资源简介

晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
image n．图像；形象；意象
Littering makes our school dirty and causes harm to the image of our school.
乱扔垃圾使我们的学校很脏，损害了我们学校的形象。
shark n．鲨鱼
spring to mind突然记起(或想到)
Generosity and honesty are words that spring to mind when it comes to the man.
谈到这个人时就会马上想到“慷慨”和“诚实”这两个词。
whale n．鲸
deer n．(pl.deer)鹿
dolphin n．海豚
track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
track and field田径
We tracked the lost animal’s tracks along the railway tracks and hoped that we could find it as soon as possible.
我们沿着铁路轨道追踪走失动物的足迹，希望能尽快找到它。
habitat n．生活环境，栖息地
habitable adj.适合居住的
We should spare no effort to preserve habitats of endangered animals from being destroyed so that they are more habitable.
我们应该不遗余力地保护濒危动物的栖息地不被破坏，使它们更适合居住。
nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不
What made us helpless was that there was nowhere to hide and nowhere to run.
让我们无助的是，我们无处可藏，无处可逃。
resident n．居民，住户
chief n．首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的
committee n．委员会
entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地
entire adj.全部的；完全的
smog n．雾霾，烟雾
get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
I appeal to everyone to get rid of the bad habit—staying up too late at night.
我呼吁每个人都改掉熬夜太晚的坏习惯。
protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对
protest against/about/at＝make a protest against...对……提出抗议
From my point of view，it seems unwise to protest against your parents’ decision by hunger strike.
在我看来，通过绝食来反抗你父母的决定似乎是不明智的。
profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处
profitable adj.有利可图的，有益的
profitless adj.无益的，无利可图的
defence(AmE defense) n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
in defence of为了保护……
defend...against/from(doing...)防御；保护……以免……
defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护
I picked up a stone to defend myself from being injured by the bear while my husband held a stick tightly in defence of his safety.
我拿起一块石头保护自己不被熊伤到，而我丈夫紧紧地拿着一根棍子保护自己的安全。
process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理
Could you please tell me the precise process of processing these recycled things
你能告诉我这些回收物的精确加工过程吗？
economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的
economy n．经济
economics n．经济学
economical adj.节俭的；实惠的；精打细算的
The specialists in economics suggest that we should apply economic policies to the actual development of economy and only in this way can we find solutions to some issues.
经济学专家建议，我们应该把经济政策应用到经济的实际发展中去，只有这样，我们才能找到一些问题的解决办法。
policy n．政策，方针；原则
branch n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支
strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署
The sensitive girl is patiently explaining her practical learning strategies to me.
这个敏感的女孩正在耐心地向我解释她实用的学习策略。
recycle vt.回收利用，再利用
recyclable adj.可回收的
recycling n．回收利用
We can recycle recyclable products to further protect our environment and the recycling does play an increasingly important role.
我们可以回收可回收的产品来进一步保护我们的环境，回收确实起着越来越重要的作用。
subway n．地铁；地下人行道
former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的
the former...the latter...前者……后者……
The person I respect most is my former math teacher，a responsible and kind-hearted person.
我最尊敬的人是我以前的数学老师，一个有责任心和善良的人。
official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的
poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏
poor adj.穷的；不幸的；差的；不熟练的
I am poor at physics，so I am not capable of solving this physical problem.
我的物理很差，所以我没有能力解决这个物理问题。
poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药
poisonous adj.有毒的
chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的
chemistry n．化学
chemically adv.化学上；以化学方法
chemist n．化学家；药剂师
Having been crazy about chemistry and chemical changes since junior middle school，he has an ambition to be a chemist.He can’t be careful enough when dealing with chemicals，which can potentially pose a danger.
从初中开始，他就对化学和化学变化着迷，立志成为一名化学家。他在处理可能造成潜在危险的化学物质时非常小心。
consequence n．结果，后果；重要性
consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的
consequently adv.结果；因此；所以
as a consequence＝in consequence＝consequently结果；因此
as a consequence of＝in consequence of由于……的缘故
Your failure was consequent on your constant laziness and consequently，you should face the terrible consequences bravely while pondering how to change yourself.
你的失败是你一贯的懒惰造成的，因此，你应该勇敢地面对可怕的后果，同时思考如何改变自己。
give rise to使发生(或存在)
These specific measures have given rise to impressive progress in science and technology.
这些具体措施使科学技术取得了令人印象深刻的进步。
further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进
The student association has determined to launch an inter-school activity to further each other’s deep understanding.
学生会决定开展一次校际活动，以加深彼此的了解。
leave out漏掉；省略
If you study in this scientific way，you won’t leave anything out.
如果你以这种科学的方式学习，你就不会漏掉任何东西。
take part in参加
I often take part in colorful after-class activities to broaden my view.
我经常参加多彩的课外活动来开阔我的视野。
divide...into...把……分成……
sign up报名
I am writing to invite you to sign up for the writing competition together.
我写信是为了邀请你一起报名参加写作比赛。
be concerned about担心……
I was so concerned about the exam results that tears of anxiety rolled down my cheeks.
我非常担心考试结果以至于焦虑的泪水顺着我的脸颊流下来。
hand in hand手拉手
We walked hand in hand along the street，chatting and laughing excitedly.
我们手牵手走在街上，兴奋地有说有笑。Unit 1　Nature in the balance
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
harm n．& vt.伤害，损害
harmful adj.有害的
harmless adj.无害的；无恶意的
do/cause harm to sb/sth＝do/cause sb/sth harm对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth.做某事并无害处。
do (sb) more harm than good(对某人)弊大于利
be harmful to...对……有害
This object gives off harmful gases，which may do harm to our health and thus，you’d better make the object harmless before using it.
该物品散发出有害气体，可能对我们的健康有害，因此，你最好在使用该物品之前使其无害。
soil n．土壤；国土，领土，土地
ecosystem n．生态系统
We ought to make every attempt to protect our weak ecosystem from being destroyed.
我们应该尽一切努力保护我们脆弱的生态系统不被破坏。
overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外
region n．地区，区域；行政区
regional adj.地区的，区域的
continent n．大陆，陆地，洲
The moment the author stepped on the continent，he deeply fell in love with its beautiful scenery.
作者踏上这片大陆的那一刻，他就深深地爱上了它的美景。
million num.一百万；许多，大量
length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长
long adj.长的；长时间的 vi.渴望
lengthen v．加长
at length最后；详细地
I have some emergencies to deal with and I would appreciate it if you could allow me to lengthen my holiday.
我有一些急事要处理，如果您能允许我延长假期，我将不胜感激。
biodiversity n．生物多样性
In summary，we must preserve biodiversity，which makes a great difference to human beings.
总之，我们必须保护生物多样性，它对人类有很大的作用。
species n．(pl.species)种，物种
nut n．坚果
brazil nut巴西坚果
lily n．百合(花)
water lily睡莲
variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体
various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的
vary v．不同；改变
种类繁多的；各种各样的
vary from...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
vary with...随着……而变化
vary in...在……方面变化/有差异
Children prefer playing in a theme park，which offers various/a variety of amusement facilities，varying from roller coasters to pirate ships.
孩子们喜欢在主题公园里玩，那里有各种各样的娱乐设施，从过山车到海盗船应有尽有。
wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物
beneath prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上
mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的
massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
towering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的
tower n．塔 v．高于，超过
A girl who towers me is standing on the top of a towering tower，overlooking the surrounding wonderful view.
一个比我高的女孩正站在一座高耸的塔顶上，俯瞰着周围的美景。
hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)
living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式
make/earn a living谋生
On land with rich soil，local farmers can grow crops to make a living.
在土壤肥沃的土地上，当地农民可以种植农作物来谋生。
mammal n．哺乳动物
survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难
survival n．幸存；生还
survivor n．幸存者；生还者
survive sth幸免于……；从……活过来
survive on依靠……生活
survive sb by...比某人多活……
survive from...从……时留存/流传下来
These people survived the landslide and the survivors thought that their survival was because of their unity，determination and a little luck.
这些人在山体滑坡中幸存下来，幸存者认为他们的幸存是因为他们的团结、决心和一点运气。
frog n．蛙，青蛙
in turn相应地，转而；依次；轮流
by turns轮流地，交替地
take turns to do sth轮流做某事
it’s one’s turn to do sth轮到某人做某事
it turns/turned out that...结果是……
The students clarified their opinions on how to improve oral English in turn.
同学们就如何提高英语口语轮流阐明了自己的看法。
insect n．昆虫
microorganism n．微生物
break down使分解(为)，使变化(成)
Due to your splendid tips，I could break down the barrier between my friend and me smoothly.
多亏了你的极好的建议，我才能顺利地消除我和朋友之间的隔阂。
nutrient n．营养素，营养物
nutritional adj.营养(物)的
nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的
nutrition n．营养；滋养
breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力
So smile，gesture once in a while，show some energy and breathe life into the interview experience.
所以要微笑，偶尔做些手势，表现出一些精神，并给面试经历注入一些活力。
carbon n．碳
We should decrease our carbon footprint to protect our environment.
我们应该减少碳足迹来保护我们的环境。
oxygen n．氧，氧气
thus adv.因此，从而；这样
I came across some difficulties in organizing the activity，and thus turned to you for some professional help.
我在组织活动时遇到了一些困难，因此向你寻求一些专业帮助。
disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪
disappearance n．消失
appearance n．外表，外观；出现
appear v．出现
due to由于，因为
be due to do sth预期做某事
be due for sth预定做某事；应得到某物
be due to sb应支付/归于某人
I had the project completed perfectly due to my partner’s timely guidance.
由于我的搭档的及时指导，我完美地完成了这个项目。
agriculture n．农业，农学
agricultural adj.农业的
Technology is vital for agricultural development.With the development of science and technology，I do believe we will make great advances in agriculture.
技术对农业发展至关重要。随着科学技术的发展，我相信我们将在农业方面取得巨大的进步。
cattle n．牛
impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击
As is known to us all，artificial intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways.
＝As is known to us all，artificial intelligence has already impacted on our lives in many ways.
众所周知，人工智能已经在很多方面影响着我们的生活。
extinction n．灭绝，绝种
extinct adj.已灭绝的
be threatened with extinction/in danger of extinction面临灭绝的威胁/处于灭绝的危险中
As far as somebody is concerned，cloning can be used to save animal species which are endangered or extinct，so we needn’t be concerned about their extinction.
有人认为，克隆可以用来拯救濒危或灭绝的动物物种，所以我们不必担心它们的灭绝。
damage vt.& n．损坏，破坏，损害，伤害
do/cause damage to...对……造成损害
Some people worry that the rapid development of tourism may cause damage to the local environment.
＝Some people worry that the rapid development of tourism may damage the local environment.
有些人担心旅游业的迅速发展可能会破坏当地的环境。
climate n．气候；倾向，风气
build up逐渐增加，扩大
I often work out in a gym in this region to build up my body.
我经常在这个地区的健身房里锻炼以增强体质。
global adj.全球的；全面的
globe n．地球；地球仪
greenhouse n．温室，暖房
gas n．气体；煤气；汽油
drought n．旱灾，久旱
come up with想出，想到
come about发生，产生
come across偶遇；被理解；无意中发现
come out出版；开花；出现；结果是
come to共计，达到
come up升起；被提出；发生，发芽；走近
when it comes to...当谈到……
I have come up with a wonderful idea on how to attract overseas investment.
关于如何吸引海外投资，我想到了一个好主意。
call for(公开)要求；需要
call up使回忆起；给……打电话
call in叫来；召来；召回
call off取消；停止
call on/upon拜访(某人)；号召
call at拜访(某个地点)
From my point of view，endangered wildlife species do call for our special attention.
在我看来，濒危野生物种确实需要我们的特别关注。
application n．应用，运用；申请
apply v．申请；运用；适用；涂；敷
applicant n．申请人
apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth申请做某事
apply to适用于
apply sth to sth把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于……
About 500 applicants have written letters of application to apply to the firm for well-paid positions.
大约有500名申请者写了求职信，向这家公司申请待遇优厚的职位。
brochure n．小册子
organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理
organized adj.有组织的，有条理的
organizer n．组织者
organize vt.组织，筹划
To organize such a big event，firstly，the organizer himself must be organized.Secondly，he must make good use of the power of some local organizations.
要组织这样一个大型活动，首先，组织者必须要有条理。其次，他必须充分利用一些地方组织的力量。
absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其
absolute adj.绝对的，完全的
absolutely not绝不
I am absolutely confident that I can prove my innocence with absolute evidence.
我绝对有信心，我可以用绝对的证据证明我的清白。
belt n．地带，地区；腰带；传送带
medal n．奖章，勋章
be home to是……的家园
play a role in...在……中起作用
In modern days，the Internet is playing a more and more important role in our daily life.
在现代，互联网在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
in danger of...处于……的危险中晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vt.& vi.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
flood in涌入
A flood flooded the villages and many soldiers flooded in to rescue the villagers who were trapped.
洪水淹没了村庄，许多士兵涌入去营救被困的村民。
downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n．楼下
document n．文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档
honey n．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜
otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外
We must entirely prevent the extinction of these species，otherwise we would face various disasters.
我们必须彻底防止这些物种的灭绝，否则我们将面临各种灾难。
curious adj.好奇的；奇特的
be curious about sth对某事好奇
be curious to do sth渴望做某事
curiously adv.好奇地
curiosity n．好奇心
out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
Curious about everything of the new junior high school，I look around curiously and my great curiosity drives me to explore every corner of the school.
我对新初中的一切充满好奇，我好奇地环顾四周，我的好奇心驱使我去探索学校的每一个角落。
Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马人
Just as an old saying goes，“Do in Rome as the Romans do.”
正如一句老话所说，“入乡随俗。”
erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生
volcano n．火山
eruption n．喷发；爆发
volcanic adj.火山的；由火山作用引起的
unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
destination n．目的地，终点
bar n．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止
import n．进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进
export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出
port n．港口，避风港；港口城市
cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的
ash n．灰
Seeing the ashy sofa，I ordered my son to clean all the ashes.
看到满是灰尘的沙发，我命令儿子把所有的灰尘都打扫干净。
dawn n．黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚
take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
trunk n．树干
unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的
bearable adj.可忍受的；能应付的
bear v．忍受；承受
bear...in mind/bear in mind that...把……记在心里；记住……
Always bear in mind that even if we are faced with unbearable matters，we should try to control our temper and bear them.
永远记住，即使我们面临着无法忍受的事情，我们也应该尽量控制自己的脾气，忍受它们。
break out突然开始，爆发
beyond adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超出……之外
distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
in the distance在远处
from a distance从远处
at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远
keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from...与某人保持距离；疏远……
within walking distance走着就能到；很近
distant adj.遥远的，久远的；冷淡的
be distant from 距……很远；与……不同
far and wide到处，各处
An old saying describes to this way，“Sound traveling far and wide，a stormy day will be tied.”
有句古话是这样说的：“声飘千里，风雨欲来。”
pattern n．图案，花样；模式；范例；模型
column n．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列
rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救
come/go to one’s rescue来/去营救某人
rescue sb/sth from...从……中营救……
rescuer n．救助者，救援人员
sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的
sharpen v．削尖；(使)提高；(使)变锋利
sharply adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地
The sharp boy’s mind is as sharp as ever and besides，he can keep his head whatever difficulties he comes across.
这个机灵的男孩的头脑和以前一样机灵，而且，无论遇到什么困难，他都能保持头脑清醒。
locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)
location n．地点，位置
located adj.坐落在；位于
be located in/on 坐落于；位于
I don’t know the exact location of the Mencius Museum and could you please locate it on the map
我不知道孟子博物馆的确切位置，你能在地图上指出它的位置吗？
Qingdao is an attractive city which is located on the eastern coast of China.
青岛是一座位于中国东部沿海的迷人城市。
retire vi.& vt.退休，退职
retired adj.已退休的
retirement n．退休
stay away from远离；躲避
along with和……一起
in all directions朝着四面八方
separate...from...把……与……分离/分隔Unit 2　Natural disasters
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
county n．郡，县
injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害
injured adj.受伤的
the injured伤者
injury n．伤害；伤；损伤
do sb an injury＝do an injury to sb伤害某人
Some people injured their arms and some suffered a head injury in the accident.Luckily，the injured were rushed to hospital right away.
一些人在事故中手臂受伤，一些人头部受伤。幸运的是，伤者被立即送往医院。
disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败
at large整个，全部
I think the chances of getting reforms accepted by the community at large remain extremely remote.
我认为，让整个团体都接受改革的希望仍然极其渺茫。
reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
reaction to...对……的反应
react vi.起反应；对……作出反应
react to对……作出反应；回应……
react against反抗
When I learnt that my boss approved my plan，my first reaction was extreme excitement.If you were me，how would you react to the good news
当我得知老板批准了我的计划时，我的第一反应是极度兴奋。如果你是我，你会对这个好消息作何反应？
crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
crash into 撞击；闯入
She noticed a car crash into a big tree nearby；fortunately there was nobody getting injured.
她注意到一辆汽车撞上了附近的一棵大树；幸运的是没有人受伤。
signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
signal (to/for) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
signal sb that...示意某人……
a traffic signal交通信号
A signal failure has given rise to the crash，which signals that we must check traffic lights on a regular basis.
信号灯故障导致这次撞车事故，这表明我们必须定期检查交通信号灯。
exit vi.& vt.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开
orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
order n．命令；顺序 vt.命令
He ordered me to keep my room in order and orderly surroundings could guarantee my learning efficiency.
他命令我保持房间的整洁，整洁的环境可以保证我的学习效率。
stair n．楼梯；梯级
roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚；滚动；翻身；卷起
roll call点名
confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
confirm sb in sth使某人确信某事
It has been confirmed that...已经证实/确定……
safe and sound安然无恙的
They were caught in a sandstorm in the region，but to our relief，they returned safe and sound.
他们在该地区遭遇了沙尘暴，但令我们欣慰的是，他们平安归来。
hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
procedure n．程序，步骤，手续
tsunami n．海啸
odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
bubble n．泡，气泡，泡沫
occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
It occurs/occurred to sb that.../to do...某人突然想到……
occurrence n．发生的事情；发生；出现
It occurred to him that similar occurrences had occurred before.
他想起以前也发生过类似的事。
keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静
Even if my former deskmate met with emergencies，he still could keep his head.
即使我的前同桌遇到紧急情况，他也能保持冷静。
relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济
to one’s relief＝to the relief of sb使某人宽慰的是
in/with relief如释重负；松了口气
relieve v．给(某人)换班；减轻；解除(痛苦、忧愁等)
relieve sb of sth缓解/减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
relieved adj.放心的；感到宽慰的
To our great relief，the drug could effectively relieve his pain.Feeling relieved，we cast a smile to him.
使我们大为宽慰的是，这种药能有效地减轻他的疼痛。我们感到很宽慰，对他投去了微笑。
typhoon n．台风
destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的
destroy v．破坏
destruction n．破坏
The destructive typhoon almost destroyed all the crops and local farmers suffered a lot from the serious destruction.
毁灭性的台风几乎摧毁了所有的庄稼，严重的破坏使当地农民遭受了很大的损失。
pole n．柱，杆；极
polar adj.地极的
inform vt.通知；了解，熟悉
inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
inform oneself of/about sth了解；熟悉某事
informed adj.有见识的；有学问的；知情的
keep sb informed of/about sth随时告知某人某事；使某人了解某事
information n．信息；消息
He always informs me of the latest development of artificial intelligence and I benefit a lot from such new information.
＝ He always keeps me informed of the latest development of artificial intelligence and I benefit a lot from such new information.
他总是告诉我人工智能的最新发展，我从这些新信息中获益良多。
hurricane n．飓风
conference n．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈
shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊
in shock 震惊地
be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆
shocking adj.令人震惊的
shocked adj.震惊的；惊愕的
be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth因做某事而感到震惊
be shocked that...对……感到震惊
The shocking news shocked us and we were so shocked that our mouths opened wide in shock.
这个令人震惊的消息震惊了我们，我们震惊得张大了嘴巴。
scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓
scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb into doing sth恐吓/威胁某人做某事
scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的
scared adj.害怕的；恐惧的
(be) scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
The scared look suggested that something scary must have occurred to her.
惊恐的表情表明她身上一定发生了什么可怕的事情。
The device is not targeted at killing the animals but scaring them away so that they won’t do damage to the buildings.
这个装置不是用来杀死动物的，而是用来吓跑它们的，这样它们就不会对建筑物造成破坏。
power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
in power当权
come to/into power开始掌权；上台
in/beyond one’s power在某人的能力范围内/超出某人的能力
powerful adj.强有力的；强大的；有权势的
powerless adj.无权的；无能为力
The more knowledge you master，the more powerful you will be.After all，knowledge is power.
你掌握的知识越多，你就会越强大。毕竟，知识就是力量。
run out of用完，耗尽
run out用光(不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态)
I am running out of my money and thus，could you be kind enough to lend me some
我的钱快花光了，你能好心借给我一些吗？
supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供
supply sb with sth＝supply sth to sb给某人提供某物
The government tried its best to supply enough medical supplies，shelter and food to those who were affected by the hurricane.
政府尽最大努力为受飓风影响的人们提供足够的医疗补给品、住所和食物。
donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)
donation n．捐赠；捐赠物
donate sth to...＝make a donation of sth to...向……捐赠某物
The generous official donated everyday supplies to those who lived in poverty and he won respect for his large donation.
这位慷慨的官员把日常用品捐赠给那些生活贫困的人，他的大笔捐赠赢得了人们的尊敬。
charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容
staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于
slide n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入
fund n．资金；基金 vt.为……提供资金；资助
hold on to紧紧抓住
at the same time同时
blow away吹走晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
percentage n．百分率，百分比；提成
percent n．百分之……
To our delight，the percentage of the students taking part in social practice or voluntary activities is 25 percent.令我们高兴的是，参加社会实践或志愿活动的学生比例为25%。
entertainment n．娱乐活动；招待，娱乐
entertain v．使有兴趣；使快乐；招待，款待
entertaining adj.使人愉快的；娱乐的
Dance is an entertainment without language barriers，but as far as I am concerned，Chinese traditional dancing is more entertaining，which has never failed to entertain people both home and abroad.
舞蹈是一种没有语言壁垒的娱乐活动，但就我而言，中国传统舞蹈更具娱乐性，它总能让国内外的人感到愉悦。
mobile adj.可移动的，非固定的；行动方便的；流动的 n．手机
device n．设备，仪器；手段，技巧
addict n．对……入迷的人；瘾君子
addicted adj.上瘾的；着迷的
addiction n．瘾；入迷
addictive adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的
be addicted to对……上瘾/入迷
Once you are addicted to mobile games，you will find it difficult to remove the addiction.
一旦你对手机游戏上瘾，你就会发现很难戒瘾。
be glued to sth全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近
As a smartphone addict，his eyes were glued to the little screen whenever he walked down the street，had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night.作为一个智能手机迷，每当他走在街上、与朋友共进晚餐或晚上躺在床上时，他的眼睛都会盯着小屏幕。
Wi-Fi n．无线网络
battery n．电池
quit vt.& vi.(quit，quit；quitted，quitted)停止，戒掉；离开
quit doing sth停止做某事
quit one’s office/post/job辞职/离职
shoot past飞驰而过
A car shot past and hit a young man waiting for the traffic light.一辆汽车飞驰而过，撞到了一名等待红绿灯的年轻人。
knock sb off one’s feet撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地
A young man whose eyes were glued to his mobile phone was knocked off his feet by a car shooting past.
一名一直盯着手机的年轻人被一辆飞驰而过的汽车撞倒了。
scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓
scared adj.害怕的；恐惧的
The scared look suggested that there must be something scary around her.
惊恐的表情表明她周围一定有什么可怕的东西。
somehow adv.不知怎么地；以某种方式(或方法)
I don’t know exactly how we’ll manage it，but we will，somehow.
我说不准我们如何去完成这件事，但不管怎样我们一定会完成。
be lost in全神贯注，沉浸于
lost adj.迷路的；丢失的；困惑的
lose v．失去；丢失；错过
lose oneself in沉迷于；专心致志于
lose heart灰心，失去信心
lose one’s way＝get lost 迷路
journal n．日记；报纸，杂志
journalist n．新闻记者；新闻工作者
keep a journal写日记
reveal vt.展示，显出；揭示，透露
appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感谢
appreciation n．欣赏；感谢
appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的
appreciate (sb/sb’s) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……，我会感激不尽。
in appreciation of为了感谢……
I would appreciate it if you could offer me some advice that can make my new school life easier.
如果你能给我一些让我的新学校生活更轻松的建议，我将不胜感激。
I’m writing to deliver my appreciation for what you did for me during my stay in London.
我写信来表达我对你的感激之情，感谢在我留在伦敦期间你为我所做的一切。
wide-ranging adj.覆盖面广的，内容广泛的
opera n．歌剧；歌剧院
badminton n．羽毛球运动
cut back on减少，削减
As their dad lost his job，the children decided to cut back on living expenses.
由于他们的爸爸丢了工作，孩子们决定削减生活开支。
reach for sth伸手够某物
take up占用
She complains that some social apps are taking up too much of the university students’ attention.
她抱怨说，一些社交应用程序占据了大学生太多的注意力。
could have done本能够做(某事)
make up one’s mind下定决心
Having been aware of the potential danger，he made up his mind to quit the addiction to video games.
意识到潜在的危险后，他下定决心不再沉迷于电子游戏。
slow down减速，放慢速度；使……慢下来
stretch out伸出，伸开(身体的某一部位)；平躺
She would be able to stretch out her cramped limbs and rest for a few hours.
她将能伸开蜷缩的四肢，休息几个小时。
pick up拿起，捡起；学会；(开车)接载
I would appreciate it a lot if you could pick me up at the airport this time tomorrow.
如果明天这个时候你能来机场接我，我将不胜感激。
best of all 最好的；最好的是
The beach is beautiful，but，best of all，there are very few tourists.
这片海滩很美，尤其令人满意的是游客稀少。
take advantage of利用Unit 3　The world online
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
webcam n．网络摄像头
pot n．壶，瓶，罐；锅
emoji n．表情符号
comic n．连环漫画；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；喜剧的
take off突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；起飞；脱下
Emojis，small digital images used to express ideas or feelings in electronic communication，soon took off throughout the world.表情符号，一种用于在电子沟通中表达想法或感受的小型数字图像，很快在世界各地流行起来。
frontier n．国界，边界；尖端，边缘
billion num.十亿
billions of数以亿计的；许多的；数十亿的
obviously adv.显然，明显地
obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的
It is obvious that...……是显而易见的。
Obviously/It is obvious that he has made obvious progress in oral English and now he is fluent in English.很明显，他在英语口语方面有了明显的进步，现在他可以流利地说英语了。
access n．机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用
accessible adj.可使用的；可进入的；可接近的；易懂的
have/get/obtain/gain access to...拥有/获得……的机会；可以接近/进入
access to...接近……的机会；使用……的权利；通向……的道路
be accessible to...对……来说可接近/可使用/易懂的
With the development of technology，billions of people are now having access to advanced health care.
随着技术的发展，数十亿人现在可以获得先进的医疗服务。
Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village，so it is not accessible to the outside now.
坠落的岩石切断了通往村庄的唯一通道，所以现在无法到外面。
extent n．程度，限度；范围
to a certain extent＝to some extent在一定程度上
at one’s fingertips掌握(信息)，熟悉、精通(知识等)，了如指掌
He was so familiar with the arrangements that all details were at his fingertips.
他对这些安排非常熟悉，所有细节都了如指掌。
click n．点击，单击；咔哒声 vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声；点击，单击
button n．按键；纽扣
recipe n．食谱；方法，秘诀
military adj.军事的，军队的n.军队
affair n．公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情
bring up使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出
bring down降低；使倒下
bring about引起，导致
bring in引进；让……参与；赚得
bring out出版；生产；使显现
In the time it takes to find one book in the library，we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results.在图书馆找本书的工夫，我们就可以用搜索引擎调出数百万个结果。
Since they brought in the new technology，they have largely brought down the product cost and brought in more profits.
自从他们引进新技术以来，他们大大降低了产品成本，并获得了更多的利润。
majority n．大部分，大多数；多数票
major adj.主要的；重要的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究
minor adj.少数的；轻微的；次要的
minority n．少数
a/the majority of大部分；大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
major in主修……
I majored in English in college at first，but in the second year I changed my major to art history.
我在大学一开始主修英语，但在第二年我把专业改成了艺术史。
The major reason why I give up this arrangement is that the majority of people are against it and only a minority of people are for it.
我放弃这个安排的主要原因是大多数人都反对它，只有少数人支持。
goods n．商品，货品；私人财产
commerce n．商务，商业，贸易
commercial adj.商业的，商务的 n．广告
commercially adv.商业上；商业化地
commercialize vt.使商业化
commercialized adj.商业化的
commercialization n．商业化
deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出
delivery n．递送，投递；交付；分娩
deliver sth to sb 把某物递送/移交给某人
deliver a speech/lecture发表演讲
deliver a baby接生
be delivered of＝give birth to生下；分娩
I am greatly honored to deliver a speech here as a student representative.
我非常荣幸能作为学生代表在这里发表演讲。
site n．网站，站点；地点；现场
boot n．靴子
arrangement n．安排；布置；约定；排列
arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备；排列，布置
make arrangements for为……作安排
arrange for sb/sth to do sth安排某人/物去做某事
arrange sth for sb/sth为某人/某活动安排好某事
arrange to do sth安排做某事
Welcome to our school and we have arranged for Mr Li to meet you at the airport.
欢迎来到我们学校，我们已安排李先生到机场接你。
We would appreciate it a lot if you could tell us your routine，so that we can make appropriate arrangements for you in advance.
如果你能告诉我们你的日程以便我们提前为你作出适当的安排，我们将非常感激。
cash n．现金；金钱，资金
in cash用现金(支付)
by cheque以支票(支付)
above all else最重要的是，尤其是
Above all else，you must be honest in all things.
最重要的是，你在任何事情上都必须诚实。
establish vt.建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定
establishment n．建立；创立
software n．软件
instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的 n．瞬间，片刻；某一时刻
instantly adv.立即；马上
the instant＝instantly conj.一……就……
in an instant立即，马上
for an instant一瞬间；刹那间
I instantly realized that my pessimistic comments may cast a shadow on the crew，so I instantly changed my tone and sang high praise for the progress they had made.
我立刻意识到，我的悲观言论可能会给全体工作人员蒙上阴影，所以我立即改变了语气，对他们所取得的进步赞不绝口。
comment n．议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见
make a comment/comments on/about...对……进行评论
make no comment on/about...不对……进行评论
no comment无可奉告(常用于回答记者的提问)
comment on/ upon对……作出评论
He was asked to make a comment on/comment on the current military affair，but he refused，saying “No comment”．
他被要求对近期的军事事件发表评论，但他拒绝了，说“无可奉告”。
aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的
awareness n．知道；认识；意识
unaware adj.未察觉的；不知道的
be/become aware/unaware of...意识到/没意识到……
be aware that...意识到/知道……
make sb aware of使某人意识到
raise/promote one’s awareness of...提高某人的……意识
A sports meeting will be held in our school with the objective of promoting people’s awareness of physical well-being.我们学校将举行一次运动会，目的是提高大家的身体健康意识。
surf vt.& vi.(互联网上)冲浪，浏览；进行冲浪运动
My brother likes surfing in the ocean while my sister prefers to go surfing on the Internet.
我哥哥喜欢在大海中冲浪，而我姐姐更喜欢在网上冲浪。
guideline n．准则，指导方针；参考
All these tips serve as a guideline on how to establish a good friendship.
所有这些建议都可用作建立良好友谊的指南。
remove vt.删除；移走；开除
removal n．清除；移走；开除
remove...from从……处移走/清除……
remove one’s doubt/prejudice消除某人的疑虑/偏见
file n．文件；文件夹；档案
belong vi.应在(某处)；能适应
belonging n．亲密关系；归属感
belongings n．所有物；财产
belong to属于，归……所有
a sense of belonging归属感
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。
ballet n．芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团
set up创建，建立
Now that you have made up your mind to set up your own business，start right now.既然你已经下定决心要创办自己的企业，现在就开始吧。
request vt.要求，请求 n．要求，请求；要求的事
request sb to do sth请求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth要求……
It is requested that...(should) do sth.据要求……
make (a) request for sth/that...请求/要求……
at one’s request＝ at the request of sb应某人要求
At the request of the audience，another ballet performance will be put on next Friday night and you are requested to deliver a welcome speech before the performance.
应观众的要求，下周五晚上将举办另一场芭蕾舞表演，请您在表演前作一个欢迎演讲。
technical adj.技术的，技能的；专门技术的；专业的
technique n．技术，技能；技巧；工艺
upload vt.上载，上传
download vt.下载
get in touch with与……取得联系
lie in在于
The key to success lies in the strong determination as well as selfless dedication.
成功的关键在于坚定的决心和无私的奉献精神。
in the comfort of在……里舒舒服服地
Thanks to the Internet，you can learn anything you want in the comfort of your home.
多亏了互联网，你可以在自己家里舒舒服服地学到任何想学的东西。
in the/one’s way挡道；阻碍
Though many difficulties are in the way，he never quits his ambition to establish his own business.
尽管困难重重，但他从未放弃创办自己的企业的雄心壮志。
keep in contact with与……保持联系
Have you kept in contact with your friends from college recently
你最近和你大学里的朋友还保持联系吗？晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
bang n．突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击 vi.& vt.砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞
with a bang很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响
The school year started off with a bang when I was named class president.
当我被任命为班长时，新学年顺利地开始了。
standout adj.突出的 n．突出的人(或物)
She is an intelligent and standout young scientist who is full of wisdom.
她是一位聪明而杰出的充满智慧的年轻科学家。
atomic adj.原子的；原子能的
atom n．原子
bomb n．炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸
evil n．罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处 adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
Dragons are a symbol of power and authority in China while they represent evil and violence in Western countries.龙在中国是权力和权威的象征，而在西方国家则代表邪恶和暴力。
involve vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加
involved adj.参与的；卷入的
involvement n．参与；卷入；牵连
get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联
involve sb/oneself in (doing) sth把某人(自己)牵涉到(做)某事中；让某人(自己)参与(做)某事
involve doing...包含做……
Students ought to involve themselves in/get involved in community activities and their active involvement enables them to gain experience for growth.
学生应该参与到社区活动中去，他们的积极参与能使他们获得成长的经验。
scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的
scientifically adv.科学上
scientist n．科学家
science n．科学
My uncle is a famous scientist who has devoted all his life to scientific research.Influenced by him，I have chosen to be a science student in high school，wishing to be a person like him in the future.
我的叔叔是一位著名的科学家，他把自己的一生都献给了科学研究。受他的影响，我在高中选择了理科，希望将来能成为跟他一样的人。
credit n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于
credit card 信用卡
to one’s credit值得称赞的是
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit赊账
To his credit，the standout politician revealed the authority’s evil plot and protected its citizens.
值得称赞的是，这位杰出的政治家揭露了当局的邪恶阴谋，并保护了其公民。
moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n．品行，道德；寓意
morality n．道德；道德准则；道义
immoral adj.不道德的，道德败坏的
It is immoral of you to escape your moral responsibility.
你逃避道德责任是不道德的。
apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关
application n．申请(书)；应用
applicant n．申请人
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请……
apply to适用于
apply oneself to致力于，专心于
All the applicants that will apply for the job should prepare a letter of application in advance.Actually，it would be better if they could have the ability to apply their knowledge to their job.
所有申请这份工作的人都应该事先准备好一封求职信。事实上，如果他们有能力把自己的知识应用到工作中，那就更好了。
negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定
mystery n．神秘，神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品
mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的
let sb down使某人失望
His disappointed look told me that I had let him down this time.
他失望的表情告诉我这次我让他失望了。
ignorance n．无知
ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的
be ignorant of不知道；不了解
As the saying goes，ignorance can be forgiven.俗话说，无知者无罪。
It is ignorant of you to ignore his precious advice.你无视他宝贵的建议是无知的。
as to关于，至于
take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然
We should be grateful to our parents’ love instead of taking it for granted.
我们应该感激父母的爱，而不是认为这是理所当然的。
freedom n．自由
free adj.免费的；自由的
freely adv.自由地；无拘无束地
be free of无……的；摆脱了……的
Freedom is not about doing what you want to do，but about not doing what you don’t want to do.
自由不是你想做什么就能做什么，而是你不想做什么就可以不做什么。
authority n．权威，权力；官方
permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证
permission n．允许，许可
permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事
permit doing sth允许做某事
without permission未经许可，擅自
with one’s permission经某人允许
To protect the wild animals，people are not permitted to gain access to natural reserves.
为了保护野生动物，不允许人们进入自然保护区。
responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务
responsibly adv.明事理地；认真负责地；可信赖地
responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的
irresponsible adj.不负责的；没有责任心的
be responsible for对……负责；对……有责任
be responsible to sb对某人负责
bear/take (the) responsibility for承担对……的责任，为……负责
a sense of responsibility责任感
Unlike his former partner who is quite irresponsible，his new friend always takes responsibility for whatever he should do and that is also why he becomes a more responsible adult.
与他很不负责任的前任搭档不同，他的新朋友总是对应该做的事负责，这也是他成为一个更负责任的成年人的原因。
declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报
declaration n．宣告，声明
declare...to be/as...宣布……为……
declare war on/against...向……宣战
declare for/against宣称赞成/反对
it is declared that...据宣布……
nationality n．国籍；民族
nation n．国家；民族；国民
national adj.国家的，民族的
put forward提出，提议，建议
put aside把……放到一边；储存
put off推迟；延期
put up with忍受；容忍
put away把……收拾好；整理；储蓄
put on穿上；上演；增加
put up搭建；张贴；举起；为……提供住宿
put down放下；写下；镇压
put out扑灭；生产
evolution n．进化；演变，发展
evolve v．进化；演变，发展
publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布
publication n．出版物
marriage n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态
marry v．结婚，娶，嫁
marry sb to把某人嫁给……
get/be married to与……结婚
far from远非；远离
Judging from his disappointed look，the coach was far from satisfied with the competition result.
从他失望的表情来看，教练对比赛结果并不满意。
work out计算出；解决；理解；锻炼
I am terribly sorry for not finding a proper way to work out such an awkward problem.
我很抱歉没有找到一个恰当的办法来解决这样一个棘手的问题。
go through穿过；经历
I was going through a tough period，so I am writing to ask for your assistance.
我正在经历一段艰难的时期，所以我写信来寻求您的帮助。
show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
The player was given hardly any opportunities to show off his talents.
那位选手几乎没有得到什么机会展示自己的才能。
look forward to期盼，盼望
New Year is an occasion when people look back to the past and look forward to the future.
新年是人们回顾过去、展望未来的时刻。
work on从事
The scientist is working on developing a new cure for the deadly disease.
这位科学家正在研制一种治疗这种致命疾病的新方法。
put...at risk使……处于危险中
Watch out.Your ignorance and prejudice are bound to put you at risk when communicating with others.
小心点。你的无知和偏见必然会使你在与他人交流时处于危险之中。
be familiar to为……所熟悉
I’ve never come to the city before，so it is not familiar to me.
我以前从未来过这个城市，所以它对我来说并不熟悉。
leave room for给……留出空间Unit 4　Scientists who changed the world
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
republic n．共和国，共和政体
malaria n．疟疾
deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的
die v．死亡
dead adj.死的；枯萎的
death n．死，死亡
dying adj.临终的；垂死的
The deadly illness has caused many deaths and people are in deep sorrow for the dead.Besides，many animals also died of the disease.这种致命的疾病已经造成了许多人的死亡，人们对逝者深感悲痛。此外，许多动物也死于这种疾病。
survival n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物
survive vi.& vt.幸存；比……活得久
survivor n．幸存者
province n．省，省份
broad adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的
broadly adv.大体上；基本上
broaden v．增长(经验、知识等)；开阔；变宽
broaden one’s horizons拓宽某人的视野
The project includes a broad range of activities，which deeply broadens our horizons.
该项目包括广泛的活动，这大大拓宽了我们的视野。
intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指
intended adj.为……打算(或设计)的
intention n．目的，意图
intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事
intend to do/doing sth打算做某事，计划做某事
had intended to do sth(＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
be intended for专为……设计；打算为……所用
be intended to do sth专为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事
with the/an intention of怀着……的意图
Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental strength.
我们学校组织了一场五公里越野赛跑，目的是增强我们的体力和脑力。
extract n．提取物；选录 vt.提取；选录；取出；设法得到
Language teachers often extract examples from grammar books.
语言教师常从语法书里摘录例子。
herb n．药草，香草；草本
herbal adj.药草的，香草的
refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及
reference n．提及；参考
refer to...as...把……称作……
refer...to...把……提交给……
in/with reference to关于
To get more accurate experiment data，she referred to a broad range of reference books.
为了获得更准确的实验数据，她查阅了大量的参考书。
experiment n．实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试
experimental adj.实验性的；试验性的
carry out/do/perform/conduct an experiment做实验
experiment with/on试验；在……上做实验
To get the perfect extract，she and her team experimented with/on thousands of herbs.
为了获得完美的提取物，她和她的团队对数千种草药进行了实验。
trial n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.& vt.测试，试验
limited adj.有限的
limit n．& vt.限制
limitless adj.无限的
limitation n．局限，限制性条件
be limited to限定在……；受限于……
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
set a limit to/on限制……
beyond/over the limit超过限度
within the limits of限定在……范围内
there is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的
Each of us has his or her own unique potential capabilities and limitations，but we should devote our limited life to the limitless job of serving people.
我们每个人都有自己独特的潜在能力和局限性，但我们应该把有限的生命奉献给无限的工作——为人民服务。
It is requested that the length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.
要求文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
household adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的 n．一家人，家庭
container n．容器；集装箱，货柜
contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛；控制
Hearing the good news，I couldn’t contain my inner happiness.
听到这个好消息，我抑制不住内心的快乐。
postpone vt.延迟，延期
postpone doing...延迟做……
With no sufficient evidence，they had to postpone declaring the gang’s crime after the trial.
由于没有足够的证据，他们不得不在审判后推迟宣布这伙人的罪行。
sufficient adj.足够的，充足的
sufficiency n．足量，充足
data n．数据，资料，材料
speed up(使)加速
slow down减速；放慢
at a speed of...以……的速度
at low/high/full/top speed以低/高/全/最高速
pick up speed加速
To speed up the process and ensure its safety，Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
为了加快这一过程并确保其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿首先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
pay off成功，奏效，达到目的
Just keep working hard and all your efforts will surely pay off sooner or later.
只要继续努力，你所有的努力迟早会有回报的。
error n．错误，差错
through trial and error反复试验
Through trial and error，he finally found out how it worked and all his efforts paid off.
经过反复试验，他终于发现了它是如何运作的，于是他所有的努力都得到了回报。
wisdom n．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问
wise adj.明智的
wisely adv.明智地
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
benefit v．对……有益 n．益处
be beneficial to对……有益
benefit sb/sth对某人/某物有益
benefit from/by从……中受益
be of benefit to (＝be beneficial to)对……有益
for one’s benefit (＝for the benefit of sb)为了某人的利益
There is no doubt that regular exercise and balanced diets are beneficial/of benefit to our physical health.
毫无疑问，定期运动和均衡饮食对我们的身体健康有益。
conduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
conductor n．(管弦乐队、合唱队等的)指挥；售票员；导体
illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于
illustration n．(书、杂志等中的)图表，插图；图解；图示；例释
illustrator n．(书等的)插图画家
penicillin n．青霉素，盘尼西林
mould (AmE mold) n．霉菌；模具；类型 vt.浇铸；塑造
bacteria (sing.bacterium) n．细菌
surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关
surrounding adj.周围的
surroundings n．环境
surround...with...用……包围/环绕……
be surrounded by/with...被……包围/环绕
The mountaintops are surrounded by soft clouds and the surrounding beautiful surroundings take our breath away.山顶被柔软的云彩包围着，周围美丽的环境让我们惊叹。
indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出
indication n．指示；显示；表明
indicative adj.指示的；表明的
There are clear indications that the economy is improving，indicating that the measures taken by the government have come into effect.
有明显迹象表明，经济正在好转，这表明政府采取的措施已经生效。
accident n．意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇
accidental adj.偶然的，意外的
accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地
by accident偶然，意外地
I found some old photos in an envelope by accident/accidentally yesterday afternoon when I cleaned the house.昨天下午打扫房间时，我无意间在一个信封里发现了一些老照片。
intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的
intelligence n．智力，智慧
intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的 n．知识分子，脑力劳动者
artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能
Intelligent as artificial intelligence is，it can never replace humans’ wisdom in some aspects.
尽管人工智能很聪明，但在某些方面它永远无法取代人类的智慧。
favour (AmE favor) vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
favourite adj.最喜欢的，最喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人(或事物)
ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb请某人帮忙
do sb a favour＝do a favour for sb帮某人的忙
owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情
in favour of赞同，支持
While the teachers are not in favour of the plan，the majority of students favour it.
尽管老师们不赞成这项计划，但大多数学生都赞成。
politician n．政治家，从政者；投机钻营者
politics n．政治(学)
political adj.政治的
lightning n．闪电
electricity n．电，电能
electric adj.电的；发电的，电动的；用电的
electrical adj.电的；用电的
electronic adj.电子的，电子器件的
electrician n．电工；电器技师
theory n．学说，论；原理；看法，意见
theoretical adj.理论上的
Only when theory is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge.
只有理论与实践相结合，前者才能成为可靠的知识。
thunderstorm n．雷雨，雷暴
ribbon n．带子，丝带；带状物
metal n．金属
charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管
charge sb some money for sth就某事向某人索取费用
charge sb with sth因某事而谴责/控告某人
in charge of负责/掌管(表状态)
in the charge of由……负责/掌管
take charge of掌管(表动作)
free of charge＝for free免费
I am in charge of the English speech contest to be held in the school hall on December 10th.我负责12月10日在学校礼堂举行的英语演讲比赛。
make a difference有影响，起作用
There is no doubt that your generous suggestion will make a big difference to our experiment.
毫无疑问，你慷慨的建议会对我们的实验产生很大的影响。
thanks to因为，多亏了
Thanks to the Darwin’s evolution theory，we humans know more about our ancestors.
多亏了达尔文的进化论，我们人类对祖先有了更多的了解。
fail to do未能做……
Though failing to be admitted into his favorite university，he didn’t actually let his parents down.
虽然没能考上他最喜欢的大学，但实际上他并没有让父母失望。
give up放弃
draw on凭借，利用
Why not draw on the precious opportunity to pursue your freedom？
为什么不利用这个宝贵的机会去追求你的自由呢？
make good use of充分利用
Our lifetime is limited，so we should make good use of it.
我们的生命是有限的，所以我们应该好好利用它。

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