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(共22张PPT)
中考阅读理解解题技巧与策略
——推理判断
How to Make Inference
infer / make inference 推理判断
Tom got up early. (T / F)
Can we find the answer directly from the passage
Tom got up and dressed quickly. He grabbed his bag, opened the door and rushed to the bus stop without breakfast.
Inference
(推理判断题)
1.推断文章出处
3.推断人物性格
4.推断隐含意义
5.推断写作意图
7.推断观点态度
6.推断行文逻辑
2.推断词义
Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don’t know is that junk has become a problem in outer space too. According to BBC News , there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth .
In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article
A. Environment B. Local News
C. Education D. Fashion
Passage 1
Tip
找关键词、文体、话题
推断文章出处
Questions:
The passage is most likely to be taken from______.
The passage is most likely a part of _______.
Where may the passage come from
Irving really wanted to fly, but flight school was expensive. To achieve his dream, he worked different jobs. ……
Building the plane was difficult. Irving asked more than 50 companies for airplane parts. Most said no, but he persisted in asking. Three years later, he had parts worth $300,000.
江西省英语学业水平测试 B篇66题
Passage 2
66．What can we know about Irving's personality according to the passage
A. Clever and honest B. Humorous and responsible.
C. Polite and powerful. D. Hard-working and persistent.
Tip:
找所说的话，所做的事
推断人物性格
Questions:
What do we know about somebody in the text
What kind of man/woman he/she is
Which of the following can best describe …
I don't think a computer will ever be able to do what a teacher does. A teacher has to be able to respond to students as individuals.(个体）
…and a teacher has to change his or her teaching style to fit the needs of the student. I seriously doubt that a computer will ever be able to do this even though the big data（数据）is widely used in the world.
What's the writer's attitude(态度） towards robots’
teaching English
A. Uncaring. B. Supportive.
C. Doubtful. D. Agreeable.
Passage 3
think
suggest
consider
hope
note
doubt
point out
...
Tip:
找表达人物观点的动词
推断观点态度
Questions:
. What’s the writer’s opinion
. What’s the writer’s attitude？
. What’s the writer’s advice for…
First Para. Today, by carefully choosing dog parents, humans have created many different kinds of dogs.
…
Last Para. Whether as workers or objects of affection(钟爱）,dogs have become helpful to humans in many ways. There are plenty of advantages for the dog, too. Many kinds of wild dogs have nearly disappeared from the Earth. However, the domestic dog's special place as" man's best friend" has allowed it to survive(存活）in the human world.
Passage
What's the purpose of the passage
A. To ask people to treat dogs as their own children.
B. To explain why humans need beagles in their work.
C. To tell people about the history of dogs' development.
D. To show a good relationship between dogs and humans.
4
江西省英语学业水平测试 C篇63题
Tip:
定位首尾段，找每段中心句
Questions:
. The purpose in writing this text is to ________.
. What is the purpose of the passage
. The writer writes this passage to______.
...
推断写作意图
First Para. Today, by carefully choosing dog parents, humans have created many different kinds of dogs.
…
Last Para. Whether as workers or objects of affection(钟爱）,dogs have become helpful to humans in many ways. There are plenty of advantages for the dog, too. Many kinds of wild dogs have nearly disappeared from the Earth. However, the domestic dog's special place as" man's best friend" has allowed it to survive(存活）in the human world.
Passage
62. What does the underlined word "domestic" in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Trained. B. Smart.
C. Hungry. D. Valuable.
4
江西省英语学业水平测试 C篇63题
Tip:
找关键词、上下文语境
Questions:
. What does the underlined word "..." in paragraph ..mean
. What does the underlined word "This/It" in paragraph ..refer to
推断词义
江西省英语学业水平测试 B篇67题
At the age of 13, I invented something that changed my life. It also changed the lives of many people in my community. One night, a lion from the park came into my family's farm and killed one of our cows. I was angry. However, killing the lion , I thought, was not the best way to solve the problem . Instead , I decided to invent a solution.
...
So one night, I was walking around the cowshed with a torch(手电筒), and that day the lions didn't come. And I discovered that lions were afraid of a moving light. So I had an idea. ...
67. What can we get from the passage
A. The lion killed all the cows.
B. Turere killed the lion at last.
C. The lion no longer lived in the park.
D. Turere's invention made peace with lions.
Passage 5
Tip:
圈线索，排除错误选项
推断隐含意义
Questions:
. We can infer from the passage that _________.
. From the text we know that ________.
. What can we learn from the passage
…
Passage
6
Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank" _______"in Paragraph 3.
A. He became famous when he was a young man.
B. He invented a lot of everyday machines in history.
C. It describes a number of machines of all shapes and sizes.
D. People in Turkey enjoy reading his books in their free time.
Para. 2 The clock's inventor was an engineer named al-Jazari. He lived in Turkey. Al-Jazari was probably one of the greatest engineers in history. Some historians call him" the father of modern-day engineering".
Para. 3 We know about al-Jazari mostly from a book that he wrote.________
They include clocks and hand-washing machines. The book also has drawings that show how each machine works.
江西省英语学业水平测试 D篇66题
Tip:
通过上下文语境
推断行文逻辑
Questions:
Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ？
What do you think happened later according to the story
4.推断隐含意义
Inference
(推理判断题)
1.推断文章出处
5.推断写作意图
3.推断人物性格
Summary: How to infer in reading exercise
7.推断观点态度
2.推断词义
6.推断行文逻辑
Tip: 找关键词、文体、话题
Tip: 找关键词、上下文语境
Tip: 找所说的话，所做的事
Tip: 圈线索，排除错误选项
Tip: 定位首尾段，找每段中心句
Tip: 通过上下文语境
Tip: 找表达人物观点的动词
正确选项特点(the correct option)
1. 含义比较丰富，具有一定的综合性和概括性；
2. 不会太绝对的词汇，如往往不会出现all/only/every/nobody/never等词；
干扰选项(wrong options)特点
原文事实
（无推断）
错误信息
（片面推断、不正确推断、推断过度）
主观臆断
（未合乎原文逻辑、作者观点态度）
May you succeed !
Practice makes perfect !
The truth is the only one
Homework
1. Go over what we learned today.
2. Finish additional exercises.

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