资源简介

晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
complex adj.复杂的
·complexity n．复杂性；难题
diverge v．(两条路)岔开，分开
We went through primary school and college together，but then our paths diverged.我们从小学到大学一直在一起，但后来就分道扬镳了。
undergrowth n．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛
numerous adj.许多的，很多的
commercial n．(电视或电台的)商业广告
·commercially adv.商业上
·commerce n．商业
thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的；体贴的
·thought n．思想；想法
Not only is she thoughtful in personality，but also has thoughtful insights into the world.她不仅在性格上体贴周到，而且对世界有深刻的见解。
symbolize v．象征，代表
·symbol n．象征，标志
·symbolic adj.有象征意义的
·symbolism n．象征主义，象征手法
The use of light and dark symbolizes good and evil.
用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶。
alternative n．可供选择的事物
·an alternative to...……的替代品
have no alternative but to do别无选择只好做……
·alternatively adv.要不，或者
Travelers on a tight budget have no alternative but to backpack.
预算紧张的旅行者别无选择只能背包旅行。
dilemma n．进退两难的境地，困境
·in dilemma进退两难；进退维谷
I encountered numerous dilemmas early on and I felt as if the world were at an end at that time.
在初期，我就遇到了许多困境。当时我觉得好像世界末日来了。
He refused to follow my well-meant advice，and as a result，he was trapped in dilemma.
他拒绝听从我善意的建议，结果，他陷入了困境。
arise v．(由……)引起
·arise from/out of产生于；起因于
As we all know，many road accidents arise from/out of careless driving.
众所周知，许多道路事故都是由粗心驾驶引起的。
circumstance n．情况，情形
·under/in no circumstances无论如何不，决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
in most circumstances在大多数情况下
if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话
under/in the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此
Under/In no circumstances will I give up the ambition of founding a company.As a consequence，if circumstances permit/allow，I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.
我决不会放弃创办一家公司的梦想，因此，如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。
mixture n．混合；混合体
·mix v．混合
mix...with/and...使……和……混合/融合
·mixed adj.混合的；混杂的
affection n．喜爱，钟爱
·affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
qualified adj.合格的，胜任的
·qualify v．(使)有资格；(使)合格
·qualification n．资格
fluency n．熟练，流利
·fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的
be fluent in ……流利；会说流利的……
·fluently adv.流利地
sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地
·yours sincerely 谨上，敬上，谨启(用于以某人名字开头的正式信件的末尾)
·sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的
·sincerity n．真诚；诚挚
I am writing to sincerely apologize to you for my fault and please accept my sincere apology.
我写信是想为我的错误向您真诚地道歉，请接受我真诚的道歉。
refreshments n．茶点，点心和饮料
·refresh vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
·refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；使人凉爽的
·refreshed adj.神清气爽的
shift n．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
on a daily basis每天
have...in common有相同的特征
turn down拒绝；调低，关小
Knowing his application to be the school correspondent was turned down，Jack was deep in desperation.得知自己当学校记者的申请被拒绝了，杰克深陷绝望之中。
look back on回顾
make the most of充分利用
be familiar with对……熟悉
I am familiar with the tourist attractions in Beijing，and hence，I am qualified for the position as your guide.我对北京的旅游景点很熟悉，因此，我能担任你们的导游。
have a passion for热爱，对……充满激情
People with ambition are always having a passion for what they are pursuing.
有抱负的人总是对自己追求的东西充满热情。
major in以……为专业；主修
a variety of 各种各样的Unit 1　Looking forwards
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
take action采取行动
boyhood n．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代
ambition n．追求，理想
·ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的
Ambitious as he is，he seldom takes action to fulfill his ambition.尽管他雄心勃勃，但他很少采取行动来实现他的抱负。
trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生
·train v．培训；训练
·trainer n．教练；驯兽师；运动鞋
·training n．训练；培训
correspondent n．通讯员，记者
·correspond vi.符合，一致；相当于；通信
correspond to 相当于；与……相一致/相符
correspond with 与……通信；与……相一致
·correspondence n．通信；来往信件；相似
in correspondence with 和……一致；与……有通信联系
·corresponding adj.相应的；相关的
I have been in correspondence with my college roommate for years who is now working as a sports correspondent.多年来，我一直与我的大学室友有通信联系，他现在是一名体育记者。
bullfighting n．斗牛
historical adj.(有关)历史的
·history n．历史
with a history of...拥有……的历史
·historic adj.历史性的；历史上著名的
·historian n．史学工作者，历史学家
detective n．私家侦探
·detect vt.发现，查明
·detection n．侦查；探测；发现
ultimately adv.最后，最终
·ultimate adj.最后的，最终的
dot n．点，小圆点 vt.遍布；点缀
·be dotted with布满； 点缀着
The night sky was dotted with bright stars，which seemed to twinkle their eyes to us.夜空中点缀着明亮的星星，它们似乎在向我们眨眼睛。
backwards adv.往回，往前面
admission n．允许进入(加入)；门票；承认
·admit v．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入
admit doing/having done承认做过……
be admitted to/into被……录取
His ambition is to be admitted to/into a key university and now he is anxiously waiting for the college admission letter.
他的志向是被一所重点大学录取，他现在正焦急地等待着大学的录取通知书。
make up one’s mind做出决定，拿定主意
Now that you have made up your mind to set up your own business，take action now.既然你已经下定决心要创办自己的企业，现在就采取行动吧。
pass up放过，放弃，错过(机会)
With my boyhood ambition in mind，I will never pass up any opportunity to improve myself.
怀着我少年时代的志向，我永远不会错过任何提高自己的机会。
have second thoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
Have you had second thoughts about your passing up such a precious opportunity
你有没有后悔过错过这样一个宝贵的机会？
put off 推迟……，使……延期
reject...out of hand坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……
weigh up仔细考虑，权衡
Whatever decisions you make，you should weigh up its advantages and disadvantages.无论你做什么样的决定，你都应该权衡它的优点和缺点。
participation n．参加，参与
·participate v．参加，参与
participate in参加
·participant n．参加者，参与者
in the face of面对……
They showed great determination and perseverance in the face of difficulty.
面对困难他们表现出了坚强的决心和毅力。
in place准备就绪；在正确位置
by contrast相比之下
long to do渴望做
in desperation绝望之下
take a leaf out of one’s book效仿某人；向……学习
Whatever twists and turns you might encounter，you should take a leaf out of the books of those inspiring figures.
无论你可能遇到什么样的曲折，你都应该向那些鼓舞人心的人物学习。
be prepared for为……做准备
We have been prepared for the coming challenge，and under no circumstances will we give up our ambition.我们已经为即将到来的挑战做好了准备，在任何情况下我们都不会放弃我们的理想。
at dawn在黎明时
apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物
I am writing to apply for the position advertised in the newspaper.
我写信申请报纸上刊登的职位。晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
outstretched adj.张开的，伸开的
Every day I arrive home from work，my little boy will rush towards me with arms outstretched.
每天我下班回到家，我儿子都会张开双臂冲向我。
cram v．挤满
·cram (sb/sth) into/onto sth (把……)塞进/挤满/塞满……
·crammed adj.拥挤的；塞满的
be crammed with挤满
pure adj.纯净的，洁净的
·purely adv.仅仅；完全
·purify vt.净化；使纯净
·purity n．纯洁；纯净；纯粹
It is well acknowledged that education shouldn’t be measured purely by examination results.
人们普遍认为教育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。
transparent adj.透明的
·transparently adv.显然地
vexed adj.恼火的
·be vexed at/with对……恼火
What made me vexed was that my proposal didn’t get their recognition.
让我恼火的是，我的提议没有得到他们的认可。
absurd adj.荒唐的，愚蠢的
lean v．倚，靠
Madame n．夫人，太太，女士
stroke v．轻抚，抚摸
She walked forward，embraced him and stroked his tousled white hair.
她走上前，拥抱他并轻抚他凌乱的白发。
instinctively adv.本能地
·instinctive adj.本能的；直觉的
·instinct n．本能；天性；直觉
When he instinctively felt that something was wrong，his instinctive reaction was to escape.However，he defeated his instinct and decided to take the responsibility.
当他本能地感觉到不对劲时，他的本能反应是逃跑。然而，他战胜了自己的本能，决定承担责任。
despair n．绝望
·in despair绝望地，失望地
fall into despair陷入绝望
There are many circumstances where he sinks to the depths of despair，feeling extremely pessimistic about his future.
在许多情况下，他陷入绝望的深渊，对自己的未来感到极度悲观。
luxury n．奢华，奢侈
·luxurious adj.奢侈的；十分舒适的
stick to坚持
Even though I was trapped in adversity，I would stick to my ambition with great perseverance.
即使身处逆境，我也会以极大的毅力坚持自己的理想。
search for/in search of寻找
burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来
Hearing this funny story，all people burst out laughing，releasing their tension.
听到这个有趣的故事，所有人都大笑起来，缓解了紧张情绪。
be dressed in穿着
say goodbye to向……说再见
be reluctant to do不愿做
be pleased with对……满意
be composed of由……组成
set off出发；动身；引爆Unit 2　Lessons in life
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
be reunited with (使)重聚
After years of continuous searching，the couple were ultimately reunited with their lost child.
经过多年的不断寻找，这对夫妇最终与他们失散的孩子团聚。
weaken v．(使)虚弱
·weak adj.虚弱的
be weak in...在……方面弱；不善于……
·weakly adv.虚弱地
·weakness n．弱点；虚弱
strengths and weaknesses优缺点
pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
·be pessimistic about对……感到悲观
·pessimist n．悲观主义者
·pessimistically adv.悲观地
·pessimism n．悲观；悲观情绪；悲观主义
anticipate v．预期，预料
·anticipate doing sth预料做某事；期盼做某事
It is anticipated that...据预测……
·anticipation n．预料，预期；期盼，期望
in anticipation of 期待着……；预料
As had been anticipated，he succeeded in solving the complex problem on his own.
不出所料，他成功地独自解决了这个复杂的问题。
possession n．财产，财物
·take possession of 占有；拥有
be in possession of拥有……
be in the possession of＝be in one’s possession(某物)被(某人)拥有
·possess vt.拥有；具有
be possessed of具有；拥有
·possessive adj.占有欲强的；有独占欲望的
Though he has possessed a large quantity of treasures，he is eager to take possession of more.
尽管他已经拥有了大量的财富，但他渴望拥有更多。
abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的
·abnormally adv.不正常地；反常地
·normal adj.正常的
·normally adv.通常；正常地
widespread adj.广泛流传的
recognition n．承认，认可
·recogniz(s)e v．承认，认可
·recogniz(s)able adj.易于识别的，容易认出的
phrase n．成语，习语；警句
cooperate v．合作，协作
·cooperate with...与……合作
·cooperative adj.合作的；协作的
·cooperation n．合作；配合
·cooperator n．合作者
Being a very helpful and cooperative man，the trainee is willing to cooperate with others and in turn，the cooperation benefits him as well.
作为一个非常乐于助人和有合作精神的人，这个实习生愿意与他人合作，反过来这种合作也对他有利。
fee n．工作酬金，服务费
·university fees 大学学费
lose one’s way迷路
look out for当心
a series of一系列
far from远非；绝不
tend to do倾向于做
Teens tend to be influenced by various social media and thus follow suit.
青少年往往会受到各种社交媒体的影响，因此也会效仿。
get through完成；度过；穿过
Without your encouragement and comfort，I couldn’t have got through the tough times.
如果没有你的鼓舞和安慰，我不可能度过那些艰难的时光。
keep in touch with和……保持联系
to the full充分地；彻底地
Whatever circumstances we are under，we should live our life to the full.
无论我们在什么情况下，我们都应该充实地生活。
pass on传递；传下去
They have come to us to pass on their precious experience.
他们来给我们传授宝贵经验了。晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
Sinologist n．汉学家
temple n．庙宇，寺院
tune n．曲调，旋律
be in/out of tune (with sb/sth)(与……)(不)协调/(不)一致
tune in (to sth) 收听(收音机广播节目)；收看(电视节目)
Some views of the historian are out of tune with those of the Sinologist.
历史学家的一些观点与汉学家的不一致。
shepherd n．牧羊人
historian n．历史学家
history n．历史
historic adj.历史上著名的，历史性的
historical adj.(有关)历史的；历史学的
prior adj.先前的；较早的
prior to 在……之前，先于……
priority n．优先处理的事；优先权
genius n．天才，天赋
chamber n．房间
romance n．传奇故事
romantic adj.浪漫的
romanticism n．浪漫主义
kingdom n．王国
stratagem n．计谋，策略
strategy n．战略；策略
strategic adj.战略上的；战略性的
enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
be accessible to易于接近；容易为……理解的
Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village，so it is not accessible to the outside now.
倒塌的岩石切断了通往村庄的唯一通道，所以现在无法到外面去。
be familiar to为……所熟悉
He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own.
他谈起其他文化时似乎比对他自己的文化还要熟悉。
be exposed to...暴露于……；接触
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can speak English with great fluency.
我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够十分流利地说英语。
have a profound effect on对……有深远的影响
There is no denying that The Analects has a profound effect on Chinese culture.
不可否认，《论语》对中国文化有着深远的影响。
now that既然
come true实现
in addition (to)此外，另外
In addition to reading for numerous knowledge，we read for fun and inspiration.
我们阅读除了是为了获得大量知识，也是为了获得乐趣和灵感。
keep a close eye on密切关注
on the whole总的来说
think highly of高度评价
strike a chord引起共鸣
The speaker has obviously struck a chord with his audience.
那位演讲者显然引起了听众的共鸣。Unit 3　The world meets China
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
gateway n．通向……的门户
London’s Heathrow Airport is the dominant gateway to Europe.
伦敦的希思罗机场是通向欧洲的主要门户。
oasis n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
For those in the depth of despair，your timely help is surely an oasis in a desert.
对于那些深陷绝望的人来说，你的及时帮助无疑是沙漠中的绿洲。
glorious adj.辉煌的
glory n．光荣
boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
boast of/about夸耀；炫耀
grotto n．小洞穴
testimony n．证据；证明
be testimony to...是……的证明
The glorious statues are testimony to his amazing skills.
这些壮观的雕像证明了他惊人的技艺。
statue n．雕像；塑像
mural n．壁画
religious adj.宗教的
religion n．宗教
Apsaras n．飞天
immortal n．神
heavenly adj.天国的
heaven n．天堂；天国
The scenery of Jiuzhaigou is so heavenly that it makes visitors feel like in heaven.
九寨沟的景色太美了，让游客有一种置身天堂的感觉。
peak n．高峰，顶点
scroll n．纸卷，卷轴
ceramics n．陶瓷制品
crossroads n．活动中心，汇集地
The city was situated at the crossroads to the great trade centres of Europe.
这座城市位于通往欧洲各大贸易中心的十字路口。
expo n．展览会，博览会
strengthen v．加强
strength n．力气；强项
strengths and weaknesses长处和短处
strong adj.强壮的
Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses，so we should try to strengthen the former to make us stronger.
每个人都有自己的长处和短处，所以我们应该努力加强前者，使我们更强大。
coverage n．覆盖范围
cover v．遮盖；包含；报道；足以支付
uncover v．揭发
scholar n．学者
scholarship n．奖学金；学问
department n．(大学的)系，部
institute n．学院；研究院
institution n．机构；习俗；制度
cover an area of...覆盖面积……
vary from...to...在……到……之间变动
I call on all of us to strengthen mutual understanding because tastes and preferences vary from person to person.
我呼吁大家加强对彼此的了解，因为人的品味和爱好各有不同。
be unique to...是……独有的
in detail详细地
date from起源于
to name just a few仅举几例
seal up密封住，封存起来
fade from...从……中逐渐消逝
The days we spent together will fix in my mind，never fading from my memory.
那些我们一起度过的日子我将铭记在心，永远不会淡忘。
bring...to life使……苏醒/活跃起来
The scholar can always come up with some ways to bring his speech to life.
这位学者总是能想出一些方法使他的演讲生动起来。晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
toddler n．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩
sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸
sorrowful adj.使人伤心的；悲伤的
Hearing the sorrowful news，she shed tears of deep sorrow and great regret.
听到这个悲伤的消息，她流下了悲痛和悔恨的泪水。
frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧
frustrating adj.令人沮丧的
frustrate v．使懊丧；使沮丧
frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
The frustrating news got the freshman into deep frustration.
这个令人沮丧的消息使这名大一新生深感沮丧。
hire v．(短期的)租用，租借
designer clothes名牌服装
rent out 出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
Having got into debt，he planned to rent out his house to make ends meet.
由于负债，他打算把房子租出去以维持生计。
thereby adv.因此，由此
Regular exercise strengthens the heart，thereby reducing the risk of heart attack.
经常锻炼增强心脏机能，从而减少心脏病发作的危险。
supervision n．监督；管理
supervise v．监督；管理
supervisor n．监督人；指导者
expense n．费用，花费
at the expense of 以损害……为代价
expensive adj.昂贵的
No country should develop its economy at the expense of its environment.
任何国家都不应该以损害自己的环境为代价发展经济。
abuse n．滥用
theft n．偷窃，偷盗
purse n．(女式)钱包
be beneficial to对……有益
take off突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
a response to对……的回应
in response to回答，答复；对……响应
My partner never hesitates to offer his assistance in response to my trouble.
对于我的难题，我的搭档总是毫不犹豫地为我提供帮助。
at rock-bottom prices以最低价格
If you invest now，you will be buying at rock-bottom prices.
如果你现在投资，你将以最低价购买。
cut down on削减
There is no doubt that reusable bags would cut down on waste in the environment.毫无疑问，可重复使用的袋子将减少环境中的废物。
do a favour for sb帮某人的忙
as is often the case这是常有的事
As is often the case，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.
我们可能从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。
take advantage of利用
be subject to从属于；受……影响的
be relevant to与……有关
One’s educational background is not directly relevant to his work performance.一个人的教育背景和他的工作表现没有直接的关联。Unit 4　Everyday economics
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
forehead n．额，前额
blank adj.无表情的，木然的；空白的 n．(纸张上的)空白处，空格
go blank脑子突然一片空白；(屏幕等)一片空白
blank expression/look茫然的表情
fill in/out the blank填空
When stared at by him，I would go blank，totally not knowing what to do next.
当我被他盯着看时，我会一片茫然，完全不知道下一步该怎么办。
dizzy adj.头晕目眩的
The moment I went into the crowded room，I felt dizzy for lack of oxygen.
一进入这个拥挤的房间，我就因为缺氧感到头晕目眩。
chairwoman n．女主席；女会长
sunrise n．日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓
potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 adj.潜在的；可能的
have the potential to do sth有潜力做某事
achieve/fulfill/reach one’s (full) potential(充分)发挥某人的潜能
potentially adv.潜在地，可能地
I’m convinced that you have the potential to become an excellent comedian since you have a great sense of humor.
我相信你有潜力成为一名出色的喜剧演员，因为你有很强的幽默感。
bug n．突然的兴趣，迷恋
be bitten by the...bug对……产生浓厚兴趣
Obviously，she is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug.
显然，她并不是唯一的迷恋创业的年轻人。
enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的
enterprise n．企业；事业；事业心
enterpriser n．企业家
entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的
input n．投入(物)
output n．输出；(人、机器、机构的)产量
obstacle n．障碍，阻碍，妨碍
It’s under your generous guidance that we are capable of smoothing away the obstacles on our way.
正是在你的慷慨指导下，我们才有能力消除前进道路上的障碍。
phase n．阶段，时期
manufacturer n．制造商；制造公司，制造厂
manufacture n．& v．制造；(用机器)大量生产
cosmetics n．化妆品，美容品
purchase v．购买
distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销；分配；分布；分发
distribute v．分配；分发；分销
distributor n．经销商；分销商
bonus n．奖金；红利
guidance n．指导，引导
guide v．指导；带领 n．向导；导游
With the guidance of the guide，we thoroughly explored the mysterious island.
在导游的带领下，我们对这个神秘的岛屿彻底地进行了探索。
consultant n．顾问
consult v．查阅；请教；咨询；商量
consultation n．就诊；咨询
conventional adj.传统的，常规的
unconventional adj.非常规的
convention n．习俗；常规；惯例；公约
discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视
discrimination n．区别对待；歧视
racial/gender/age discrimination种族/性别/年龄歧视
equator n．赤道
estate n．庄园
superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的
superiority n．优越感；优越(性)；优势
inferior adj.低级别的；较差的，次的
be superior/inferior to比……高级/低级
All the people are born equal，and no one is superior to another，so you shouldn’t discriminate against them with a superiority.
所有人生来平等，没有人比别人优越，所以你不应该带着优越感去歧视他们。
mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的
She is not a strongly enterprising person，only with a mild expectation for her future career.
她不是一个事业心很强的人，对未来的职业稍有期望。
calorie n．卡(路里)
subjective adj.主观的
subject n．主题；学科；科目；话题；题目；主语
objective adj.客观的
freshman n．(高中或大学的)一年级学生
make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵
afloat adj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的
interfere v．介入；干涉
interfere with 妨碍，阻止
interference n．干涉；干预
rational adj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的
exceed v．超过，超出
What’s worse，the expense of their trip greatly exceeded their anticipation.
更糟糕的是，他们旅行的费用大大超出了他们的预期。
go into debt 陷入债务之中，负债
During the financial crisis，many manufacturers couldn’t make ends meet and went into debt.
金融危机期间，许多制造商入不敷出，债台高筑。
financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的
finance n．金融；财政 v．提供资金
financially adv.财政上，金融上，经济上
accumulate v．积累，积聚
accumulation n．积累，积聚
automatically adv.自动地
automatic adj.自动的
automate v．使自动化
as to至于
be fond of喜欢
Even though I am fond of painting，my parents ban me from majoring in painting.
尽管我喜欢画画，但我的父母禁止我以其为专业。
row upon row of一排排的
Row upon row of newly-built warehouses line the waterfront.
江岸新建的仓库鳞次栉比。
end up最终成为；最后处于
He encountered some financial difficulties and ended up going deep into debt.
他遇到了一些经济困难，最后负债累累。
in the hope of...希望……
I am writing to you in the hope of asking you for some professional guidance.
我写信给你，希望能向你寻求一些专业指导。
start out出发，开始；开始从事，着手；最初是
be willing to愿意……
Knowing that you are coming across some obstacles，I am willing to give you some guidance and assistance.
得知你遇到了一些困难，我愿意给你一些指导和帮助。
contribute to对……做贡献；促进
Great people contribute to overall mankind while famous people do everything for their own benefit.
伟人为全人类做出贡献，而名人做任何事都是为了自己的利益。
for the first time第一次
bear in mind牢记……
Bear in mind that your entry must be within 800 words，otherwise it would not be admitted.
请记住，你的参赛作品必须在800词以内，否则将不被录用。晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
shipwreck n．失事的船，沉船
archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的
· archaeology n．考古学
· archaeologist n．考古学家
I am deeply interested in archaeology and desire to be an archaeologist after graduation contributing to our country’s archaeological cause.
我对考古学很感兴趣，毕业后想成为一名考古学家，为我国的考古事业做出贡献。
coral n．珊瑚
millimetre n．毫米
upwards adv.向上，朝上
trench n．海沟
equivalent adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
·equivalence n．(用途、功能、尺寸、价值等)相等，对等，相同
·the equivalent of/to相当于
be equivalent to等同于
stack v．(使)整齐地堆起；摞起 n．一叠，一摞，一堆
· a stack of/stacks of大量，许多
There are stacks of books randomly arranged on your table，and why not stack them tidily
你的桌子上胡乱地堆放着许多书，为什么不把它们整齐地堆放起来呢？
furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的
· note v．注意；指出
· notably adv.显要地；显著地
His workmates noted that he had made notable contributions to the company and notably played a role.
他的同事们指出，他为公司做出了显著贡献，发挥了显著作用。
substance n．物质
· substantial adj.大量的；重大的
There is substantial evidence that not all mushrooms of this kind have such poisonous substances in them.有大量证据表明，并非所有这种蘑菇都含有这种有毒物质。
vessel n．船；舰
drilling n．钻探；勘探
· drill v．钻孔；演习 n．训练；钻孔机
vol(＝volume) n．(书的)卷，册
My parents presented me with an encyclopedia in 20 volumes on my 12th birthday.
在我12岁生日那天，父母送给我一本20卷的百科全书。
beyond the reach of超出……的范围
hold/keep the record保持纪录
be familiar to为……所熟悉
if any如果有的话
set sail启航
offer a window into提供了……窗口
Social networks offer a window into how people live their lives.
社交网络提供了一个了解人们如何生活的窗口。Unit 5　Into the unknown
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
civilisation n．文明(社会)
· civilise v．使文明；教化
· civilised adj.文明的
· civil adj.文明的，有礼貌的；公民的
intrigue v．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心
How the ancient people built enormous pyramids without any outer force intrigues me a lot，and I intend to do some thorough investigations.
古代人是如何在没有任何外力的情况下建造巨大的金字塔的，这让我很感兴趣，并且我打算做一些详尽的调查。
bury v．将……埋在下面
Realizing she was being spied on，the girl was frightened to cry，burying her face in her hands.
意识到自己被人监视，女孩吓得哭了起来，双手把脸捂住。
pyramid n．金字塔
astronomy n．天文学
· astronomer n．天文学家
· astronaut n．宇航员
The outstanding astronomer devotes himself to studying astronomy all his life.
这位杰出的天文学家一生致力于研究天文学。
canal n．运河
tropical adj.来自热带的；产于热带的
It is a typical tropical crop which is native to the African continent.
它是一种典型的热带作物，原产于非洲大陆。
downfall n．衰败
No one knew exactly the reasons for its downfall until the 20th century.
直到20世纪才有人知道其衰落的确切原因。
ruin n．残垣断壁，废墟
· fall into ruin (因无人照料而)衰落，败落
The magnitude 8.0 earthquake ruined the area and everything fell into ruin.
那场8.0级的地震摧毁了这个地区，使一切都成了废墟。
abandon v．离弃，逃离
· abandoned adj.被离弃的；被遗弃的
While his parents abandoned him at a young age，neither did he abandon hope nor did he submit himself to his miserable fate.
虽然他的父母在他很小的时候就抛弃了他，但他既没有放弃希望，也没有屈服于悲惨的命运。
dismiss v．拒绝考虑，否定
· dismiss...from...解雇，开除；摒弃，消除
· dismissal n．解雇，开除；不予考虑，摒弃
Workers dismissed by the manufacturer were on strike to protest against their unfair dismissal.
被制造商解雇的工人举行罢工，抗议他们被不公正解雇。
expansion n．扩大；增加
· expand v．使变大；伸展；扩大，扩展；增加
expand into扩展/发展成
expand on/upon详述；详细阐明
Although expanding business in foreign countries is more difficult，the expansion of overseas business can generate enormous profits.
虽然在国外拓展业务更加困难，但海外业务的拓展可以产生巨大的利润。
getaway n．逃跑，逃走
· make a getaway 逃跑，逃走
The gunman attempted to make a getaway on a stolen motorbike but failed.
枪手试图骑着偷来的摩托车逃跑，但没有成功。
run for one’s life逃命
Under that dangerous circumstance，it is one’s instinct to run for one’s life.
在那种危险的情况下，逃命是一个人的本能。
check out调查，检查；结账离开(旅馆等)
· check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记
We will check in our accommodation at 7 pm on July 8 and check out in four days and before setting out，remember to check out everything.
我们将于7月8日晚上7点入住，四天后退房，出发前，记得检查好一切。
test the waters试水，试探
Sometimes people get curious and want to test the waters.
有时人们会感到好奇，想要试试。
steer clear of 避开……；从……处脱身
It is a custom that when you talk with an unfamiliar woman，you’d better steer clear of age.
当你和一个不熟悉的女人交谈时，你最好避开年龄，这是一种习俗。
retreat v．后退；离开；退避
Bored with the conversation，she retreated to her bedroom and closed the door.
她厌倦了这样的交谈，便躲进了自己的卧室，关上了门。
subdue v．克制，抑制(情绪)
·subdued adj.闷闷不乐的；抑郁的
Actually，compared with infants，toddlers are less likely to subdue their feelings.
事实上，与婴儿相比，学步儿童更不太可能抑制自己的情绪。
the unknown不为人知的地方，人类尚未到达的地方
Growth always comes with risk，because it involves the unknown.
成长总要有风险，因为它涉及未知。
set out动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
Bold researchers decided to set out to delve the unknown world.
大胆的研究人员决定着手探索未知的世界。
uncharted adj.地图上没有标明的
They set off into the country’s uncharted interior.
他们出发前往这个国家人迹罕至的内陆。
delve v．探究，探索
throw oneself into积极投入到……中去
Intrigued by amazing astronomy，the boy determined to throw himself into the unknown area.
那个男孩被神奇的天文学所吸引，决心投身于这一未知的领域。
think twice再三考虑，慎重考虑
Think twice before making any important decisions，otherwise you will deeply regret.
在做任何重要决定之前要三思，否则你会深感后悔。
shrink v．退缩，畏缩
· shrink from 避免做，不愿做
I complained that the sweater purchased in their store shrank when washed，but the shop assistant seemed to shrink from the responsibility.
我抱怨在他们店里买的毛衣洗后缩水了，但店员好像不愿承担责任。
look into调查(问题)
The detective had buried himself in looking into the food poisoning mystery and after months of thorough investigation，he finally solved the case.
这位侦探埋头调查食物中毒之谜，经过几个月的彻底调查后，他终于破案了。
investigation n．调查
· investigate v．调查
· investigator n．调查者，侦查员
correspond to与……相符，相当于
After a series of investigations，they found that the previous description didn’t correspond to the facts.
经过一系列的调查，他们发现之前的描述与事实不符。
apply...to...把……应用到……
all the more更加
Given that he has accumulated rich knowledge through self-learning，I admire him all the more.
鉴于他通过自学积累了丰富的知识，我更加钦佩他。
at sth’s peak在……的巅峰
Establishing her own cosmetics brand makes her feel at her life’s peak.
建立自己的化妆品品牌让她感觉自己处于人生的巅峰。
bury oneself in/be buried in专心于，埋头于
He was constantly buried in building castles in the air，never taking any practical action.
他总是埋头空想，从未采取任何实际行动。
on top of除……之外，在……之上
On top of all that，rising fuel prices are squeezing home budgets even more
除此之外，不断上涨的燃料价格正在进一步挤压家庭预算。晨背二　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
[对应默写练习二]
telescope n．望远镜
The observational work is carried out on a range of telescopes.
观测工作借助于各种望远镜。
the naked eye肉眼
The Galaxy consists of hundreds of billions of stars，most of which are invisible to the naked eye.
银河系由数千亿颗恒星组成，其中大部分是肉眼看不见的。
angle v．斜置
It is pointing upwards at an angle of 45 degrees.
它向上指向45度角的方向。
galaxy n．星系
A galaxy of twinkling stars matched the thousands of sparkling city lights.
闪烁的繁星与城内闪耀的万家灯火交相辉映。
cosmic adj.宇宙的
Cosmic ray particles are not directly observed on the surface of Earth.
宇宙射线粒子不能直接在地球表面观测到。
conceivably adv.可以相信地；可想象地
conceivable adj.可以想象的；可信的
conceive v．想出(主意、计划等)；想象；构想
It is hard to conceive how surprised you will be when you see his performance.
难以想象，当你看到他的表现时，你会有多惊讶。
particle n．粒子
1960s，scientists came up with the theory that protons and neutrons are composed of three smaller particles.
20世纪60年代，科学家们提出了质子和中子是由三个更小的粒子组成的理论。
invisible adj.看不见的
visible adj.明显的；看得见的
be invisible/visible to看不到/看到
invisibly adv.看不见地；看不出地
invisibility n．看不见；隐形
vision n．视力；视觉
We must take measures to break down the invisible social obstacles that keeps people from saying hello.
我们必须采取措施，打破人们不打招呼的无形社会障碍。
straightforward adj.简单的；率直的
straightforwardly adv.直截了当地
He was a straightforward man，who screamed out his dissatisfaction straightforwardly when unfairly treated.
他是一个率直的人，当受到不公平的待遇时，他会直截了当地大叫着说出自己的不满。
self-discipline n．自我约束，自律
self-disciplined adj.自律的
discipline n．训练；(遵守)纪律；行为准则；自制力
When it comes to distance learning，self-discipline plays a vital role，so we must be highly self-disciplined.
当谈到远程学习时，自律起着至关重要的作用，因此我们必须高度自律。
fetch v．(去)拿来
I would appreciate it if you could stop staring at me and fetch some water for me.
如果你能停止盯着我看，给我取些水来，我将不胜感激。
muscle n．肌肉
Regular exercise helps to strengthen muscles and improve overall fitness.
经常锻炼有助于增强肌肉和改善整体健康状况。
pepper n．胡椒粉
I accidentally breathed in some pepper powders and sneezed continuously.
我不小心吸入了一些胡椒粉，不停地打喷嚏。
sneeze v．打喷嚏
One of the tips to prevent spreading virus is to cover your mouth and nose with tissues when you sneeze.
预防病毒传播的方法之一是打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住嘴和鼻子。
disc n．激光唱片；光碟，光盘
in reality事实上；实际上
In reality，the people that surround you have a huge impact on your current mood.
事实上，你周围的人对你当前的情绪有着巨大的影响。
be similar to与……相似
His teaching style is not similar to that of most other teachers，which makes him stand out.
他的教学风格与大多数其他老师的不同，这使他脱颖而出。
work out计算出；弄清楚；解决；思考；做运动
Tragically，no one can find a proper solution to working out such an awkward problem.
可悲的是，没有人能找到解决这样一个尴尬问题的合适办法。
be engaged in忙于；从事
She is a person with high self-discipline who is always engaged in her academic research.
她是一个非常自律的人，总是忙于她的学术研究。
in the search for寻找
In the search for the truth，he also met many awesome people and things.
在追求真相的过程中，他也遇到了许多令人敬畏的人和事。
be composed of由……组成/构成
My composition on how to live a green life was composed of three parts.
我的关于如何过绿色生活的作文由三部分组成。
look back on/at/to回顾，回忆
New Year is an occasion when people look back to the past and look forward to the future.
新年是人们回顾过去、展望未来的时刻。
quest for追求；探索；设法找到
She had suffered her own share of ups and downs in the quest for being famous.
在追求成名的道路上，她经历了许许多多的起起伏伏。
on a regular basis定期；经常
His blood pressure was taken on a regular basis before he completely recovered.
在他完全康复之前，他的血压被定期测量。
carry out实施，执行
I do believe that I have the ability to carry out the work，so please consider my application.
我相信我有能力开展这项工作，所以请考虑我的申请。Unit 6　Space and beyond
晨背一　Starting out，Understanding ideas & Using language
[对应默写练习一]
become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事
The immigrants have been accustomed to the life in the tropics.
移民们已经习惯了热带地区的生活。
notion n．概念；观点；看法
I have only a vague notion of what might happen next，thus not willing to express my notions in public.
我对接下来可能发生的事情只有一个模糊的概念，因此不愿意在公开场合表达我的看法。
hazardous adj.危险的，不安全的
hazard n．危险；危害 v．使处于危险中
My notion is that the hazardous animal will pose a great hazard to visitors，so we should ban people from coming near.
我的观点是，这种危险的动物会对游客构成巨大的危险，所以我们应该禁止人们靠近。
unexceptional adj.平常的
exceptional adj.杰出的；特别的
exceptionally adv.非常，特别；在特殊情况下
exception n．例外(的事物)
except prep.& v．除了
except for 除……之外
I don’t think our excursion was an unexceptional experience，except for the incident in return trip.
我认为我们的远足是一次非凡的经历，除了归程中的一个小插曲。
shuttle n．航天飞机
the space shuttle 航天飞机
It was reported that the space shuttle had blasted off at 04：38.
据报道，航天飞机已经于凌晨4点38分发射升空。
excursion n．(有特定目的的)短途旅行
We strongly recommend an excursion to the West Lake when visiting our city.
我们强烈建议在游览我们的城市时游览西湖。
rekindle v．重新激起，重新唤起
It was your generous help and comfort that rekindled my hope of life.
是你的慷慨帮助和安慰重新点燃了我对生活的希望。
tragically adv.悲惨地，不幸地
tragic adj.悲剧的，悲惨的
tragedy n．悲剧
A large number of characters died tragically in many Shakespeare’s tragedies because of those tragic incidents.
在莎士比亚的许多悲剧中，许多人物都因为这些悲剧事件而悲惨地死去。
instantaneously adv.瞬间地
instantaneous adj.瞬间的
instantly adv.立即；马上
instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的
the instant＝instantly conj.一……就……
Instantaneously，I realised that my pessimistic comments may cast a shadow on the crew，so I instantly changed my tone and sang high praise for the progress they had made.
我立刻意识到，我的悲观言论可能会给船员们蒙上阴影，所以我立即改变了语气，对他们所取得的进步赞不绝口。
shadow n．坏影响，阴影
cast a shadow on/over 给……蒙上阴影
Knowing that they were fighting a losing battle cast a shadow over/on all the football players.
得知他们正在进行一场徒劳之战，这给所有的足球运动员都蒙上了阴影。
scream v．(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
Hearing the bad news，the captain burst into anger，screaming loudly to the crew.
听到这个坏消息，船长勃然大怒，大声向船员大叫。
suspend v．暂停，中止
suspension n．停职；悬浮；暂停，中止
The naughty boy was suspended from school for screaming at his teachers.
那个淘气的男孩因对老师大喊大叫而被停课。
crew n．(飞机上的)全体机组人员
Tragically，a plane crashed into a hill，but fortunately，none of the passengers or crew were badly injured.
不幸的是，一架飞机撞上了一座小山，但幸运的是，没有乘客和机组人员受重伤。
simulated adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的
simulator n．(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器
simulate v．模仿；假装；冒充
simulation n．模拟，仿真；假装；冒充
The space simulator completely simulates the space environment.
太空模拟器完全模拟太空环境。
lifelike adj.(图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的
These lifelike statues can only make one marvel.
这些惟妙惟肖的雕像实在令人叹为观止。
submit v．提交
submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服
All applicants should submit a paper application before May 1st，or the submissions won’t be accepted.
所有申请人应在5月1日前提交纸质申请，否则申请将不被接受。
awesome adj.很好的，了不起的
Her ballet performance was just awesome，which left a deep impression on judges.
她的芭蕾舞表演非常棒，给评委们留下了深刻的印象。
set foot on踏上
The moment you set foot on the land，you will fall in love with it.
当你踏上这片土地的那一刻，你就会爱上它。
one’s heart in one’s mouth某人的心提到嗓子眼
With their hearts in their mouths，people stared at the screen nervously.
人们盯着屏幕极度紧张，心都提到了嗓子眼。
be aware of意识到
It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry was aware of her habit of finding fault.
直到她的朋友受到严重伤害，凯瑞才意识到她爱找碴的习惯。
make it to 成功到达
I’m sorry that I can’t make it to your birthday party this evening because of something unexpected.
很抱歉，因为一些意外情况我今晚不能去参加你的生日聚会了。
take off起飞
The accident happened as the space shuttle was about to take off the other day.
几天前航天飞机正要起飞时发生了事故。
tune in收听；收看
We always tune in to the latest news at ten o’clock to know better about the world.
我们总是在十点钟收听最新新闻，以便更好地了解这个世界。
reach for接近；向……靠近
Don’t reach for things at the table；instead，ask others to have them passed.
不要伸手去够桌子上的东西，而是请其他人帮你传过来。
sign up for报名参加
I signed up for an excursion，where I learned a lot about the ancient Egyptian civilisation
我报名参加了一次短途旅行，在那里我学到了很多关于古埃及文明的知识。

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