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2024-2025学年九年级英语被动语态详解
概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子中主语和谓语动词的具体关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示句子的主语是动作的执行者，即“主语做某事”；被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即“主语被……”。因此，当我们表示“主语被……”时，要用被动语态。
二、结构
被动语态由“助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词” 构成。
(助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时一样。)
例： I am invited to go to the party by my friend.
The bulb was invented in 1879.
The movie will be shown next year.
三、句型变化
肯定句 English is widely used around the world.
否定句 English isn’t widely used around the world.
一般疑问句 Is English widely used around the world
肯定回答Yes, it is. 否定回答No, it isn’t.
特殊疑问句 Why is English widely used around the world
四、各种时态的被动语态
时态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 am／is／are + done This language is spoken by few people in the world now.
一般过去时 was／were +done My 6-year-old brother was encouraged to go to school on his own.
一般将来时 will be+done／ be going to be +done A new park will be built next year.
现在完成时 have/has +been+done Journey to the West has been translated into several languages so far.
现在进行时 am/is/are+being+done I have to go to work by taxi because my car is being repaired at the garage.
过去进行时 was/were+being+done The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they were being trapped in the snowstorm.
含情态动词被动语态 情态动词 (must／can／could／may…) + be + done We should be allowed to make our own decisions.
五、主动语态改被动语态的方法：
①把原句中的宾语改成主语
②动词改为变动形式be done(注意be的数和时态)
③把原句的主语变为宾语，并由by引出，指明做事的人或物（注意：by 后人称代词用宾格）
Jack cleans the room every day.（主动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
The room is cleaned by Jack every day.（被动语态）
主语 谓语 by的宾语
限时练习：
( )1. The museum _____ next month to celebrate the Science and Technology Festival.
is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated
( )2. –Have you read the book Jane Eyre
-Yes. It’s a famous book and really worth ______.
A. to read B. reading C. to be read D. read
( )3. –Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month.
-Can you tell me what they are
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
( )4. –Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
-I’m not sure. Because I ____ so far.
A. haven’t invited B. wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D. will be in invited
( )5. –Your classroom is so clean.
-Of course. It _____ every day.
is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned
注意：
一．在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, 等变为被动结构时，要加to
e.g The boss made him work 10 hours a day. (改为被动语态)
→ He was made to work 10 hours a day by the boss.
二．带双宾语的动词变被动语态
带双宾语的动词，如give, send, buy, leave, lend, offer, pay, teach, tell, make, pass, sell, show, borrow等，变被动语态时，一般将间接宾语(指人) 变为被动语态的主语，把直接宾语(指物)保留下来，也可把直接宾语(指物)变为被动语态的主语，把间接宾语留在后面，但要在间接宾语前加介词to 或for，到底用to还是for，与前面所搭配的动词有关。
e.g Jack gave her some money.（主动语态）
She was given some money by Jack.（被动语态）
Some money was given to her by Jack.（被动语态）
三．主动形式表被动意义的结构
(在need，want，require, 和 be worth等词的后面跟动名词形式，用主动形式表示被动。)
1.need doing sth. = need to be done. 某事需要被做。
My bike needs mending. =My bike needs to be mended. 我的自行车需要被修。
2....be worth doing . ...值得被做。
There are so many places of interest in our country that are worth visiting.
我们国家有许多名胜古迹值得一游。
四．无被动语态结构
1.系动词没有被动语态。如get, turn, seem, feel, sound, taste, look, feel等
不及物动词无被动语态（write, read, sell等词作不及物动词时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。)
表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义
【综合题练】
1.— Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day
— Of course. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world nowadays.
A．spoke B．is spoken C．speaks D．was spoken
2.Modern technologies ________ in the 19 Asian Games in September, 2023.
A．were used B．are using C．will be used
3.Many trees and flowers ________ every year to make our environment more beautiful.
A．plant B．are planted C．were planted
4.While everyone ________ the comics page, I picked up a copy to see what was so funny.
A．is laughing at B．laughed at C．laughs at D．was laughing at
5. –Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month.
-Can you tell me what they are
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
6.. –Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday
-I’m not sure. Because I ____ so far.
A. haven’t invited B. wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D. will be in invited
7. –Your classroom is so clean.
-Of course. It _____ every day.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. cleaned
8..To make the environment much better, more trees ________ next year.
A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．will be planted
9.A great number of beautiful flowers ________ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A．plant B．are planted C．are planting
10.The 18th China International Alcoholic Drinks Expo (CIADE) ________ in Luzhou from April 13th to April 16th, 2023.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held D．has been held
11. How ______ the great hall ______ without any modern machines last year
A. is; built B. would; be built C. have; been built D. was; built
12. The girl was unhappy because she ______ by some boys in the class.
A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at
13. We ______ that the English test ______ next Monday.
A. are told; gives B. tell; will give C. are told; will be given D. told; is going to be given
14. Look! A big modern building ______ in our city.
A. is built B. was being build C. is being built D. has built
15. At last the boy was made_____ and began to laugh.
A．stop crying B．to stop to cry C．to stop crying D．stop to cry.
16. You have to stay at home if your homework________ before five o'clock.
A. isn't finished B. will finish C. finished D. wasn't finished
17. Its reported that Notre Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院）_____in April 2019．
A. was burnt B. is burnt C. be burnt D. burnt

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