资源简介

晨背二　Lesson 1　[对应默写练习二]
theory n．学说，理论
·theoretical adj.理论上的
·theoretically adv.理论上
·in theory 理论上
In reality the theory provides a good theoretical framework for China’s foreign language teaching.事实上，该理论为中国的外语教学提供了良好的理论框架。
chain n．一连串，一系列；链子，链条
·a chain of一系列；一连串(人或事)
His speech relates to a variety of plants，which are the base of the food chain.
他的演讲涉及各种各样的植物，这些植物处于食物链的最底层。
impression n．印象，感想
·impressive adj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的
·impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目
·impressed adj.对……印象深刻的；受感动的
·leave/make an impression on/upon...给……留下印象
first impression 第一印象
·impress sth on/upon sb＝impress sb with sth使某人铭记某事，使某人意识到(……的重要性)；某事/物给某人留下深刻印象
·be impressed by/with...被……打动
Firstly，his impressive personality impresses me greatly.Secondly，his ability to organize activities also makes an impression on me.首先，他令人钦佩的个性给我留下了深刻的印象。其次，他组织活动的能力也给我留下了深刻的印象。
network n．人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统
Having worked in the same bakery for years，she has built a good network of friends.
在同一家面包店工作多年，她建立了良好的朋友网。
sociologist n．社会学家
·social adj.社会的；社交的
·society n．社会；社团
·socialize v．社交，交际
As the famous sociologist said，to fit into society as soon as possible，I should join social associations，where I can learn how to socialize with others.正如著名社会学家所说，为了尽快融入社会，我应该加入社会团体，在那里我可以学会如何与他人交往。
random adj.随机的，随意的
·randomly adv.随意地，随机
·at random随便地，随意
How likely is that two randomly selected people have different backgrounds？To know the answer，the team interviewed 200 people at random in this area.两个随机选择的人背景不同的可能性有多大？为了知道答案，研究小组在这个地区随机采访了200人。
parcel n．包裹；邮包 v．打包
The beautiful girl is parceling her parcels，which contain what she needs for traveling to Czech Republic.
那个漂亮的女孩正在打包她的包裹，里面装着她去捷克共和国旅行所需要的东西。
release vt.& n．发表，发布；释放
·release...from...从……释放/放出/放走
be released into被排放到；被释放到
release stress/emotions 释放压力/发泄情感
·on release发行，上映
There is no doubt that a balanced diet and regular exercise can release your tension and anxiety.
毫无疑问，均衡的饮食和规律的运动可以释放你的紧张和焦虑。
bimonthly adj.两月一次的；一月两次的
·monthly adj.每月的；每月一次的
These machines have to be examined bimonthly to guarantee that they can function well.
这些机器必须每两个月检查一次，以保证它们能正常运转。
I have made up my mind to read two books on a monthly basis to widen my knowledge.
我已下定决心每月读两本书来扩大我的知识面。
phrase n．成语，习语；警句
What left a deep impression on me was that as a foreigner he memorized lots of Chinese phrases.
作为一个外国人，他记住了那么多汉语成语，给我留下了深刻的印象。
refer to提到；涉及；指的是；查阅；参考
be connected to/with...与……有关联；与……有联系
no more than只是，仅仅；不超过
make an attempt to do尝试做……
be based on以……为基础晨背三　Lesson 2　[对应默写练习三]
additionally adv.除此之外，此外
·additional adj.附加的，另外的，追加的
·addition n．增加物，添加物
·add vt.增加；添加
·in addition＝additionally此外
in addition to(＝as well as，besides，apart from)除……之外(还有)(to为介词，后跟名词或动名词)
·add to增添，增加
add...to...把……增加到……
add up 把……加起来；合计
add up to 合计为；结果是
Additionally/In addition，to apply the theory to practice，we still have some additional work to do and shall I add your name to the list
另外，为了将理论应用于实践，我们还有一些额外的工作要做，我可以把你的名字加到名单上吗？
closely-knit adj.紧密联结在一起的
With the development of technology，nowadays every city has a closely-knit telephone network.
随着技术的发展，如今每个城市都有一个紧密相连的电话网络。
frequently adv.经常地，频繁地
·frequent adj.频繁的，经常的
·frequency n．发生的频率，发生率
I frequently went to the grocery，so eventually got familiar with its owner.
我经常去杂货店，所以后来对店老板很熟悉。
household n．一家人，同住一栋房子的人
Many households who take out a loan are on a tight budget and they have to tighten their belts.
很多有贷款的家庭预算紧张，他们不得不勒紧裤腰带过日子。
outskirts n．市郊，郊区，远离城市中心的地区
As they approached the outskirts of the city，Ella’s mood obviously lightened.
随着他们越来越接近市郊，埃拉的心情明显变得轻松了。
bond n．纽带，联系
In some cultures，friendship means a strong lifelong bond between two people.
在有些文化中，友谊就是两个人之间终生的深厚关系。
consequence n．后果
·consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的
·consequently adv.因此
·as a consequence/in consequence因此
·as a consequence of/in consequence of(＝because of/due to)由于
As a consequence of his gradual progress in his studies，he is getting optimistic and active.
由于学习上的逐渐进步，他变得乐观、积极起来。
His success was consequent on his teacher’s constant encouragement and consequently/As a consequence，he was admitted into a key university.
他的成功是老师持续不断鼓励的结果，最终他被一所名牌大学录取。
be involved in参与；卷入；涉及
rather than而不是
according to根据
consist of由……组成
protect...from...保护……免受……
get/be close to接近，靠近；亲近晨背四　Lesson 3，Writing Workshop & Reading Club
[对应默写练习四]
gable n．山墙，三角墙
adopt vi.& vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等
·adoption n．收养；采纳
The young couple was persuaded to adopt the poor boy and the adoption could guarantee the boy a secure life.
这对年轻夫妇被说服收养了这个可怜的男孩，他们的收养能保证这个男孩有一个安心的生活。
I sincerely hope that you can adopt my suggestions on how to appeal to more people to take measures.
我真诚地希望你能采纳我关于如何呼吁更多人采取措施的建议。
stiff adj.挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的
freeze vi.& vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结
·freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
·frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的
freeze (sb) to death(把某人)冻死
freezing cold 极其寒冷
On a freezing cold day，the water in the river froze and I was almost frozen stiff.
在一个极冷的日子里，河里的水结冰了，我几乎被冻僵了。
amazement n．吃惊，惊奇
·amaze vt.使惊奇
·amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的
·amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的
·(much) to one’s amazement 令某人(非常)吃惊的是
in amazement惊讶地；吃惊地
·be amazed at/by...对……感到惊讶
To our amazement，he has made extremely amazing progress，which also amazed his parents.
令我们惊讶的是，他取得了非常惊人的进步，这也让他的父母感到惊讶。
clasp vt.握紧，抱紧 n．紧握，紧抱
burst into突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)
·burst into tears＝burst out crying 突然大哭起来
burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然大笑起来
·a burst of laughter/applause/anger一阵大笑/喝彩声/发怒
Hearing his funny story，all people burst into laughter，releasing their tension.
听到他的有趣故事，所有人都突然大笑起来，缓解了他们的紧张情绪。
proceed vi.继续进行，继续做
Faced with failure again and again，he wasn’t lost in despair；instead，he proceeded to pursue his dream and won the election eventually.
面对一次又一次的失败，他没有陷入绝望；相反，他继续追求自己的梦想，最终赢得了选举。
reveal vt.展现，显露；揭示，揭露
As a matter of fact，compared with comedies，I prefer tragedies that/which reveal the reality.
事实上，与喜剧相比，我更喜欢揭示现实的悲剧作品。
tear-stained adj.有泪痕的
orphan n．孤儿
When we saw his bare feet and skinny arms，we appealed to the related department to offer help to the orphan.
当我们看到他光着的脚和瘦削的手臂时，我们呼吁有关部门向这个孤儿提供帮助。
investigate vi.& vt.查明，调查，侦查
·investigation n．调查，研究
The two sides decided to set up a committee to investigate the matter and they would announce the result of their investigation before May 5.
双方决定成立委员会以调查这件事，并会在5月5日之前公布调查结果。
sigh n．& vi.叹息，叹气
Seeing so much dust on the curtains，he frowned，sighed and then began to clean the dusty curtains.
看到窗帘上有这么多灰尘，他皱了皱眉头，叹了口气，然后开始打扫布满灰尘的窗帘。
despair n．绝望
·in despair 在绝望中
There are many circumstances where Oliver，an orphan，sinks to the depths of despair，feeling extremely pessimistic about his future.
在许多情况下，孤儿奥利弗会陷入绝望的深渊，对自己的未来感到极度悲观。
dare n．& vi.胆敢，敢于
Seeing that her daughter was so frightened that she didn’t dare to walk onto the stage，the father frowned.
看到女儿吓得不敢走上台，父亲皱了皱眉头。
bare adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的
faucet n．水龙头
shiver n．& vi.颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
Noticing a boy stand outside shivering，the lady asked him to come inside and get warm.
看到一个男孩站在外面瑟瑟发抖，这位女士让他进来暖和一下。
bone n．骨头；骨质物
sob n．& vi.& vt.抽噎，啜泣；哭诉
pillow n．枕头
dive vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水
The main target of his holiday to Greece was to go diving and surfing，making himself an envy of others.
他去希腊度假的主要目的是去潜水和冲浪，这让他成为别人羡慕的对象。
frown vi.皱眉
Though legal，it is an immoral decision which made the boss frown on her face.
虽然合法，但这是一个不道德的决定，使得老板眉头紧锁。
resolutely adv.坚决地，坚定地
appeal vi.有吸引力 vi.& vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉
·appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的
·appeal to (sb)对(某人)有吸引力；向(某人)呼吁
appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb to do sth呼吁某人做某事
·make an appeal to sb to do/for sth恳求/呼吁某人做某事
In brief，not only will the appealing exhibition appeal to you but it will help you have a further understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
总之，这场有吸引力的展览不仅能吸引你，还能帮助你进一步了解中国传统文化。
emperor n．皇帝
They revealed that workers made great efforts to unearth the big tomb where an ancient emperor was buried.
他们透露，工人们为挖掘埋葬一位古代皇帝的大墓付出了巨大的努力。
sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸vi.感到悲伤
·sorrowful adj.悲伤的
·to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是
remove one’s sorrow消除某人的悲伤
·sorrow at/for/over sth对某事感到悲伤
Judging from her sorrowful eyes，I knew that her life was full of sorrows and was leading a miserable life.
从她悲伤的眼神中，我知道她的生活充满了悲伤，过着悲惨的生活。
republic n．共和国
loan n．贷款
Being badly off，the orphan had to take out a loan to go on with her further education at university.
由于贫穷，这个孤儿不得不贷款在大学继续深造。
forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕
forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕
Learning that you have forgiven me for mistakes that I have made，I am writing to sincerely thank you for your forgiveness.
得知你已经原谅了我所犯的错误，我写信是为了真诚地感谢你的原谅。
debt n．债务，欠款
·in debt 负债
out of debt不欠债
pay off one’s debts还清某人的欠款或债务
During the financial crisis，many manufacturers couldn’t make ends meet and got into debt.
在金融危机期间，许多制造商入不敷出，债台高筑。
interrupt vi.& vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰
·interruption n．打扰；中断
·interrupt sb/sth (with sth)(用某事)打断某人/某事
be interrupted by...被……打断
·without interruption连续地；不断地
He was always interrupting me while I was talking and his constant interruptions made me frown with anger.
我说话时他总是打断我，他的不停打断气得我眉头紧锁。
legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的
·illegal adj.不合法的；违法的
·legally adv.法律上；合法地
He adopted a new way to help poor people with their legal problems，such as how to legally get their rights and how to distinguish illegal activities.
他采用了一种新方法来帮助穷人解决法律问题，比如如何合法地获得权利以及如何区分非法活动。
document n．公文，文件 v．记录
These documents documented the whole process of how the dam had been built.
这些文件记录了大坝如何被建造的全过程。
turn down翻转；折叠
set...on fire使着火
put away把……收好
participate in参加，参与UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS
晨背一　Topic Talk　[对应默写练习一]
clinic n．诊所，(医院)门诊部
I am terribly sorry for breaking my appointment to go to the clinic because I had to pick up my father who works in the suburb.
我非常抱歉没有赴约去诊所，因为我必须去接在郊区工作的父亲。
gallery n．美术馆，画廊
Our car will be parked near the stadium and we will wander to a nearby gallery.
我们的车会停在体育场附近，接着我们会逛到附近的画廊。
grocery n．超级市场；食品杂货
It was in the grocery store in the corner that I came across that well-known sociologist.
正是在街角的杂货店里，我遇到了那位著名的社会学家。
stadium n．体育场，运动场
To enrich our school life，lots of after-class activities will be frequently held in the newly-built stadium.
为了丰富我们的学校生活，大量的课后活动将在新建的体育场频繁地举行。
bakery n．面包烘房，糕饼店
Work hard and I believe you will open your own bakery chain stores someday.
努力工作，我相信有一天你会开自己的烘焙连锁店。
cafeteria n．(工厂、学校等的)自助餐厅，食堂
I am writing to apply for a position in the downtown cafeteria to cover my living expenses.
我写信是想申请市中心那家自助餐厅的一个职位，以支付我的生活费。
canteen n．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅
As a consequence，the Student Association strongly recommends that the school canteen should provide more categories of foods.因此，学生会强烈建议学校食堂应该提供更多种类的食物。
suburb n．郊区，近郊，城郊
Apparently great changes have taken place in the suburbs of our city.
显然，我们城市的郊区发生了巨大的变化。
forum n．(互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目
If you want to join our photography forum，please contact me at your earliest convenience.
如果你想加入我们的摄影论坛，请在你方便的时候尽早与我联系。
conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾vi.冲突，抵触
·in conflict with和……有矛盾/不一致
come into conflict with与……产生冲突
·conflict with与……冲突
His opinions conflicted with mine，but we had no idea how to break down our conflicts.
他的意见与我的有冲突，但我们不知道如何消除我们之间的冲突。
intervention n．干涉，干预
Our head teacher came in at an appropriate time and the timely intervention avoided a series of conflicts.
我们的班主任来得正是时候，及时的干预避免了一系列冲突。
disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论
·agreement n．同意，赞同
·agree v．同意
·disagree v．不同意
Both sides set their disagreements aside and finally reached an agreement.
双方搁置了分歧，并最终达成协议。
To my amazement，my boss disagreed with the claim that economic development should have/take priority over the environmental conservation.And I can’t agree more.
令我吃惊的是，我老板不赞成经济发展应优先于环境保护这个说法。我非常赞同他的观点。
envy n．羡慕，忌妒 vt.羡慕，妒忌
·envious adj.羡慕的，忌妒的
·envy sb sth羡慕某人某事
envy sb doing sth羡慕/妒忌某人做某事
·out of envy出于羡慕；出于忌妒
with envy羡慕地；妒忌地
be the envy of sb/sth是……羡慕的对象
·be envious of...羡慕/妒忌……
Additionally，don’t be so envious of your fellow worker’s success.If you seize every opportunity to enhance yourself，you will become their envy，too.此外，不要太忌妒你同事的成功。如果你抓住每一个机会来提升自己，你也会成为他们羡慕的对象。
friction n．不和，冲突，摩擦
Though we are living in a peaceful country，there are still conflicts and frictions around the world that remain to be resolved.
尽管我们生活在一个和平的国家，但世界各地仍有冲突和摩擦有待解决。
encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物
·encourage v．鼓励，鼓舞
·encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的
·an encouragement to sb对某人的鼓励
·encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人去做某事
encourage sb in sth在某方面鼓励某人
I encourage my child to work out in the gym，which can make him healthier and stronger.
我鼓励我的孩子去健身房锻炼，这可以使他更健康、更强壮。
(应用文写作之感谢信)Additionally，it is your frequent encouragement and positive attitudes towards life that guide me out of low spirits.
此外，是您经常的鼓励和积极的生活态度引导我走出低落的情绪。
hang out闲待，厮混
The people you often hang out with are a reflection of yourself.
你经常与之交往的人是你自己的写照。
disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断
·disturbing adj.令人不安的；烦扰的
·disturbed adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的
·disturbance n．干扰，打扰；骚乱，骚动；失调，紊乱
·be disturbed by/about/at...对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth对做某事感到不安
His brother disturbed his conversation and told him a piece of disturbing news，which made him very disturbed.
他的哥哥扰乱了他的谈话，告诉他一个令人不安的消息，这使他非常烦恼。
Being physically disabled is not a disturbance but a challenge for her to go beyond herself.
身体残疾对她来说不是一种困扰，而是一种超越自我的挑战。
apologise vi.道歉，谢罪
·apology n．道歉，歉意
·apologise to sb for (doing) sth因为(做了)某事向某人道歉
·make an apology to sb for (doing) sth因为(做了)某事向某人道歉
owe sb an apology应该向某人道歉
accept one’s apology接受某人的道歉
I am writing to apologise to you for not watching the wonderful event in the stadium with you on Friday afternoon.
＝I am writing to make an apology to you for not watching the wonderful event in the stadium with you on Friday afternoon.
我写信是为了向你道歉，因为星期五下午我没有和你一起在体育场观看精彩的比赛。
get on well with与……相处得好
fight with与……争吵，与……斗争
come up出现；发生
sort out解决(问题)；理清(细节)；整理晨背二　Lesson 1　[对应默写练习二]
tank n．(储存液体或气体的)箱，罐
It was last Monday that my daughter broke the fish tank，making her grandfather annoyed.
上周一我的女儿打破了鱼缸，这让她的爷爷很生气。
plug vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞
A cheaper range of products was introduced to plug the gap at the lower end of the market.
推出相对廉价的一系列产品是为了填补较低端市场的缺口。
drummer n．鼓手
·drum vi.击鼓，打鼓 n．鼓
pack vi.& vt.打包 n．包，包裹
I was responsible for packing clothes while my elder sister was packing a pack of food.
我负责打包衣服，而我姐姐在打包一包食物。
complaint n．投诉
·complain v．抱怨；埋怨；投诉
·make a complaint about抱怨……；就……提出投诉
·complain (to sb) that...(向某人)抱怨……
complain (to sb) about/of sth(向某人)抱怨某事
Civilians complained about the lack of parking facilities in this area and the government received a number of complaints.民众对该地区缺乏停车设施感到不满，政府收到了一些投诉。
vote n．投票(指行为)；票数 v．投票；表决；选举
·take/have a vote on 投票表决
·vote for投票支持
vote against投票反对
vote on就……投票表决
vote to do sth表决做某事
warning n．警告，警示；告诫
·warn v．警告；告诫；提醒；预先通知
Having been warned of the potential danger，that stubborn soldier insisted on going there alone，regardless of the kind warning.
那个固执的士兵已被警告有潜在的危险，但他不顾善意的警告，执意一个人去那里。
cease vi.& vt.停止，终止，结束
You must cease touching that wire，otherwise you would get a shock.
你必须停止触摸那根电线，否则你会触电的。
property n．房产；所有物；财产
House prices are easily upset by factors which have nothing to do with property.
房价很容易受到与房产毫不相干的因素的干扰。
chorus n．齐声；副歌；合唱团
Anyhow，the new chorus consisting of ten kids have begun their singing on the stage.
尽管如此，由十个孩子组成的新合唱团已经开始在舞台上唱歌。
departure n．离开，起程
·depart v．离开；出发
I am calling to inform you of the departure time：The train is due to depart from New York in thirty minutes.我打电话是要通知你发车的时间：火车将在三十分钟后从纽约出发。
prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的
·prejudice n．偏见；成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
·be prejudiced against 对……有偏见
I felt as if my neighbors had a prejudice against me，and I couldn’t tolerate it any more.
＝I felt as if my neighbors were prejudiced against me，and I couldn’t tolerate it any more.
我觉得我的邻居似乎对我有偏见，我忍无可忍了。
bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的
As an old saying goes，“Good medicine is bitter in the mouth.”俗话说：“良药苦口”。
anyhow adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少
There is no food left in the school canteen and anyhow，I am not really hungry.
学校食堂里没有食物了，反正我并不很饿。
remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的
In the past decade，tremendous changes have taken place in this remote district.
在过去的十年里，这个偏远的地区发生了巨大的变化。
edge n．边缘，外围；微弱优势
have/gain an edge on/over 比……占优势；胜过
on the edge of 在……边缘；……快要发生
on the edge of one’s seat 极为激动；异常兴奋
A boundary is a real or imagined line that marks the limits or edges of something and separates it from other things or places.边界是一条真实的或想象的线，它标志着某事物的界限或边缘，并将其与其他事物或地方分开。
arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止 n．逮捕，拘捕
It is reported that the driver of the truck，considered to be fully responsible for the accident，has been arrested/under arrest.据报道，被认为应对该事故负全部责任的卡车司机已被逮捕。
tailor n．(男装)裁缝
The tailor measured me carefully and made a suit to my measure.
裁缝仔细地量了我的尺寸，为我定做了一套西装。
pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的；令人愉快的
·pleasing adj.令人愉快的
·please v．(使)高兴；(使)满意
·pleased adj.高兴的；满意的；乐意的
·pleasure n．快乐；乐趣
Much to my pleasure，I will go on a pleasant/pleasing journey and after the trip，I will be pleased to tell you the experiences which will be bound to please you.
使我非常高兴的是，我将进行一次愉快的旅行，旅行结束后，我将很高兴告诉你一定会使你高兴的经历。
violence n．暴力行为，暴力
·violent adj.暴力的；粗暴的；剧烈的
·violently adv.剧烈地，激烈地；凶猛地，暴力地
·do violence to损害；损毁；歪曲
with violence强烈地，强有力地；用暴力
It has been evaluated that local violence will come to an end in the near future.
据估计，当地的暴力活动将在不久的将来结束。
Witnessing his violent behaviour，she let out a scream，and began to tremble violently.
目睹了他的暴力行为，她发出一声尖叫，身体开始剧烈地抖动起来。
literally adv.确实地；字面上
My son couldn’t even understand what the word literally means，which literally burnt me up.
我儿子甚至不能理解这个单词字面上是什么意思，这确实把我气炸了。
tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容
·tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
·tolerance n．容忍；忍受
·tolerate doing sth容忍做某事
·be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容
I couldn’t be tolerant of/tolerate your behavior any longer and my tolerance is at its limit.
我再也不能容忍你的行为了，我的忍耐力已经到了极限。
keen adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
Learning that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you.得知你对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍它。
balcony n．阳台
A double room with a balcony overlooking the sea had been reserved for him.
特地为他预留了一间带阳台的海景双人房。
unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的
To be honest，we were unsuspecting of the fact that he was the very boss there.
老实说，我们没料想到他就是那里的老板。
bother vi.& vt.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼
bother sb with/about sth因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother to do/doing sth费心做某事
It bothers sb that/to do...使某人苦恼的是……
Don’t bother.不必麻烦。
I bothered myself with my poor school performances and I had a tendency to give up.Luckily，you bothered to help me study in a more efficient way.I am terribly sorry for putting you to so much bother.我因在学校表现不佳而苦恼，并且我有放弃的倾向。幸运的是，你费心帮助我更有效地学习。非常抱歉给你添了这么多麻烦。
recall vi.& vt.回想，回忆起
I can clearly recall the happy time we spent together at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago.
我清楚地记得两年前我们在中国—爱尔兰文化节上一起度过的快乐时光。
drive sb mad 把某人逼得发疯
be exposed to 暴露于；接触到
have an influence on 对……有影响
take action 采取行动
get rid of 去掉；摆脱
in a flash 立刻，一瞬间晨背三　Lesson 2　[对应默写练习三]
withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)
·withdrawal n．撤走；收回；退出；提款，取款
·withdraw...from...从……提取/撤回……
withdraw to撤向，退回
withdraw from从……撤出/退出
She was forced to withdraw from the game because of a serious incident.
由于一个严重的事故，她被迫退出比赛。
If you experience any unusual symptoms after withdrawal of the treatment，please contact your doctor.如果您在停止治疗后出现任何异常症状，请联系您的医生。
firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地
·firm n．公司 adj.坚固的；坚定的
I firmly believe that the firm will achieve tremendous progress due to a good market plan.
我坚信，由于一个好的市场计划，公司将取得巨大的进步。
deal with 处理，应对
respond to 响应；回应
put forward 提议，提出；推荐
as a result 因此；结果
come across 偶然遇到
hold out 坚持
without doubt 毫无疑问晨背四　Lesson 3，Writing Workshop & Reading Club
[对应默写练习四]
soldier n．士兵，军人
Not only the soldiers but also the civilians should take the responsibility to defend our country.
不仅士兵，公民也应该承担起保卫国家的责任。
bomb n．炸弹 vt.轰炸
The bomb exploded and the house was bombed out，which almost frightened the representatives of these countries.炸弹爆炸了，房子被炸毁了，这几乎把各国代表吓坏了。
general n．将军，上将
The general gathered his troops and prepared to meet the challenge.将军集结部队，准备迎接挑战。
trench n．战壕，堑壕；沟，渠
To completely settle the annoying problem，we are digging trenches for a water system.
为了彻底解决这个恼人的问题，我们正在为供水系统挖沟渠。
frontier n．国界，边境；前沿
It is unbelievable that we should find a superb doctor with frontier knowledge of medicine in such a frontier town.
令人难以置信的是，我们竟然在这样一个边境小镇上找到一位精通医学前沿知识的优秀医生。
murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪
Accused of committing murder，the lawyer succeeded in proving his innocence on his own.
被指控犯有谋杀罪，那名律师成功地自证了清白。
border n．国界，边界；边境地区
It was not until misty dusk that we reached the border.直到薄雾笼罩的黄昏，我们才到达边境。
flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走
He fled to London after an argument with his family.他与家人争吵以后离家去了伦敦。
weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪)
My niece cracked her head on the stone and a sharp pain made her weep uncontrollably.
我侄女的头撞在了石头上，一阵剧痛使她不由自主地哭泣。
civilian n．平民，老百姓
As we all know，he is in charge of the civilian side of the UN mission.
众所周知，他在联合国使团中负责平民方面的事务。
machine gun机关枪
When the crowd heard a sudden loud burst of machine gun fire，people present got into panic.
当人群听到突然响起的机关枪扫射声时，在场的人陷入了恐慌。
panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌
·in panic惊慌失措地
get into a panic陷入恐慌
·panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事
“Tom，run！The house is collapsing！” the mother screamed and panic was plain to see in her voice.Tom panicked so much that he was frozen to the ground.
“汤姆，快跑！房子要塌了！”母亲尖叫着，声音里明显流露出恐慌。汤姆如此惶恐，以至于他僵在那里。
pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷
We have a beautiful city and we pray it stays that way.
我们拥有一座漂亮的城市，并祈祷它永远如此。
identification n．身份证明(文件)；确认
After the thorough investigation，the police made a formal identification of the victim.
经过详细调查，警方正式确认了受害者的身份。
pile n．一大堆
Students in high school are always surrounded by a pile of study materials.
高中生总是被一大堆学习材料包围着。
display vt.展示，陈列 n．展览，陈列；展览品
on display 陈列；展出
Up to 3,000 works are currently being displayed in the museum and these awesome displays appeal to numerous visitors.
目前在博物馆展出的作品多达3 000件，这些令人惊叹的展品吸引着大量游客。
representative n．代表，代理人 adj.典型的，有代表性的
·represent vt.代表；象征；描绘；展现
·a representative of ……的代表
·be representative of代表……的
·represent sb as把某人描绘成……
The representative succeeded in persuading the other side into accepting his conditions.
这位代表成功地说服了对方接受他的条件。
Representing all our team members，I am writing to invite you to join us.
我代表我们团队所有的成员写信邀请你加入我们。
greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼
·greeting n．问候，招呼
·greet sb with 用……跟某人打招呼
Whenever I met the twins，they greeted me with a sweet smile and their friendly greetings made me feel at home.每当我遇到这对双胞胎，他们都带着甜美的微笑向我打招呼，他们友好的问候让我感到亲切自在。
mud n．泥，烂泥
·muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的
There is only one muddy path leading to the remote village hidden in the thick woods.
只有一条泥泞的小路通向那个隐藏在茂密树林中的偏远村庄。
distribute vt.分发，分配，分送
·distribution n．分发；分配；分布；分销，经销
·distributor n．经销商
·distribute sth to/among把某物分配/分发给……
distribute...into...把……分成……
All the donated food needs to be distributed within the day，otherwise they will be not fresh.
所有捐赠的食物都需要在一天内分发出去，否则将不新鲜。
To some extent，the conflicts among them boil down to the unfair distribution.
在某种程度上，他们之间的冲突归结为分配不公。
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的
It was recognized that this solution which was put forward by the company could only be temporary.
人们意识到该公司提出的解决方案只是暂时的。
midnight n．子夜，午夜
at midnight在午夜
In addition to these arrangements，extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.除了这些安排以外，额外的救护车将值班至午夜。
ward n．病房
The ward was busy and Amy，a nurse with great patience，hardly had time to talk.
病房里非常忙碌，有耐心的护士艾米几乎没有时间说话。
dozen num.一打
Dozens of visitors crowded into the ocean park to catch a glimpse of a seal.
很多游客涌入海洋公园只为一睹海豹的风采。
surgeon n．外科医生
Do you know what the surgeons and physicians respectively specialize in
你知道外科医生和内科医生分别专攻什么吗？
ceremony n．仪式，典礼
Our school is to hold a coming-of-age ceremony for those who reach adulthood at 9 am next Saturday in the lecture hall.
我们学校将于下周六上午9点在报告厅为成年学生举行成人礼。
appreciation n．感激；欣赏；(尤指艺术方面的)鉴定，评价
·appreciative adj.欣赏的；感激的
·appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到
·show/express appreciation for/of对……表示感谢
in appreciation of为了表示对……的感谢
·appreciate (sb) doing sth感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……，我将不胜/十分感激。
Learning that you have a deep appreciation of literature，I am writing to invite you to deliver a speech on how to appreciate Tang poetry.All of us will be appreciative of your coming from the bottom of our hearts.得知你对文学有深厚的鉴赏能力，我写信邀请你来做一场关于如何鉴赏唐诗的演讲。我们所有人都会发自内心地感谢你的到来。
incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.
这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。
ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止
·ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
ban doing sth禁止做某事
·a ban on对……的禁令
There is a heated debate over whether the advertisements for junk food should be banned.
关于是否应该禁止垃圾食品的广告，人们展开了激烈的争论。
tobacco n．烟叶，烟草
I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.我确实认为应该禁止烟草广告。
cigarette n．香烟
alcohol n．含酒精饮品；酒
The lawyer was accused of drug and alcohol abuse，which almost ruined her career.
这位律师被指控吸毒和酗酒，这几乎毁了她的职业生涯。
fried adj.油炸的，油煎的
·fry n．炸薯条 v．油炸，油煎
Don’t indulge in rich sauces，fried food and thick pastry as these are high in fat.
不要吃太多浓酱汁、油炸食品和甜腻的油酥点心，因为这些食品的脂肪含量很高。
To stay slim，you can have a burger，but you can’t have fries as well.要保持身材，你可以吃汉堡包，但不可以同时又吃炸薯条。
harm vt.伤害 n．损害，危害
·harmful adj.有害的
·harmless adj.无害的
·do harm to sb/sth＝do sb/sth harm对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth.(某人)做某事无害/不妨做某事。
· be harmful to...对……有害
As we all know，a variety of human beings’ actions harm/do harm to/are harmful to the environment.
众所周知，人类的许多行为会危害环境。
It seems that your words are harmless，but in fact，they have a bad effect on my mood.
你的话似乎是无害的，但实际上，它们对我的心情有很坏的影响。
desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的
To be honest，teaching is not as desirable a job as you are expecting.
老实说，教书并不是一份像你期望的那样理想的工作。
obesity n．肥胖(症)
The study also demonstrated a direct link between obesity and mortality.
该研究还表明肥胖症和死亡之间存在直接的联系。
tax n．税，税款
The authorities have decided to reduce taxes and it is very beneficial to ordinary people.
当局决定减税，普通老百姓都能从中获益良多。
false adj.不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的
Masses of false advertisements trapped us into buying the inferior products.
许多虚假广告诱使我们购买劣质产品。
invest vi.& vt.投资
·investment n．投资；投入
Thanks to the investment of the foreign company，the local economy has developed rapidly and consequently，more and more businessmen come to invest here.
由于这家外国公司的投资，当地经济迅速发展，结果越来越多的商人来这里投资。
conclude vt.作出结论，推断出
·conclusion n．结论
·conclude (from...) (that)．..(从……中)推断/总结出……
conclude (sth) with...以……结束(……)
to conclude总而言之，最后
·in conclusion总而言之，最后
come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论
All the interviewers’ final conclusion was that this applicant was the most suitable candidate.
所有面试官的最终结论都是这个申请人是最合适的人选。
beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的
·benefit vt.使受益 vi.得益于 n．好处，益处
·be beneficial to...对……有益
·benefit from...从……受益
·be of benefit to...对……有好处
for the benefit of...为了……的利益
For the benefit of your health，it is advisable that you should keep a balanced diet and do exercise on a regular basis，which will be certainly beneficial/of benefit to you.
为了你的健康，你应该保持均衡的饮食和定期的锻炼，这对你肯定是有益的。
sacred adj.神圣的
The permanent settlers of this area consider the river the most sacred place.
这个地区的永久定居者认为这条河是最神圣的地方。
permanent adj.永久的，长久的
Honestly speaking，what my head teacher has said has a permanent influence on my future choice.
说实话，我的班主任说的话对我未来的选择有着永久的影响。
recovery n．康复，痊愈
·recover v．恢复；痊愈；康复；重新获得
·make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
·recover from...从……中恢复过来
recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来
Knowing you have caught a severe cold，I am writing to wish you a quick recovery.
得知你患了重感冒，我写信祝你早日康复。
It took him quite a long time to recover from that loss of his pet dog.
他花了很长时间才从失去宠物狗中恢复过来。
loose adj.松的；宽大的
·loosely adv.松散地；粗略地
She liked wearing loose shoes，so she fastened the shoe laces loosely.
她喜欢穿宽松的鞋子，所以她把鞋带系得很松。
carpet n．地毯
There are a wide range of carpets in our store which you can choose from.
我们店里有各种各样的地毯供你选择。
ankle n．脚踝
To his disappointment，he had to give up the half-marathon because one of his ankles got injured.
令他失望的是，由于一只脚踝受伤，他不得不放弃半程马拉松比赛。
greed n．贪欲，贪婪
·greedy adj.贪婪的
The newcomer is a greedy man and thus，nothing can change his greed for money and fame.
新来的人是个贪婪的人，因此，没有什么能改变他对金钱和名利的贪婪。
request n．& vt.请求，要求
·make a request for...请求/要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb应某人的要求
·request sb to do sth要求某人做某事
request that sb (should) do sth要求某人做某事
It is requested that...按照要求……
At the request of all the students，we will hold a lecture to explain something that confuses you and you are requested to listen carefully and take notes.
应所有学生的要求，我们将举办一场讲座来解释一些让你们困惑的东西，并且要求你们仔细听并做笔记。UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
晨背一　Topic Talk　[对应默写练习一]
negotiate vi.& vt.谈判，协商
·negotiation n．谈判，协商
·negotiate sth with...与……达成(交易)，确立(合同)
negotiate with sb (for/about sth)(为了……)与某人谈判/协商
·under negotiation在谈判中，在协商中
(be) in negotiation with sb 与某人协商
The man has been negotiating with the tailor for more than three hours but the price is still under negotiation.这名男子已经与裁缝谈判了三个多小时，但价格仍在协商中。
compromise n．折中，妥协
It was at midnight that the two sides eventually reached an temporary compromise.
直到午夜，双方最终达成了暂时的妥协。
inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听
·inquiry n．询问，打听
I am writing to inquire whether you can help me adjust to the new environment.I hope that I could make a difference to my life as a result of the inquiry.
我写信是想询问你是否能帮我适应新环境。我希望这次询问能改变我的生活。
resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)
·resolution n．决定；解决；坚定
Now that you have grown up，it’s beneficial to resolve the matter all by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，你自己解决这件事是有益的。
Keep in mind that only with strong resolution and endurance can you achieve your final goal.
记住，只有拥有坚定的决心和忍耐力，你才能达到最终的目标。
annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的
·annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰
·annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的
·annoyance n．恼怒
·be annoyed with sb生某人的气
be annoyed at/about...因……而烦恼
be annoyed to do sth对做某事感到生气
·to one’s annoyance 令某人生气的是
My son’s annoying words annoyed me so much that my voice trembled without control.Annoyed and sad，I felt that nothing could melt away my extreme annoyance.
我儿子令人气恼的话让我很恼火，以至于我的声音不受控制地颤抖。我又恼又伤心，觉得没有什么能化解我那极度的恼怒。
inconvenience n．不便，麻烦
·inconvenient adj.不方便的，不便利的
·convenient adj.方便的；近便的
·convenience n．方便；便利
I am wondering if it is convenient for you to pick me up at the school gate at 7：00 in the evening.If it is inconvenient，I will ask others for help.
我想知道你晚上7点是否方便在学校门口接我。如果不方便，我就请别人帮忙。
I am writing to apologise to you for the inconvenience our company have brought to you.
我写信为我们公司给您带来的不便向您道歉。
detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
·detection n．侦查；发现
·detective n．侦探
Sherlock Holmes is a famous detective who can detect minor clues that ordinary people can’t detect.夏洛克·福尔摩斯是一位著名的侦探，他能察觉普通人无法觉察到的细微线索。
Early detection of cancers is vitally important，so it is important to have regular physical examination.癌症的早期发现至关重要，因此定期进行体检很重要。
somewhat adv.有点，有几分
My old fish tank is somewhat small，so I have the intention to buy a new one.
我的旧鱼缸有点小，所以我想买一个新的。
ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的
·shame n．羞耻(心)；羞愧；遗憾的事
·shameful adj.可耻的
·shameless adj.无耻的
·be/feel ashamed of...因……感到惭愧
be ashamed to do sth耻于做某事
be ashamed that...对……感到羞愧
·It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame！真可惜！
The soldier hung his head in shame，saying，“I am ashamed of my shameful behaviour.”
士兵羞愧地低下头说：“我为我可耻的行为感到羞愧。”
It’s a shame that we must postpone the opening ceremony due to the bad weather.
很遗憾，由于天气不好，我们必须推迟开幕式。
maturity n．成熟
·mature adj.成熟的
·immature adj.不成熟的
Although the general was immature years ago，his previous experiences contributed to his maturity，making him very mature for his age in the end.
虽然这位将军几年前还不成熟，但他之前的经历促成了他的成熟，使他最终变得非常成熟。
monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测 n．显示器，监视器
It is illegal to install monitors in private places and spy on others secretly.We can’t tolerate you doing so.在私人场所安装监视器并暗中监视他人是违法的。我们不能容忍你这样做。
self-control n．自制力；自我控制
What made us annoyed was that in the heat of the argument，the general lost his self-control.
让我们生气的是，这位将军在激烈的争论中失去了自制力。
assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)
·assignment n．分配；任务
On weekends our teachers assign too much homework and it is difficult for us to finish all the challenging assignments.周末老师布置了太多的作业，我们很难完成所有有挑战性的作业。
ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议
consider...as... 将……视为……
a waste of time 浪费时间
intend to do sth 打算做某事
feel down 感到沮丧；情绪消沉
recommend doing sth 建议做某事
have a try 尝试晨背二　Lesson 1　[对应默写练习二]
scientific adj.科学(上)的
·science n．科学
·scientist n．科学家
Without doubt，the past 20 years has witnessed great scientific breakthroughs in large quantities.
毫无疑问，过去的二十年见证了大量的重大科学突破。
Up to now，scientists have made great breakthroughs in science and technology.
到目前为止，科学家们已在科技方面取得巨大突破。
microscope n．显微镜
Under the leadership of some specialists，the viruses were examined under a microscope.
在一些专家的领导下，在显微镜下对病毒进行了检查。
donate vi.& vt.捐献(器官)，献(血)；捐赠，捐献
·donation n．捐赠；赠送
·donor n．捐赠者
·donate sth to...向……捐赠某物
·make a donation to...向……捐赠
Subsequently，the donor generously donated food and money to the poor family and his donation helped them go through the hard times.
随后，这位捐赠者慷慨地向那个贫困家庭捐赠了食物和金钱，他的捐赠帮助他们渡过难关。
correspond vi.通信
·correspondence n．通信；一致，相似
·correspond with...与……通信
correspond to...相当于……，类似于……
correspond to/with...与……相一致，符合
·in correspondence with与……相一致；与……通信
The girl who is gifted in music corresponds regularly with her former teacher and their correspondence makes them more familiar with each other.
有音乐天赋的这个女孩经常与以前的老师通信，她们的通信使她们彼此更加熟悉。
instant adj.立刻的，马上的 n．瞬间；片刻；某一时刻
·instantly adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就……
·in an instant 立刻
for an instant片刻，一瞬间
the instant(＝instantly)一……就……
I instantly bought some instant coffee in a supermarket for my daughter.
＝In an instant，I bought some instant coffee in a supermarket for my daughter.
我立刻在超市给女儿买了一些速溶咖啡。
launch vt.发射；发动，发起，开始从事
They determine to launch a campaign for charity that helps people suffering from rare diseases.
他们决定发起一场慈善活动，帮助患有罕见病的人们。
satellite n．人造卫星；卫星
It is reported that our country has launched another satellite.
据报道，我国又发射了一颗人造卫星。
orbit n．轨道 vi.& vt.沿轨道运行
What is known to us is that it takes a year for the earth to orbit the sun.
我们所知道的是，地球绕太阳公转一周需要一年的时间。
split vi.& vt.分割，把……分开；分成(不同部分)
The specialist is suffering from flu and has a splitting headache.
这位专家患了流感，头痛欲裂。
particle n．粒子，质点
Particles of glass had been introduced into the baby food，which made people angry.
这种婴儿食品中被掺进了玻璃碎屑，令人愤怒。
premier adj.最好的；最重要的
Storytelling has been a premier tool in influencing people across cultures and eras.
要想影响那些不同文化或不同时代的人，讲故事是最好的办法。
outspoken adj.坦率的，直言不讳的
To our surprise，she was outspoken in her criticism of the plan.
令我们惊讶的是，她直言不讳地批评该计划。
subsequently adv.后来，随后
Much to our regret，many other major problems subsequently emerged.
令我们非常遗憾的是，随后出现了许多其他的重大问题。
relativity n．相对性
·relative adj.相对的
·relatively adv.相对地
May 1 is International Labour Day and most people can enjoy a relatively long holiday.
5月1日是国际劳动节，大多数人能享受一个相对较长的假期。
People have to admit that there is a relativity in the process for practice to test truth.
人们必须承认实践检验真理的过程具有相对性。
constant adj.恒久不变的；持续不断的，经常发生的n.常量，恒量
·constantly adv.持续不断地
As is well-known to us all，a constant dropping wears away a stone.Only if we work hard constantly can we have a good command of every subject.
众所周知，滴水穿石。只有我们不断努力，我们才能很好地掌握每一门学科。
finding n．研究的结果；发现
Scientists have found that many ocean animals are dying out and they have published their worrying findings in a popular science magazine.
科学家们发现许多海洋动物正在灭绝，他们在一本科普杂志上发表了他们令人担忧的发现。
biologist n．生物学家
As a matter of fact，it’s something that has puzzled biologists for over a century.
事实上，这是困扰了生物学家一个多世纪的难题。
mould n．霉，霉菌
If damp，musty buildings make you ill，mould is probably the cause.如果潮湿发霉的建筑令你生病了，霉菌很可能是病因。
penicillin n．青霉素，盘尼西林
Penicillin is an extremely significant medical discovery，which is beneficial to humans.
青霉素是对人类有用的、极其重要的医学发现。
perceive vt.察觉，注意到，发觉
Having perceived his own fault，he apologized to me for asking a question that embarrassed me so much.
意识到自己的错误后，他向我道歉，因为他问了一个让我很尴尬的问题。
million num.百万
The city has a population of almost one million.
这座城市的人口几乎有一百万。
humble adj.谦虚的，谦卑的
Not being a humble person，he tends to show off whenever he achieves something.
他不是一个谦逊的人，每当他取得成就，他就会向人炫耀。
outcome n．结果，后果
As far as I am concerned，the outcome of the latest research is quite satisfactory.
在我看来，最新的研究结果是相当令人满意的。
navy n．海军
Full of vigour and enthusiasm，the humble young man is in the navy at present.这个谦逊的年轻人精力充沛，满腔热情，目前在海军服役。
accuracy n．准确性；精准度；正确，准确
·accurate adj.正确的，准确的
·accurately adv.正确地，准确地
The well-known physicist questioned the accuracy of the information in the file.
这个著名的物理学家质疑文件中信息的准确性。
I have been convinced that the print media are more accurate and more reliable than television.
我一直相信印刷媒体比电视更准确、更可靠。
missile n．导弹，飞弹
The navy claimed to have shot down one incoming missile.海军声称已经击落了一枚来袭的导弹。
physicist n．物理学家
·physics n．物理(学)
The physicist，who specializes in physics，recognizes the tremendous responsibilities that weigh on his shoulders.专攻物理学的物理学家认识到自己肩上担负的责任巨大。
joint adj.联合的，共同的，共有的
·join v．参加；加入
The biologist called on us to make joint efforts to work for biological diversity conservation.
生物学家呼吁我们共同努力以保护生物多样性。
Ever since middle school，I have intended to join the army to serve our country heart and soul.
从中学开始，我就打算参军，全心全意报效祖国。
tube n．圆管，管子；电视显像管，阴极射线管
Wind blows through the tube and makes it fly and dance around.
风吹过管子，使它飞起来，四处飞舞。
circuit n．电路，线路；环形道路
They tested the car tyres on a motor racing circuit.
他们在环形赛车道上测试汽车轮胎。
efficiently adv.有效率地，高效能地
·efficient adj.高效的
·efficiency n．效率
In my opinion，the most efficient way to enable us to learn efficiently is to make full preparations early on and hence，we can work at maximum efficiency.
我认为，让我们高效学习的最有效的方法就是尽早做好充分的准备，这样我们才能以最高的效率学习。
propose vt.提出(某观点、方法等)
·proposal n．建议；意见
·propose doing...提议/建议做……；计划做……
propose to do...计划做……
propose that sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事
It is proposed that...有人建议……
propose to sb向……求婚
·put forward/make a proposal that...(should) do...提出建议……做……
I made a proposal that you should buy a new device so that you could work efficiently.
＝I proposed that you should buy a new device so that you could work efficiently.
我建议过你买一台新设备，这样你就能高效地工作了。
not to mention更不用说
range from...to...范围从……到……
She has had a number of different jobs，ranging from chef to swimming instructor.
她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
figure out弄清楚，搞明白
single out单独挑出；特别选出
enable sb to do...使某人有能力做……
However talented you are in your chosen field，your English has to be strong enough to enable you to do well in your coursework.
无论你在所选的专业中多么有天分，你的英语水平必须很出色，足以使你很好地完成学业。
be dedicated to致力于
She is completely dedicated to her work.
她对自己的工作十分尽心尽力。晨背三　Lesson 2　[对应默写练习三]
emerge vi.出现，浮现
With the moon emerging from behind the clouds，we lay on the grass，chatting about past happy memories.月亮从云后露出来，我们躺在草地上，聊着过去的快乐回忆。
coincidence n．运气；巧合
·by coincidence 碰巧；由于巧合
What a coincidence！I wasn’t expecting to see you here.真巧！我没料到会在这里见到你。
clueless adj.一无所知的，一窍不通的
·clue n．线索；提示
I am sorry I am clueless about the faulty product you complain about，but we will soon get it solved.很抱歉，我对你投诉的故障产品一无所知，但我们很快就会解决的。
Having gathered enough clues，we are bound to solve the mystery of the crater.
在收集了足够的线索后，我们一定能解开这个深坑之谜。
incubation n．孵化
It is caused during development by high incubation temperatures.
这是在发育阶段由高温孵化造成的。
evaluation n．评估，评价
·evaluate v．评价，评估
Our experiment equipment requires evaluating and scientific evaluation is bound to contribute to its accuracy.
我们的实验设备需要评估，科学评估必然有助于提高其准确性。
be/become involved in参与/卷入，涉及
People in many different occupations were involved in this discussion.
各行各业的人都参与了这场讨论。
bury oneself in埋头于
occur to sb (观念或想法)被想到；出现在脑海
A good idea occurred to me that we could advertise our products on the Internet.
我想到了一个好主意：我们可以在网上为产品做广告。
can’t help doing...情不自禁做……晨背四　Lesson 3，Writing Workshop & Reading Club
[对应默写练习四]
theoretical adj.理论的
·theory n．理论；学说
·in theory 理论上
In reality，the theory provides a good theoretical framework for China’s foreign language teaching.
事实上，该理论为中国的外语教学提供了良好的理论框架。
overcome vt.克服(困难)，控制(感情)；征服，战胜
It was my head teacher who assisted me to overcome culture shock in a foreign country，so I can’t thank him enough.
是我的校长帮助我克服了在异国他乡的文化冲击，所以我对他感激不尽。
decline v．& n．减少，降低；拒绝
·decline (from...) to...(从……)下降到……
decline by...下降了……
decline to do sth拒绝做某事
·on the decline在衰退中；在下降
Much to my annoyance，the temperature declined sharply，but my son declined to wear warm clothes.
＝Much to my annoyance，the temperature was on a sharp decline，but my son declined to wear warm clothes.
令我恼火的是，气温急剧下降，但我儿子却拒绝穿暖和的衣服。
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) n．博士学位
As far as I know，he is highly educated with a PhD in Chemistry.
据我所知，他受过高等教育，拥有化学博士学位。
cosmology n．宇宙论，宇宙学
Compared to physics and astronomy，cosmology is a young science.
与物理学和天文学相比，宇宙学是一门年轻的科学。
grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的，隆重的
When we saw the grand sight，a sense of excitement washed over us.当我们看到这壮观的景象时，一种激动的感觉席卷了我们。
in spite of虽然；不顾；尽管……(仍……)
In spite of my outward calmness，I was actually shaken by the monstrous description.
尽管我表面上很平静，但实际上我被这可怕的描述吓了一跳。
bonus n．意外收获，额外的好处；资金；红利
What’s more，being able to walk to work is an added bonus of the new job.
此外，能够步行去上班是这份新工作额外的好处。
gravity n．重力，引力；严肃；严重性
He asked me with great gravity，“Do you understand Newton’s law of gravity？”
他非常严肃地问我：“你了解牛顿万有引力定律吗？”
steam n．水蒸气；蒸汽动力
You can get burnt by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids，or other chemicals.
你会被各种各样的东西灼伤：热液、蒸汽、火、辐射、太阳、电、酸或其他化学物质。
kettle n．水壶，壶
He had nothing to do but boil the kettle and make the tea.
他除了烧水沏茶以外无事可做。
boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸；(用开水)煮 n．沸腾
He blamed me for the mistake in the presence of my parents，making me boil with anger.
他当着我父母的面责备我的错误，惹得我怒不可遏。
improvement n．改善，改进；改进之处
·improve v．改进；改善
Mary owes the improvement of her academic performance to her teacher’s assistance.
玛丽把学习成绩的提高归功于老师的帮助。
revolution n．彻底变革，革命
The human history has witnessed three technological revolutions so far.
人类历史迄今为止见证了三次技术革命。
availability n．可能性
·available adj.可利用的；可得到的
·be available to sb可被某人利用的，某人可得到的
be available for sth有空做某事；可用于某事
be available to do sth有空做某事
I’m writing to inquire about the availability of relevant resources.
我写信是想询问您是否有相关的资源。
When it comes to the coverage，the medical service should be available to everybody.
就覆盖面而言，应该向每个人提供医疗服务。
fibre n．(木材、碳等天然材料的)纤维
No one can deny the fact that a diet high in fibre is more satisfying.
没有人能否认高纤维饮食更令人满意这一事实。
explode vi.& vt.(使)爆炸；急剧增长
·explosion n．爆炸
·explosive adj.易爆炸的，可能引起爆炸的；突增的，猛增的，激增的
·explode with anger勃然大怒
The explosive device was timed to explode at the foot of the hill and the explosion achieved the desired effect.爆炸装置定时在山脚下爆炸，爆炸达到了预期的效果。
mass n．大量，大宗 adj.大量的
·massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
One thing is for sure that the escape of that murderer leads to a massive threat to masses of people’s safety.
有一件事是肯定的，凶手的逃跑对许多人的安全造成巨大的威胁。
sailor n．水手，海员
·sail v．(乘船)航行
·sailing n．航行
The sailing expert is patiently teaching new sailors how to sail on the oceans.
这位航海专家正耐心地教新水手如何在海上航行。
illustrate vt.说明，阐明；给(书籍、文章等)加插图
·illustration n．插图；例证；图解
To illustrate my point，I will use illustrations to explain what I mean in detail.
为了阐明我的观点，我将用插图来详细解释我的意思。
regulate vt.控制，管理
·regulation n．章程；规章制度
Any student who doesn’t obey school regulations should be regulated strictly.
任何不遵守学校规章制度的学生都应该受到严格的管理。
mechanical adj.机械的
The expert said that data recorders could detect mechanical faults rapidly，reducing maintenance times.
这位专家说数据记录仪能迅速查明机械故障，减少维修次数。
preserve vt.保存(食物)，腌制；维护，保护 n．腌菜，果酱
·preservation n．保护；维护；保存；保留；维持；保持
·preserve...from/against...保护……免受……
be well/strictly preserved被很好/严格地保存/保护
A large quantity of traditional craft industries are exceptionally well preserved here.
大量的传统工艺工业在这里保存得非常好。
specifically adv.特定地，专门地
·specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
This book is specifically designed for teenagers and there are many specific measures to deal with daily emergencies in it.
这本书专为青少年设计，书中有很多处理日常突发事件的具体措施。
electric adj.用电的，带电的，电动的
·electrical adj.电的，与电有关的
I visit the supermarket now and then，where there are all kinds of electrical goods，such as electric bikes.
我偶尔去超市，超市里有各种各样的电器，比如电动自行车。
rather than而不是
prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
reflect on/upon思考；反思
lose one’s sight失明
The man told me that he had lost his sight in an accident when he was a teenager.
老人告诉我，他在一次事故中失明了，当时他才十几岁。
be associated with与……有关
for the purpose of为了
We are now writing you for the purpose of establishing business relations with you.
我们特此致函是想与贵方建立业务关系。UNIT 12　INNOVATION
晨背一　Topic Talk　[对应默写练习一]
well-being n．健康，幸福，舒适
To conclude，working out on a regular basis will definitely boost your well-being both physically and mentally.
总之，定期锻炼肯定会促进你的身心健康。
vitamin n．维生素
Additionally，you’d better pay attention to the amount of vitamin C you are taking.
另外，你最好注意维生素C的摄入量。
entertainment n．娱乐活动，娱乐节目
·entertain vi.& vt.招待；款待；使欢乐
·entertaining adj.使人愉快的；有趣的
·to one’s entertainment使某人高兴的是
·entertain sb with sth用某物使某人快乐
entertain sb to sth用某物招待某人
Our well-equipped library is comprised of the discussion，self-study as well as entertainment areas.我们设备齐全的图书馆包括讨论区、自习区和娱乐区。
The book is too long but，nonetheless，informative and entertaining，which entertains us.
这本书篇幅太长，但是很有知识性和趣味性，这令我们很快乐。
gifted adj.有天赋的，有才华的
·gift n．天赋，天才，才能；礼物
·be gifted in/at在……方面有天赋
·have a gift for有……天赋
When finding that his daughter was gifted in/had a gift for music，the famous surgeon bought a wonderful gift for her.
当他发现女儿有音乐天赋时，这位著名的外科医生给她买了一件精美的礼物。
labour-saving adj.节省劳力的
Well，as you can see，this machine would be the perfect labour-saving device.
正如你所见，这个机器将是完美的节省人力的设备。
productive adj.多产的；丰饶的；富有成效的
·produce v．生产
·product n．产品；结果
The company produces a variety of goods，which vary from household products to beautiful clothes.这家公司生产各种各样的商品，从家居用品到漂亮的衣服，不一而足。
More productive farmers have been able to provide cheaper food.
生产力更高的农民能够提供更便宜的食物。
garbage n．垃圾
Ever since our childhood，we have been taught to throw garbage into bins rather than on the ground.从孩提时代起，我们就被教育要把垃圾扔到垃圾箱里，而不是扔到地上。
device n．设备，装置；修辞手段
One of the simplest ways to save energy is switching off your Wi-Fi in your home if you are not using the devices.节约能源的最简单方法之一是如果你不使用设备，就关闭家中的Wi-Fi。
think outside the box打破陈规
put into operation投入运行
The project which was agreed on last month will be put into operation soon.
上个月通过的那个项目很快就要投入运行了。
in general总之，通常；一般而言
It’s reported that，in general，people with college education can make more money than those without.
据报道，一般来说，受过大学教育的人比没有受过大学教育的人能赚更多的钱。
every once in a while偶尔地，间或
Every once in a while，the teacher makes a witty remark，causing others in the class to laugh.
老师偶尔会说一句诙谐的话，让班里的其他人都笑了起来。
turn into成为，变成
It’s not a hotel，in the conventional sense，but rather a whole village turned into a hotel.
这不是一家传统意义上的旅馆，而是由整个村庄变身而成的度假村。
adapt (oneself) to (使某人自己)适应
I consider my biggest problem is that I haven’t yet adapted (myself) to college life，because I don’t know how to manage my time.
我认为我最大的问题是我仍然没有适应大学生活，因为我不知道如何安排自己的时间。

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