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　读后续写微技能二——情绪描写之“宽慰与温暖”
1.Alice felt relieved to see a car approaching.
看到一辆车靠近,爱丽丝松了一口气。
2.A mixture of warmth and relief flooded over her.
一种温暖和解脱交织的感觉涌上她的心头。
3.Tears of appreciation welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger for his help,but he just smiled warmly.
她感谢陌生人的帮助时,感激的泪水涌上了她的眼睛,但他只是暖暖地一笑。
4.Reaching the tall building where her office was,Alice breathed a sigh of relief.
爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的大楼,如释重负地松了口气。
5.She felt warm in the cold day,and believed there was kindness in every corner.
她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖,相信处处都有善良。
Despite the cheering of my classmates,I was almost the last to cross the finish line.1.　　　　　　　　,I was so tired that I knelt down on the track.My sweat streamed down my face.Immediately,my classmates rushed to me,2.　　　　　　　　　　　　,and urged me to rise to my feet.I was surrounded,with towels and all kinds of drinks handed to me.3.　　　　　　　　　　.That sports meet is an unforgettable experience,which gives us a lot of confidence,both in my fellow students and in my own potential.
尽管同学们都在欢呼,但我几乎是最后一个冲过终点线的。如释重负,我累得跪在跑道上。我的汗水从脸上流下来。同学们立刻向我冲过来,抓住我的胳膊,敦促我站起来。我被围了起来,毛巾和各种各样的饮料递给我。我感到一种温暖。那次运动会是一次难忘的经历,它给了我们很多信心,无论是对我的同学还是对我自己的潜力。
Period Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——通文本
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
(Ⅰ)Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Paras.1 & 2)　 A.Cunningham’s passion for his work
Part 2(Paras.3 & 4) B.Bill Cunningham’s life style and philosophy
Part 3(Paras.5 & 6) C.What made Cunningham so great
Part 4(Para.7) D.The introduction to Cunningham
(Ⅱ)The main idea of the passage is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step Ⅱ　Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Read paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 and fill in the blanks.
A 　　　　　　old man riding 　　　　　　　　around the streets of New York,always wearing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. This 　　　　　　　　man was Bill Cunningham,one of 　　　　　　　　　　American photographers of the last 50 years.
(Ⅱ)Read paragraph 3 to paragraph 7 and choose the best answer.
1.Which of the following would become a target for Cunningham
A.A rich woman dressed beautifully in Manhattan.
B.A poor man wearing worn clothes in the street.
C.A fashionable party held in the downtown.
D.A celebrity caught in the rain.
2.What made Cunningham so great
A.Beauty and potential within common people’s reality.
B.Simple,relatively cheap cameras.
C.A wide range of contacts and connections.
D.Fashionable parties and events.
3.What kept Cunningham focused on his craft
A.The good profit.
B.The love from high society.
C.The lack of self-interest and promotion.
D.The trouble of simple life.
4.From what aspects can we see that Cunningham lived a simple life
A.He lived in a small apartment.
B.He shared a bathroom with others.
C.He went to a simple restaurant to eat the same meal.
D.All of the above.
Step Ⅲ　Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Choose another suitable title for the passage.
A.Social Butterfly
B.Art and Devotion
C.Follower of Fashion
D.A Life in Photographs
2.What are paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly about
A.How Cunningham found his inspiration.
B.Cunningham was devoted to photography.
C.The reasons why Cunningham was so great.
D.The equipment Cunningham used was expensive.
3.What was Cunningham’s attitude to fashion
A.It belongs to everyone.
B.It only belongs to photographers.
C.It only belongs to high society.
D.It has nothing to do with what you wear.
4.What do we know about Cunningham from the last paragraph
A.He didn’t stop taking photos until he died.
B.He was fond of taking photos all his life.
C.He wanted to be one of the observed.
D.He was more a cultural anthropologist than a fashion photographer.
5.After reading the passage,how do you find Cunningham
A.Poor and common.
B.Hard-working and devoted.
C.Complicated and easy-going.
D.Alone and generous.
(Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully again and fill in the blanks.
Bill Cunningham
What he was He is one of the most important American 1.　　　　　　. He always took all his 2.　　　　　　 using simple,relatively cheap cameras on the streets of New York. He liked to photograph 3.　　　　　　　　 in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
Fashion belief Fashion belongs to the people,not just to 4.　　　　　　　　 and big brands. It’s about what people were wearing,and not 5.　　　　　 they were.
Devotion to photography He would go out onto the streets of New York every day,6.　　　　　　　 the weather. He would not 7.　　　　　　 until he had the right photos and hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.
Life philosophy He lived in a 8.　　　　　　　 with a shared washroom and usually had the same meal in a simple restaurant. He never accepted the 9.　　　　　　 offered to him. He valued 10.　　　　　　　 and would not be bought by anyone.
Step Ⅳ　Read beyond the lines
1.Why is Bill Cunningham called a“cultural anthropologist” (Critical thinking)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What can you learn from Bill Cunningham (Creative thinking)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅴ　Sentence-learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening,Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句,where引导宾语从句,in the poor Bronx和in rich Manhattan为介词短语作定语,分别修饰people和VIPs。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Moreover,what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography,and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.
[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。what引导主语从句,he put into his work为省略了关系代词的定语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone,no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。句中no matter how引导让步状语从句,he was offered为省略了关系代词的定语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅵ　Post-reading
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
Bill Cunningham,who looked ordinary,was one of the 1.　　　　　　 (important)American photographers of the last 50 years.What made Cunningham so great He usually found 2.　　　　　　 (inspire) where others could not,in simple,everyday scenes.These things were real,and it was within their reality 3.　　　　　　 Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.Through his fascination with what people 4.　　　　　　 (wear),and not who they were,he opened the doors of fashion to everyone—fashion as he saw it 5.　　　　　　 (belong) to the people,not just to high society and big 6.　　　　　　 (brand).Moreover,7.　　　　　　 made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography,and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer,he lived a simple life.Cunningham never accepted the benefits 8.　　　　　　 (offer)to him,which kept Cunningham 9.　　　　　　 (focus) on his craft.Cunningham’s passion 10.　　　　 photography lasted throughout his life.Cunningham was an observer,and not one of the observed,a worker not a star—and this was how he wanted it.
Unit 2　A life’s work
写精彩片段
1.In relief　2.held my arms　3.I felt a kind of warmth
Period Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——通文本
研读·教材原文
Step Ⅰ　(Ⅰ)Part 1 D　Part 2 C　Part 3 B　Part 4 A
(Ⅱ)to introduce Bill Cunningham and explain why he was so great
Step Ⅱ　(Ⅰ)white-haired；an ordinary bicycle；the same blue worker’s jacket；simple black running shoes；ordinary-looking；the most important
(Ⅱ)1.B　2.A　3.C　4.D
Step Ⅲ　(Ⅰ)1.D　2.C　3.A　4.D　5.B
(Ⅱ)1.photographers　2.pictures　3.ordinary people
4.high society　5.who　6.regardless of　7.come back
8.small apartment　9.benefits　10.his integrity
Step Ⅳ　1.Bill Cunningham is called a “cultural anthropologist” because his photography captured and created an everlasting record of the life of New York and its people over half a century.
2.We can learn his spirit of craftsmanship and fine qualities：
Be a person with a fun soul.
Find work you love and work hard for it.
Be full of devotion to your career and passion for your work.
Value your integrity and care little about fame and wealth.
Find some inspiration for your life and enjoyment of beauty.
Advocate and practice a simple life.
Step Ⅴ
1.虽然他总是知道时尚聚会和大型活动举办的地点，但无论是对于在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。
2.此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的奉献，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。
3.他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
Step Ⅵ　1.most important　2.inspiration　3.that
4.were wearing　5.belonged　6.brands　7.what
8.offered　9.focused　10.forPeriod Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 v.(使)摆好姿势
2.　　　　　　 n.食品杂货店
3.　　　　　　 n.名人,明星
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.lens n.　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.faraway adj. 　　　　　　　
3.craft n. 　　　　　　　
4.anthropologist n. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.fascinate v.深深吸引;迷住
　　　　　　 n.着迷,迷恋
　　　　　　 adj.入迷的;极感兴趣的
　　　　　　 adj.极有吸引力的;迷人的
2.fashion n.时尚
　　　　　　 adj.流行的,时兴的,时髦的
3.complicated adj.复杂的
　　　　　　 adj.不复杂的,简单的;单纯的
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　为……摆好姿势
2.　　　　　　　　对……迷恋
3.　　　　　　　　献身于;对……热爱
4.　　　　　　　　把……投入……
5.　　　　　　　　不管,不顾
6.　　　　　　　　酷爱;热衷的爱好(或活动等)
7.　　　　　　　　专注于
8.nothing more than 　　　　　　　
9.as much as 　　　　　　　
10.not once 　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式:否定词位于句首的倒装句
[原句]　Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.
也不是因为他交友广泛,识人无数。
仿写:在我的一生中,我从来没有意识到我儿子的爱,沉默但纯净而深沉。
Never in my life 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,silent but pure and deep.
2.句型公式:强调句型
[原句]　These things were real,and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential.
这些东西是真实的,在这种真实中,坎宁安看到了美好和潜力。
仿写:正是这段经历教会了他,只要他不放弃,任何事情都会实现。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
taught him anything would be achieved as long as he didn’t give up.
3.句型公式:“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
[原句]　He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone,no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人所动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
仿写:无论你表现如何,我都会以最好的方式为你服务。
I will serve you in the best way 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
1.pose v.(使) 摆好姿势;造成;引起;产生;提问;佯装;冒充 n.姿势;姿态
[佳句背诵]　Pollution poses a threat to the continued existence of this species.(环境保护)
污染对这一物种的继续生存造成威胁。
pose for　　　　　 为……摆好姿势
pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk to 对……构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pose a question 提出问题
[活学巧用]　猜测词义/单句语法填空
The journalist posed some questions to the celebrities at the meeting.　　　　　
Some criminals would pose as one of your friends and cheat you out of your money.　　　　　
The celebrities posed 　　　　　　a group photograph after the party,exhausted but happy.
2.a wide range of 各种不同的,大范围的
[佳句背诵]　The activity is intended to expose you to a wide range of English literature.(活动介绍)
该活动旨在让您接触广泛的英国文学。
(1)within/in range of 在……可及的范围内
out of/beyond range of 超出……的范围
(2)range from...to... 在……与……之间变化;包括从……到……之间
range between...and... 在……与……之间变化
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
The temperature in Kunming usually ranges between 15 ℃ 　　　　　　25 ℃.That is why it is called “the Spring City”.
Cars are driven through the mess,splashing everyone 　　　　　　range.
With the stadium set up,　　　　　　　 sports events are able to be held,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(活动介绍)
随着这个体育场的落成,各种体育赛事得以举行,包括从乒乓球、足球到赛跑不等。
3.fascination n.着迷,迷恋;吸引力
·fascinate v.使着迷
·fascinating adj.迷人的;吸引人的
·fascinated adj.着迷的,被深深吸引的
[佳句背诵]　I looked out of the car window,winding rivers,lofty mountains,sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination.(环境描写)
我从车窗外望去,蜿蜒的河流,巍峨的高山,阳光明媚的海滩和深深的山谷,让我完全沉浸在它们的魅力中。
(1)with/in fascination 　　　 入迷地;着迷地
have a fascination for/with 对……感兴趣
hold/have a fascination for sb 对某人有吸引力
(2)be fascinated by 对……动心/入迷
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
If you want to see this 　　　　　　(fascinate) river and its surrounding landscape,then come to the Yellow River Scenic Area.
As I have no idea about which type of Chinese culture 　　　　　　(fascinate) you guys,could you give me a hint
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
“Seven Worlds One Planet”,I am writing to highly recommend it to you.(推荐信)
被纪录片《七个世界一个星球》迷住了,我写信向你强烈推荐它。
4.approach to……的方法/方式;通往……的道路(to为介词)
[佳句背诵]　We will have to adopt a more scientific approach to protecting the traditional customs.(倡议书)
我们必须采取一个更科学的方法保护传统习俗。
(1)at the approach of　　 在快到……的时候
(2)be approaching 正在/将要接近
with...approaching 在……快到的时候
[名师点津]　way,method和means都有“方式,方法”之意,常和介词of连用,而approach常和介词to连用。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
It is acknowledged that the only approach to 　　　　　　(solve) the problem is giving him a helping hand immediately.
As I 　　　　　　(approach) the farm,I was greeted by a spicy smell of the barbecue,urging me to walk faster.(动作描写,2023·浙江1月卷)
随着高考的接近,很多学生变得越来越紧张。(学校生活)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
many students are becoming increasingly nervous.(with复合结构)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
many students are becoming increasingly nervous.(as引导时间状语从句)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
many students are becoming increasingly nervous.(approach n.)
5.passion for酷爱;热衷的爱好(或活动等)
[佳句背诵]　I prefer to study the English language because I have a great passion for it.(语言学习)
我更喜欢学习英语,因为我对它有极大的热情。
(1)with passion　　　 热情洋溢地,充满激情地
(2)passionate adj. 热诚的,狂热的
be passionate about 　对……热情
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Although he is not really suited to the career,he is quite passionate 　　　　　　　　becoming a lawyer.
Whatever you make up your mind to do,do it 　　　　　　passion and determination.
Not only does it supply me with a platform to broaden my horizons,but its rich content can also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(短文投稿,2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
它不仅为我提供了一个开阔视野的平台,而且它丰富的内容也能点燃我对英语强烈的热情。
1.Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections.
也不是因为他交友广泛,识人无数。
句型公式|部分倒装
句子为否定词nor位于句首的部分倒装句。
(1)never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly等表示否定意义的词位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。
(2)“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首,主句用部分倒装。
(3)not only...but also...连接两个分句时,若not only位于句首,其所在分句要用部分倒装。
(4)hardly/scarcely...when...,no sooner...than...,not until...位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。
(5)so...that.../such...that...句式中的“so+形容词/副词”或“such+名词”位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。
(6)表示“也(不)……”时,用“so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be+主语”的倒装形式。
(7)as/though引导的让步状语从句使用部分倒装时,其结构一般为“形容词/副词/动词/分词/名词+as/though+主语+谓语”。
[佳句背诵]　
So ashamed was Bryce that he promised to keep calm and cooperate.(情绪描写)
布莱斯感到非常羞愧,他答应保持冷静和合作。
Not until the sun rose did Malachi realize that he had walked for the whole night,hungry,tired and cold.
直到太阳升起,玛拉基才意识到他已经走了整整一夜,又饿又累又冷。
Only when we are equipped with enough knowledge and more abilities can we get on well in society.(发言稿)
只有当我们拥有足够的知识和更多的能力,我们才能在社会上(与他人)相处得很好。
[活学巧用]　完成句子/句式升级
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 my mind went blank.(心理描写)
我太紧张了,脑子一片空白。
No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she rushed into the pouring rain.
我刚得到解释的机会,她就跑到瓢泼大雨中去了。
Through the activity,not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, but also I experienced the happiness of harvest.(活动介绍)
通过这次活动,我不仅认识到了体力劳动的价值,也体验到了收获的快乐。
You will never be admitted to your ideal university if you are addicted to online games.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
if you are addicted to online games.(倒装句)
2.He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone,no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.
他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人所动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
句型公式|“no matter +特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句
句中的no matter how相当于however,引导让步状语从句。
(1)no matter 与what,who,whom,which,where,when,how等疑问词连用,只能引导让步状语从句,可换成疑问词+-ever。
(2)whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever等既可以引导让步状语从句,也可以引导名词性从句。
[佳句背诵]　
When it comes to learning English beyond the classroom,choose whatever way we enjoy.(语言学习,2022·全国乙卷)
在课堂之外学习英语时,要选择我们喜欢的任何方式。
However/No matter how difficult it was,no participants gave up halfway.(活动介绍)
无论多么困难,没有参与者半途而废。
[活学巧用]　完成句子/翻译句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students with Chinese and tell them more about our customs and traditions.
无论我多么忙,每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助交换生学习汉语,并且告诉他们更多我们的习俗和传统。
任何对小发明感兴趣的人都可以参加。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(通知)
Period Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——析考点
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.pose　2.grocery　3.celebrity
Ⅱ.1.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头　2.遥远的
3.(某一行业所需的)技能　4.人类学家
Ⅲ.1.fascination；fascinated；fascinating　2.fashionable
3.uncomplicated
Ⅳ.1.pose for　2.fascination with　3.devotion to
4.put...into...　5.regardless of　6.passion for　7.focus on　8.仅仅，只不过　9.差不多　10.一次也不
Ⅴ.1.had I been aware of my son’s love
2.It was that experience that　3.no matter how you behave
精析·核心要点
重要词汇
1.①v.提问　②v.佯装　③for
2.①and　②within　③a wide/full range of；which range from ping pong，football to running competitions
3.①fascinating　②fascinates　③Fascinated by the documentary
4.①solving　②approached　③With the college entrance examination approaching；As the college entrance examination approaches；At the approach of the college entrance examination
5.①about　②with　③spark my burning passion for English
经典句式
1.①So nervous was I that　②had I got the chance to explain than　③did I realize the value of physical labour　④Never will you be admitted to your ideal university
2.①However/No matter how busy I am　②Whoever is interested in making small inventions can join in it.Period Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 n.试验
2.　　　　　　 n.聚光灯;媒体的关注
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.craftsmanship n.　　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.atomic adj. 　　　　　　　
3.hydrogen n. 　　　　　　　
4.acclaim n. 　　　　　　　
5.shun v. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.propulsion n.(车辆等的)推进力
　　　　　　 adj.推动的
2.harsh adj.恶劣的,艰苦的,严峻的
　　　　　　 adv.严厉地,严峻地
3.prosper v.繁荣;兴旺
　　　　　　 adj.富裕的,繁荣的,兴旺的,
发达的
　　　　　　 n.兴旺;繁荣
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　一群
2.　　　　　　　　对……至关重要的
3.　　　　　　　　另外,除此之外
4.allow for 　　　　　　　
5.by trial and error 　　　　　　　
6.back down 　　　　　　　
7.think outside the box 　　　　　　　
8.break new ground 　　　　　　　
1.contribute to 有助于,促成;是……的原因之一
[佳句背诵]　Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will contribute to your understanding the poems.(建议信)
了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解这些诗。
(1)contribute v.　　 捐赠;贡献;促成;撰稿
contribute...to... 为……捐献……;为……撰写……
(2)contribution n. 　　　　 贡献;捐助
make contributions/a contribution to... 为……作出贡献
[活学巧用]　
猜测词义/单句语法填空/完成句子
If you want to contribute to our newspaper,please send me your article before the deadline.　　　　　　
I am convinced that your participation will certainly contribute to our 　　　　　　(win) the championship in the match.
I’m firmly convinced of the significance of honesty,which will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(演讲稿)
我坚信诚实的重要性,它有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。
2.devote oneself to...专心于/致力于……
[佳句背诵]　I decided to devote myself to the task of working with the subjects,while he developed the scientific model.(2022·浙江1月卷)
当他开发科学模型时,我决定全身心投入到研究这些主题的任务中。
(1)devote...to...　　 把……献给(用在)……
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的;全心全意的;热衷于……的
be devoted to sb/(doing) sth 挚爱某人/致力于,献身于(做)某事
(3)devotion n.　　　 奉献,忠诚
devotion to 献身于
[名师点津]　以上短语中,to均为介词,后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
　　　　　　(devote)to attaining a doctor’s degree,he spares no effort to study every day.
We have learned a great deal from her 　　　　　　(devote)to her work and her willingness to help others.
我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师,他致力于教学。(人物介绍)
→The person I admire most is my English teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(过去分词短语作定语)
→The person I admire most is my English teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(定语从句)
Part 2　Grammar——表语从句
①My feeling is that they’re going to be big one day.
②The question is whether she will offer to help me.
③China is no longer what it used to be.
④This is what makes them so special.
⑤A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages,eggs and coffee.
⑥From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
⑦It seemed as if/though the world were coming to an end!
⑧The reason why I’m calling you is that I want to invite you to my birthday party.
一、表语从句的含义
在句中充当表语的从句称为表语从句。这种从句往往是对主句主语的进一步解释说明。
二、表语从句的连接词
1.从属连词:that,whether等
2.连接代词:what,whatever,who,whom,whoever,whomever,whose,which,whichever等
3.连接副词:where,when,how,why等
三、表语从句的用法
1.从属连词that和whether引导的表语从句
(1)that引导的表语从句
that引导表语从句时仅起连接作用,无任何意义,在从句中不作任何成分,通常不可省略。
My parents’ request is that I should be admitted to a key university.
我父母的要求就是我必须被重点大学录取。
(2)whether引导的表语从句
whether引导表语从句时起连接作用,意为“是否”,在从句中不作任何成分。
The question is whether we can reduce the costs of the product.
问题是我们能否降低产品的成本。
[名师点津]　if不能引导表语从句。
2.连接代词引导的表语从句
连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等引导表语从句时,除了起连接作用外,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
That was what was bothering her on the way to school yesterday.
那就是昨天上学路上困扰她的事情。
The most important is who will be in charge of the project in such harsh conditions.
最重要的是谁将在如此恶劣的条件下负责这个项目。
His puzzle is which dictionary is of greater help to English beginners.
他的困惑是哪本词典对英语初学者帮助更大。
The question is whose suggestions are more practical in a dilemma.
问题是,在进退两难的情况下,谁的建议更实用。
3.连接副词引导的表语从句
连接副词 when,where,how,why等除在句中起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因等状语,本身具有词义。
The most exciting moment was when I was admitted to Peking University.
最激动人心的时刻是我被北京大学录取的时候。
The problem is how we can handle the difficult situation.
问题是我们如何才能处理困难的局面。
The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Water Park.
我们最后一次开心地游玩是我们参观水上公园的时候。
4.as if/as though引导的表语从句
as if/as though 引导的表语从句可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气。此类表语从句常跟在特定的动词后面,如seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。
Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years.
现在她好像认识米莉已有好多年了似的。
It appeared as if he had lost confidence.
似乎他已失去了信心。
[名师点津]　如果as if/as though引导的表语从句使用虚拟语气,要遵循以下原则:
(1)从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。
(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。
(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
5.because引导的表语从句
because说明主语所表示的事件发生的原因,意为“因为”。
He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.
他有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟太多。
四、表语从句中应注意的问题
1.that与what的区别
that引导表语从句时,是从属连词,在从句中不作成分;what是连接代词,引导表语从句时,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Quality is what counts most.(作counts的主语)
质量重要之极。
The first disadvantage is that the consumers can’t see the goods or try them on personally.(that不作句子成分)
第一个缺点是消费者不能看到商品或亲自试穿。
2.because与why的区别
(1)That’s because...意为“那是因为……”,强调原因;That’s why...意为“那是……的原因”,强调结果。
I didn’t phone her,and that’s why she got angry with me.(强调“生气”这一结果)
我没有给她打电话,那就是她对我生气的原因。
I didn’t phone her,and that’s because I got angry with her.(强调“生气”这一原因)
我没有给她打电话,那是因为我生她的气了。
(2)the reason why...is that...为固定句型,意为“……的原因是……”,why 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 reason,其中 why 也可以用 for which 替换;that 引导表语从句。
The reason why/for which his parents were disappointed was that he failed in the exam.
他父母失望的原因是他没有通过考试。
[名师点津]　名词reason作主语时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导,而不用because。
3.表语从句中的虚拟语气
在表语从句中,表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等,主句中的主语通常是:advice,suggestion,proposal,request,order,idea等,从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”(should可以省略)。
His suggestion is that we (should) adjust our plan to new conditions.
他的建议是我们应该根据新的情况调整我们的计划。
Her request is that the doctor (should) be sent for at once.
她要求立即派人请医生来。
单句语法填空/完成句子
1.They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is 　　　　　　they need an English trainer.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)
2.The result is 　　　　　　many communities,especially in farming regions,see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(2023·浙江1月卷)
3.What puzzles Lily’s friends is 　　　　　　she always has so many crazy ideas.(2021·天津3月卷)
4.This is 　　　　　　they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.
5.The question you are faced with now is 　　　　you can finish it in one hour.
6.The best moment for the football star was 　　　　　　he scored the winning goal.
7.The problem is 　　　　　　we can get to replace her.
8.This is 　　　　　　the earth travels around the sun.
9.Amazed and embarrassed,she feels 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(心理描写)
既惊讶又尴尬,她感觉所有的空气都要消失了。
10.My suggestion is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(建议信)
我的建议是我们要赶上其他班级。
Period Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.trial　2.spotlight
Ⅱ.1.手艺；工艺；技艺　2.原子能的；核能的　3.氢
4.表扬，赞赏　5.(故意)避开，躲开
Ⅲ.1.propulsive　2.harshly　3.prosperous；prosperity
Ⅳ.1.a flock of　2.be crucial to　3.in addition to
4.考虑到，顾及；估计到　5.反复试验(以得出最佳结果)
6.退让，认输　7.不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考
8.开辟新的领域；有新发现
精析·核心要点
1.①投稿　②winning　③contribute to building a warm and harmonious society
2.①Devoted　②devotion　③devoted to his teaching；who/that devotes himself to his teaching
Part 2　Grammar——表语从句
跟踪·落实检查
1.why　2.that　3.why　4.what　5.how/whether　6.when　7.who/whom　8.because　9.as if all the air were to disappear　10.that we (should) catch up with other classesPeriod Ⅳ　Developing ideas
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
(Ⅰ)Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　 A.Wang Jin and his students spend their time restoring antique clocks.
Para.2 B.Each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year.
Para.3 C.The plainly-dressed people working in the courtyard are masters.
Para.4 D.After adjustments,the antiques have lives.
Para.5 E.They sedately piece together the past with skillful hands and modest hearts.
Para.6 F.Mr Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members.
(Ⅱ)The main idea of the passage is that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step Ⅱ　Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the genre (体裁) of the passage
A.An advertisement. B.Narrative writing.
C.Expository writing. D.Argumentative writing.
2.How do people know Mr Wang,the clock restoration master
A.By reading the newspaper.
B.By listening to the news report.
C.By watching a documentary.
D.By repairing their past clocks.
3.What does “this” refer to in the third paragraph
A.Many timepieces in the Palace Museum originated from Europe.
B.The complexity of the restoration work and the lack of necessary materials.
C.Some timepieces are too old and difficult to repair.
D.There are so many old timepieces to repair.
4.Which of the following can best describe Wang Jin
A.Devoted and modest.
B.Hard-working and caring.
C.Smart and skilled.
D.Patient and optimistic.
(Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully again and fill in the blanks.
Step Ⅲ　Sentence-learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Walking through the seven crimson gates towards his workplace,Wang Jin still regards himself as an ordinary worker in the Palace Museum,although now he is often stopped by admirers wanting their photo taken with him.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。Walking through...为现在分词短语作状语;although引导让步状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored,there would still be work to do,because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。even if引导让步状语从句,主句是there be句型;because引导原因状语从句,在此从句中that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅳ　Post-reading
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
Wang Jin,one of the plainly-dressed people working in the Palace Museum,1.　　　　　　 (spend)his time restoring clocks dating back hundreds of years with his students.With objects ranging from small pocket watches 2.　　　　 clocks over one metre in 3.　　　　　　(high),the work is complex and there’s 4.　　　　　　 lack of necessary materials,5.　　　　　　 means that each expert can only work on two large pieces at most a year.After eight months of endless adjustments,Mr Wang finally fixed a huge clock 6.　　　　　　(date) back to the time of Emperor Qianlong.It was the master of time that 7.　　　　　　(bring) the clock back to life.
Despite the efforts of the masters,the 8.　　　　　　(restore) of the clocks never seems to be complete,and there are few people 9.　　　　　(engage) in this work.Later,Mr Wang’s son joins the team,which will contribute to 10.　　　　　(preserve) traditional skills.
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 adj.珍稀的;贵重的
2.　　　　　　 n.古董,古玩,古物
3.　　　　　　 n.最大量,最大值
4.　　　　　　 v.擦亮,擦光
5.　　　　　　 n.短文,论说文
6.　　　　　　 v.包括,由……构成;组成,构成
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.courtyard n.　　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.crimson adj. 　　　　　　　
3.workplace n. 　　　　　　　
4.timepiece n. 　　　　　　　
5.envoy n. 　　　　　　　
6.intricate adj. 　　　　　　　
7.painstaking adj. 　　　　　　　
8.workshop n. 　　　　　　　
9.melody n. 　　　　　　　
10.gigantic adj. 　　　　　　　
11.bark v. 　　　　　　　
12.flap v. 　　　　　　　
13.spin v. 　　　　　　　
14.exaggeration n. 　　　　　　　
15.metaphor n. 　　　　　　　
16.nonetheless adv. 　　　　　　　
17.artisan n. 　　　　　　　
18.apt adj. 　　　　　　　
19.timeless adj. 　　　　　　　
20.sedately adv. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.restore v.恢复,使复原
　　　　　　 n.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修
2.preserve v.维护,保护;保存
　　　　　　 n.保护,保存
3.modest adj.谦虚的,谦逊的
　　　　　　 n.谦逊
4.dominate v.支配,控制,主宰
　　　　　　 n.控制;统治
　　　　　　 adj.占支配地位的
5.architecture n.建筑风格,建筑设计
　　　　　　 n.建筑师
　　　　　　 adj.建筑学的,建筑方面的
6.ambition n.雄心,志向,抱负
　　　　　　 adj.宏大的,艰巨的;有抱负的,有雄心的
　　　　　　 adv.劲头十足地,雄心勃勃地
7.associate v.与……有关
　　　　　　 n.联合;联想;交往;协会;社团
　　　　　　 adj.有联系的,有关联的
8.analysis n.分析
　　　　　　 v.分析
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　发源于……,来自……
2.　　　　　　　　从……到……变化
3.　　　　　　　　使恢复生机;使苏醒
4.　　　　　　　　可追溯到
5.　　　　　　　　承担;呈现
6.　　　　　　　　从事;占用;占据
7.day in,day out 　　　　　　　
8.wind up 　　　　　　　
9.neither...nor... 　　　　　　　
10.pass on...to 　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式:if条件句中的虚拟语气
[原句]　If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft,who have spent their lives restoring precious antiques.
要不是那三集纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人竟然都是精于各门技艺的大师,他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。
仿写:如果没有海洋动物,我们都会饿死。
If 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.句型公式:完全倒装
[原句]　Among these is the clock restoration master,Wang Jin.
这其中便包括钟表修复大师王津。
仿写:在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音:“孩子们,早上好。”
Into the complete silence of the waiting class　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, “Good morning,children.”
3.句型公式:with复合结构
[原句]　With objects ranging from small pocket watches to clocks over one metre in height,each of these requires its own unique method of restoration.
小到怀表,大到超过一米高的钟表,每一件都需要其独特的修复方法。
仿写:他专心工作,没有注意到我的出现。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he didn’t notice my appearance.
4.句型公式:neither...nor...
[原句]　It is suddenly clear that when the clock masters say that “these antiques have lives”,it is neither an exaggeration nor a metaphor.
人们突然明白,当钟表大师们说“这些古董有生命”时,这既不是夸张,也不是比喻。
仿写:不从错误中吸取教训,我们既不能提高技能,也不能实现我们的目标。
Without learning a lesson from our mistakes,we would 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
1.preserve v.维护,保护;保存;维持
n.保护区
·preservation n.维护;保护;保存
[佳句背诵]　Our suggestions are that these traditional customs(should)be well preserved and handed down one generation after another.(建议信)
我们的建议是这些传统的习俗应该很好地保留下来并且一代一代地传承下去。
(1)preserve...from/against... 保护……免受……
be well-preserved 保存良好的
(2)nature preserve 自然保护区
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Well before the arrival of freezers,there was a demand for ice for food 　　　　　　(preserve) and catering.
It is our duty 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(短文投稿,2022·全国甲卷)
保护海洋不受污染是我们的责任。
2.associate v.与……有关;联想,联系;交往
·association n.联合;联想;交往;协会;社团
·associated adj.有联系的,有关联的
[佳句背诵]　Health is frequently thought to be associated with a balanced diet and plenty of exercise.(健康生活)
人们常把健康与均衡的饮食和大量的锻炼联系起来。
(1)associate...with... 使……与……联系起来
associate with sb 与某人交往/联系
be associated with... 与……有关/有联系
(2)in association with 与……联合/有关联
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
If you associate 　　　　　　positive-thinking people,you are definitely going to achieve success.
最重要的是,自制饺子往往与乡愁联系在一起,因为家家户户的口味和馅料各不相同。
→Most importantly,home-made dumplings　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,as flavors and
fillings vary from family to family.(associate)
→Most importantly,home-made dumplings　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,as flavors and fillings vary from family to family.(association)
3.comprise v.包括,由……构成;组成,构成
[佳句背诵]　A traditional Chinese painting exhibition comprised of dozens of works painted by our schoolmates was held yesterday in the art center.(活动介绍)
昨天在艺术中心举办了一个国画展,展览包括我们同学画的几十幅作品。
be comprised of (=be made up of/be composed of/consist of)由……组成
[活学巧用]　一句多译
大家都知道,生活中不仅有阳光,还有风雨。(主旨升华)
→It is universally acknowledged that life　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(comprise)
→It is universally acknowledged that life　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(make up)
→It is universally acknowledged that life 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(consist)
→It is universally acknowledged that life　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(compose)
4.take on 呈现;承担;雇佣
[佳句背诵]　With the remarkable development of science and technology,our country has taken on a new look.(短文投稿)
随着科技的显著发展,我国呈现了新的面貌。
take up　　 接受;开始从事;占据(时间或空间)
take off 脱掉(衣服等);起飞;事业腾飞
take over 接管;获得对……的控制或管理
take down 写下;记下;拆除
take in 吸收;接纳;领会;欺骗
[活学巧用]　完成语段
After 　　　　　　　　the firm from his father,Tom 　　　　　　　　some scientific ideas and 　　　　　　　　some experienced and hard-working workers,which suggested that his firm would 　　　　　　　　soon.Tom held the strong belief that his firm would 　　　　　　a new look in the near future.
汤姆从父亲手中接过公司后,吸收了一些科学思想,雇用了一些经验丰富、工作勤奋的工人。这一切都预示着他的公司很快就会腾飞。汤姆坚信他的公司在不久的将来会呈现新面貌。
5.If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary,outsiders would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft...
要不是那三集纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人竟然都是精于各门技艺的大师……
句型公式|if条件句中的虚拟语气
本句为if条件句中的虚拟语气,从句与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用would have done形式。
从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式
与现在事实 相反 过去式(be动词用were) would(could,should或might)+动词原形
与过去事实 相反 had+过去分词 would(could,should或might)+have+过去分词
与将来事实 相反 (1)过去式(be动词用were) (2)should+动词原形 (3)were to+动词原形 would(could,should或might)+动词原形
[佳句背诵]　
If I were a dustman,I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street.(发言稿)
如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。
If I saw/were to see/should see him tomorrow,I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday.
如果我明天看到他,我就会告诉他我在昨天举行的比赛中获得了第一名的好消息。
If I had followed your advice,I would have passed the important exam.
如果我早听从你的建议,我就会通过这场重要的考试了。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
If I 　　　　　　(have) enough money,I would buy the new toy for you.
If it 　　　　　　　　　　(rain) tomorrow,I wouldn’t go to the grocery store.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for your assistance,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the prize.(感谢信)
如果没有你的帮助,我就不会获奖。
Period Ⅳ　Developing ideas
研读·教材原文
Step Ⅰ　(Ⅰ)Para.1 C　Para.2 A　Para.3 B　Para.4 D
Para.5 F　Para.6 E
(Ⅱ)some masters of their craft spend their lives restoring precious antiques
Step Ⅱ　(Ⅰ)1.B　2.C　3.B　4.A
(Ⅱ)1.masters　2.maximum　3.endless　4.skills
5.modest
Step Ⅲ
1.王津穿过七重深红色的大门，走向自己的工作地点。尽管现在他经常被想和他合影的粉丝拦住，他仍然认为自己是故宫博物院的一名普通工人。
2.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。
Step Ⅳ　1.spends　2.to　3.height　4.a　5.which　6.dating
7.brought　8.restoration　9.engaged　10.preserving
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.precious　2.antique　3.maximum　4.polish　5.essay　6.comprise
Ⅱ.1.庭院，院子　2.深红色的　3.工作场所　4.计时器；钟；表　5.使者，使节　
6.错综复杂的　7.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的　8.车间，工场　9.歌曲；曲调　
10.巨大的，庞大的
11.(狗)吠叫　12.振(翼)，扑动(翅膀)　13.将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线)，纺(线)　
14.夸大，夸张　15.隐喻，暗喻
16.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此　17.工匠，手艺人
18.适当的，恰当的　19.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的
20.安静地；慢悠悠地
Ⅲ.1.restoration　2.preservation　3.modesty
4.domination；dominant　5.architect；architectural
6.ambitious；ambitiously　7.association；associated
8.analyze/analyse
Ⅳ.1.originate from　2.range from...to...　3.bring...back to life
4.date back to　5.take on　6.take up　7.日复一日
8.给……上发条；把(尤指车窗)摇上　9.既不……也不……
10.把……传给，递给
Ⅴ.1.it weren’t for sea animals；would all starve　2.came the teacher’s sweet voice　3.With his mind concentrated on his work　4.neither improve skills nor realize our goals
精析·核心要点
1.①preservation　②to preserve the oceans from being polluted
2.①with　②are often associated with homesickness；are often in association with homesickness
3.is comprised of not only sunshine but also storms；is made up of not only sunshine but also storms；consists of not only sunshine but also storms；is composed of not only sunshine but also storms
4.taking over；took in；took on；take off；take on
5.①had　②were to rain/should rain/rained
③If it had not been；wouldn’t have wonPeriod Ⅴ　Writing——说明文
一、文体解读
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式的文体。它主要用来说明事物的特点和发展变化的规律,有时候会添加个人评价,目的在于使读者获得必要的信息,对事物有更清晰、完整的了解和认识。写此类文章要注意以下几个方面:
1.写说明文首先要清晰阐明要说明的对象。
2.说明文的主体部分应包括实例、事实或证据。
3.最后通过呈现的实例、事实或证据来得出结论。
二、篇章结构
1.开头——清晰阐明要说明的对象。
2.主体——实例、事实或证据。
3.结尾——得出结论。
一、亮点词汇
1.开头人物介绍
be born in Zhejiang Province,be famous for his novels,be considered as a great philosopher
2.主体部分具体人物介绍
graduate from a famous university,have a gift for music,make a breakthrough in science,in the field of
3.对人物的评价与总结
speak highly of his integrity,be honoured as the father of the Western politics,be remembered as a hero
二、高级句式
1.Born into a poor clerk’s family,Charles Dickens,a great novelist,had little schooling.
出生在一个贫穷的职员家庭,查尔斯·狄更斯,一个伟大的小说家,没受过什么教育。
2.Majoring in Science,he graduated from a famous university in the north and after 4 years,he went abroad for further studies.
他的专业是理科,毕业于北方一所著名的大学,4年后,他出国深造。
3.Graduating from the department of English of Sun Yat-sen University,she went on further education and received a doctor’s degree.
从中山大学英语系毕业后,她继续深造,获得了博士学位。
4.So hard does he work that he devotes almost all his lifetime to our human cause.
他工作非常努力,几乎把他的一生都奉献给了我们人类的事业。
5.With great determination and perseverance,he took 37 years to finish the book,which makes a great contribution to China.
他以极大的决心和毅力,用了37年的时间完成了这本书,为中国做出了巨大的贡献。
6.We sing high praise for his brave stories,and his heroic stories will spread all over China.
我们高度赞扬他的英勇事迹,他的英雄事迹将传遍全中国。
请根据下面的汉语提示写一篇短文介绍孔子。
1.孔子是我国古代伟大的思想家和教育家;
2.孔子强调仁爱、责任和秩序的重要性;
3.孔子开办学堂,传授自己的哲学思想,培养了很多哲学家,为社会作出了巨大的贡献;
4.孔子的思想影响了中国两千多年,还在继续影响着我们;
5.孔子是世界上真正的名人,很多国家建立了孔子学院来弘扬孔子的哲学思想。
第一步　审题谋篇
体裁 说明文
人称 第三人称
时态 一般过去时;一般现在时
框架 第一段:孔子的地位。 第二段:孔子的主要思想与成就。 第三段:孔子对中国及世界的影响。
第二步　要点翻译
1.孔子强调社会上仁义、责任和秩序的重要性。
Confucius 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 kindness,duty and order in society.
2.无论他到哪里,他都会宣扬他的教义。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he would preach his doctrines.
3.他开办了一些学校来教导他的学生要高尚。
He set up some schools 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　noble.
4.他对社会作出了巨大的贡献,因为他的许多学生都成为了著名的哲人。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the society,for many of his students became famous philosophers.
5.他们对中国的历史有很大的影响。
They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　China’s history.
6.两千多年来,他的思想一直影响着中国,这种影响至今仍在继续。
China 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 his thought for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2,000 years,and the influence is still on.
7.孔子在世界上非常有名,许多国家都开办了孔子学院来学习和传播他的学说。
Confucius is really famous in the world and many countries have started a Confucius College 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第三步　词句升级
1.用定语从句升级要点1和要点2
Confucius 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, would preach his doctrines wherever he went.
2.用并列连词and和定语从句升级要点3、要点4和要点5
He set up some schools to teach his students to be noble and made a great contribution to the society,for many of his students became famous philosophers,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第四步　连句成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
假定你是李华,请根据下面的内容提示,为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文,介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家梁建英。
1.出生时间:1972年4月　出生地点:山东省
2.荣誉:国家卓越工程师
3.主要经历
(1)1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作;
(2)2007年主持研制出国内首列时速为300—350公里的动车组;
(3)2017年,“复兴号”以350公里的时速正式投入运营,在高铁运营领域取得了新的突破。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:高速列车G-Series High-Speed Train
“复兴号”Fuxing Electric Multiple Unit
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Period Ⅴ　Writing——说明文
示例·分步写作
第二步　要点翻译
1.stressed the importance of　2.Wherever he went
3.to teach his students to be　4.made a great contribution to
5.had a great influence on　6.has been influenced by；more than
7.to study and spread his philosophy
第三步　词句升级
1.who stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society　2.who had a great influence on China’s history
第四步　连句成篇
Confucius is a great thinker and educationist in ancient China.
Confucius who stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society，would preach his doctrines wherever he went.He set up some schools to teach his students to be noble and made a great contribution to the society，for many of his students became famous philosophers，who had a great influence on China’s history.
China has been influenced by his thought for more than 2，000 years，and the influence is still on.Confucius is really famous in the world and many countries have started a Confucius College to study and spread his philosophy.
跟踪·落实检查
【参考范文】
Liang Jianying，National Excellent Engineer，was born in Shandong Province in April 1972.Since she graduated in 1995，she has been devoting herself to researching into the development of China’s G-Series High-Speed Train.In 2007，she directed and developed the first G-Series High-Speed Train in China which was operated at the speed of 300-350 kph.In 2017，Fuxing Electric Multiple Units were put into service with the speed of 350 kph，which made a new breakthrough in the operation of the High-speed Railway.
Liang Jianying has set a good example to us.Inspired by her spirit of painstaking dedication and innovation，we will study hard to contribute to the development of our country in the future.单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.默写词块
一、教材词块默写
1.　　　　　　　　 一位白发老人
2.　　　　　　　　 对他摆姿势
3.　　　　　　　　 相对便宜的相机
4.　　　　　　　　 交友广泛,识人无数
5.　　　　　　　　 拍摄普通人
6.　　　　　　　　 他对摄影的奉献精神
7.　　　　　　　　 一位世界著名的时尚摄影师
8.　　　　　　　　 珍视自己的正直
9.　　　　　　　　 捕捉纽约独特的街头风格
10.　　　　　　　　 按着自己的节奏流逝
11.　　　　　　　　 那些衣着朴素的人
12.　　　　　　　　 被粉丝拦住
13.　　　　　　　　 打破寂静
14.　　　　　　　　 为巨型钟表上弦
15.　　　　　　　　 将他的技艺传授给新成员
二、讲解词块默写
1.　　　　　　　　 对这一物种造成威胁
2.　　　　　　　　 从乒乓球、足球到赛跑不等
3.　　　　　　　　 广泛的英国文学
4.　　　　　　　　 被纪录片迷住
5.　　　　　　　　 看看这条迷人的河
6.　　　　　　　　 一个保护传统习俗的方法
7.　　　　　　　　 接近农场
8.　　　　　　　　 点燃我对英语强烈的热情
9.　　　　　　　　 有助于你理解诗歌
10.　　　　　　　　 致力于教学
11.　　　　　　　　 和均衡的饮食有关
12.　　　　　　　　 与思维积极的人交往
13.　　　　　　　　 由几十幅作品组成
14.　　　　　　　　 呈现新面貌
15.　　　　　　　　 保护海洋不受污染
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.Never 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　if you are addicted to online games.
如果你沉迷于网络游戏,你永远不会被理想的大学录取。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he never abandoned his assignment.
不管天气多么糟糕,他从不放弃他的任务。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 from those around me,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果没有身边人的爱和关心,我不可能成功。
4.Standing outside the classroom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,lowering his head and crying silently.
正站在教室外的是一位男孩,他低着头,静静地哭着。
5.He was now holding his throat 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,while his
desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
他的脸涨得通红,扼住自己的喉咙,而他的朋友们正拼命拍打他的背。
Ⅲ.语法填空——核心考点语境串记
Wang Tao was 1.　　　　　　(fascinate) by antiques from an early age and now he is a famous antique connoisseur and 2.　　　　　　(restore) expert.For a long time,he has thought outside the box,constantly broken new ground,and put himself at the cutting edge of this field,3.　　　　　　 has been respected and loved by people.Though he is a celebrity,he still regards himself 4.　　　　　　 an ordinary worker.Last year,he spent six months repairing a watch 5.　　　　　　(date) back to the Qing Dynasty.During this period,he analysed its structure,overcame all kinds of difficulties and finally brought the watch back 6.　　　　　　 life through his painstaking efforts.Antique restoration is a race against time that will never win;nonetheless,he is very optimistic about this work.While doing his job well,Wang Tao has also taken on the task of inheriting crafts.Following in the footsteps of his own teacher all those years,Wang Tao has now passed on his skills to the new members.This new generation of 7.　　　　　　 (artisan) will help preserve 8.　　　　　　(tradition) skills.9.　　　　　　 is with their remarkable skills,innovation,diligence and humility that many antiques 10.　　　　　　(protect) well so far.
单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.一、1.a white-haired old man　2.pose for this man
3.relatively cheap cameras　4.a wide range of contacts and connections　5.photograph ordinary people　6.his devotion to photography　7.a world-famous fashion photographer　8.value his integrity　9.capture New York’s unique street style　10.tick at its own pace　11.the plainly-dressed people
12.be stopped by admirers　13.break the silence　14.wind up the gigantic clocks　15.pass on his skills to the new members
二、1.pose a threat to the species　2.range from ping pong，football to running competitions　3.a wide range of English literature　4.be fascinated by the documentary　5.see this fascinating river　6.an approach to protecting the traditional customs
7.approach the farm　8.spark my burning passion for English
9.contribute to your understanding the poems　10.devote himself to his teaching　11.be associated with a balanced diet
12.associate with positive-thinking people
13.be comprised of dozens of works　14.take on a new look
15.preserve the oceans from being polluted
Ⅱ.1.will you be admitted to your ideal university
2.No matter how miserable the weather was
3.If it hadn’t been for the love and care；wouldn’t have made it
4.is a boy　5.with his face turning red
Ⅲ.1.fascinated　2.restoration　3.which　4.as　5.dating
6.to　7.artisans　8.traditional　9.It
10.have been protected

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