资源简介

晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
wrap vt.包，裹；用……缠绕 n．披肩，围巾；包裹材料
parcel n．包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包
bow n．蝴蝶结；弓 vi.鞠躬；低(头)
The adorable girl wearing a beautiful bow on her head took the bow，bowed deep and then began to play the violin.
那个可爱的女孩头上戴着美丽的蝴蝶结，她拿起琴弓，深深鞠了一躬，然后开始拉小提琴。
nephew n．侄子，外甥
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望
be disappointed to do...因做……而失望
disappoint vt.使失望
disappointing adj.令人失望的
disappointment n．失望；扫兴；沮丧
to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
wrinkle n．皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起
pause vi.停顿，暂停 n．停顿，停顿的时间
sew vi.& vt.(sewed，sewn)缝，做针线活；缝上
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
pretend
privilege n．荣幸；特殊利益vt.给予特权，特别优待
have the privilege to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的特权
It is a privilege (for sb ) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是个荣幸。
privileged adj.享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
be/feel privileged to do sth 做某事是荣幸的
It’s my great privilege to deliver a speech on how to preserve the environment from being further polluted.
＝I am greatly privileged to deliver a speech on how to preserve the environment from being further polluted.我很荣幸能就如何保护环境不受进一步污染发表演讲。
embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
The moment my son emerged at the airport，I rushed forward，embraced him and patted him on the back.儿子一出现在机场，我就冲上前拥抱他，拍拍他的背。
phase n．阶段，时期
anchor n．锚；给以安全感的人(或物) vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
mercy n．仁慈，宽恕
at the mercy of任……处置，对……无能为力
have mercy on sb＝show mercy to sb怜悯某人
without mercy毫不怜悯地
merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的
merciless adj.残忍的；无情的
The small village was at the mercy of the fierce storm，with no shelter from the wind and rain.
这个小村庄饱受猛烈风暴的肆虐，风雨交加，无处可躲。
likewise adv.同样地；也，而且
deadline n．最后期限，截止日期
guidance n．指导；导航
guide vt.指导；指引 n．向导；导游；指南
under the guidance of 在……的指导下
Under the guidance of the genuine guide，we enjoyed exploring the mysterious island and all of us were grateful to him for his guiding us on such a fascinating tour.在这位可靠的导游的带领下，我们愉快地探索了这座神秘的岛屿，我们都很感激他带领我们进行了一次如此引人入胜的旅行。
fault n．过错，责任；弱点，缺点
at fault 有责任；有错
find fault (with) 找碴；抱怨；挑剔
You are always finding fault with those around you; as a consequence，you should be at fault for your terrible interpersonal relationships.
你总是对身边的人吹毛求疵； 因此，你应该为你糟糕的人际关系负责。
virtue n．美德；正直的品性；优点
integrity n．诚实正直；完整，完好
organic adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的；生物的
starfish n．海星，星鱼
discouraged adj.灰心的
discouraging adj.令人灰心的，令人泄气的
discourage vt.阻止；使气馁
discouragement n．灰心；阻拦；挫折
Despite all these discouragements，she wasn’t discouraged by failure and refused to give up.In other words，no discouraging difficulties can discourage her.尽管有这些挫折，她没有因失败而气馁，她拒绝放弃。换句话说，任何令人沮丧的困难都不能使她气馁。
garbage n．垃圾；废话
saving n．节省物，节省；储蓄金
save vt.节省；保存；储蓄；解救
bonus n．意外收获；奖金，红利
weigh on sb/sth使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
The geophysicist recognizes the tremendous responsibilities that weigh on his shoulders.
地球物理学家认识到自己肩上担负的责任巨大。
jade n．玉，碧玉
sow vt.& vi.(sowed，sown)播种，种
harvest n．收成，收获量；收获季节，收割 vt.& vi.收割，捕猎
rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
Worry before all others worry；rejoice after all others have rejoiced.
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。
quote n．引语 vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
quotation n．引语；引文
frankly speaking坦白地说
to be frank 坦白地说
in store (for sb)即将发生；等待着(某人)
be responsible for对……负责
make a difference有影响，有关系
contribute to促进，有助于
for the benefit of为了……的利益
set aside留出；不顾Unit 1　Honesty and responsibility
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
温馨提示：句中加灰底的单词为词汇复现。
barely adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才
bare adj.裸露的；光秃秃的；荒芜的；没有保护的；仅够的；最基本的
cigar n．雪茄烟
appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务
make/have an appointment with sb与某人约定
keep/break an appointment守/失约
appoint vt.约定，指定(时间、地点等)；任命；委任
appoint sb(as/to be)．..任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事
appointed adj.指定的；约定的
I am terribly sorry for not keeping the appointment and I will appoint my assistant to meet you at the appointed time.
非常抱歉我没有守约，我会安排我的助手在约定的时间与您见面。
tear down拆毁，拆除
keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于
be keen on喜爱
Learning that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you.
了解到您对中国的传统节日——端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍端午节。
jaw n．颌；下巴
scar n．伤疤；(精神上的)创伤；污点
eyebrow n．眉毛
scarfpin n．领带别针，围巾夹
diamond n．钻石
make one’s fortune发财
He had intended to make his fortune in the big city，but he ended up barely supporting himself.
他原想要在大城市里发家致富，但最后却只能勉强养活自己。
lose contact 失去联系
reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on/upon...to do/doing...依赖……做……
rely on/upon it that...指望……；相信……
reliability n．可靠性
You can rely on it that he will come to your aid when you need him.
相信当你需要他的时候，他一定会来帮助你。
worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
it is worthwhile doing/to do 做……是值得的
As far as I am concerned，it is worthwhile to build further cooperation with this international company.
就我而言，与这家国际公司建立进一步的合作是值得的。
collar n．衣领；颈圈；圈，箍
bless vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福
blessing n．幸事；祝福；许可
I was blessed with a happy family and I could do what I liked to do in my daily routine with my parents’ blessing.
我有幸拥有一个幸福的家庭，在父母的许可下，我可以在日常生活中做自己喜欢做的事。
inch n．英寸；少量，短距离
arm in arm臂挽着臂
hand in hand手牵手
face to face面对面
back to back背靠背
shoulder to shoulder＝side by side肩并肩
eyes to eyes四目相对
heart to heart心贴心
step by step一步一步地
outline vt.概述，略述 n．概述；轮廓线，略图
He outlined the essay and his perfect outline was met with thunderous applause.
他概述了这篇文章，他那完美的概述赢得了雷鸣般的掌声。
suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象
suspect that＋从句　怀疑……；觉得……
suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人(做过)某事
My English teacher suspected me of cheating in the exam，which made me quite frustrated.
我的英语老师怀疑我在考试中作弊，这使我非常懊恼。
arrest n．& vt.逮捕，拘捕
under arrest 被逮捕
arrest sb for sth 因某事逮捕某人
arrest one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
wire vt.给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) n．金属丝；电线；铁丝网
wiring n．(供电)线路
criminal n．罪犯adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
crime n．犯罪活动；不法行为；罪
anyhow adv.不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地
innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人
innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪
All the proof proved his innocence，so the innocent man was set free.
所有的证据都证明了他的无辜，所以这个无辜的人被释放了。
legal adj.合法的；法律的
illegal adj.不合法的；违法的
legally adv.法律上；合法地
principle n．道德原则；法则；信条
in principle理论上；大体上
I agree with it in principle but I doubt if it will happen in practice.
我大体上同意这一点，但是怀疑它是否能够付诸实践。
decent adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的
burden n．(责任、义务等的)重担，负担
geophysicist n．地球物理学家
core adj.核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分
socialist adj.社会主义的 n．社会主义者
socialism n．社会主义
social adj.社会的；社交的
society n．社会；协会；社团
socialize/socialise vi.交往 vt.使适应社会
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去
resign from从……辞职
resign as辞去(某职务)
resign oneself to (doing) sth听任；顺从；只好接受(做)某事
After years of struggling，he finally resigned himself to the fact that he would never become a professional athlete.
经过多年的努力后，他最终接受了自己永远无法成为职业运动员的事实。
ward n．病房
substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的
mineral n．矿物，矿物质
superb adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
My nephew’s performance was absolutely superb and the audience’s applause was deafening.
我侄子的表演精彩绝伦，观众的掌声震耳欲聋。
photographer n．摄影师，拍照者
photography n．照相术；摄影
photograph n．照片 vt.拍照
guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
guilt n．内疚；有罪；罪行
I felt guilty about breaking my promise and a feeling of guilt washed across me.
我为没有遵守诺言而感到内疚，一种内疚感席卷了我。
ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬
be ashamed of...为……感到羞愧
be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧
shame n．羞耻；羞愧；丢脸；令人遗憾的事
It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
shameful adj.可耻的
shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
He was ashamed to ask for help because he thought he should be able to handle it alone.
他不好意思请求帮助，因为他觉得自己应该能够独自处理。
forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕
原谅某人(做)某事
forgive and forget不念旧恶
Please forgive me for mistakes that I have made and I have been looking forward to your forgiveness.
请原谅我所犯的错误，我一直期待着你的原谅。
cheat vt.欺骗，蒙骗vi.作弊，舞弊 n．骗子；欺骗手段
on the beat在巡逻中
turn up出现，到场；竖起；调大(音量)
pull out离开，撤离；拔出，取出
take charge of掌管，负责
I will take charge of the approaching activity，so could you do me a favor
我将负责即将到来的活动，你能帮我个忙吗？
stick to坚持
I suspect whether he could stick to his dream until he achieves it.
我怀疑他是否能坚持他的梦想，直到他实现它。晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
kindergarten n．幼儿园；学前班
recite vt.吟诵；列举
recital n．朗诵会
recitation n．朗诵；逐一列举
Learning that you are to take part in a recital，I am writing with the intention of informing you of how to recite an article more vividly.You can start with a recitation from an old Chinese poem.
得知你要参加一场朗诵会，我写信是想告诉你如何更生动地朗诵一篇文章。你可以从朗诵一首中国古诗开始。
accent n．口音，腔调；重音；着重点，强调
handwriting n．手写，书写；笔迹，书法
fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的，熟练的
fluently adv.流利地；流畅地
fluency n．流利；流畅
cooperate vi.合作，协作；协助，配合
cooperate with与……合作
cooperative adj.合作的；协作的
cooperation n．合作；配合
cite vt.提及，列举；引用，引述
broaden one’s mind拓宽视野，开阔眼界
make up one’s mind to do sth决心做某事
change one’s mind改变主意
bear/keep sth in mind记住某事
never mind不要紧；没关系
I have a preference for reading various classics，which can indeed broaden my mind.
我喜欢阅读各种名著，这确实可以开阔我的视野。
tofu n．豆腐
bacon n．咸猪肉，熏猪肉
tank n．坦克；(贮放液体或气体的)罐
golf n．高尔夫球运动
integrate vt.& vi.(使)合并；(使)加入
integrated adj.各部分密切协调的；综合的
bilingual adj.会说两种语言的；用两种语言(写)的
oppose vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒
oppose doing sth 反对做某事
opposed adj.反对的
opposite adj.相反的；对面的 prep.在……对面
opposition n．反对
Many environmentalists oppose cutting down trees in protected forests.
许多环保人士反对在保护区内砍伐树木。
intervention n．干涉行为，干预
intervene vi.干涉；干预；介入
pure adj.纯净的；完全的
purely adv.完全地；仅仅
purify vt.净化；提纯
tribe n．部落
reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异
rejection n．拒绝接受；排斥
pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
pessimism n．悲观；悲观主义
If we didn’t get rid of pessimistic ideas as soon as possible，pessimism would have a permanent influence on our life.
如果我们不尽快摆脱悲观的想法，悲观主义将对我们的生活产生永久的影响。
linguist n．语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
tendency n．趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好
have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事
There is a tendency (for sb) to do sth.(某人)有做某事的倾向。
tend vi.倾向；趋于；往往会 vt.& vi.照料；护理
tend to do sth易于做某事；倾向于做某事
tend (to) sb/sth照料；照管；护理
tend to/towards倾向于，趋于
I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
skateboard n．滑板 vi.滑滑板
canteen n．食堂，餐厅
sincerely adv.真诚地，诚实地
sincere adj.真诚的；诚实的
sincerity n．真诚；诚挚
(应用文写作之道歉信)I am writing to sincerely apologize to you for my fault and please accept my sincere apology.
我写信是想为我的错误向您真诚道歉，请接受我真诚的道歉。
slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n．差错；纸条；滑跤
When he slipped out of the classroom，a piece of slip dropped to the ground.
当他溜出教室时，一张纸条掉到了地上。
fence n．栅栏，篱笆
contest n．比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争vt.争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
contestant n．竞争者；比赛者
sign up for报名参加
I wonder if you would sign up for the approaching English Speech Contest.
我想知道你是否愿意报名参加即将到来的英语演讲比赛。
come as no surprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪
It came as no surprise that she left the company.
她离开了公司，这并不令人吃惊。
refer to指的是；参考
in use在使用中
The library dating back to the 12th century is still in use today.
这座可以追溯到12世纪的图书馆如今仍在使用。
be based on/upon以……为基础
go out of style过时
make an apology道歉Unit 2　Understanding each other
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
react vi.(对……)作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
react to对……作出反应
react against (对旧观念等)抗拒，反对
react with同……起反应
reaction n．反应；回应
in reaction to作为对……的反应
How do you react to the news that the famous politician will resign？
你对那位著名政治家将要辞职的消息有什么反应？
gentle adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的
gentleness n．温和；温柔
gently adv.温柔地；温和地
Our gentle and reliable head teacher gently inspires us to insist on our objectives whatever difficulties we encounter; it is his constant gentleness and encouragement that have won our deep respect.
我们温柔的可信赖的班主任温柔地激励我们无论遇到什么困难，都要坚持自己的目标；正是他一贯的温柔和鼓励赢得了我们深深的尊敬。
encode vt.把……编码；把……译成电码(或密码)
decode vt.解(码)，破译(尤指密码)
code n．密码；暗码；代码；行为准则；道德规范；法典 vt.为……编码；把……译成密码
mail n．电子邮件；邮政；邮件 vt.邮寄
feedback n．反馈的意见(或信息)
competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的
competence n．能力；胜任；本领
I sincerely hope that I can develop competence in a variety of aspects and then I am competent to handle different emergencies.
我真诚地希望我能发展各方面的能力，那么我就有能力处理不同的紧急情况。
obtain vt.获得，赢得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在，沿袭
The keen expert has been insisting on spreading ancient Chinese customs that still obtain and he has obtained financial support from the government.
这位敏锐的专家一直坚持传播沿袭至今的中国古代习俗，并获得了政府的财政支持。
suit vt.满足需要；相配，合身 n．套装，西装，西服
suit...to...使……适合……
suit one’s needs适合/满足某人的需要
suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
be suitable for适合于
be suitable to do sth适合做某事
unsuitable adj.不合适的；不适宜的
negotiate vi.& vt.谈判；商定，达成(协议)
negotiation n．谈判；协商
enterprise n．公司，企业；规划，事业；进取心
straightforward adj.坦诚的；简单的
fold vt.折叠，对折；包，裹 n．褶，褶层，折叠部分
unfold vt.打开；呈现
friction n．争执；摩擦；摩擦力
clarify vt.使更清晰易懂，阐明
knowledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的
knowledge n．知识；学问；了解
have a good knowledge of 精通；掌握
The knowledgeable and competent specialist told us sincerely，“Knowledge is power，so make every attempt to have a good knowledge of your subject.”
这位知识渊博且有能力的专家真诚地告诉我们：“知识就是力量，所以要尽一切努力学好你的专业知识。”
empathy n．同感，共鸣，同情
empathize vi.有同感，产生共鸣
put yourself in sb’s shoes处于某人的境地，设身处地
My neighbor who has mercy on those in need always puts herself in others’ shoes.
我的邻居同情那些需要帮助的人，她总是设身处地为别人着想。
sympathy n．同情；赞同
have/express/feel/show sympathy for sb向某人表示体恤；对某人感到同情
in sympathy with支持；赞成
out of sympathy出于同情
sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
be sympathetic to/towards对……同情
account for sth是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上、比例上)占；解释
on account of由于；因为
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
考虑……
approve vt.& vi.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)
approve of 赞成，赞同
approval n．赞成；同意；批准
meet with one’s approval得到某人的赞许/认可
give one’s approval to...某人批准……
approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
tone n．语气，腔调；风格，特色
gain vt.& vi.获得；增进，增长；(从……中)受益 n．好处，利益
Because of his hard work，he finally gained qualifications for being a teacher.Just as an old saying goes，“No pains，no gains.”
由于他的努力，他终于获得了教师资格。正如一句老话所说：“一分耕耘，一分收获。”
gesture n．手势，姿势；姿态，表示vi.& vt.做手势，用手势表示
precisely adv.准确地，恰好地；细心地；正是，确实
precise adj.准确的；精确的；恰好
vocabulary n．词汇，词汇量
preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物
have/show a preference for喜好……，偏爱……
prefer vt.更喜欢
prefer to do/doing sth更喜欢做某事
prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事
prefer doing sth to doing sth＝prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
What surprises me is that she has a preference for this blue scarfpin.
使我吃惊的是她偏爱这枚蓝色的围巾夹。
jam n．果酱；拥挤，堵塞 vt.用力挤；挤进；挤满
somewhat adv.有点，有几分，稍微
taboo n．禁忌，忌讳；禁止，避讳
embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的
embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
embarrassment n．尴尬
To my embarrassment，my partner asked me an embarrassing question.I was so embarrassed that my face turned red.Having perceived his own fault，he apologized to me for asking a question that embarrassed me so much.
让我尴尬的是，我的搭档问了我一个尴尬的问题。我尴尬得脸都红了。意识到自己的错误后，他向我道歉，因为他问了一个让我很尴尬的问题。
intention n．计划，意图
with the intention of...目的是……
have no/every intention of doing sth完全无意/一心想做某事
intend vt.计划，打算
intend to do/doing sth打算/想要做某事
intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事
intended adj.意欲达到的；计划的；为……打算/设计的
be intended to do...旨在做……
be intended for...专供……所用，是专为……而设计的
intentional adj.故意的；有意的；存心的
We organized the event with the intention of raising awareness about environmental issues.
我们组织这次活动旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识。
correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信
correspond to/with和……一致
correspond with和……通信
correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系；相似
in correspondence with与……有通信联系
corresponding adj.相应的；符合的
behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现
behave well/badly to/towards sb对待某人好/差
behave oneself守规矩；表现得体
well behaved adj.表现好的
badly behaved adj.表现差的
behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止；习性
Do behave yourself and your behaviour indicates how well you have been educated.
务必守规矩，你的行为举止表明你所受教育的程度。
tolerate vt.忍受，容忍；容许，允许；能经受
tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
be tolerant of/towards对……宽容
tolerance n．容忍；忍受
I couldn’t be tolerant of/tolerate how you behave any longer and my tolerance is at its limit.
我再也不能容忍你的行为了，我的忍耐力已经到了极限。
function as起……的作用
in response作为回应
depend on取决于；依靠，依赖
in terms of就……而言，从……角度看
leave an impression on给……留下印象晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
premier adj.最著名的，最成功的，第一的 n．首相，总理
institute n．机构，机构建筑vt.建立，制定(体系、政策等)
institution n．机构，团体；制度
proportion n．正确的比例；部分，份额；比例；体积，面积
fabric n．织物，布料
fibre (AmE fiber) n．纤维制品；纤维素；纤维
qualification n．资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准
have the qualification for/to do有……的资格
qualify vt.使具备资格 vi.取得资格
qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
qualified adj.胜任的，有资格的
be qualified for/to do sth 有……的资格/有资格做某事
I have the relevant qualifications to qualify myself to teach English，so I hold the firm belief that I am qualified to be your teaching assistant.
我有胜任英语教学的相关资格，所以我坚信我有资格担任您的助教。
swing vi.& vt.(swung，swung) (使)改变；(使)摆动，摇摆 n．改变；摆动；秋千
swing into action 立即行动起来，马上大干起来
label n．标签；(不恰当的)称谓vt.贴标签于；(尤指不公正地)把……称为
be label(l)ed as被称为
Not all dramas written by modern people can be labeled as modern theatre.
并非所有现代人创作的戏剧都能被称为现代戏剧。
candidate n．候选人；应试者；被认定适合者
gain the upper hand处于有利地位，有优势
applicant n．申请人
apply v．申请；应用；涂，敷
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某事
apply to do sth申请做某事
apply to sth/sb适用于/运用于……(to为介词)
apply...to...把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……(to为介词)
apply oneself to (doing) sth集中精力做某事，专注于某事(to为介词)
application n．申请(表)；涂抹
From my point of view，all the applicants who will apply for the job should prepare an impressive letter of application.
在我看来，所有要申请这份工作的人都应该准备一封令人印象深刻的求职信。
prior adj.在前的；优先的，占先的
prior to 在……之前；先于……
priority n．优先处理的事；优先权
give priority to...优先考虑……；给……优先权
have/take priority over...优先于……；比……重要
profile n．概述；形象；侧面轮廓vt.概述，写简介
criterion n．(pl.criteria) 标准，准则
concisely adv.简明地，简练地，简洁地
concise adj.简明的，简练的，简洁的
shave n．刮脸，剃须vi.& vt.剃(须发)，刮脸
shave off 剃掉；刮去
shaver n．剃须刀
refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的
refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；使人凉爽的
refreshments n．饮料，小食
refresh vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；提醒
mode n．方式，风格，样式
delay n．延迟的时间；延期，耽搁vi.& vt.延迟，延期；使迟到，使拖延
delay doing 推迟做……
without delay立即；毫不拖延地
We mustn’t delay telling her the urgent news，so please email her without delay.
我们必须马上告诉她这个紧急消息，所以请立即给她发电子邮件。
duration n．持续时间，期间
for the duration直到……结束，在整个……期间
during prep.在……期间
rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的
It is rude of sb to do sth.某人做某事是粗鲁的/无礼的。
rudely adv.无礼地；粗暴地
rudeness n．无礼；粗暴
Obviously，the lawyer’s rude manner made his client explode with anger.To be honest，he definitely should not have treated the client so rudely.
显然，律师的粗鲁态度让他的客户非常生气。说实话，他确实不应该如此粗鲁地对待他的客户。
justify vt.对……作出解释，为……辩解；证明……正确
justified adj.有正当理由的
relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
be relevant to与……相关
irrelevant adj.不相关的
relevantly adv.贴切地
relevance n．关联；意义
infer vt.推断，推论，推理
infer from从……推断
inference n．推断，推论
convey vt.表达，传递；传送，运送
I’m writing to convey my appreciation for your generous help.
我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你的慷慨相助。
firm adj.强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n．商行，公司
firmly adv.坚定地；牢牢地
genuine adj.真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的
genuinely adv.真正地；真诚地
yawn vi.打哈欠
seize vt.抓住，把握；捉住，夺；攻占；没收
Seize the precious opportunity，otherwise you will regret sooner or later.
抓住这次宝贵机会，否则你迟早会后悔的。
corporate adj.公司的；全体的，共同的
corporation n．(大)公司；法人
corporately adv.团结地，共同地
put one’s best foot forward全力以赴
Once you have set yourself a goal，you should put your best foot forward to achieve it.
一旦你为自己定下目标，你就应该全力以赴去实现它。
rainbow n．虹，彩虹
madam n．女士，夫人
temporary adj.临时的，短暂的
temporarily adv.暂时
permanent adj.永久的
Compared with a permanent but meaningless job，I would rather do something temporary.
与一份永久但毫无意义的工作相比，我宁愿做一些暂时的事情。
bowling n．保龄球运动
tournament n．锦标赛
when it comes to (doing) sth说到(做)某事
When it comes to the coverage，the medical service should be available to everybody.
就覆盖面而言，医疗服务应该面向每个人。
be suitable for适合
As far as I’m concerned，the applicant equipped with a teaching qualification is most suitable for the post.
我觉得这个有教学资格证的申请人最适合这个职位。
make a list of列出……的清单
bring up提出；养育，抚养；呕吐
follow up……后接着，对……采取进一步行动
The idea sounded interesting and I decided to follow it up.
这个想法听起来很有趣，我决定要作进一步的了解。
look back on回顾
keep sb informed of让某人知道……
play a．..role in在……中扮演……角色；在……中发挥……作用
build up建立；逐渐增强
keep up with跟上(潮流、形势等)；与……保持联系；了解(消息、形势等)
put...under pressure使……处于压力之下Unit 3　Careers and skills
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
salary n．薪金，薪水
labour (AmE labor)n.劳工；劳动，(尤指)体力劳动；分娩期，分娩 vi.努力做；干苦力活
labour force (全公司或全国的)劳动力
labo(u)red adj.缓慢而困难的；不自然的；费力的
attain vt.达到；获得
attainable adj.可达到的；可获得的
Only if you employ a scientific learning approach can you attain your goal.
只有使用科学的学习方法，你才能达到你的目标。
endeavour (AmE endeavor)vi.努力，尽力 n．努力，尝试
endeavo(u)r to do努力做……
He endeavoured to attain his goal and fortunately all his endeavour paid off in the end.
他努力达到目标，幸运的是，他所有的努力最终都得到了回报。
passion n．酷爱；强烈情感
have a passion for＝be passionate about对……充满激情；酷爱
out of passion出于激情；出于热爱
passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
To sum up，not only do I have a passion for history but I am also passionate about physics.
总之，我不仅酷爱历史，而且对物理也非常热衷。
fond adj.喜爱
be fond of喜爱
anticipate vt.预料；预计
anticipate doing sth预期做某事
It is anticipated that...据预测……
anticipation n．预期，预料
in anticipation of预料，预期
superior adj.更好的，占优势的 n．级别(或地位、职位)更高的人
inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；较差的，次的 n．级别(或地位)低的人
be superior/inferior to比……高级/低级
superiority n．优越感；优越性，优势
I hold the belief that all the people are born equal，and that no one is superior to another，so you shouldn’t discriminate against anybody with superiority.
我相信，所有人生来平等，没有人比别人优越，所以你不应该带着优越感去歧视任何人。
prejudice n．偏见，成见
have (a) prejudice against对……有偏见
prejudiced adj.有偏见的；有成见的；歧视的
lawyer n．律师
servant n．雇员，职员；仆人
public servant 公务员，公仆
He had dreamed of being a lawyer，but ended up as a public servant devoting all his life to serving people heart and soul.
他曾梦想成为一名律师，但最终成为一名公务员，毕生致力于全心全意为人民服务。
consultant n．顾问；会诊医师
consult v．咨询，商讨
consultation n．就诊；咨询
clerk n．职员，簿记员，文书 vi.当职员(或文书、书记员)
receptionist n．接待员
reception n．接待；招待会；接待处
respective adj.分别的，各自的
respectively adv.各自；分别
zone n．地区；区域
comfort zone 舒适区，放松区
operate vt.操作，使运行vi.运转；工作；经营，营业
operate on sb/sth给……做手术
operator n．操作员；电话接线员
operation n．手术；运转，操作；经营
in operation运行
go/come into operation开始生效/运行/工作
put sth into operation实施，启用
have/carry out/conduct/perform an operation接受手术/做手术
hire vt.& vi.聘用，雇用；租用 n．新雇员；租借
leadership n．领导应有的品质；领导地位
leader n．领导
lead v．领导；引领；导致；处于领先地位
weigh up权衡，斟酌
Whatever decision you make，you should weigh up its advantages and disadvantages.
无论你做什么决定，你都应该权衡它的优点和缺点。
receipt n．收到的款项，收入；收据
commercial adj.商业的，贸易的；盈利的；商业性的
commerce n．商业；商务
commercially adv.商业上
commercialise (NAmE also ize) n．商业化；利用……牟利
commercialisation (NAmE also ization) n．商业化
weekly adj.每周的 adv.每周地 n．周报，周刊
monthly adj.每月的 adv.每个月 n．月刊
budget n．预算
within/over budget在预算之内/超出预算
on a tight budget预算紧张
put sth on the line让……处于危险之中
Firefighters who put their lives on the line every working day deserve our respect and admiration.
每个工作日都冒着生命危险的消防员值得我们尊敬和钦佩。
loan n．贷款，借款；借出 vt.借出，贷与(尤指钱)
client n．客户，委托人
detective n．侦探，警探
detective work调查工作，研究工作
detect v．发现，查明
detection n．侦查；探测；发现
subjective adj.主观的
objective adj.客观的
directory n．名录，电话号码簿，公司名录
plug vt.补足，供给；堵塞，封堵 n．插头；插座
plug sth in/into 接通(电源)；把(插头)插进(插座)；连接
groundwork n．基础工作，准备工作
by no means绝不
He could by no means scare off the wolf with bare hands.
他赤手空拳是绝不可能吓跑那头狼的。
in the direction of朝……方向
be engaged in从事；参加；忙于
She is a person with high self discipline who is always engaged in her academic research.
她是一个非常自律的人，总是忙于她的学术研究。
be satisfied with对……满意
add to增加，增添
contribute to为……做贡献；有助于
commit oneself to致力于
be devoted to致力于，献身于
take pride in为……自豪，为……骄傲
keep track of记录；掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
for one thing...for another...一方面……另一方面……
I am writing to apply to be a receptionist of your firm.For one thing，I am good at communicating with various people；for another，I know well about your company.
我写信申请成为贵公司的接待员。首先，我擅长与不同的人交流；另一方面，我对贵公司很了解。
work out计算出；弄清楚
think twice再三考虑，慎重考虑
Think twice and weigh up before making any important decisions，otherwise you will deeply regret.
在做任何重要决定之前要再三考虑，仔细权衡，否则你会深感后悔。晨背二　Integrated skills，Extended reading & Other parts
[对应默写练习二]
recreation n．娱乐，消遣
recreational adj.娱乐的，消遣的
lamp n．灯
random adj.随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的 n．随机
at random胡乱地；随便地；任意地
randomly adv.随机地；任意地
statistic n．统计数字，统计资料
tablet n．平板电脑；药片
certificate n．文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书
breast n．胸部，胸脯(肉)
curtain n．幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物
in a flash转瞬间，立即
tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的
tightly adv.紧紧地；紧密地
tighten v．(使)变紧；加强
As soon as I saw the fierce wolf，my throat tightened and I grabbed his sleeve tightly.
看到这匹凶猛的狼，我的喉咙发紧，紧紧抓住他的袖子。
mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的vi.成熟，长成；有判断力
maturity n．成熟
immature adj.幼稚的；(行为)不成熟的
compose oneself使自己镇定下来
Anyone who is mature should learn to compose himself first.
任何成熟的人都应该先学会镇定。
dormitory n．学生宿舍，集体宿舍
circus n．热闹场面；马戏团；马戏表演
essay n．文章，短文
geometry n．几何(学)；几何形状
paragraph n．段，段落
laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑
sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n．喷嚏，喷嚏声
reference n．参考；提到；推荐信vt.查阅，参考
reference books/materials参考书/参考资料
for reference供参考
in/with reference to关于
refer vi.提到；涉及；参考；查阅
refer to谈到，提到，指的是；查阅，参考；涉及，与……相关
refer to...as...把……称作……
The person I referred to in my essay is my head teacher who has a deep effect on me.
我在文章中提到的那个人是我的班主任，他对我影响很深。
draft n．草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟
I have finished drafting my speech and I would appreciate it if you could help polish my draft.
我已经完成了演讲稿的起草，如果您能帮我润色一下草稿，我将不胜感激。
polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n．抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛
polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；娴熟的
drawer n．抽屉
presentation n．幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出
give a presentation 介绍，展示；举办展示会
present vt.提出；介绍；呈现；授予
present sb with sth 颁发给/授予某人……
present sth to sb 颁发给/授予某人……；把……提交给某人
I feel greatly honored to give a presentation about the Mid Autumn Festival，one of the most important Chinese traditional festivals.
我非常荣幸能介绍中秋节，这是中国最重要的传统节日之一。
cafeteria n．自助餐厅，自助食堂
bounce vt.(向某人)试探地透露(主意) vi.跳动 n．弹跳；活力
bounce ideas off sb向某人试探地透露主意
bounce back恢复健康(或信心等)；重整旗鼓
on the bounce接连；连续；相继
professor n．教授；讲师，教员
profession n．专业，职业
professional adj.专业的，职业的
My uncle is a college professor by profession，without whose professional guidance，I couldn’t have made such unbelievable progress in my journalist career.
我叔叔的职业是大学教授，如果没有他的专业指导，我不可能在我的记者生涯中取得如此令人难以置信的进步。
beard n．胡须，络腮胡子
intimidating adj.吓人的，令人胆怯的
intimidate vt.恐吓；威胁
intimidated adj.胆怯的；怯场的
carriage n．(火车的)客车厢；(旧时载客的)四轮马车
kettle n．壶，水壶
librarian n．图书管理员，图书馆馆长
library n．图书馆
forehead n．额，前额
extension n．(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸；电话分机；扩建部分
extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的
extend v．扩展；延伸；使竭尽全力
Our country is building an extension to the expressway line，which will extend to Tibet.
我们国家正在扩建这条将延伸到西藏的高速线。
on the rise在上升
carve out开创，开拓
I am sure with such a strong resolve you are bound to carve out a career for yourself.
我相信，有了这样坚定的决心，你一定会开辟出自己的事业。
reflect on反思，认真思考
Pause and reflect on your actions to see what you can do better.停下来反思一下你的行动，看看哪方面你能做得更好。
hold on to抓紧，不放开
fit in(与……)合得来；适应
She is optimistic and strong minded，and thus easily fits in with new surroundings.
她乐观坚强，因此很容易适应新环境。
be responsible for为……负责
take in注意到，观看；理解，吸收
take a deep breath深呼吸
put off推迟
stick to坚持
be willing to do乐意做
Knowing that you are coming across some difficulties，I am willing to give you some assistance.
得知你遇到一些困难，我愿意给你一些帮助。
take a genuine interest in对……真正感兴趣
stare at 盯着……看
in one’s seventies在某人七十几岁的时候Unit 4　Never too old to learn
晨背一　Welcome to the unit，Reading & Grammar and usage
[对应默写练习一]
auditory adj.听的，听觉的
verbal adj.言语的，文字的；口头的
·nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
blank adj.空白的 n．空白处，空格
·blank expression/look茫然的表情
go blank (脑子)一片空白；(屏幕等)一片空白
·fill in/out the blank填空
When stared at by him，I would go blank，totally not knowing what to do next.
当我被他盯着看时，我会一片茫然，完全不知道下一步该怎么办。
composition n．构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术
·compose vt.& vi.组成；作曲；创作；撰写
be composed of 由……组成(或构成)
·composer n．作曲家；作曲者
educator n．教育家；教育工作者
·educate v．教育；教导；训练
·education n．教育(学)
·educational adj.有教育意义的；(有关)教育的
·educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的
bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事)；准备前往(某地)
be bound to 一定会，很可能会
We intend to be bound for the beautiful bay，where we are bound to have a good time.
我们打算前往那一片美丽的海湾，在那里我们一定会玩得很开心。
keep pace with sb/sth与……步调一致，与……并驾齐驱
resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n．决心，坚定的信念
resolve to do sth决心做某事，决定做某事
resolve on/upon (doing) sth决定/心(做)某事
resolution n．决议；解决；坚定；决心
make a resolution to do sth决心做某事，决定做某事
resolved adj.下定决心的；坚决的
be resolved to do sth决心做某事
Instead of resolving to lose weight，try a concrete solution to resolve your weight problem.Keep in mind that only with strong resolve/resolution and endurance can you attain your final goal.
与其下决心减肥，不如尝试一个具体的方法来解决你的体重问题。记住，只有有坚强的决心和耐力，你才能达到最终的目标。
refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起
·refresh sb/oneself with...用……使某人/自己振奋/神清气爽
refresh one’s memory唤起某人的记忆
·refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；使人凉爽的
·refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的
·refreshment n．茶点，饮料
I always refresh myself with a cup of coffee after some hard work.I also recommend that you try some of the refreshing drink.
辛苦工作之后，我总是喝杯咖啡提神。我还建议你尝尝这种提神的饮料。
objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n．目标，目的
·objectively adv.客观地
·object n．物体；对象 vi.反对；不赞成
·subjective adj.主观的
criticize vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价
·criticism n．批评，指责；评论
·critical adj.批评的，批判的；极重要的
·critic n．评论家
inquire vt.& vi.询问，打听
inquire about sb/sth询问……，打听……
inquire sth of sb向某人打听(或询问)某事
inquire into sth调查某事，查问某事
inquiry n．询问；调查
hold/launch an inquiry into sth对某事进行调查
make an inquiry about询问，打听
·inquiring adj.好奇的；探询的
register vt.& vi.登记，注册 n．语体风格，语域；登记表
·register for登记，注册
·registration n．登记，注册
subscribe vi.订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)
·subscribe to 订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成
·subscription n．订阅，订购；(杂志等的)订阅费
To keep pace with the rapidly developing world，he subscribed to a weekly paper，whose subscription accounted for a large proportion of his monthly expense.
为了跟上快速发展的世界，他订阅了一份周报，该报的订阅费占他每月开支的很大一部分。
concrete adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n．混凝土
comprehension n．理解力，领悟能力；理解练习
·beyond one’s comprehension 无法理解
·comprehend vi.& vt.理解
·comprehensive adj.综合性的；全部的
cease vi.& vt.(使)停止，终止，结束
cease doing/to do sth 停止做某事
You must cease playing/to play computer games and it’s high time that you applied yourself to your studies.
你必须停止玩电脑游戏，该是你专心学习的时候了。
self worth n．自我价值感
inductive adj.归纳的，归纳法的
·induce vt.引起；导致；诱使
·deductive adj.演绎的
reasoning n．推理，理性的观点，论证
·reason n．理由；原因；解释 v．推理；推断；推论
·reasonable adj.公平的；合理的
·reasonably adv.有理地；合理地
abstract adj.抽象的，纯理论的 vt.把……抽象出，提取
assumption n．假定，假设
·on the assumption that...假定……
make an assumption作出臆断；假定
·assume vt.假定，假设
assume sb/sth to be...假定/假设某人/某物为……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
assuming (that)．..假设/假定……
On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Association，I will organize more colorful after class activities to enrich our school life.
假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。
domain n．领域，范围；领土；域
dominate v．支配；控制；左右；影响
vocational adj.职业的，业务知识的
vocation n．职业；(认为特别适合自己的)工作
occupation n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用
occupy vt.使忙于；忙着；使用；占据
occupied adj.(人)忙于；已被占用的；使用中的
be occupied with (doing) sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
He is a lawyer by occupation who is so occupied with his work that he has no spare time at all.
他的职业是律师，忙于工作，根本没有空闲时间。
qualify vt.使合格，使具备资格 vi.取得资格(或学历)，合格
qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
qualification n．合格；资格
disqualification n．不合格；取消资格
You’ll never get a good job if you don’t have any qualifications，so you must study hard to make yourself qualified.
如果你没有任何资格，你就永远找不到一份好工作，所以你必须努力学习，使自己合格。
prospect n．成功的机会，前景；可能性
The prospect of failure disappointed us so much that our hearts sank.
失败的可能性使我们非常失望，我们的心都沉了下来。
motor adj.机动车的，汽车的 n．发动机，马达
institution n．机构；风俗习惯，制度
drill vt.& vi.培训，训练；钻(孔) n．练习，训练；钻，钻头
circuit n．电路，线路；环行；赛车道
competence n．能力，胜任
have the competence to do/for有(做)……的能力
competent adj.能干的，能胜任的
be competent to do/for sth胜任……
All in all，I hold the firm belief that you have the competence/are competent to do the job well.
总而言之，我坚信你有能力做好这项工作。
be perceived as被视为，被认为是
This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.这一发现被视为一项重大突破。
point out指出
She tried in vain to point out to him the unfairness of his actions.
她试图向他指出他的做法不公正，但无济于事。
be impressed upon/on sb某人意识到
be exposed to暴露于；接触
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with others in English.我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和他人自由交流。
make oneself open to使某人自己对……持开放态度
take advantage of利用
in summary总而言之，总的来说
In summary，for a healthy body，you must keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise.总之，为了身体健康，你必须保持均衡的饮食并经常锻炼。
be likely to do有可能做……
trial and error反复试验

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