资源简介

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.
主题：谈论自己未来的职业和打算（future jobs）
一、表示职业、身份的名词：
以 -er或 -or 结尾：singer歌手，dancer舞蹈演员，teacher老师，player运动员，reporter记者，driver司机，drummer鼓手doctor医生，actor演员。
以 - ist结尾：artist艺术家，scientist科学家，pianist钢琴家，violinist小提琴手，guitarist 吉他手。
以 -man结尾：policeman警察，postman邮递员，fisherman渔民。
以 -ian结尾：musician音乐家，magician魔术师。
be going to 谈论将来的打算：
用法：be going to do sth 意为“打算做某事；将要做某事”。常与表示将来意义的时间状语连用。
表示按计划、打算、安排将要做某事；
表示根据某种迹象，主观上推断将要发生某事。
肯定句：主+ be going to + V原+其他.
否定句：主+ be + not + going to + V原+其他.
一般疑问句：Be +主+ going to + V原+其他.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be +主+going to + V原+其他.
如：I’m going to study computer science. 我打算学习计算机科学。
I’m not going to study computer science. 我不打算学习计算机科学。
Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看乌云。将要下雨了。
What are you going to do 你打算做什么？
How are you going to do that 你打算怎么做那个事情？
Where are you going to study 你打算在哪里去学习？
grow - grew vi. 成长、发育
(1) vt. 种植 grow sth 种植某物（强调栽培、培育）
如：We grow apples every year. 我们每年都种植苹果。
(2) vi. 生长，发育，指人或动植物的生长、成长情况。
如：The apples grow very well. 苹果长得非常好。
短语：grow up 长大，成熟
如：I grew up in the countryside. 我在乡下长大。
I want to be a singer when I grow up. 当我长大，我想成为一个歌手。
(3) 系动词，意为“逐渐变得”, 后常接形容词作表语。
如：It’s growing dark. 天色正在逐渐变暗。
We are growing older and older. 我们的年龄正在逐渐增长。
The apples are growing bigger and bigger. 苹果正在逐渐变得越来越大。
computer programmer 电脑编程人员（复数：computer programmers）
cook 厨师
n. 厨师（复数：cooks） 如：He is a cook. 他是一个厨师。 They are cooks. 他们都是厨师。
vi. 做饭 如： I like cooking. 我喜欢做饭。 My mom is cooking now. 我的妈妈正在做饭。
vt. 煮，烹饪（接双宾语：cook sb sth = cook sth for sb 为某人煮某物）
如：My mom cooks me breakfast every morning. = My mom cooks breakfast for me every morning.
我妈妈每天早上为我做早饭。
doctor （复数：doctors）
n. 医生 如：His father is a doctor. 他的爸爸是一名医生。
n. 博士（首字母大写） 如：The young doctor is a Doctor of Medicine.这个年轻医生是个医学博士。
Dr. Li wants to see you. 李博士想见你。
engineer n. 工程师（一名工程师：an engineer, 复数：engineers）
如：I want to be an engineer. I’m going to study math very hard. 我想成为一名工程师。我打算努力学数学。
violinist n. 小提琴手（复数：violinists）
violin n. 小提琴（复数：violins） 短语：play the violin拉小提琴
如：The violinist plays the violin very well. 这个小提琴家拉小提琴拉得很好。
driver n. 司机，驾驶员（复数：drivers） 如：I want to be a bus driver. 我想成为一个公交车司机。
pilot n. 飞行员（复数：pilots） 如：Pilots can fly/drive the plane. 飞行员会开飞机。
pianist n. 钢琴家（复数：pianists）
piano n. 钢琴 短语：play the piano 弹钢琴
如：I want to be a pianist and I plan to practice playing the piano every day.我想成为钢琴家并且每天练习弹钢琴。
scientist n. 科学家（复数：scientists）
science n. 科学（不可数名词）
如：I want to be a scientist and I’m going to study science. 我想成为科学家，并且我打算学习科学。
be sure about 确信
短语：be sure about/ of (doing) sth 确信某事/对做某事有把握
be sure to do sth 一定、肯定做某事
Be sure to do sth 务必做某事
be sure (that )+ 句子 肯定、确信......
如：I am sure about/of my answer. 我确信我的答案。 I am sure of winning the game. 我确信能赢得比赛。
I am sure to win the game. 我肯定能赢得比赛。 I am sure that I can win the game. 我确信我能赢得比赛。
Be sure to arrive on time. 务必准时到达。 Be sure to come to my party. 务必要来我的派对。
make sure 确保、查明
短语：make sure of sth 确保/查明某事
make sure to do sth 确保做某事
make sure (that) + 句子 确保/查明
如：Before going to the party, you must make sure of the time and place. 去派对之前，你必须查明时间和地点。
Make sure to tell everyone the news. 确保告诉所有人这个消息。
You should make sure to arrive on time. 你应该确保能准时到达。
Make sure to close the door when you leave. 当你离开时，确保关上门。
Make sure that everyone knows the news. 确保每个人都知道这个消息。
keep doing sth. 一直做某事（没有停顿）
keep on doing sth. 继续做某事、一直做某事（中间有停顿，强调重复性、反复性）
keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
如：I kept exercising for an hour this morning. 今天早上我锻炼了一个小时。（一小时内没有停止锻炼）
I keep on exercising every day. 我每天坚持锻炼一小时。（锻炼每天都停下来，每天又重复锻炼的动作 ）
The teacher kept me standing by the door. 老师让我一直站在门口。
We must keep the students from playing computer games. 我们必须阻止学生打电子游戏。
by prep. 由……所著/创作/导演/作曲......
如：a short story by Lu Xun 鲁迅的一部短篇故事 the music by Mozart 莫扎特写的音乐
paintings by Van Gogh 梵高的绘画 the movie by Feng Xiaogang 冯小刚导演的电影
Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi 刘禹锡的《秋词》 the songs by Zhou Jielun 周杰伦的歌曲
college n. 大学；学院；高等专科学校（复数：colleges）
短语：at a college 在大学 in a college 在大学里 go to college 去上大学 finish college 完成大学学业
medicine n. 药；医学（不可数名词） 短语：study medicine 学医 take medicine吃药
university n. (综合性)大学；高等学府（复数：universities）
短语：at a university在大学 in a university在大学里 go to university去上大学 finish university读完大学
如：There are many universities in this big city. 在这个大城市里有许多的大学。
London n. 伦敦 短语：in London 在伦敦 I want to study in London. 我想去伦敦学习。
article n. 文章；论文（复数：articles） write articles 写文章、论文
如：I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.我打算写文章并把它们寄给杂志报社。
He is writing an article now. 现在他正在写一篇论文。
send - sent vt. 发送；邮寄
短语：send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 寄给某人某物/ 发送给某人某物/ 送给某人某物
send sb. to sp. 派/送某人去某地
send sb. to do sth 派某人去做某事
如：I send her an email every day. = I send an email to her every day. 我每天都发送一封电子邮件给她。
I sent you a letter yesterday. = I sent a letter to you yesterday. 我昨天寄了一封信给你。
Send me a message when you arrive.=Send a message to me when you arrive. 你到了给我发个消息。
He sent me some flowers last night. = He sent some flowers to me last night. 他昨晚送了我一些花。
My father sends me to school every morning. 我爸每天早上送我去上学。
We must send him to the hospital at once. 我们必须马上送他去医院。
I plan to send my son to study in Beijing. 我计划送我儿子去北京上学。
拓展：send for sb 派人去请某人 send away遣散、解雇 send up 发射 send out 发送、送出
如：Please send for the doctor. 请派人去请医生。
Leave my house now, or I will send for the police. 现在离开我的房子，否则我就要叫人去请警察了。
Now, humans can send up rockets into space. 现在，人类能够发射火箭到太空中。
People in the past sent out sky lanterns when they were in danger. 过去的人们遇到危险时会放天灯。
He sent away all his servants. 他遣散了他所有的仆人。
resolution n. 决心，决策（复数：resolutions） New Year’s resolutions 新年决心
短语：make a resolution 作出一个决心 make four resolutions 作出四个决心
make a resolution to do sth = decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth 决定做某事
keep the resolution 坚守那个决心 break the resolution 违背那个决心
如：She made a resolution to study hard at school. 她下定了决心要在学校努力学习。
He is good at making resolutions, but he never keeps them. 他很擅长制定决心，但他从不去坚持它们。
I made four resolutions for the coming year. 对于来年，我制定了四个决心。
team n. 团队（复数：teams）
（1）指“团队”，侧重整体，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：This team has the best players. 这个团队有最好的运动员们。
Our team is the best. 我们的团队是最棒的。
（2）指“团队成员”, 侧重个体，做主语是，谓语动词用复数。
如：Our team practice very hard every day. 我们的队友每天都努力地练习。
（3）短语：in /on the soccer team 在足球队里/是足球队的成员
make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员
make a soccer team 组建一支足球队
如：Tom made a soccer team last year. Now, I’m in / on the soccer team. My friend Bob is going to make the soccer
team, too. 汤姆去年组建了一支足球队。现在，我是足球队的一员。我的朋友鲍勃也打算成为足球队的一员。
foreign adj. 外国的（常作定语） foreigner n. 外国人（复数：foreigners）
如：I can speak 5 foreign languages. 我会说5门外语。
I want to visit some foreign countries. 我想去游览一些外国的国家。
I have some foreign friends. 我有一些外国的朋友。
We are foreigners when we visit foreign countries. 当我们去外国游览时，我们就是外国人。
able adj. 能够的，有能力的（反义：unable 不能的)
disabled adj. 残疾的 disabled people 残疾人= the disabled
ability n. 能力（不可数；可数：abilities）
（表示能力）be able to和 can 的区别：
be able to 表示经过努力后具备某种能力；can表示现在已经具备某种能力。
如：I can swim. 我会游泳。（现在具备游泳的能力）
I am able to swim. 我会游泳。（经过学习、努力后现在具备游泳的能力）
be able to 有人称和数的变化，而can没有。
如：I can swim. 我会游泳。 He can swim. 他会游泳。 They can swim. 他们会游泳。
I am able to swim. 我会游泳。 He is able to swim. 他会游泳。 They are able to swim. 他们会游泳。
（3）be able to 能用于各种时态；can只用于一般现在时(can)和一般过去时(could)。
如：I can swim. （一般现在时） I could swim at the age of 5. （一般过去时）
I am able to swim.（一般现在时） I was able to swim at the age of 5. （一般过去时）
If you study hard, you will be able to get good grades. （一般将来时，can不能和will 连用，表示将来的能力只能用will be able to）
promise n. & vt. 承诺
(1) n. 承诺、诺言（复数: promises)
make a promise (to sb) (向某人)许下承诺
keep a/the/one’s promise 遵守诺言
break a/the/one’s promise 违背诺言
如： If we make a promise to others, we should keep it. 如果我们向他人许下一个承诺，我们就该遵守它。
He never keeps a promise. 他从不遵守承诺。
He always breaks his promise. 他总是违背他的诺言。
(2) vt. 许诺、承诺
promise sb sth = promise sth to sb 承诺某人某物
promise (not) to do sth. 承诺(不)做某事
promise (that) + 句子 承诺......
如：My mom promised me a new car. = My mom promised a new car to me. 我妈承诺了我一辆新车。
My mom promised to buy me a new car. 我妈承诺了给我买一辆新车。
Bob, you promised not to be late. But now, you are late again. 鲍勃，你承诺了不迟到。但现在你又迟到了。
I promise that I will study hard. 我承诺我将会努力学习。
beginning n. 开始，开端，开头（复数：beginnings） 反义：end n. 结束、结尾、末尾
谚语：A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
短语：at the beginning of ... 在......的开始(常作时间状语)
in the beginning 起初最初（常与后面的情况作对比）= at first from beginning to end从头到尾
如：at the beginning of next month 在下个月初 at the beginning of this term 在这学期开始
at the beginning of the meeting 在会议开始时 at the beginning of the soccer game在足球比赛开始时
at the beginning of the movie 在电影开头 at the beginning of the story 在故事开头
We often watch a video at the beginning of each English class. 我们常常在每节英语课开始时看一个视频。
I joined the chess club at the beginning of this term. 在这学期开始的时候，我加入了象棋俱乐部。
I will go to Beijing at the beginning of next year. 明年初，我将去北京。
We often find the main idea at the beginning of each paragragh. 我们常常在每段段首找到主旨大意。
Let’s read the passage from beginning to end. 让我们从头到尾地读下这篇文章。
In the beginning, he couldn’t speak English. 最初，他不会说英语。
动词形式：begin - began v. 开始 = start n. & v. 开始
(1) vt. 开始 短语：begin to do sth / begin doing sth 开始做某事 = start to do sth/ start doing sth
如：I began to play soccer when I was 8. = I began playing soccer when I was 8. 我八岁开始踢足球。
(2) vi. 开始 短语：begin at sth 从......开始 begin with sth 以......开始
如：Let’s begin at Page 2. 让我们从第二页开始。 Let’s begin with a song. 让我们以一首歌开始。
improve vt.&vi. 提升、改善
(1) vt. 提高、改进、改善
如：We can improve our English by singing English songs. 我们可以通过唱英语歌来提高我们的英语。
You need more exercise to improve your health. 你需要更多锻炼来改善你的健康。
You need to improve your English speaking and listening. 你需要改进你的英语的听和说。
(2) vi. 提高、改进、改善
如：Your health will improve if you often exercise. 你的健康状况将会得到改善，如果你常常锻炼。
Your English will improve if you study hard. 你的英语将会提升，如果你努力学习。
名词形式：improvement n. 改进、改善（泛泛而谈改进、改善，不可数；具体的一些改善、改进，可数，复数improvements.）
如：There is always room for improvement. 总是有进步的空间。
Let’s talk about how to make ability improvement. 让我们来谈谈怎样得到能力的提升。
We should care about our self- improvement. 我们应该在意我们的自我提升。
There will always be some small improvements if we work hard.
如果我们努力工作的话，就总会有一些小小的改善的。
write down 写下，记下（动副结构，人称代词作宾语放write和down中间。）
如：Please write your phone number down. = Please write down your phone number. 请写下你的电话号码。
These new words are important. Please write them down. 这些新单词很重要。请把它们写下来。
physical adj. 身体的（mental adj. 精神上的、心理的）
physics n. 物理、物理学（不可数名词）
短语：physical health 身体健康 physical education 体育教育 physical examination 体格检查
education n. 教育（不可数名词；但在表示一段具体怎么样的教育时可用a/an来修饰）
physical education 体育 family education 家庭教育 get a good education 接受到一段良好的教育
如：Her family has no money to pay for her education. 她家没有钱来支付她的教育。
have to do with 和......有关 have nothing to do with 和......无关
如：Good grades have to do with hard work. 好成绩和辛苦的工作有关。
Health has to do with good habits. 健康和好习惯有关。
In fact, happiness has nothing to do with money. 事实上，快乐和钱无关。
Good grades have nothing to do with talent. 好成绩和天资无关。
take up
（1）take up sth/ doing sth (消遣)学着做；开始做(某些工作)
如：I want to take up a new hobby. 我想要开始一个新的兴趣爱好。
I’m going to take up cooking at the beginning of next week. 在下周开始的时候，我打算学着做饭。
（2）占据（时间、空间）
如：These old books take up too much room. 这些旧书占据了太多的空间。
Reading books takes up most of my time. 读书占据了我的绝大部分时间。
I won’t take up too much of your time. 我将不会占用你太多时间的。
【拓展】含有take的短语
take a vacation 去度假 take exercise 做锻炼 take out 取出 take care of 照看；照顾
take off 起飞；脱下 take place (有计划)发生 take away 拿走 take notes 做笔记；做记录
take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像 take part in + 群体性活动 参加活动
hobby n. 兴趣、爱好（复数：hobbies）
如：I have many hobbies, such as singing and dancing. 我有许多兴趣爱好，比如唱歌和跳舞。
paint vi.& vt. 用颜料画；刷漆
painter n. 画家，喷漆工人（复数：painters） painting n. 绘画（复数: paintings)
如：I like painting. 我喜欢画画。
I want to paint a picture. 我想画一副画（有颜色的画）。
Let’s paint the house red. 让我们把房子刷成红色的吧。
The painter can paint beautiful paintings. 这个画家能画漂亮的画。
weekly adj. &adv. &n.
(1) adj. 每周的
如：Let’s do our weekly reading. 让我们来进行每周的阅读吧。
We have a weekly meeting. 我们有一个每周的会议。
(2) adv. 每周 = every week
如：I practice basketball twice weekly. 我每周练习篮球两次。
My mom goes shopping weekly. 我妈妈每周都去购物。
(3) n. 周报、周刊 English Weekly 英语周报
如：The weekly comes out every Sunday. 这个周报每周日出版。
类似的词：daily每日(的)，日报 / monthly每月(的)，月刊 / yearly每年(的)，年鉴。
schoolwork n. 功课，学业（不可数名词）
homework n. 家庭作业（不可数名词）
区别：schoolwork 指在学校需要完成的功课、学业，包括课堂作业、课后练习、考试等，是学生在校期间的学习任务的总称。homework是指老师在课堂上布置，需要学生课后在家中独立完成的任务。
如：I have to do my homework, so I can’t go out with you. 我必须做我的家庭作业，所以我不能和你一起去玩。
He often helps me with my schoolwork. 他经常在我的功课方面帮助我。
You should take your schoolwork seriously. 你应该认真对待你的学业。
He has little time to play because of the heavy schoolwork. 因为繁重的功课，他没有时间去玩。
question n. & vt. 质疑，提问
n. 问题（问出来的有待回答的问题）
如：ask sb a question 问某人一个问题 ask sb some questions 问某人一些问题
answer my question 回答我的问题 answer some questions 回答一些问题
Can I ask you some questions 我可以问你一些问题吗？
I have some questions. 我有一些疑问。
vt. 提问、质疑
如：Someone questioned your idea. 有人质疑了你的想法。
Who questioned the question 谁提出的这个问题？
Knowledge comes from questioning. 知识来源于质疑。
meaning n. 意思，意义（复数：meanings） the meaning of ......的意思
mean vt. 意思是，意味着
meaningful adj. 有意义的 meaningless adj. 毫无意义的
如：It means (that) you are right. 它意味着你是对的。
What does the word mean = What’s the meaning of the word 这个单词是什么意思？
Different words have different meanings. 不同的字有不同的含义。
This word has two meangings. 这个单词有两个意思。
It’s meaningless to watch soap operas. 看肥皂剧是毫无意义的。
It’s meaningful to help others. 帮助别人是很有意义的。
discuss vt. 讨论，商量 discussion n. 商量、讨论（复数：discussions）
短语：discuss sth with sb = have a discussion about sth with sb 和某人讨论某事
如：You can discuss your problems with your parents.
= You can have a discussion about your problems with your parents. 你可以和父母商量你遇到的问题。
I discussed hobbies with my friends yesterday. = I had a discussion about hobbies with my friends yesterday.
own adj. 自己的，本人的
短语：one’s own sth 某人自己的某物 of one’s own 自己的 on one’s own = by oneself 独自地
如：This is my own car. = This is a car of my own. 这是我自己的车。
He goes to school on his own. = He goes to school by himself. 他独自去上学。
I do my homework on my own.= I do my homework by myself. 我独自完成作业。
for this reason 出于这个原因
如：English is too difficult. For this reason, I don’t like it at all. 英语太难了。出于这个原因，我根本不喜欢它。
Beijing’s weather in winter is so cold. For this reason, I never go there in winter.
北京冬天太冷。出于这个原因，我绝不会在冬天去那里。
I have too much homework to do. For this reason, I can’t go out with you.
我有太多家庭作业要做。出于这个原因，我不能和你一起出去玩。
personal adj. 个人的，私人的（反义词：public adj.公共的；公众的）
如：It’s a personal car. 这是辆私家车。 It’s his personal room. 这是他个人的房间。
Bob is walking in the public park. 鲍勃正在这个公共的公园里散步。
Don’t speak loudly in public places. 在公共场合不要大声喧哗。
relationship n. (指情感上)关系，联系（复数：relationships）
短语：the relationship between A and B A和B的关系
have a good/bad relationship with sb 和某人有良好/糟糕的关系
如：The relationship between Mr. Smith and his son is very close. 史密斯先生和他儿子之间的关系很亲密。
We have a good relationship with our teachers. 我们和老师们有良好的关系。
I want to improve my relationships with my family and friends.我想改善我和家人以及和朋友之间的关系。
---What’s the relationship between the two speakers 这两个说话的人是什么关系？
--- They are a mom and a son. 他们是母亲和儿子的关系。
too…to… “太……以致于不能……” （too后通常接形容词或副词， to后接动词原形。）
谚语：It’s never too old to learn. （绝不会太老以致于不能学习）活到老，学到老。
如：He is too young to go to school. 他太小以致于不能去上学。
拓展：too ... to ... 结构可以和so ... that ...“如此......以致于......”或not ... enough to ...“没有足够.....去做某事”结构进行同义转换。
如：He is too young to go to school. 他太小以致于不能去上学。
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school.

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