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定语从句之关系代词用法详解
定语从句的概念：
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词
关系代词that，which，who(宾格为whom，所有格为whose)
关系副词where，when，why等
（关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。）
提示： 关系词在定语从句中有三大作用
1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。
I gave her all the money that I had. 我把我所有的钱都给了她。
（that 连接先特词 money和定语从句I had）
2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。
The man who lives nest door is a famous teacher.住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。
（who 替代the man）
3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
I like picrures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style.
我喜欢传统的中国画。（which在定语从句中作主语）
关系代词：
that既可指人可指物，在句中作主语，不能省，作宾语，可以省略
eg：He is a man that/who often helps others. (作主语)
The letter that//which I received was from my father.（作宾语）
which指物，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
e.g This is the book which/that you want.（作宾语）
The building which//that stands near the river is our school.（作主语）
who指人，在句中作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。
e.g This is the man who helped me.（作主语）
The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.（作宾语）
whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可以省略。
e.g The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.（作宾语）
whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语。表示所属关系。
e.g Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. （作定语）
Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.（作定语）
注意：
that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 但是下列情况只能用that.
1. 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：
All that we have to do is to practice English. 我们要做的事情就是去练习英语。
2. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如：
The first letter that I got from him will be kept. 我收到他的第一封信将会被保存起来。
3. 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如：
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. 我把你给我的所有事物都吃光了。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如：
He is the only person that I want to talk with. 他是我唯一想与之交谈的人。
5. 先行词既有人又有物时，如:
They talked about persons and things that they met. 他们谈论了他们见到的人和事。
限时练习：
1.The book________ I read last night was fantastic.
that B.what C.whose D.who
2.Mr.Brown is a teacher _______ is strict with all his students.
which B.who C.where D.whom
3.--Hey,Anna.Would you like to see The White Storm with me
--You mean, the new policy story_____was filmed by Chen Musheng
who B.what C.whose D.which
4.I don’t like people_______ talk much but do little.
who B.which C.when D.where
5.True friends are those_____ always take care of you and encourage you to succeed.
which B.what B.whom D.who
先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。
1.关系代词放在介词之后。
eg: This is the factory in which we once worked.
2.that, those作主语时。
eg: Those which are on the desk are English books.
综合练习
1--What do you think of this movie
-- This is the best movie________I’ve ever seen.
that B.who C.what D.which
2--Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth,《流浪地球》？
--Yes.It’s the best one _______ I have ever seen
that B.which C. what D.it
3--Have you got ready for the soccer game
--Yes,I’ve done everything______ I can to win the game.
who B.that c. which
4.Most students like the teachers _______ understand them well.
which B.who C.where D.when
5.It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________has new furniture.
who B.where C.that D.what
6.I like smart clothes________are made of silk.
who B.which C.what
7.We all miss Wu Mengchao_________saved thousands of lives in his medical work.
which B.what C.who
8.--Do you know the woman_______wears a blue skirt
--Oh,she’s my aunt.
which B.who D.what
9.--Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV
--Sure. It’s a great TV programme______brings the habit of reading back into the public.
who B.that C.what
10. That is the day ______ I’ll never forget.
which B.on which C. in which D.when
11. The factory ______ we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here.
A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
12.Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the country
A.who B.who’s C.which D.whose
13. I will never forget the day _____ I spent with your family.
that B.who C.whose D.whom
14.—Why don't you like fishing？
—Fishing is a hobby ____ needs much patience，but I'm not patient at all.
A．who　　 　 B．that　　 　 C．it　　　 　 D．what
15．The woman ____ is the most important in my life is my mother.
A．why B．who C．whom D．what

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