种基本结构：
① realize + n. /pron.
② realize + that 从句
③ realize+ what (how, whether,if 引导的从句)
考点精讲
e.g. Some students don’t seem to realize the importance of studying English.
有些学生似乎还没有意识到学英语的重要性。
Finally, he realized that he failed in the exam.
最后，他意识到自己考试不及格。
I didn’t realize how late it was.
我没有意识到天已经这么晚了。
考点精讲
realize “实现”，是及物动词。
e.g. His dream has been realized. 他的梦想实现了。
come true “实现；成为现实”，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
e.g. His dream has come true. 他的梦想实现了。
辨析：realize 与come true
考题6：[营口] Last Thursday when I got to the railway station, I ______ I left my ID card at home.
A. realized B. believed
C. thought D. considered
【点拨】用词义辨析法。realize 意识到；believe 相信；think 想；consider 考虑。
A
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⑨ Well, in some ways it is.
in some ways 在某种程度上
e.g. In some ways he is a naughty boy, and he sometimes plays tricks on others.
在某种程度上，他是个调皮的男孩，他有时会捉弄别人。
考点10
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与way相关的短语:
① on one’s way to... 在去……的路上
② all the way 一路上
③ by the way 顺便提一下
④ in the way 妨碍
⑤ no way 决不
考题7：在某些方面，外卖服务已经取代了传统餐馆。
The take-out service has taken the traditional restaurants’ place ________ ________ ________.
in some ways
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⑩It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.
impossible / m'p s bl/ adj. 不可能的
考点11
谚语记单词
No way is impossible to courage.
勇士面前无险路。/ 勇者无惧。
由possible 加前缀im- 构成，其含义与possible 相反。
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e.g. It’s impossible to prove the thing. 这件事无法证实。
It was impossible for her to donate a lot of money, so she had to think of another way.
她不可能捐很多钱，所以她不得不另想办法。
It is impossible to predict what will happen.
预知未来的事是不可能的。
与impossible 类似的词还有：
① polite( 礼貌的) —impolite( 不礼貌的)
② patient( 耐心的) —impatient ( 没有耐心的)
考题8：Travelling abroad in such a short time seemed _________ (possible) before the plane was invented.
【点拨】句意：在飞机发明之前，在这么短的时间内出国旅行似乎是不可能的。根据句意及常识可知，没有飞机的情况下出国旅游需要很长时间，所以短时间似乎是不可能的。
impossible
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before /b 'f (r)/ adv. 以前，过去
作时间状语，泛指“以前”，不与具体的时间状语连用。
e.g. I have seen that film before. 那部电影我以前看过。
I’ll try to rush the book through before Saturday.
我会设法在星期六之前把这本书赶紧看完。
考点12
考向
prep. 在……以前；在……面前，后可接名词、
代词或动词-ing 形式。
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He will come to see you before he leaves Beijing.
他离开北京之前会来看你的。
It will be eight years before we meet.
八年以后我们才能相见。
conj. 在……以前，引导时间状语从句。
考题9：[天津] You should turn off the lights _____ you leave the room.
A. until B. before C. although D. so
【点拨】考查连词辨析。句意：在你离开房间之前，你应该关掉灯。until 直到……为止；before 在……之前；although 尽管；so 因此。根据“You should turn off the lights”可知应是在离开房间之前关灯。
B
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Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.
a bit 有点儿
e.g. I felt a bit/a little tired after a long walk.
走了很长一段路后，我感到有点累。
Greg thought for a bit before answering.
格雷格略微思考了一下才回答。
I’ve only read a little of the book so far.
这本书我才读了一小部分。
考点13
a bit 和a little 都可以用来修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级，也可修饰动词。
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a bit of water 一点儿水
I’m not a bit angry. 我一点儿也不生气。
Let’s have a little milk. 咱们喝点牛奶吧。
I’m not a little angry. 我非常生气。
a bit 修饰不可数名词时用a bit of。not a bit意为“一点儿也不”。
a little 可直接修饰不可数名词。not a little 意为“非常”，相当于very。
辨析：a bit 与a little
考题10：Would you please give me _______ orange juice, Bill
A. a bit B. a bit of C. a few D. a little of
【点拨】用语法判定法。a little 后接名词时不需要加介词of，而a bit 后接名词时需要加of，空格后为名词短语，先排除A、D 两项；a few 修饰可数名词，而orange juice“橘子汁”为不可数名词短语。
B
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lonely /'l nli/ adj. 孤独的，寂寞的（unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to）
考点14
lonely 只能作形容词，在句中通常作定语或表语。常指主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有强烈的感彩。
alone 作形容词时，意为“单独的”，一般只作表语，不作定语。
作副词时，意为“ 单独，独自 ”= by oneself。
辨析：lonely 与alone
一语辨异： She lives alone, but she doesn’t feel lonely.
她独自居住，但她并不感到孤独。
考点精讲
e.g. He has no close friends. He always feels lonely.
他没有亲密的朋友。他总是感到孤独。
The old man lived in a lonely village.
那个老人住在一个偏僻的村庄里。
I like being alone in the house.
我喜欢独自一人待在家里。
His house stands alone on a hill.
他的家单独在一座山丘上。
adj. 孤独的
adj. 偏僻的
adj. 单独的
adv. 单独
考题11：[绥化] — The old man lives _____, so he may feel _____.
— We should visit him twice a month.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone C．alone; alone
【点拨】句意：——这位老人独自生活，所以他可能会感到孤独。——我们应该一个月去看他两次。alone 独自，副词；lonely 孤独的，有一定的感彩。第一空是修饰动词lives，应用副词alone；第二空表示感到孤独，应用lonely。
A
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not happy because of being alone
because of 因为；由于
e.g. Last night he found it difficult to fall asleep because of the loud noise outside.
昨天晚上由于外面巨大的噪音，他发现很难入睡。
He is here because of you.
因为你，他才来这里的。
考点15
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Because of raining, we can’t go out.
因为下雨，我们不能出去。
— Why are you late for school again
为什么你上学又迟到了？
— Because something is wrong with my bike.
因为我的自行车出了毛病。
He didn’t come because of his illness.
= He didn’t come because he was ill. 他因病而没有来。
because of 与
because 可转换
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because of 后接名词( 短语)、代词、动名词等。
because 是连词，引导原因状语从句或回答以Why 开头的问句，表示最直接的原因。
辨析：because of 与because
考题12：[齐齐哈尔] — Why do you have time to look after the homeless dogs
—____ the “double reduction” policy（“双减”政策）， I have more free time.
A. Because of B. Even though C. As for
A
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因为 尽管 至于
考题13：[泰州] The news Besides A and B, C appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited _______ “C” is C919 from China, with many Jiangsu elements（元素）.
A. because B. so C. though D. then
【点拨】 “‘C’ is C919 from China, with many Jiangsu elements”是“The news Besides A and B, C appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited”的原因，用because 引导原因状语从句。
A
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Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.
take place 发生；举行
考点16
take place 与happen 都无被动语态。
take place 指经过安排或计划而发生。
happen 通常指偶然发生。
辨析：take place 和happen
考点精讲
e.g. Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
The peace talks took place in Geneva. 和谈是在日内瓦举行的。
When did the accident happen 事故是什么时候发生的？
Mary couldn’t attend the meeting, so her assistant took her place. 玛丽不能参加会议，所以她的助手代替她（参会）。
take sb.’s/sth.’s place =
take the place of sb./ sth. 代替某人/ 某物
考题14：Great changes _____________________ (take place) in Lianyungang since I moved here.
have taken place
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Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie.
interview /' nt vju / n. 采访；会见（a meeting at which a journalist asks sb. questions in order to find out their opinions）
考点17
interview 的一词多义：
n . 记者采访，
interview 会谈；面试
v . 采访，访问
interview 的词形变化：
interviewee n. 被采访者
interviewer n. 采访者
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e.g. I have an important interview this afternoon.
今天下午，我有一个重要的采访。
We will interview a famous surgeon tomorrow.=We will
have an interview with a famous surgeon tomorrow.
明天我们将采访一位著名的外科医生。
interview sb. = have an interview with sb. 采访某人
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She got herself into a real state before the interview.
她面试前格外地焦虑不安。
An interviewer is a person who asks someone questions in
an interview. An interviewee is a person who is interviewed.
采访者是在采访中向某人提问题的人。被采访者是被采
访的人。
n. 面试
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课堂小结
本节课主要学习了：
重点单词：since，ever
重点短语：in the northern part of，get married
重点句式：Do you know Sunshine Town very well (共30张PPT)
Unit1 Past and present
Period 1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit
课文呈现
Comic strip
—Oh, where’s my food It was in the bowl an hour ago. ①
—Eddie, have you seen my food
—Yes. I’ve just eaten it. ②
—What You’ve eaten my food Why
—Because I was very hungry.
—You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me! ③
—You’ve changed too. You used to be so kind to me.
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
立德树人·学会分享
分享是一种善举，学会
了它，就学会了生活；
分享，是一种思想，
思考的同时，也就体会
到了快乐。
课文呈现
Changes
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are going to do a history project on the changes in Beijing over the years.
Task
Write a report on the changes in your hometown.
课文呈现
Welcome to the unit
Transport at different times
A. Daniel wants to know about the different forms of transport in Beijing. Help him write the correct names under the pictures.
bus coach plane taxi train underground
课文呈现
B. Millie and her dad are talking about transport at different times. Work in pairs and take turns to talk about it. Use the conversation below as a model.
Past ④ Present ⑤
go to school on foot, by bike/bus by bike /bus/underground
go around the city by bus by bus /taxi/ car
go to other cities by coach by coach /train/ plane
课文呈现
Millie: How did you go to school when you were a student, Dad
Dad: I used to go to school by bike.
Millie: Why didn’t you take a bus ⑥
Dad: Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a long time to wait for the next one. ⑦
Millie: Really I go to school by bus. Now it’s easy and fast.
考点精讲
① It was in the bowl an hour ago.
（重点）ago / 'ɡ / adv. 以前
e.g. Two years ago, he finished middle school and found a job in a shop.
两年前，他中学毕业，在一家商店找到了一份工作。
考点1
ago 的时间参照点是现在或说话的当时，通常与一般过去时连用。
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拓展：before 通常用来表示“过去”的某个时间点之前，一般与现在完成时或过去完成时连用。
e.g. Something ought to have been done before now.
先前就该采取措施了。
She hadn’t heard that name before.
她以前没听说过那个名字。
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速记小法
before 和ago 巧记口诀：
before 常在点之前， ago 总在段之后；
before 时态不确定， 过去时中用ago。
考题1：用ago 或before 填空。
（1）I remember seeing you somewhere two years __________.
（2）I have read the novel __________.
（3）How long __________ did you get to know her
（4）Please have a wash __________ you go to bed.
ago
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before
ago
before
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温馨提示:可返回原文
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② I’ve just eaten it.
just /d st/ adv. 刚才
考点2
just 副词，意为“刚才”，常与现在完成时连用。位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或系动词之后。
just now “刚才，不久以前”，和一般过去时连用。相当于a moment ago，通常位于句末。
辨析：just 与just now
考点精讲
e.g. I’ve just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。
He was here just now. 他刚才在这里。
She was sitting just next to me. 她就坐在我旁边。
It was just an ordinary day. 那只是普普通通的一天。
Just then, I realized that I made a mistake．
就在那时，我意识到我犯了个错误。
考点精讲
just 的其他用法：
①a dv. 恰好，正好 = exactly
②a dv. 仅仅是；只是 = only
③just then 意为“就在那时” = at that moment，
通常与一般过去时连用。
考题2：He came back home _______ and I’ve _______ seen him.
A. just; just now B. just; just
C. just now; just D. just now; just now
【点拨】用语法判定法。根据句中时态可知，前半句用一般过去时，故第一空填just now；后半句用现在完成时，故第二空填just。
C
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③ You used to share food with me!
（高频）used to 曾经
考点3
used to 的句法结构：
① 疑问形式：Did...use to... /Used...to...
② 否定形式：didn’t use to/used not to
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e.g. He used to be a teacher in our school.
他曾经是我们学校的一位老师。
Did he use to be a teacher in your school
= Used he to be a teacher in your school
他曾经是你们学校的一位老师吗？
He didn’t use to be a teacher in our school.
= He used not to be a teacher in our school.
他曾经不是我们学校的一位老师。
用于过去持续或经常发生的事， 并暗示现在已经不存在了。
考题3：[岳阳] My grandfather used to _____ TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to _______ out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watch; going C．watching; go
【点拨】used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事”，be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯做某事”，根据题干可知，前一句表示过去常常，后一句是现在习惯。
B
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④ Past
past /pɑ st/ n. 过去
past 的用法：
考点4
考向
n. 过去 e.g. I used to go there often in the past.
过去我常去那里。
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prep. 晚于；
在…… 之
后；在……
面前经过 e.g. The time is ten minutes past eight.
现在是8 点10 分。
It was past midnight when we got home.
我们到家时已是午夜之后了。
They went past the department store.
他们从百货公司经过。
adj. 过去的 e.g. These things happened in the past years.
这些事情都发生在过去的年代里。
考题4：In the past, people ___________ (need) ice to keep the food fresh.
needed
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一语辨异： In the past, I drove home past a supermarket, and I arrived home at half past ten. But in the past two years, I have changed this habit. 过去，我开车回家经过一家超市，十点半到家。但在过去的两年里， 我改变了这个习惯。
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⑤ Present
present /'preznt/ n. 现在，目前
考点5
反义词为past
present 的相关短语：
① at present 目前，现在( 相当于now)
② for the present 暂时，暂且
present 的一词多义：
n . 现在，目前 礼物，礼品
v . 赠送；颁发；授予
adj . 出席，在场 现存的，当前的
考点精讲
e.g. I don’t need the dictionary at present. 我现在不需要这本词典。
That is quite enough for the present. 那暂时完全够了。
I’m going to buy my mother a present for her birthday.
我要去给我妈妈买份生日礼物。
The president presented the winners with the prizes.
主席为获奖者颁奖。
Jim is the present owner of the house. 现在的房主是吉姆。
Every member of the club was present.
俱乐部的每个成员都出席了。
考题5： The book you want is sold out ______. You can come to our bookstore next week.
A. in time B. at all C. for sure D. at present
D
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及时 根本，全然 无疑 目前，现在
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⑥ Why didn’t you take a bus
take a / an / the + 交通工具 乘坐……
e.g. I take a bus to work every day.
我每天乘公共汽车去上班。
考点6
by 表交通方式
by car 乘坐小汽车 by air 乘飞机
by land 经陆路 by bus 坐公共汽车
by bike 骑自行车
take 作动词，表示
“搭乘（交通工具）”。
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拓展：其他几种乘坐某种交通工具的表达：
（1）by + 表示交通工具的名词，泛指乘坐某种交通工具。
e.g. I go to work by bus every day.我每天乘公共汽车去上班。
（2）on/in + a/an/the + 表示交通工具的名词。
e.g. I go to work on a/the bus every day.
我每天乘公共汽车去上班。
考题6：Tom usually goes to school _______ bike, but he _______ a bus there yesterday.
A. by; took B. took; by C. by; takes D. takes; by
【点拨】用固定搭配法。根据固定搭配by bike, take a bus 可排除B、D 选项。由yesterday可知，后半句谓语动词用took。
A
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⑦... and it took a long time to wait for the next one.
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。
考点7
“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. ”
可以转换成“Sb. spend(s) / spent + 时间+
(in) do in g st h . ” 或“S b . spend(s)
/ spent + 时间+ on sth. ”句型。
take 意为“需要；占用；花费”。
考点精讲
e.g. It takes about 10 hours to get to Vientiane from Kunming.
从昆明到万象大约需要10 个小时。
It took her three hours to repair her bike.
她花了三个小时修理她的自行车。
It took the workers about two years to finish the project.
= The workers spent about two years ( in) finishing the
project. = The workers spent about two years on the project.
工人们花了约两年的时间才完成这项工程。
考题7：[鄂州] —How do you usually go to Wuhan from here
—By high-speed train. It _______ me only 20 minutes to get there.
A. spends B. pays C. costs D. takes
D
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课堂小结
本节课主要学习了：
重点单词：past，present
重点短语：past and present
重点句式：You used to share food with me!(共21张PPT)
Unit1 Past and present
Period 5
Task & Self-assessment
课文呈现
Task
Changes in my hometown
A. Amy plans to write about the changes in Moonlight Town for her history project. She has an old picture and a recent picture of the town.
课文呈现
B. Amy organized her ideas by using a fact file. Read her fact file.
Topic Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
Facts Past Present
Environment narrow and dirty roads; rubbish everywhere; large open spaces wide and clean streets; green trees on both sides; shops and tall buildings
课文呈现
Facts Past Present
Life small old houses; listen to the radio or watch TV new flats; computers and the Internet; mobile phones
Transport on foot or by bicycle by bus or taxi; have own cars
Opinion Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
课文呈现
Useful expressions
... has changed a lot over the years.
Many changes have taken place in ....
People are enjoying a ... life.
There were only ... in the past, but now....
People used to ....
The government has built....
Many families have their own....
课文呈现
C. Amy is writing her report on the changes in Moonlight Town. Help her complete her report using the fact file in Part B.
Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.
In the past, there were only (1) _______________ roads in the small town. There was (2) _______________ everywhere. But now the streets are (3) _______________, with many (4) _______________ on both sides. The government has also built (5) _______________________ in some large open spaces.
narrow and dirty
rubbish
wide and clean
green trees
shops and tall buildings
课文呈现
Years ago, people lived in (6) _________________. Now most of them have moved into (7) _________________. They used to (8) _________________ or watch TV in their free time, but now most families have computers and the (9) _________________. Moreover, (10) _________________ make communication easier now.
In the past, people travelled around the town (11) _____________________, but now they can go around (12) _________________. Many families even have their own cars.
Now people are enjoying a comfortable life.
small old houses
new flats
listen to the radio
Internet
mobile phones
on foot or by bicycle
by bus or taxi
课文呈现
D. You are writing a report on the changes in your hometown. Find an old photo and a recent photo of your hometown. Use Amy’s fact file and her article as a model.
课文呈现
Self-assessment
Result : Excellent! Good! Not bad!
I need to spend more time on ___________.
I have learnt Details Result
1. about the changes in Sunshine Town.
2. to use the new words to talk about my hometown.
3. to use the present perfect tense.
4. how to use facts to support my opinions.
本单元话题是介绍某地的“过去和现在”。该话题以描写衣、食、住、行及环境的变化最为常见。
假如你是李华，请根据以下信息用英文向你英国的笔友David 介绍近年来你的家乡在阅读方面的变化并表达你的感受。词数100 左右。
单元话题
话题写作
1. Please talk about the changes in reading in your hometown. (at least two changes, such as the reading environment, the number of books...)
2. Have these changes affected（影响）people a lot And what’s your feeling
注意：文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
话题写作
Dear David,
Today I’d like to tell you something about the changes in reading in my hometown.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
话题写作
本文要求介绍家乡近年来阅读方面的变化，属于说明文的范畴。时态应以一般过去时、一般现在时和现在完成时为主。
审题指导
话题写作
“三步法”介绍某地的“过去和现在”
第一步：描述过去
第二步：描述现在
第三步：表达感受
写作方法
话题写作
写作模板
“三步法”介绍某地的“过去和现在” 描述
过去 · In the past, people in my hometown...
· They didn’t know where to borrow the books...
描述
现在 · Now more and more people have realized the importance of reading.
表达
感受 · As for me, reading is really helpful to... it opens up a new world to me.
话题写作
经典词句
单词 change, hometown, find, borrow, community, nearby, fantastic, importance
短语 in the past, types of, over the years, a lot, what’s more, all kinds of, more and more, as for, open up
句子 1. What’s more, a big and modern library has been built.
2. It’s fantastic to enjoy reading there.
3. Many of them have developed the habit of reading.
4. As for me, reading is really helpful to my study, and the most important thing is that it opens up a new world to me.
话题写作
Dear David,
Today I’d like to tell you something about the changes in reading in my hometown.
In the past, people in my hometown couldn’t find any places to borrow books. They didn’t know where to borrow the books they wanted to read. Besides, there weren’t enough types of books.
范文赏析
话题写作
Over the years, things have changed a lot. There are reading rooms in each community. People can borrow or read books nearby. What’s more, a big and modern library has been built. We can find all kinds of books. It’s fantastic to enjoy reading there.
话题写作
Now more and more people have realized the importance of reading. Many of them have developed the habit of reading. As for me, reading is really helpful to my study, and the most important thing is that it opens up a new world to me.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
话题写作
谋篇布局：这篇文章采用“三步法”谋篇布局，文章结构清晰，层次分明。
文章架构：文章开门见山，直接介绍文章主题。然后，介绍了家乡在基础设施方面所发生的变化，接着说明了人们越来越认识到阅读的重要性，并养成了阅读的习惯。文章结尾表达了作者的感受。
文中Today, In the past, Besides, Over the years, What’s more, Now 等词和短语的使用，说明了过去和现在的变化，同时也使文章表达清晰，过渡自然。
名师点评
话题写作
课堂小结
本节课主要学习了：
重点短语：open space，on both sides(共39张PPT)
Unit1 Past and present
Period 3 Grammar
课文呈现
Present perfect tense
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
I have lived here since I was born.
We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the present.
课文呈现
Eddie has just eaten Hobo’s food.
(Eddie ate the food, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.)
TIP
We can use these time expressions with the present perfect tense.
already yet ever never just recently since for
课文呈现
We also use the present perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now.
I have already read this book many times.
We make positive statements in the present perfect tense like this：
I / You / We / They have arrived.
He / She / It has
课文呈现
We make negative statements in the present perfect tense like this:
We ask and answer questions using the present perfect tense like this:
I / You / We / They have not arrived.
He / She / It has
Have I / you / we / they arrived
Has he / she / it
课文呈现
Yes, I / you / we / they have.
he / she / it has.
No, I / you / we / they haven’t.
he / she / it hasn’t.
TIP
have not ＝ haven’t has not ＝ hasn’t
课文呈现
We form the past participles of regular verbs by adding -ed, just as what we do to form the simple past tense of these verbs.
Most verbs ＋ ed finish → finished
Verbs ending in -e ＋ d change → changed
Verbs ending in a consonant ＋ y -y ＋ ied carry → carried
Short verbs ending in a vowel ＋ a consonant double the consonant ＋ ed stop → stopped
课文呈现
We form the past participles of irregular verbs differently. Here are some examples.
No change come → come hurt → hurt
Change the vowel hold → held win → won
Change the consonant lend → lent build → built
课文呈现
Change the vowel(s) and the consonant(s) catch → caught keep → kept
forget → forgotten tell → told
Others be → been have → had
fall → fallen fly → flown
draw → drawn see → seen
TIP
Turn to pages 122 and 123 for more changes of irregular verbs.
课文呈现
The table below shows more examples of the past participles of verbs.
Regular verbs Irregular verbs
Base form Past participle Base form Past participle
visit visited hit hit
repair repaired put put
live lived meet met
课文呈现
Regular verbs Irregular verbs
move moved make made
try tried sell sold
study studied give given
fit fitted write written
plan planned think thought
课文呈现
A short test
A. Mr Wu wants the students to practise using the present perfect tense. Help them write the past participles of the verbs below.
1. borrow ___________ 2. hope ___________
3. make ___________ 4. get ___________
5. plan ___________ 6. cry ___________
7. send ___________ 8. watch ___________
9. say ___________ 10. grow ___________
11. hit ___________ 12. enjoy ___________
borrowed
hoped
made
got
planned
cried
sent
watched
said
grown
hit
enjoyed
课文呈现
B. Mr Wu asks the students to complete the sentences below using the present perfect tense. Help them complete the sentences.
1. They _____________(finish) their homework already.
2. John never _____________(visit) China.
have finished
has; visited
课文呈现
3. Mr Li _____________(repair) over ten bicycles since Monday.
4. We _____________(not see) each other for years.
5. My parents _____________(not come) back yet. ①
6. Our teacher _____________(teach) us a lot about the history of China.
has repaired
haven’t seen
haven’t come
has taught
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
课文呈现
Chat time
C. Millie and Sandy are talking about a film about the history of plete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Millie: (1) ___________ you (see) any films recently, Sandy ②
Sandy: No, I haven’t. What about you
Have; seen
课文呈现
Millie: I (2) ___________ (see) one last Saturday.
Sandy: What’s it about
Millie: It’s about the changes in Beijing over the past century. From this film, I (3) _____________ (learn) more about Beijing’s past and present.
Sandy: Oh, I think I (4) ___________ (hear) about the film. Do you plan to see it again
Millie: Yes, I’d like to.
saw
have learned
have heard
考点精讲
① My parents _______ (not come) back yet.
yet /jet/ adv. 还，仍
考点1
yet 为现在完成时的标志词，谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事。用于否定句 和疑问句中。对应词是already，意为“已经”， 用于肯定句中。
考点精讲
e.g. The train hasn’t arrived yet. 火车还没有到达。
He hasn’t come yet. What do you think has happened to him
他还没有来。你认为他发生了什么事？
My mother has already finished the housework.
我妈妈已经做完了家务活。
Is it 10 o’clock already ？已经十点钟了？
用于疑问句时表示惊奇、怀疑。
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yet 一般用在疑问句或否定句中。在疑问句中意为“已经”；在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末。 — Have you found the book yet ？
你已经找到那本书了吗？
— Not yet. 还没找到。
still 意为“仍然；还”，表示某事正在进行中，可用于各种句式，一般只位于句子中间。 Do you still teach in that
school ？
你还在那所学校教书吗？
辨析：yet 与still
考题1：[青岛] Holly has ______ fed the dog, but she hasn’t watered the plants ______.
A. still; already B. already; yet
C. yet; still D. yet; already
【点拨】already 通常用在肯定句中，yet 通常用在否定句或疑问句中
B
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② _______ you _______ (see) any films recently, Sandy
recently /'ri sntli/ adv. 近来，最近
e.g. Peter has made progress in math recently.
彼得最近在数学方面取得了进步。
There have been many changes in recent years.
近几年发生了许多变化。
考点2
现在完成时的标志词
adj. 最近的
考题2：I have been as busy as a bee ___________ (recent) because the mid-term exam is coming.
recently
考点精讲
小贴士：recently 也可与一般过去时连用。
e.g. We received a letter from him recently.
我们不久以前收到了他的一封信。
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现在完成时
单元语法
现在
完成时
定义 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，或者表示从过去某时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。①
构成 肯定形式：助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词②
否定形式：在have/has 后直接加 not ③
疑问形式：将have或has提前④ 肯定回答是“Yes，主语+ have/ has.”
否定回答是“No，主语+haven’t / hasn’t.”
此符号链接下面详细讲解、例句和考题
单元语法
现在
完成时 变化规则⑤
用法 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。⑥
表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for，since 连用。表示持续的动作或状态，多用延续性动词。⑦
标志词 常与现在完成时连用的词或结构有already，never，ever，just，yet，recently，so far，over the years，for + 时间段，since + 过去的时间点/一般过去时的句子等。⑧
1. e.g. I have already seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。
（我已经知道这部电影的内容了）
We have lived here since last year.
自从去年以来我们就住在这儿。
（表示从去年一直延续到现在的动作）
2. e.g. He has lived in Nanjing since 2010.
自从2010 年以来他就住在南京。
单元语法
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3. e.g. I haven’t read the book yet.
我还没读过这本书。
4. e.g. — Have you finished the work yet
你已经做完这项工作了吗？
— Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t.
是的，我已经做完了。/ 不，我还没有做完。
单元语法
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单元语法
考题1：[天水] — Have Tom and Jerry seen this movie before （补全否定回答）
— No, ________ ________.
【点拨】问句为现在完成时的一般疑问句，其肯定回答为“Yes, I / we / you /they have.”其否定回答为“No, I / we /you / they have not / haven’t.” Tom 与Jerry 是两个人，因此作否定回答时主语应用they。
they haven’t
单元语法
考题2：[云南] —______ you ______ about Naxi Ancient Music yet
— Yes, I have. It is a part of Naxi culture.
A. Has; heard B. Have; heard
C. Did; hear D. Do; hear
【点拨】考查动词时态。句意：——你听说过纳西族古代音乐吗？——是的，我听说过。它是纳西族文化的一部分。根据“Yes, I have.” 和“yet”可知问句也是现在完成时，且主语是you，助动词用have。
B
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5. （1）规则动词的过去分词变化规则：
单元语法
变化规则 示例
a. 一般直接在词尾加-ed work—worked open—opened
b. 以不发音的字母e 结尾的词直接加-d live—lived
skate—skated
c. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词, 先变y 为i, 再加-ed study—studied
hurry—hurried
单元语法
变化规则 示例
d. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词, 直接加-ed play—played
stay—stayed
e. 以“ 一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-ed stop—stopped
plan—planned
prefer—preferred
（2） 不规则动词的过去分词需牢记课本上的不规则动词表。
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6. e.g. He has lost his book.
他已经丢了他的书。（过去丢的, 现在还没找到）
He has eaten nothing today.
他今天什么也没吃。（现在一定饿了）
I have already posted the photos.
我已经寄了照片。（照片不在我这里了）
单元语法
单元语法
考题3： [无锡] What _______ you _______ (do) to my computer It’s dead!
【点拨】句意：你对我的电脑做了什么？它死机了！分析句子可知，电脑现在死机了，过去对电脑做的事情，对现在产生了影响，应为现在完成时，结构是has/have done，主语是第二人称you，助动词用have。
have done
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7. e.g. He has taught English for 20 years.
他已经教了20 年英语了。
We have known each other since ten years ago. 我们十年前就互相认识了。
单元语法
单元语法
考题4：[北京] Jim _____ a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A. learns B. learned
C. will learn D. has learned
【点拨】考查现在完成时。句意：自从吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来，他懂得了许多关于中国文化方面的知识。由since 可知用现在完成时。
D
特别提醒
注意：对He has lived here since ten years ago. / He has lived here for ten years. 这两个句子中的画线部分提问应用how long。即“How long has he lived here 他在这里生活多久了？”。
单元语法
单元语法
考题5：[连云港] — ______ have you been a member of the Youth League
—For three years.
A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How far
【点拨】考查特殊疑问句。句意：——你成为共青团员有多长时间了？——三年了。How long 多久，多长；How many 多少；How often 多久一次；How far 多远。根据答句“For three years.”可知询问时长应用How long 来提问。
A
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8. e.g. We have finished our work already.
我们已经完成了我们的工作。
She has never driven a car. 她从未开过车。
Have you ever been to Shanghai 你曾经去过上海吗？
I haven’t seen them recently. 我近来没见过他们。
So far we haven’t found anything, but we are still researching．
到目前为止，我们还没有任何发现，但是我们仍在研究。
My hometown has changed a lot over the years.
多年来我的家乡有了很大的变化。
单元语法
单元语法
考题6：[泰安] Mr. Zhang is an experienced teacher. He has t geography for over thirty years.
【点拨】句意：张先生是一位经验丰富的老师。他教地理已经三十多年了。根据“Mr. Zhang is an experienced teacher.”可知张先生教授地理，teach “教”，动词，根据“has”可知本句是现在完成时，动词用过去分词。
aught
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课堂小结
本节课主要学习了：
重点单词：yet，recently
重点短语：teach sb. a lot，over the past century
重点句式：Eddie has just eaten Hobo’s food.

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