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Lesson 44
Popular Sayings
Unit 8 Culture Shapes Us
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型你们都掌握了吗 现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
We know lots of Chinese saying.
Can you say some of them
Now let's learn some other sayings.
THINK ABOUT IT
Do you know any English or Chinese sayings What are they
Do you use sayings in your daily life Give an example.
Seeing is believing.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
Have you ever heard these old sayings Sayings are an important part of the language and culture of every society. ① Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning. ② They come from the experience of generations of people, and from different walks of life. Take a look at these sayings：
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Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
　 A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
　 Well begun is half done.
　 Don't be penny wise and pound foolish.
　 Actions speak louder than words.
　 Many hands make light work.
These sayings help people understand the world and form good habits, or encourage people to work hard and as a team. ③ Whether the sayings are in Chinese, English, or any other language, they share something in common. ④
Do you know the English for the Chinese saying “ai wu ji wu” That‘s “Love me, love my dog”. And “Every dog has his day” is similar to the Chinese saying “shi nian he dong, shi nian he xi”. ⑤ Although Chinese sayings use images of animals or things other than dogs, the meanings are almost the same. ⑥ Human beings share similar hopes and fears. ⑦
爱屋及乌。 Love me, love my dog.
眼见为实。
十年河东, 十年河西。
行动重于言辞。
千里之行, 始于足下。
1) Read the Chinese sayings below and find the matching English expressions from the lesson.
Seeing is believing.
Every dog has his day.
Actions speak louder than words.
A journey of a thousand
miles begins with a single step.
众人拾柴火焰高。
不要小事聪明,
大事糊涂。
有志者事竟成。
Many hands make light work.
Don't be penny wise and pound foolish.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
2) Fill in the blanks using the sayings from the lesson.
1. Seeing is believing. We warmly welcome you to visit our factory.
2. _________________________. It is very important to make a good start.
3. Cleaning the room will not take long if we all help. You know,
______________________________.
Well begun is half done
Many hands make light work
4. ________________________________. We should do more and speak less.
5. Although you failed the exam, you shouldn't give up. Remember _____________________________________.
Actions speak louder than words
Where there is a will, there is a way
3)Work in pairs. Discuss the meanings of the following sayings. Can you find the matching Chinese sayings Then make sentences with the sayings you have learned.
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
First come, first served.
It is never too late to mend. ⑧
No pain, no gain.
两人一组合作, 互相检查以下知识点：
society, whether, welcome, human, give up, be similar to, too…to , other than
①Sayings are an important part of the language and culture of every society.
society /s 'sa t / n. 社会
e.g. They were discussing the problems of Western society.
他们正在讨论西方社会的问题。
Science benefits society. 科学造福社会。
We are all members of the society.
我们都是这个协会的成员。
考点1
society 在 统指“社会”时，是不可数名词，前面通常不加冠词。
society作“社会团体；协会”讲时，是可数名词，前面可加the。
中考在线1：What you learn at school plays a very important part in shaping your behaviour in ___________ (社会).
[南京]
society
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②Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.
be full of 充满……的
e.g. Her eyes were full of tears. 她眼泪汪汪的。
The bottle is full of/filled with water. 这个瓶子里装满了水。
考点2
full of可以和filled with互换使用，在句中可作表语或后置定语。
be full of 表示状态，在句中作谓语，相当于be filled with，但后者强调动作。
中考在线2：After hearing the exciting news, she got so excited that her eyes _____________________________ tears.
(充满, 填满). [云南]
【点拨】句意：听到这个激动人心的消息后，她激动得热泪盈眶。be full of/be filled with“充满，装满”，是固定短语，由“got”可知，从句也要用过去时，从句中句子主语是复数名词，be 动词用were。
were full of/were filled with
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③These sayings help people understand the world and form good habits, or encourage people to work hard and as a team.
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
e.g. The teacher encouraged us not to be nervous on stage.
老师鼓励我们在舞台上不要紧张。
My parents encouraged my spending less.
我父母亲鼓励我少花钱。
考点3
其否定形式为：encourage sb. not to do sth.鼓励某人不要做某事。
encourage还可跟“形容词性物主代词+动名词”作宾语。
中考在线3：Our teachers always _____________ (鼓励) us to share our feelings after reading. [百色]
encourage
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④Whether the sayings are in Chinese, English, or any other language, they share something in common.
(重点) whether /'we / conj. 是否；不管；无论
考点4
whether 作“无论……还是……”讲时，用于引导让步状语从句。
e.g. Whether others help you or not, you may rely on my help. 无论别人帮不帮你，你都可以依赖我的帮助。
考向1
whether 作“是……还是……”讲时，表示一种选择，其后可以跟不定式短语。
e.g. I don’t know whether to accept the offer or refuse it.
我不知道是接受这个提议还是拒绝它。
考向2
whether 作“是否”讲时，可用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
e.g. Whether they will consider this opinion or not is not clear.
他们是否要考虑这个意见还不清楚。
考向3
拓展：以下几种情况中，通常使用whether 不用if。
(1) 当主语从句位于句首时，只能使用whether...or not，而不能使用 if...or not。
e.g. Whether it rains or not doesn’t concern me.
天是否下雨与我无关。
(2) 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether 引导，而不用if。
e.g. Whether he has stolen the money, I don’t know.
他是否偷了钱，我不知道。
(3) whether 可以跟带to 的不定式，if 则不能。
e.g. I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or stay at home.
我还没有决定是去看电影还是待在家里。
whether 与if 相同点：
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时，两者可以互换。
e.g. He asked if/whether we wanted a drink.
他问我们是否想喝一杯。
后跟带to的不定式
(4) whether 及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if 不能。
e.g. It depends on whether he is ready or not.
这取决于他是否做好了准备。
(5) whether 可以引导同位语或表语从句，而if 不能。
e.g. The question is whether we should go on with the work.
问题是我们是否应该继续做这项工作。
放在介词后，引导宾语从句
引导表语从句
中考在线4：Judy is an outgoing girl. She shows everything on her face, _________ she is happy or not. [黔东南]
A. whether B. until
C. unless D. although
【点拨】whether 是否；until 直到；unless 除非；although 虽然。由上文“朱迪是个外向的女孩”可知，她把一切都展现在脸上，不管她高兴与否。whether... or not 是否……。
A
any other 其他任何一个的
e.g. Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
汤姆比班上其他任何一个同学都高。
Tom from Class 2 is taller than any student from Class 3.
二班的汤姆比三班的任何一个学生都高。
考点5
any other后跟单数可数名词，是指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物。
“any+单数可数名词”意为“任何一个”，范围适用于三者或三者以上。
中考在线5：The glass bridge in Shijiazhuang is ________ than any other one in China. [天水]
A. long B. the longest
C. longest D. longer
【点拨】采用语法判定法。句意：石家庄的玻璃桥比中国其他任何玻璃桥都更长。由句中的than 可知这里要用形容词long 的比较级longer。
D
in common 共同的；共有的
e.g. Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common.
刘丽和刘英有一些共同之处。
考点6
①have... in common有……共同
②in common with同……一样
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⑤And “Every dog has his day” is similar to the Chinese saying “shi nian he dong, shi nian he xi”．
be similar to 与……相似
e.g. My problems are similar to yours.
我的问题与你的问题类似。
They are similar in the eating habits.
他们在饮食习惯方面很相似。
考点7
反义短语be different from 与……不同
be similar in
在……方面相似
中考在线6：Believe it or not, the two surveys have ___________ (相似的) results.
[苏州]
similar
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⑥Although Chinese sayings use images of animals or things other than dogs, the meanings are almost the same.
(难点) other than 除……以外
e.g. There is nobody here other than me.
这里除了我以外没有人。
考点8
other than＝except/but
除……以外
They were given nothing other than dry bread and water. 他们只得到了干面包和水。
It was no other than my best friend, Mary.
这正是我最好的朋友玛丽。
It was none other than Tom! We thought he was in Africa.
不是别人正是汤姆！我们以为他在非洲。
nothing other than 只是；仅仅
no other than正是；恰恰是
none other than
不是别人/别的东西，正是……
中考在线7：All parts of the house _________ the windows were still in good condition.
A. other than B. no other than
C. less than D. more than
A
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⑦Human beings share similar hopes and fears.
human / 'hju m n/ n. & adj. 人(的); 人类(的)
e.g. He is quite human after all.
毕竟，他还是挺通人情的。
Dogs can hear much better than humans.
狗的听觉比人灵敏得多。
考点9
作形容词，意为“通人情的；人类的”。
作名词，意为“人”，同义短语为 human being。
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⑧It is never too late to mend.
too... to... 太……而不能……
e.g. This coat is too small for me to wear.
这件外套对我来说太小了，不能穿。
I’m too busy to take care of my baby.
我太忙了，没时间照顾我的小孩。
考点10
too 后跟形容词或副词，to为不定式，后跟动词原形，可以在后面的动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb.。
拓展：(1) too... to... 可以和so... that... 互相转换。
e.g. This question is too difficult for me to answer.
= This question is so difficult that I can’t answer it.
这个问题太难了, 我回答不上来。
注意that后用否定形式
(2) too... to... 可以和not... enough to... 结构互换。
e.g. She is too short to reach the book on the shelf.
=She is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.
她太矮了, 够不到架子上的书。
I’m too glad to go with you.
和你一起去我真是太高兴了。
两句中的形容词或副词互为反义词
温馨提示：too 后若有表达情感的形容词，如glad, pleased, happy, sad 等时，表达肯定意义。
中考在线8：地震后，医护人员工作太忙，没有得到充分的休息。
After the earthquake, doctors and nurses were _________ busy _________ take enough rest. [重庆B 卷]
too
to
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本节课我们主要学习了以下重点内容：
(1)重点单词：whether等。
(2)重点短语：be full of; encourage sb. to do sth. , give up 等。
(3)重点句式：Whether the sayings are in Chinese, English , or any other language, they share something in common.

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