资源简介

　读后续写微技能六——情绪描写之各种“笑”
1.With a broad smile on her lips,15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting.
15岁的詹妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容,跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画作。
2.Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her.
她妈妈停下来,转过脸来朝她微笑。
3.They laughed loudly,except me,who could do nothing but force a bitter smile.
他们大声地笑,除了我,我什么也做不了,只能挤出一个苦涩的笑。
4.She smiled,winked at Jenny and said,“Jenny,you paint really well.”
她笑着朝詹妮眨了眨眼,说道:“詹妮,你画得真好。”
5.The entire class suddenly exploded with laughter.
全班同学突然哄堂大笑。
Approaching the nearby countryside,we were greeted by rolling mountains and green grass dotted with countless wild flowers.1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, rushed outside and eagerly announced the need to put up the tent. When we put up the tent,the surrounding peaceful landscape as well as the sweet scent of fresh flowers all kept us fascinated.Suddenly,our forgetful mom murmured in a puzzled voice,“Oh,why I forgot the pillow!” 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Despite the ache of our necks the next day,we had sweet memories of the trip 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
走近附近的乡村,映入我们眼帘的是连绵起伏的山峦和点缀着无数野花的绿草地。妈妈兴奋地打开门,冲到外面,急切地宣布要搭帐篷了。我们搭帐篷时,周围的宁静秀美的风光和鲜花的芳香都让我们着迷。突然,我们健忘的妈妈困惑地低声说:“哦,我怎么忘了带枕头!”我们放声大笑。尽管第二天我们的脖子很疼,但旅行的甜蜜回忆却涌上心头。
Period Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——通文本
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
(Ⅰ)Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　 A.Snow can change the world magically.
Para.2 B.Snow made me as excited as the children.
Para.3 C.The entire scene looked frightening.
Para.4 D.Snow reminds me of my childhood memories.
Para.5 E.The sun made the snowy landscape lovely.
(Ⅱ)The main idea of the passage is John Boynton Priestley’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step Ⅱ　Read the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the short introduction to the author of First Snow and fill in the blanks.
Priestley joined the army in World War Ⅰ.After the war,he 1.　　　　　　　　　　 from Cambridge University,and then he worked as a freelance writer and radio presenter.Priestley loved snow and 2.　　　　　　　　　　 to live in a country where it often snowed.
(Ⅱ)Read Paras.1&2 and do the following exercises.
1.Why did the children look through the window excitedly
A.Because the Christmas had come around again.
B.Because it was the first snow in the winter.
C.Because it was out of the country.
D.Because the author was sweating in a hot climate during the snowy season.
2.Why did the author get excited at the fall of snow
A.Because Mr Robert Lynd said a fall of snow was an event.
B.Because Christmas had suddenly come round again.
C.Because he didn’t see a fall of snow for a long time.
D.Because he never saw so heavy a fall of snow before.
3.Why did the author describe the first fall of snow to be a magical event
A.Because the scene after the first fall of snow was quite different.
B.Because the author had never seen snow before.
C.Because the snow was created by a magician.
D.Because the snow was very quiet.
(Ⅲ)Read Paras.3-5 and do the following exercises.
1.What made the familiar business in the bathroom so strange
A.The cold world.
B.The Japanese print.
C.The light coming through the window.
D.The little plum tree outside.
2.What happened to the dining-room window
A.It was flushed with delicate pinks.
B.It became a lovely Japanese print.
C.It was covered by the faintly flushed snow.
D.It was artfully disposed in full sunlight.
3.What made the writer hardly see the whole shallow valley clearly
A.The grey sky.
B.The falling flakes.
C.The bending trees.
D.The white and blue light.
Step Ⅲ　Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why does the author begin with Robert Lynd’s comments
A.To lead to the topic.
B.To show his admiration for Jane Austen.
C.To describe the beauty of the snow.
D.To stress the importance of the first snow.
2.What rhetorical device (修辞手法) does the author use in this sentence“The dining-room window had been transformed into a lovely Japanese print.”
A.Simile (明喻).
B.Personification (拟人).
C.Hyperbole (夸张).
D.Antithesis (对比).
3.What type of text is this passage
A.Narration (记叙文).
B.Argumentation (议论文).
C.Exposition (说明文).
D.Essay (散文).
4.How does the passage mainly develop
A.By listing numbers.
B.By following the order of time.
C.By making a comparison.
D.By giving examples.
(Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully again and fill in the blanks.
First Snow
The fall of the first snow ·The snow was really an event and it was 1.　　　　　　　　.
·The first fall of snow is also 2.　　　　　　　　.
The description of the first snow When I got up this morning ·The world became a cold place of 3.　　　　　　　 and pale blues. ·The light that came through the windows was very strange.
The sun came out ·The snow became 4.　　　　　　　　. ·The dining-room window changed into a lovely Japanese print. ·The little plum tree outside stood 5.　　　　　　　　.
An hour or two later ·Everything was 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ·The sky was 7.　　　　　　　　. ·All the trees had so many black and 8.　　　　　　　　.
Now ·The snow is falling 9.　　　　　　. ·The roofs are thick and the trees are all 10.　　　　　　. ·I can see the children flattening their noses against the window.
Step Ⅳ　Read beyond the lines
1.Why does the author mention Jane Austen at the beginning of the passage (Critical thinking)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What images does the author use to enhance the description of snow (Creative thinking)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅴ　Sentence-learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children,whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.
[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。主句为I was nearly as excited...as the children,其中使用了as...as结构;whom引导定语从句,修饰先行词the children;as if引导方式状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.The fact is,however,that the snow was as strange and fascinating to me as it was to them.
[句式分析]　本句中that引导表语从句;as...as引导比较状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.It is the first fall we have had here this winter,and last year I was out of the country,sweating in a hot climate,during the snowy season,so that it really does seem an age since I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted.
[句式分析]　we have had here this winter为定语从句,省略关系代词that;sweating in a hot climate为现在分词短语作伴随状语;so that引导结果状语从句,在此从句中,since引导时间状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.From my study,which is apart from the house and faces it,I can see the children flattening their noses against the window,and there is running through my head a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child and flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow...
[句式分析]　句中which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词my study;第一个并列连词and连接并列谓语is和faces;flattening their noses为现在分词短语作宾语补足语;第二个and连接并列分句;I used to repeat 为省略关系代词的定语从句,修饰先行词rhyme;when引导时间状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅵ　Post-reading
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
It is the first time that I 1.　　　　　　 (see) snow this year.It is not only an event but a magical event.You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find 2.　　　　　　 (you) in another completely different.The very secrecy and 3.　　　　　　 (quiet) makes it more magical.When I got up this morning,I found the world dead white and pale blues.The light 4.　　　　 (come) through the windows was very strange,5.　　　　　　 made the familiar business of splashing,shaving,brushing and dressing very strange,too.When the sun came out,the snow became pink.The plum tree stood in full sunlight.An hour 6.　　　　　　 two later,everything was a cold sparkle of white and blue.The little Japanese prints had disappeared.The ground went on and on,the sky was thick grey,and all the trees were black and in 7.　　　　　　 (threaten) shapes.Now the snow is falling 8.　　　　　　 (heavy) in great soft flakes so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley.The 9.　　　　　　 (roof)are thick and the trees are all bending.I can see the children 10.　　　　　　 (flatten) their noses against the window.
Unit 6　Nature in words
写精彩片段
1.Mom opened the door excitedly
2.We exploded with laughter　3.crowding in on us
Period Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——通文本
研读·教材原文
Step Ⅰ　(Ⅰ)Para.1 B　Para.2 A　Para.3 E　Para.4 C　Para.5 D
(Ⅱ)description and love of the first snow
Step Ⅱ　(Ⅰ)1.gained a degree　2.expressed a desire
(Ⅱ)1.B　2.C　3.A
(Ⅲ)1.C　2.B　3.B
Step Ⅲ　(Ⅰ)1.A　2.A　3.D　4.B
(Ⅱ)1.strange and fascinating　2.a magical event　3.dead white　4.delicate pinks　5.in full sunlight　6.a cold sparkle of white and blue　7.thick grey　8.threatening shapes　9.heavily　10.bending
Step Ⅳ　1.By referencing the characters of Jane Austen，who is known for her witty，perceptive observations of early 19th century English country life，the author is emphasising the irony and self-awareness with which he goes on to make his statement about the first snow.
2.Images used by the author to enhance the description of snow：a cold place of dead white and pale blues，flushing the snow with delicate pinks，a cold sparkle of white and blue，falling heavily，in great soft flakes...
Step Ⅴ
1.对于这场雪，我今早近乎像孩子们那样兴奋。我发现孩子们在透过窗子看着外面奇妙的世界，兴奋地说个不停，就像圣诞节突然又到来了一般。
2.然而，事实上，这场雪对我和对他们一样奇特和迷人。
3.这是今年冬天我们这里的第一场雪，而在去年的雪季，我身在异国，在酷热的天气里汗流不止，所以离我上次欣赏到这银装素裹的世界，着实过了些时日了。
4.我的书房是和房子独立开来的，书房在房子的对面。从书房看去，可以看到孩子们把鼻子抵在窗户上看雪的样子，我的脑海里涌现出了一首儿歌，那是我小时候将鼻子抵在冰凉的窗户上看雪时会一直重复哼着的歌……
Step Ⅵ　1.have seen　2.yourself　3.quietness　4.coming
5.which　6.or　7.threatening　8.heavily　9.roofs
10.flatteningPeriod Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 adj.一周一次的,每周的
2.　　　　　　 v.变弯曲
3.　　　　　　 n.教堂
4.　　　　　　 v.改进;增强
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.secrecy n.　　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.shaving n. 　　　　　　　
3.flush v. 　　　　　　　
4.plum n. 　　　　　　　
5.dispose v. 　　　　　　　
6.sparkle n. 　　　　　　　
7.prospect n. 　　　　　　　
8.glare n. 　　　　　　　
9.flake n. 　　　　　　　
10.weathercock n. 　　　　　　　
11.rhyme n. 　　　　　　　
12.alabaster n. 　　　　　　　
13.goose n. 　　　　　　　
14.feather n. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.inspect v.检查;视察
　　　　　　 n.检查员,巡视员
　　　　　　 n.视察,检查
2.insist v.坚称,坚决认为
　　　　　　 n.坚决要求;坚持
3.faint adj.模糊的;虚弱的
　　　　　　 adv.微弱地;模糊地
4.red adj.红的,红色的
　　　　　　 v.(使)变红
5.innocent adj.天真无邪的;无辜的
　　　　　　 n.无辜;天真
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　 冒……的风险
2.　　　　　　　　 (战争、火灾)爆发
3.　　　　　　　　 许多
4.　　　　　　　　 出现;出版
5.　　　　　　　　 把……转变成……
6.　　　　　　　　 在初期,开始不久
7.talk away 　　　　　　　
8.come round 　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式:by the time引导时间状语从句
[原句]　Then the sun came out,and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.
接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地增添了柔和的粉红色。
仿写:当你来到这里的时候,你将体验到我们的中国传统文化。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
you will have experienced our traditional Chinese culture.(邀请信)
2.句型公式:with复合结构
[原句]　The little plum tree outside,with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk,stood in full sunlight.
在阳光的普照之下,屋外的李子树的树干和枝丫被淡粉的积雪精致巧妙地装点着。
仿写:随着中国诗词比赛的临近,我想给你一些切实可行的建议。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I’d like to offer you some practical suggestions.(建议信)
3.句型公式:as if引导表语从句
[原句]　It was as if our kindly countryside,close to the very heart of England,had been turned into a cruel grassland.
就好像我们这个靠近英格兰中心位置的亲切小乡村变成了暴躁的草原。
仿写:靠近房子的时候,我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边,一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
Upon approaching the house,I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck,looking sad.It seemed 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
1.insist v.坚称,坚决认为;坚决要求
·insistence n.坚决要求;坚持
[佳句背诵]　The farmers insisted on sending us some tasty apples when we set off for our school.(活动介绍)
当我们出发回学校时,农民们坚持要送我们一些好吃的苹果。
insist on/upon (doing) sth坚持(做)某事
insist that...坚持……;坚决要求……
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
They simply insist 　　　　　　mutual recognition and regard.
He insisted on 　　　　　　(walk) me to the station to see me off,which nearly moved me to tears.
The teacher 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to do the work well.(学校生活)
老师坚决主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。
[名师点津]　insist表示“坚持认为,坚持说”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚持;坚持要求”时,从句用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。
2.at the risk of 冒……的风险
[佳句背诵]　During the Spring Festival,many citizens set off fireworks and firecrackers at the risk of being fined.
春节期间,许多市民冒着被罚款的危险燃放烟花爆竹。
risk n.　　　 危险,风险
v. 冒……的风险
risk doing sth 冒着做某事的风险
risk one’s life 冒着生命危险
put...at risk 使……处境危险;使……遭受危险
[活学巧用]　
单句语法填空/完成句子/同义句转换
Young people may risk 　　　　　　(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
As I recalled that experience,it dawned on me that I 　　　　　　　　　　　　.(主旨升华)
当我回忆起那次经历时,我明白了我永远不应该把自己置于危险之中。
The stranger saved the drowning boy’s life at the risk of losing his own life.
→The stranger 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the drowning boy’s life.
3.come round/around (如往常一样)发生,降临;拜访;苏醒
[佳句背诵]　Everyone got excited when the Spring Festival came round/around.(情绪描写)
当春节来临时,每个人都很兴奋。
come out　　　　 出现;出版
come up 走近;被提及
come up with 提出;想出(主意、计划、回答等)
come about 发生;产生
come across (偶然)遇见;碰见;被理解
come on 加油;快点;出场,上场
when it comes to 当谈到……,当提及……
[活学巧用]　完成语段
Last month,my cousin 　　　　　　　　and shared some useful tips on learning with me.　　　　　　　　　　 English learning,she suggested that I should be confident and open-minded.Firstly,when 　　　　　　　　unfamiliar words,I had better not always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore,when teachers’ questions 　　　　　　　　in class,I should try 　　　　　　　　　　answers.Lastly,even if I fail sometimes,I must say to myself,“　　　　　　　　!”
上个月,我的表姐造访并跟我分享了一些有用的学习技巧。提到英语学习时,她建议我要自信并且开明。首先,遇到不熟悉的单词的时候,我最好不要总是查词典。而且,当老师在课堂上提出问题时,我应该努力想出答案。最后,即使我有时会失败,我必须对自己说:“加油!”
4.Then the sun came out,and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.
接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时,太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目,给雪地增添了柔和的粉红色。
句型公式|by the time引导时间状语从句
句中by the time引导时间状语从句,意为“到……时候为止”。
(1)by the time+从句(一般过去时),主句常用过去完成时;
by the time+从句(一般现在时),主句常用一般将来时或将来完成时;
(2)“by+表过去的时间”作状语时,谓语动词用过去完成时;“by+表将来的时间”作状语时,谓语动词用一般将来时或将来完成时。
[佳句背诵]　
By the time the night fell,Bernard had sold out all the popcorn.(新高考Ⅰ卷)
夜幕降临时,伯纳德已经卖完了所有的爆米花。
By the time he realizes he has walked into a trap,it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
当他意识到自己走进了陷阱,再采取行动就太晚了。
[活学巧用]　完成句子/句式升级
By the time he was a teenager,he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as a wonderful young musician.(人物描写)
到他十几岁的时候,他已享有杰出的年轻音乐家的声誉。
Next year he will be 22 and he will graduate from Zhejiang University.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he will graduate from Zhejiang University.(by the time引导的时间状语从句)
5.It was as if our kindly countryside,close to the very heart of England,had been turned into a cruel grassland.
就好像我们这个靠近英格兰中心位置的亲切小乡村变成了暴躁的草原。
句型公式|as if引导表语从句
as if=as though “仿佛;好像”,可引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
(1)as if从句用陈述语气:从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。
(2)as if从句用虚拟语气:
·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反);
·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反);
·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反)
[佳句背诵]　
Look at the clouds in the sky!It looks as if it is going to rain.(环境描写)
看看天上的乌云!看起来要下雨了。
Bernard returned with great joy as if he had got a million pound bank note.(心理描写,新高考Ⅰ卷)
伯纳德兴高采烈地回来了,就像他得到了一张百万英镑的钞票一样。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
She looks as if/though she 　　　　　　(be) sick.
David insisted on running 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
大卫坚持跑,就好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点。
Period Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas——析考点
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.weekly　2.bend　3.church　4.enhance
Ⅱ.1.保密，秘密状态　2.刮胡子　3.(使)发红　4.李子；梅子
5.排列，布置　6.闪耀，闪光　7.开阔的景观，景色　8.刺眼的强光　9.小薄片　10.(公鸡形)风标　11.儿歌，童谣 12.雪花石膏　13.鹅　14.羽毛
Ⅲ.1.inspector；inspection　2.insistence　3.faintly　4.redden　5.innocence
Ⅳ.1.at the risk of　2.break out　3.a number of　4.come out　5.transform...into...　6.early on　7.不停地谈，喋喋不休　8.(如往常一样)发生，降临；拜访；苏醒
Ⅴ.1.By the time you come here　2.With the Chinese Poetry Contest approaching　3.as if something unpleasant happened
精析·核心要点
1.①on　②walking
③insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of
2.①going　②should never put myself at risk
③risked his own life to save
3.came around；When it came to；coming across；come up；to come up with；Come on
4.①had already enjoyed a reputation　②By the time he is 22
5.①were　②as if he had forgotten all his weaknessesPeriod Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 v.逐渐消失;褪色
2.　　　　　　 n.小麦
3.　　　　　　 v.堆放,摞起
4.　　　　　　 v.吹过,掠过;卷走
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.bloom v.　　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.bleak adj. 　　　　　　　
3.orchard n. 　　　　　　　
4.cluster n. 　　　　　　　
5.tinge v. 　　　　　　　
6.wagon n. 　　　　　　　
7.reap v. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.charm n.魅力,魔力
　　　　　　 adj.令人着迷的;迷人的;吸引人的
2.gentle adj.轻柔的;温和的
　　　　　　 adv.轻柔地;温和地
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　 被看作
2.　　　　　　　　 与……形成对比;和……相对照
3.　　　　　　　　 被添加到……
4.　　　　　　　　 用……代替……;
把……替换为……
5.nothing but 　　　　　　　
6.fade from 　　　　　　　
7.be irrelevant to 　　　　　　　
1.fade v.逐渐消失;褪色
[佳句背诵]　Kicking a football with him slowly helped my doubts and worries fade.
和他一起踢球慢慢地帮助我消除了疑虑和担忧。
fade away　 逐渐消失;衰弱;病重死亡
fade from 从……消失
fade in/out (画面)淡入/淡出;(声音)渐强/渐弱
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
All colour had faded 　　　　　the sky.
Mr.Tan glared at the rest of the students.The chuckles quickly faded 　　　　　　.
Though 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,there are times when I remember his face clearly.
虽然现在它是我生命中一段褪色的记忆,但有时候我清楚地记得他的脸。
2.replace...with/by...用……代替……;把……替换为……
[佳句背诵]　The sense of loneliness was replaced by the responsibility of being an elder brother.
孤独感被作为哥哥的责任感所取代。
be replaced with/by　　 被……取代
replace sb as... 取代某人当……
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
John Smith has been replaced 　　　　　president of the university by Mary Peterson.
It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them 　　　　　　snacks.(建议信)
Nervousness and fear 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(情绪描写,全国Ⅱ卷)
紧张和恐惧被喜悦所取代。
Part 2　Grammar——非谓语动词作定语、状语和补足语
①The building being built is a new shopping mall.
②Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
③A 13-year study of early childhood development made by Harvard University has shown that,by the age of three,most children have the big potential to understand about 1,000 words.
④Painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the year 1503-1506,the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece.
⑤Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save their valuable time.
⑥The national park has a large collection of wildlife,ranging from butterflies to elephants.
⑦It’s wrong to leave the computer working.
⑧The old man found his hometown much changed.
⑨We hurriedly ended the meeting,leaving many problems to be settled.
一、不定式、动名词和分词作定语
1.通常不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作,与所修饰词在逻辑上存在主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系。
He’s always the first person of the team to put forward the solution to the problem.(主谓关系)
他总是团队里第一个提出问题解决方案的人。
There are many interesting things to see there.(动宾关系)
那里有许多有趣的东西可以看。
He has got a chance to go abroad.(同位关系)
他有一个出国的机会。
We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.
我们受邀参加下周五在我们俱乐部举办的聚会。
[名师点津]　
(1)不定式作定语时,若句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者,则用主动形式表被动意义;若句子的主语不是不定式动作的执行者,则用被动形式表被动意义。
He has a large family to support.
他有一大家人要养活。
Are you going to the conference to be held next week
你参加下周举行的会议吗
(2)不定式作定语,且与被修饰词有逻辑上的动宾关系时,不定式须用及物动词;如果不定式动词为不及物动词,则需要有必要的介词。
I need a pen to write with.
我需要一支钢笔写字。
What she needs most is a room to live in.
她最需要的是一间住房。
2.动名词作前置定语,用来说明该名词的性质和用途,可替换成for短语。
a swimming pool=a pool for swimming
building materials=materials for building
3.分词作定语
现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含义;现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。
The house standing on the north bank of the river was built in 1955.
河北岸的那所房子是1955年建的。
The play put on by the first-year students was very good.
一年级学生演的那出剧很好。
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
《健身》杂志最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢你的健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。
[名师点津]　若被修饰词与分词之间为动宾关系,且表示动作正在进行,要用现在分词的被动形式。
The man being questioned is the only witness to the accident.
正在接受询问的人是事故的唯一目击者。
二、不定式和分词作状语
1.不定式通常作目的、原因、结果状语等。不定式作目的状语也可以构成“so as to do”或“in order to do”结构。但so as to do不可置于句首。
Bob took down my telephone number so as not to/in order not to forget it.(目的状语)
鲍勃记下了我的电话号码以免忘记。
Jane hurried back,only to find that her mother had left.(结果状语)
简匆忙赶回来,却发现她的母亲已经离开了。
You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.(原因状语)
你永远不会知道昨天看到她时,我是多么高兴。
2.现在分词和过去分词在句中通常作原因、时间、伴随、条件、结果、让步状语等。主语与现在分词在逻辑上存在主谓关系,主语与过去分词在逻辑上存在动宾关系。
Separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many animals and plants not found in any other country in the world.(原因状语)
和其他大陆分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多在世界上任何别的国家都找不到的动植物。
Generally speaking,if taken according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.(条件状语)
一般来说,如果按照说明书服用,这种药没有副作用。
He glanced over at her,noting that though she was tiny,she seemed very well.(结果状语)
他不经意地看了一下她,注意到她虽然很纤弱,但看起来非常健康。
Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistake.(让步状语)
虽然被告诉过许多次了,但他仍然重复犯同样的错误。
The teacher came into the lab,followed by some students.(伴随状语)
老师进了实验室,后面跟着一些学生。
[名师点津]　现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果;而不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果,可以在不定式前加only。
三、不定式和分词作补足语
1.不定式作补足语表示动作的全过程;现在分词表示正在进行的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成的动作。
Father will not allow us to play in the street.
父亲不允许我们在街上玩耍。
He was happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.
他很高兴看到母亲在家里受到很好的照顾。
They had the fire burning all night.
他们让火整夜烧着。
I will have my bike repaired tomorrow.
明天我要让人修一下我的自行车。
Tom was caught sleeping in class.
汤姆被抓到在课堂上睡觉。
The work was found not quite completed.
人们发现这项工作并没有完全完成。
2.下面的动词要用不定式作宾语补足语:
·劝教命请叫(advise/suggest/recommend,teach,order,command,ask,tell);
·允许又警告(allow,permit,warn);
·使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect);
·知觉动词妙(feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice)。
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我和你们一样,每天都有24小时,但我做出了明确的选择,让我能充分利用每一天。
3.下面的动词(短语)后可跟分词作宾语补足语:see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listen to,look at,leave,catch等。
Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.(2022·全国乙卷)
有些早晨,罗莎蒙德和多萝茜来到校舍时,发现孩子们在寒冷中哭泣。
[名师点津]　感官动词后面出现了不定式作宾语补足语时,主动结构中必须省略不定式符号to;但在变为被动结构时(watch,notice除外),省略的to则必须加上。
She noted a change come over his face.
她注意到他的脸色变了。
Jim was seen to pass by the window.
吉姆被看见从窗前经过。
用所给动词的适当形式填空/完成句子
1.Shanghai may be the 　　　　　　(recognize) home of the soup dumpling.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
2.Nanxiang aside,the best xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them 　　　　　　　(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.No matter where I buy them,though,one steamer basket is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,and so I am always left 　　　　　　(want) more next time.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
4.Beijing is a city 　　　　　　(bridge) the ancient and the modern.(2023·全国乙卷)
5.　　　　　　　　(visit) several times over the last 10 years,I am amazed by the co-existence of old and new.(2023·全国乙卷)
6.For thousands of years,people have told fables (寓言) 　　　　　　　　(teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.(2023·全国甲卷)
7.The bird flew about 2 meters above the ground,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again.(2023·浙江1月卷)
鸟儿在离地面2米左右的高空飞行,左右转动着她的头,好像再次对我的救命之恩表示感谢。
8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I wandered alone along the path.(2023·浙江1月卷)
拜访完朋友后,我独自一人沿着小路漫步。
9.We can see 　　　　　　　　　　on the mountain top.
在山顶上,我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。
10.She was the first woman 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the Olympic Games.
她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
Period Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.fade　2.wheat　3.pile　4.sweep
Ⅱ.1.开花　2.阴冷的；阴郁的　3.果园　4.串，丛，簇
5.着淡色于……　6.四轮运货车　7.收割(庄稼)
Ⅲ.1.charming　2.gently
Ⅳ.1.be seen as　2.contrast with　3.be added to
4.replace...with...　5.只有；只不过　6.从……中逐渐消失
7.不切题，与……不相干
精析·核心要点
1.①from　②away
③it is one of the faded memories of my life today
2.①as　②with/by　③were replaced with/by joy
Part 2　Grammar——非谓语动词作定语、状语和补足语
跟踪·落实检查
1.recognized　2.to be lifted　3.wanting　4.bridging
5.Having visited　6.to teach　7.turning her head from side to side　8.Having finished visiting my friend　9.the rising sun　10.to win the gold medalPeriod Ⅳ　Developing ideas
Step Ⅰ　Read for the main idea
(Ⅰ)Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　 A.Features of Silent Spring.
Para.2 B.The author’s view about Silent Spring.
Para.3 C.The purpose of Silent Spring.
Para.4 D.Opposing voices of Silent Spring.
Para.5 E.An excerpt from Silent Spring.
Para.6 F.Effect brought by Silent Spring.
(Ⅱ)The main idea of the passage is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Step Ⅱ　Read between the lines
(Ⅰ)Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What caused silent spring according to the passage
A.The birds didn’t wake up so early.
B.The people killed the birds randomly.
C.The animals all died out because of human activity.
D.The birds died because of the harmful use of pesticides.
2.What does Rachel Carson think of the use of pesticides
A.The use of pesticides should be totally banned.
B.The use of pesticides does little harm to human.
C.Pesticides should be used in a more reasonable way.
D.Pesticides should be widely used in plants and animals.
3.How did Carson show people failed to solve the problems they faced
A.By giving examples.
B.By doing experiments herself.
C.By searching on the Internet.
D.By telling some fables.
4.What is the author’s attitude to Carson’s book
A.Critical. B.Indifferent.
C.Supportive. D.Unfavourable.
(Ⅱ)Read the passage carefully again and fill in the blanks.
Author:Rachel Carson
Year of publication:1.　　　　　
Purpose:Carson aimed to 2.　　　　　　 people to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems.She wished to see pesticides used in a more 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 way.
Features of the book:Carson wrote a lot of 4.　　　　　　 information,research and examples in the book,which contain Carson’s sources,showing how 5.　　　　　　 and 6.　　　　　　 she was as a scientist.
Influence of the book:It caused a great increase in 7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
The use of DDT 8.　　　　　　　　 and the EPA was established in the US.
It earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17-cent US stamp.
Opposing voices:They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments.Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.These were 9.　　　　　　　 damage Carson’s reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy.
Views of the author:She made a crucial but 10.　　　　　　　 difficult-to-understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people.
Step Ⅲ　Sentence-learning
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1.Though Carson’s research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work,the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry.
[句式分析]　该句是主从复合句,主句是the book quickly became a...industry;though 引导让步状语从句,从句中包含who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词most scientists。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Her book not only changed the world;half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today,so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message.
[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词a book;so that引导目的状语从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Step Ⅳ　Post-reading
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
Silent Spring written by Rachel Carson was published in 1962.Carson wrote the book 1.　　　　　　(aim) to alert people to the damaging effects of human activities 2.　　　　　　 natural ecosystems.And she wished to see pesticides 3.　　　　　　(use) in a more responsible,limited and carefully monitored way.The book contained a lot of scientific information,research,examples and so on,4.　　　　　　 showed how precise she was as a scientist.The arguments were strong and the language was 5.　　　　　　(elegance) and influential.However,the book was not received positively by everyone.It quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry,who said that Carson’s research was not precise.Carson appeared in public and on television 6.　　　　　　(defend) her claims.
Carson’s message was 7.　　　　　　　　(alarm) and its influence was immediate and far-reaching.The use of DDT 8.　　　　　　(ban) and the EPA was established in the US.The book was considered as 9.　　　　　　 milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world.Carson earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom after she passed away.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s 10.　　　　　　(aware) of protecting natural ecosystems.
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.　　　　　　 v.禁止,取缔
2.　　　　　　 v.颤抖,发抖
3.　　　　　　 v.提醒,使(某人)意识到
4.　　　　　　 number一打;许多
5.　　　　　　 n.推出,发起
6.　　　　　　 n.名誉,名望
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.backyard n.　　　　 　　　　　　　
2.moribund adj. 　　　　　　　
3.throb v. 　　　　　　　
4.chorus n. 　　　　　　　
5.robin n. 　　　　　　　
6.catbird n. 　　　　　　　
7.dove n. 　　　　　　　
8.jay n. 　　　　　　　
9.wren n. 　　　　　　　
10.marsh n. 　　　　　　　
11.fable n. 　　　　　　　
12.knowingly adv. 　　　　　　　
13.posthumous adj. 　　　　　　　
14.marine adj. 　　　　　　　
15.diamond n. 　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.thorough adj.仔细的;缜密的
　　　　　　 adv.彻底地;完全地;仔细地; 谨慎地
2.precise adj.精确的;一丝不苟的
　　　　　　 adv.精确地;一丝不苟地
3.elegant adj.优美的;简洁的
　　　　　　 n.优美;简洁
　　　　　　 adv.优美地
4.passion n.强烈情感,激情
　　　　　　 adj.具有强烈信念的
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.　　　　　　　　使意识到,使认识到
2.　　　　　　　　尤其,特别
3.　　　　　　　　对……造成危害
4.　　　　　　　　以……方式
5.urge sb to do sth 　　　　　　　
6.be designed to do sth 　　　　　　　
7.the/a target for 　　　　　　　
8.stand by 　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式:形容词短语作状语
[原句]　Many people spoke of them,puzzled and disturbed.
许多人谈论着,茫然困惑,惴惴不安。
仿写:这名妇女带着她的孩子设法从大火中逃了出来,极度惊恐和疲惫。
The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby,　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.句型公式:现在分词短语作结果状语
[原句]　Carson’s message was very alarming,causing a great increase in environmental awareness.
卡森所述的事实让人们十分担忧,大大提升了人们保护环境的意识。
仿写:我相信这段经历也会对你有益,使你的交换生生活更加丰富多彩和有意义。
I believe the experience will also be beneficial to you,　　　　　　　　　　.
3.句型公式:though/as引导的让步状语从句的倒装
[原句]　This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments,strong though they are,but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.
这并不都是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力,而是因为她美丽和高雅的文笔让读者喜欢。
仿写:虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
1.ban v.(banned,banned)禁止,取缔 n.禁令
[佳句背诵]　To create cleaner surroundings,everyone is banned from littering everywhere.(环境保护)
为了创建更干净的环境,禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。
(1)ban doing sth　　　　　 禁止做某事
ban sb from(doing)sth 禁止某人(做)某事
(2)a ban on 对……的禁令
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
The Chinese government has decided to ban 　　　　　　(smoke) in public places across the country.
In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor,she was banned 　　　　　　medicine.(2023·全国乙卷)
Many laws have come into effect such as　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(动物保护)
许多法律已经生效,比如非法狩猎的禁令。
2.alert v.提醒,使(某人)意识到 adj.警觉的;警惕的;意识到;注意到 n.警戒;警报
[佳句背诵]　Alerted by the chorus downstairs,he woke up and turned on the light.(动作描写)
楼下的合唱声惊动了他,他醒了,打开了灯。
alert sb to sth　　 使某人意识到/注意到某事
be alert to 意识到;注意到
on (the) alert for 对……保持警惕
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I must alert him 　　　　　　the need to enhance the quality of life.
The public were warned to be on the alert 　　　　　　suspicious packages.
A poster campaign was held 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(通知)
举行一次海报宣传运动的目的是提醒人们注意这种疾病。
3.reputation n.名誉,名望
[佳句背诵]　During her film career,she acquired a reputation as a strong-willed,outspoken woman.(人物介绍)
在她的电影生涯中,她获得了一个意志坚强、直言不讳的名声。
have a reputation for... 因为……而著名,以……而出名
have a reputation of doing sth 有做某事的声望
enjoy/earn/acquire a(n)...reputation (as...) (作为……)享有/赢得/获得……的声望
live up to one’s reputation 不负盛名
ruin one’s reputation 败坏某人的名誉
[活学巧用]　完成句子
She devoted herself entirely to her research and it 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
in her field.(人物介绍)
她全身心地投入到她的研究中,这为她在她的领域赢得了良好的声誉。
Located in the middle of the Yangtze River,the Three Gorges Dam 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(景点介绍)
位于长江中游的三峡大坝以其令人惊叹的风景而闻名。
4.cause harm to对……造成危害
[佳句背诵]　Nervousness not only causes harm to students’ health but also disturbs our studies.(建议信)
紧张不仅会对学生的健康造成危害,也会影响我们的学习。
(1)harm v.& n.　 伤害,损害
do harm to 损害,伤害
There is no harm in doing sth 做某事无害处;不妨做某事
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有伤害,损害
(3)harmless adj. 无害的;无恶意的
be harmless to 对……无害
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
There is no harm in 　　　　　　(say) sorry to your friend first if you two have quarreled.(建议信)
有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度,这对他们的健康非常有害。(倡议书)
→Some boys are addicted to playing games,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (定语从句;harmful)
→Some boys are addicted to playing games,　　　　　　　　　　　　. (分词短语作状语;harm)
5.urge sb to do sth敦促某人做某事
[佳句背诵]　I will never forget the way they looked at me when they were given food.I am anxious to urge the world to do everything possible to help those in need.(主旨升华)
我永远不会忘记他们被给予食物时看我的样子。我希望敦促全世界尽一切可能帮助那些需要帮助的人。
(1)urge v.　　　　 催促;力劝;大力推荐
n. 强烈的欲望;冲动
urge that sb (should) do sth 极力主张某人做某事
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
have/feel an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urgency n. 紧急,紧急的事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的
It is urgent that...(should) do... 做……很紧急
(4)urgently adv. 紧急地
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
He has a strong urge 　　　　　　(take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.
　　　　　　(urge) to join sports teams,the boy took advantage of the chance and became a player.
The teacher urged that the students　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(学校生活)
老师敦促学生们学习如何在紧急情况下采取紧急行动。
6.be designed to do sth被设计用于做某事;目的是
[佳句背诵]　There are colorful after-class activities in our school that/which are designed to broaden our horizons.(学校生活)
我们学校有丰富多彩的课外活动,旨在扩大我们视野。
be designed/intended for　 被设计用于;旨在
by design 有意地;故意地
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
She arrived just as we were leaving,but I’m not sure whether this was by accident or 　　　　　　design.
The remarkable development of this city,which is consciously designed 　　　　　　(protect) the past while stepping into the modern world,means there is always something new to discover here.(2023·全国乙卷)
“Talk and Talk” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　who are eager to acquire more knowledge about English.(邀请信,2022·新高卷Ⅰ卷)
“Talk and Talk”是为渴望获得更多英语知识的学生设计的。
7.be determined to do sth下定决心做某事
[佳句背诵]　Deeply impressed by her innocence,I was determined to help the family out of trouble.
我对她的天真印象深刻,于是我决心帮助这个家庭摆脱困境。
(1)determined adj.　　 有决心的;意志坚定的
be determined that... 决定……;下定决心……
(2)determine v. 决定,确定
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
determine to do sth 下定决心做某事
determine that... 决定……;下定决心……
(3)determination n. 决心;坚定
with determination 坚定地
[活学巧用]　完成语段
Inspired by my words,David 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a strong-willed person. 　　　　　　　　　　　,he ran to the starting line.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
I was touched by his inner courage.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
受到我的话的启发,大卫决心成为一个意志坚强的人。他非常坚定地跑到了起跑线上。看着他那坚定的表情,我被他内心的勇气感动了。
.This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments,strong though they are,but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.
这并不都是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力,而是因为她美丽和高雅的文笔让读者喜欢。
句型公式|as/though引导的让步状语从句的倒装
句中strong though they are采用了部分倒装结构。
(1)名词(形容词)+as/though+主语+系动词:把系表结构中的“表语”(而非be动词),提到从属连词as/though之前(而非主语之前)。
(2)副词+as/though+主语+动词:把修饰谓语动词的某个“副词”,提到从属连词as/though之前。
(3)动词原形+as/though+主语+助动词/情态动词:跟真正倒装句(部分倒装)的要求恰恰相反,把实义动词提到连词之前,而情态动词放在之后。
(4)分词短语+as/though+主语+be动词:把进行时或被动语态情况下的分词短语,提到从属连词as/though 之前。
[佳句背诵]　
Cold as the rain was,great warmth filled his heart like never before.(心理描写)
虽然雨水很凉,但他心里却充满了前所未有的温暖。
Try as he may,he never succeeds.(人物介绍)
尽管他很努力,但总是不成功。
Much as I admire his courage,I don’t think he acted wisely.
我虽然佩服他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的。
[活学巧用]　完成句子/句式升级
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he never gave up going home.
尽管下着大雨,他从未放弃回家。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, he cannot know everything.
他虽然是一个老师,但是并非什么都懂。
Although she was tired and exhausted,she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,she managed to make
a flag with her yellow blouse.(倒装句)
[名师点津]　倒装时的注意事项:
(1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。
(2)句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Period Ⅳ　Developing ideas
研读·教材原文
Step Ⅰ　(Ⅰ)Para.1 E　Para.2 C　Para.3 A　Para.4 F
Para.5 D　Para.6 B
(Ⅱ)a book review on Silent Spring
Step Ⅱ　(Ⅰ)1.D　2.C　3.A　4.C
(Ⅱ)1.1962　2.alert　3.responsible，limited and carefully monitored　4.scientific　5.thorough　6.precise
7.environmental awareness　8.was banned　9.attempts to
10.potentially
Step Ⅲ
1.虽然卡森的研究很有说服力，而且得到多数审阅过这本著作的科学家的支持，但是这本书很快成了杀虫剂行业批判的对象。
2.她的书不仅在当时改变了世界，就是在半个世纪后的今天，它仍然值得人们重新阅读，以感受她充满感情的文字带给我们如火焰般的温暖。
Step Ⅳ　1.aiming　2.on　3.used　4.which　5.elegant
6.to defend　7.alarming　8.was banned　9.a　10.awareness
夯实·语言基础
Ⅰ.1.ban　2.tremble　3.alert　4.dozen　5.launch
6.reputation
Ⅱ.1.后院　2.垂死的，奄奄一息的　3.生机勃勃；热闹　4.合唱曲　5.知更鸟　
6.猫鹊　7.鸽子　8.松鸦　9.鹪鹩(一种褐色小鸟)　10.沼泽，湿地　11.寓言　12.故意地 13.死后获得的　14.海洋的　15.钻石
Ⅲ.1.thoroughly　2.precisely　3.elegance；elegantly
4.passionate
Ⅳ.1.alert...to　2.in particular　3.cause harm to　4.in a(n)...way　5.敦促某人做某事　6.被设计用于做某事；目的是　7.……的目标　8.坚持；支持
Ⅴ.1.extremely terrified and exhausted　2.making your life as an exchange student more colourful and rewarding　3.Splendid though/as the view of the Earth is
精析·核心要点
重要词汇
1.①smoking　②from　③a ban on illegal hunt
2.①to　②for　③to alert people to the disease
3.①earned her a good reputation
②has a reputation for the amazing scenery
4.①saying　②which is very harmful to their health；causing great harm to their health
5.①to take　②Urged　③(should) be taught how to take urgent action in time of urgency
6.①by　②to protect　③is designed for students
7.was determined to be；With great determination；Looking at his determined face
经典句式
①Hard though/as it was raining　②Teacher though/as he is
③Tired and exhausted as/though she wasPeriod Ⅴ　Writing——英文诗歌
文体解读
诗歌是一种重要的文学体裁,是一种源远流长的艺术形式,有自己的写作手法与传统。它运用精练的、富有节奏和韵律的语言,以强烈的感情和丰富的想象,高度集中地反映社会生活。按有无格律进行分类,英文诗歌有格律诗与自由诗;按内容也可分为叙事诗、抒情诗、戏剧诗等。写诗歌要注意下面几点:
1.明确所要表达的诗歌主题;
2.注意押韵、明喻、暗喻等手法的运用。
结合你所学的诗歌知识,写一首80词左右的主题为“Watching the Rain”的英文诗歌。
注意:诗歌类型不限。
第一步　审题谋篇
第二步　要点翻译
1.雨,愉快的,砰砰的,淋湿的雨,我多么喜欢听你的歌!
Rain,glorious,pounding,soaking rain,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　!
2.在你的倾盆大雨中淹没我的世界,我坐在这里,凝视着你在我窗台上疯狂的舞步,迷失在你优美的动作中。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　in your torrential downpour,I sit here and stare at your frenzy dance moves upon my window panes.
And I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.当黎明在地平线上等待时,你在黑夜中翩翩起舞。
The dawn 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
You dance through the night.
4.你挥舞着最后的舞步,太阳透过云层窥视着,“走开”,它嚷道,“因为现在是我用光明洗涤世界的时候了。”
You walk your last moves and the sun peeks through the clouds,
“Move on,” it cries,
“For 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.”
5.你的最后一滴水告别整个世界,“再见。”
And your last drops 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
“Goodbye.”
第三步　词句升级
1.用动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式升级要点2
　　　　　　　　　　　　 in your torrential downpour,I sit here and stare at your frenzy dance moves upon my window panes.
　　　　　　 I am in your graceful movements.
2.用as引导时间状语从句升级要点3
You dance through the night 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第四步　连句成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
写一首80词左右的关于自然的诗歌。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Period Ⅴ　Writing——英文诗歌
示例·分步写作
第二步　要点翻译
1.How I love to hear your song　2.drown my world；am lost in your graceful movements　3.awaits in the horizon
4.it is my time to wash the world with light　5.bid the world
第三步　词句升级
1.Drowning my world；Lost　2.as the dawn awaits in the horizon
第四步　连句成篇
Watching the Rain
Rain，glorious，pounding，soaking rain，
How I love to hear your song!
Drowning my world in your torrential downpour，
I sit here and stare at your frenzy dance moves upon my window panes.
Lost I am in your graceful movements.
You dance through the night as the dawn awaits in the horizon.
You walk your last moves and the sun peeks through the clouds，
“Move on，” it cries，
“For it is my time to wash the world with light.”
And your last drops bid the world，
“Goodbye.”
跟踪·落实检查
【参考范文】
The Peace of Wild Things大自然的安宁
When despair grows in me，
当我内心变得绝望，
and I wake in the middle of the night at the least sound，
我在寂静的午夜醒来，
in fear of what my life and my children’s lives may be，
担忧我和我孩子们的生活，
I go and lie down，
我走出家门，在林中躺下，
where the wood drake rests in his beauty on the water，
美丽的野鸭在湖中安憩，
and the great heron feeds.
巨大的鹭鸶在觅食。
I come into the peace of wild things，
我融入大自然的安宁，
who do not tax their lives with forethought of grief.
这里的生命不会担忧它们的生活。
I come into the presence of still water.
我面对宁静的湖面。
And I feel above me the day-blind stars，
我感到白昼般耀眼的星星，
waiting for their light.
正在等待着它们的光明。
For a time I rest in the grace of the world，
这时，我安息于世界的恩典之中，
and am free.
我自由了。单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.默写词块
一、教材词块默写
1.　　　　　　　　 在酷热的天气里汗流不止
2.　　　　　　　　 欣赏到这银装素裹的世界
3.　　　　　　　　 从窗子里透过来
4.　　　　　　　　 坐下来吃早饭
5.　　　　　　　　 光照绚烂夺目
6.　　　　　　　　 给雪地增添了柔和的粉红色
7.　　　　　　　　 一群骑兵
8.　　　　　　　　 大片柔软的雪花
9.　　　　　　　　 在灰蒙蒙的空气中依稀可见
10.　　　　　　　　 将我的鼻子抵在冰凉的窗户上
11.　　　　　　　　 大大提升了保护环境的意识
12.　　　　　　　　 被视作里程碑
13.　　　　　　　　 成为批评者批判的对象
14.　　　　　　　　 破坏卡森的名声
15.　　　　　　　　 值得重新阅读
二、讲解词块默写
1.　　　　　　　　 坚持要送我们一些好吃的苹果
2.　　　　　　　　 冒着被罚款的危险
3.　　　　　　　　 遇到不熟悉的单词
4.　　　　　　　　 想出答案
5.　　　　　　　　 从天空中消失
6.　　　　　　　　 被喜悦所取代
7.　　　　　　　　 禁止扔垃圾
8.　　　　　　　　 禁止在公共场所吸烟
9.　　　　　　　　 提醒人们注意这种疾病
10.　　　　　　　　 被楼下的合唱声惊醒了
11.　　　　　　　　 以其令人惊叹的风景而闻名
12.　　　　　　　　 对学生的健康造成危害
13.　　　　　　　　 被敦促加入运动队
14.　　　　　　　　 旨在扩大我们的视野
15.　　　　　　　　 决心帮助这个家庭摆脱困境
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, Jane was so angry that she said to Tom,“I’m going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away.
当他们到达湖泊时,简非常生气,她对汤姆说:“我要找一个更好的地方扎营。”然后走开了。
2.Nervous and frightened,I felt 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
既紧张又害怕,我感觉如坐针毡。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I lay back on the seat,breathed in and out to steady my nerves for a while.
我累了,浑身是汗,躺在座位上,吸气,呼气,让自己的神经稳定一会儿。
4.By working out regularly,we’ll keep refreshed,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
通过定期锻炼,我们会保持精神抖擞,从而提高我们的学习效率。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,they thought it worthwhile.
尽管所有的学生都觉得很累,但他们认为这是值得的。
Ⅲ.语法填空——核心考点语境串记
Known as an 1.　　　　　　(inspect),Mike insisted that he 2.　　　　　　(make) a weekly examination on the production procedure of the factory carefully.One morning,he got up,washed,shaved and then he went out to work.Suddenly,there was something on the ground so he 3.　　　　　　 (bend)down and found some 4.　　　　 (feather) of goose.In the distance,he heard the rhyme being sung from the church.What a prospect!He sighed and continued his way to his company.There he saw some cleaners 5.　　　　　　 (sweep) the ground 6.　　　　　　(thorough) and several workers were busy unloading some piles of wheat from the wagon.He was 7.　　　　 (puzzle);therefore,he questioned them what they were doing in a gentle voice.The workers answered in a 8.　　　　　　(tremble) voice that they did nothing wrong.However,Mike was alert 9.　　　　　　 that and he found dozens 10.　　　　 faults in what they had said.He thought it his duty to protect the reputation of the company and avoid any mistakes that would happen.
单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.一、1.sweat in a hot climate　2.see the ground so fantastically carpeted　3.come through the windows　4.sit down to breakfast　5.shine bravely　6.flush the snow with delicate pinks　7.a body of horsemen　8.in great soft flakes　9.be seen through the grey loaded air　10.flatten my nose against the cold window　11.cause a great increase in environmental awareness　12.be regarded as a milestone　13.become a target for critics　14.damage Carson’s reputation　15.deserve to be reread
二、1.insist on sending us some tasty apples　2.at the risk of being fined　3.come across unfamiliar words　4.come up with answers　5.fade from the sky　6.be replaced with/by joy　7.be banned from littering　8.ban smoking in public places　9.alert people to the disease　10.be alerted by the chorus downstairs　11.have a reputation for the amazing scenery　12.cause harm to students’ health　13.be urged to join sports teams　14.be designed to broaden our horizons　15.be determined to help the family out of trouble
Ⅱ.1.By the time they reached the lake
2.as if I were sitting on pins and needles
3.Tired out and all sweaty
4.thus improving our study efficiency
5.Tired as/though all the students felt
Ⅲ.1.inspector　2.(should) make　3.bent　4.feathers
5.sweeping　6.thoroughly　7.puzzled　8.trembling　9.to 10.of

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