资源简介 (共31张PPT)中考英语语法精讲精练系列倒装句倒装句的概念倒装句就是主语谓语位置是颠倒的句子.一般句子,主语在谓语前;倒装句,谓语在主语前.基本语序主语 + 谓语He knew no one in Australia.倒装语序部分倒装完全倒装谓语 + 主语助动词/情态动词+主语+V部分倒装1)never, often, seldom, little, nowhere, not, hardly 等词位于句首时Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.解析: 在正常语序中句子为“I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.”。当“never”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,即把助动词“have”提前到主语“I”的前面。这个句子表达“我从未见过如此美丽的日落”。Seldom does he go to the movies.解析: 正常语序是“He seldom goes to the movies.”。“seldom”位于句首时,句子部分倒装,把助动词“does”提前,主语“he”紧跟其后,原句中的动词“goes”变为原形“go”。这个句子的意思是“他很少去看电影”。1)never, often, seldom, little, nowhere, not, hardly 等词位于句首时Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.解析: 正常语序是“I had hardly arrived home when it began to rain.”。“hardly”位于句首时,部分倒装,将助动词“had”提前到主语“I”之前。这个句子表示“我刚到家就开始下雨了”。2)Only + 状语,位于句首Only when the war was over could he go back to his hometown.解析: 正常语序为“He could go back to his hometown only when the war was over.”。当“Only when the war was over(时间状语从句)”位于句首时,句子部分倒装,将情态动词“could”提前到主语“he”之前。此句的意思是“只有当战争结束时,他才能回到他的家乡”。Only in this way can we solve the problem.解析: 正常语序是“We can solve the problem only in this way.”。这里“Only in this way(介词短语作状语)”位于句首,部分倒装把情态动词“can”提前到主语“we”之前。句子的含义是“只有通过这种方式我们才能解决这个问题”。Only recently have I realized the importance of health.解析: 正常语序为“I have realized the importance of health only recently.”。“Only recently(副词作状语)”位于句首时,部分倒装,把助动词“have”提前到主语“I”之前。这个句子表示“直到最近我才意识到健康的重要性”。3) No sooner…than…Hardly …when…Scarcely …when… 位于句首No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.解析: 在正常语序中句子为“I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang.”。当“No sooner”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,即将助动词“had”提前到主语“I”之前。这个句子表示“我刚躺下电话就响了”。Hardly had she finished her speech when the audience started to applaud.解析: 正常语序为“She had hardly finished her speech when the audience started to applaud.”。“Hardly”位于句首时,句子部分倒装,把助动词“had”提前到主语“she”之前。此句的意思是“她刚完成演讲观众就开始鼓掌了”Scarcely had he entered the room when he noticed something strange.解析: 正常语序为“He had scarcely entered the room when he noticed something strange.”。“Scarcely”位于句首时,部分倒装,将助动词“had”提前到主语“he”之前。这个句子的意思是“他刚进入房间就注意到一些奇怪的东西”。4) not…until…so …that…位于句首Not until the rain stopped did he leave the house.解析: 正常语序为“He didn't leave the house until the rain stopped.”。当“not…until…”结构中的“not until”部分位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。这里把助动词“did”提前到主语“he”之前,动词“leave”使用原形。此句的意思是“直到雨停了他才离开房子”。So fast did he run that he won the race easily. 解析: 正常语序为“He ran so fast that he won the race easily.”。当“so fast”位于句首时,句子部分倒装,把助动词“did”提前到主语“he”之前,动词“run”变为原形。此句的意思是“他跑得如此之快,以至于轻松赢得了比赛”。5) Not only…but also…连接两个句子时Not only does he like reading, but also he is good at writing.解析: 正常语序为“He likes reading and he is good at writing.”。当使用“Not only…but also…”连接这两个句子并且“Not only”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。在这个例子中,“he likes reading”这部分进行部分倒装,把助动词“does”提前到主语“he”之前,动词“like”变为原形。此句表示“他不仅喜欢阅读,而且擅长写作”。Not only can she sing, but also she can dance.解析: 原本的句子可以是“She can sing and she can dance.”。由于“Not only”位于句首,“she can sing”这部分进行部分倒装,把情态动词“can”提前到主语“she”之前。这个句子的意思是“她不仅会唱歌,而且会跳舞”。6) soneither/nor引起的句子表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人He likes football, so do I.解析: 这里前面说“He likes football”,表示“他喜欢足球”。当要表达“我也喜欢(足球)”这种前面情况适用于自己(另一个人)的情况时,使用“so do I”这种部分倒装结构。其中“do”是助动词,代替前面句子中的“like”这个动作,“I”是主语。She doesn't like coffee, neither/nor do I.解析: 前面句子“She doesn't like coffee”表示“她不喜欢咖啡”,当要表达自己(另一个人)也不喜欢咖啡这种情况时,使用“neither/nor do I”这种部分倒装结构。其中“do”是助动词,代替前面句子中的“like”这个动作,“I”是主语。7) prep. + no + n. 位于句首At no time should you give up hope.解析: 正常语序为“You should never give up hope.”,这里“at no time”(表示“在任何时候都不”,相当于“never”)位于句首,句子要部分倒装,把情态动词“should”提前到主语“you”之前。此句的意思是“你任何时候都不应该放弃希望”。完全倒装Here comes the bus.解析: 正常语序是“The bus comes here.”。当“Here”位于句首时,句子使用完全倒装,把谓语动词“comes”提前到主语“the bus”之前。此句表示“公共汽车来了”。Here, there, then, now, 或 out, in, up, down, away, off等副词开头的句子There stands a tall building.解析: 正常语序是“A tall building stands there.”。“There”位于句首时,句子完全倒装,将谓语动词“stands”提前到主语“a tall building”之前,这个句子的意思是“那里矗立着一座高楼”。Then came the moment we had been waiting for.解析: 正常语序是“The moment we had been waiting for came then.”。“Then”位于句首时,句子完全倒装,把谓语动词“came”提前到主语“the moment we had been waiting for”之前,此句表示“我们一直等待的时刻到了”。Here you are.解析: 正常语序就是“Here you are”,这里“you”是人称代词,当“Here”位于句首时,语序不需要改变。这是一个常见的表达,意思是“给你”。There he stands.解析: 正常语序就是“There he stands”,“he”是人称代词,虽然“There”位于句首,但语序不变。此句表示“他站在那里”。主语是人称代词,语序不变What should I do next ” asked the student.解析: 正常语序是The student asked, “What should I do next ”。这里直接引语“What should I do next ”的全部放在句首,句子使用了完全倒装,把谓语动词“asked”放到了主语“the student”的前面。“I will never give up,” said Tom.解析: 正常语序是Tom said, “I will never give up.”。由于直接引语“I will never give up”放在句首,句子采用完全倒装,将谓语动词“said”置于主语“Tom”之前。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,有时用倒装。Among the trees stands a small house.解析: 正常语序是A small house stands among the trees. 这里“Among the trees”是介词短语作表语,“stands”是系动词,“a small house”是主语。当表语(介词短语)“Among the trees”位于句首时,句子采用完全倒装结构,将系动词“stands”放在主语“a small house”之前。表语(介词短语)+ 系动词 + 主语强调表语时使用Young as he is, he is very knowledgeable.解析: 正常语序是He is young as he is very knowledgeable. 在“As”引导的让步状语从句中,当表语“young”提前时,句子要进行部分倒装。这里把表语提前强调“尽管他年轻”这一情况,而后面的主句“he is very knowledgeable”保持正常语序。*As 引导的让步状语从句1.n./adj. + as + S + v.2.adv. + as + S + v.3.v. + as + S + 情态动词/助动词Child as he is, he can help his parents a lot.解析: 正常语序是He is a child, but he can help his parents a lot. 这里“Child”作为名词提前,“as”引导让步状语从句,主语是“he”,动词是“is”,这种倒装结构表示“尽管他是个孩子”。Hard as he tried, he couldn't pass the exam.解析: 正常语序是He tried hard, but he couldn't pass the exam. “Hard”作为副词提前,“as”引导让步状语从句,主语是“he”,动词是“tried”,表示“尽管他很努力地尝试”。Try as he may, he will never succeed.解析: 正常语序是He may try, but he will never succeed. 这里“Try”作为动词提前,“as”引导让步状语从句,主语是“he”,情态动词是“may”,表示“尽管他可能尝试”。In the classroom stands a teacher.解析: 正常语序是A teacher stands in the classroom. 这里“In the classroom”是介词短语作状语,“stands”是动词,“a teacher”是主语。当介词短语作状语位于句首时,句子采用完全倒装结构,将动词“stands”放在主语“a teacher”之前。On the wall hangs a beautiful picture.解析: 正常语序是A beautiful picture hangs on the wall. “On the wall”是介词短语作状语,“hangs”是动词,“a beautiful picture”是主语。此句中由于状语前置,句子进行完全倒装,将动词“hangs”置于主语之前。状语(介词短语)+ v. + S.小试牛刀-I don't like reading newspapers.-_________.A. So do IB. Neither do IC. So I doD. Neither I do答案:B解析:前一句是否定句“我不喜欢读报纸”,表示“我也不”要用“neither 助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”这种部分倒装结构。A选项“So do I”用于肯定句中的“我也一样”;C选项“So I do”表示“我确实如此”,不是倒装结构;D选项“Neither I do”结构错误。。Only when he reached the tea house_____ it was the same place he'd beenin last year.A. he realizedB. he did realizeC. realized heD. did he realize答案:D解析:“only 状语从句”位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。正常语序是He realized it was the same place he'd been in last year only when he reached the tea house. 这里把助动词“did”提前,主语“he”放在助动词后面,动词“realize”用原形。A和B选项没有倒装;C选项倒装结构错误。-You seem to be an actor.-_____. I have played many parts in a lot of films.A. So do IB. So I doC. So am ID. So I am答案:D解析:前一句说“你看起来像个演员”,回答“我确实是(演员)”,要用“So 主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”这种结构,表示对前面所说内容的肯定,这里系动词是“am”。A选项“So do I”用于表示“我也一样”,是部分倒装,用于肯定句中,但是这里是强调“我确实是”;B选项“So I do”用于强调动作,这里是说身份,要用系动词;C选项“So am I”结构错误。Not until the early years of the 19th century____ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn't man knowD. did man know答案:D解析:“not until...”位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。正常语序是Man didn't know what heat is until the early years of the 19th century. 这里把助动词“did”提前,主语“man”放在助动词后面,动词“know”用原形,C选项“didn't man know”多了一个“not”,不符合部分倒装结构。A和B选项没有倒装。-Look! Over there ______ a group of students.A. comesB. comeC. is comingD. are coming答案:B解析:这是一个完全倒装句,正常语序是A group of students come over there. 当表示地点的副词或介词短语等作状语位于句首时,句子采用完全倒装,这里主语是“a group of students”,是复数概念,所以动词用“come”。A选项“comes”是第三人称单数形式,不符合主语的数;C和D选项“is coming”和“are coming”是进行时态,这里不需要用进行时,只是描述客观存在的情况。谢谢观看 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览