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外研社七上英语（2024新版）笔记： Unit 5
1. surprise
1). n. 意想不到的事情
It was a great surprise to learn of her marriage. 得知她结婚是一件十分令人惊喜的事。
to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是
To our great surprise, he won first prize.使我们大吃一惊的是，他获得了第一名。
To my surprise, I passed the difficult exam.让我感到惊讶的是，我通过了这次难度很大的考试。
in surprise 惊奇地
John turned around and looked at me in surprise. 约翰转过身来,惊奇地望着我。
2). v. 使惊奇；使惊喜
What the little girl said surprised her mother.这个小女孩所说的话让她的妈妈感到吃惊。
拓展：surprised adj.惊讶的，吃惊的 surprising adj. 令人惊讶的，出人意料的
She is surprised at the surprising news. 她对那条令人吃惊的消息感到惊讶。
be surprised at 对 ... 感到吃惊
I was surprised at what he said. 我对他说的话感到惊讶。
用surprise,surprising,surprised填空。
①To my ________，I passed the difficult exam.
② He was _______ that his father didn't call him.
③ Kate told me the _______ news.
④ The kid is looking at the photo in ______.
⑤ That story made all of us ________.
答案：① surprise ② surprised ③ surprising ④ surprise ⑤ surprised
2. knock 的用法
1).knock around ( 在某处）悠闲地渡过
On weekends, I like to knock around the library and read some books. 周末我喜欢在图书馆里闲逛，读一些书。
2).knock on/at 敲(门、窗等)
I knocked on the door, but no one answered. 我敲了敲门，但没人应答。
Someone is knocking at the door. = There's someone knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。
There was a knock at the window. (这里knock 为名词）有人敲了一下窗户。
3. amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的
Just look at it. Isn't it amazing! 你看看。真叫人惊叹！
The book is filled with amazing adventures.这本书里充满了奇妙的冒险故事。
4. boring adj. 无趣的，无聊的，乏味的
bored（感到无聊的）boring（令人无聊的）
Her job is boring, and she is bored with it. 她的工作很无聊，她对它感到厌倦。
（ be bored with.... 对......感到厌倦）
The movie was so boring that I felt very bored.电影太无聊了以致于我感到很无聊。
5. feed vt. 喂养；饲养 (feed-fed-fed)
We need to feed the baby every three hours.我们需要每三小时喂一次宝宝 。
6. -ed 和 -ing 形容词
-ed形容词：主要描述人的感受或状态。例如，“interested”表示“感到有兴趣的”，描述的是人的感受。
-ing形容词：主要描述事物给人的感受或事物的性质。例如，“interesting”表示“有趣的”，描述的是事物本身所具有的让人感到有趣的特点。
amazed（感到惊讶的）amazing（令人惊讶的）
interested (感兴趣的） interesting (有趣的）
bored（感到无聊的）boring（令人无聊的）
excited（感到兴奋的，激动的）exciting（令人兴奋的）
relaxed（感到放松的）relaxing（令人放松的）
surprised（感到惊讶的）surprising（令人惊讶的）
tired（感到疲倦的）tiring（令人疲倦的）
worried ( 担心的） worrying (令人担忧的）
touched (感动的) touching (感人的；动人的)
7. soon 不久；很快
I'll be back soon. 我马上回来。
拓展：
as soon as 一......就
I will call you as soon as I get home. 我一到家就给你打电话。
how soon 多快, 多久以后
How soon can we expect the results 我们多久能期待结果？
How soon can you finish this project 你多久能完成这个项目？
as soon as possible 尽快；越快越好
We need to solve this problem as soon as possible. 我们需要尽快解决这个问题。
8. plenty ['plenti] n. 丰富；大量；充足
plenty of 很多的 (强调的是数量的充足)，既可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词
plenty of friends 很多朋友
plenty of time 充足的时间
She invited plenty of friends to her birthday party. 她邀请了很多朋友参加她的生日派对。
She has plenty of patience when teaching her students. 她在教学生时非常有耐心。
表示“许多”的还有：
a lot of/lots of + 可数/不可数
many+ 可数名词复数 much + 不可数名词
I don't have much time left before the exam. 考试前我没剩下多少时间了。
He spends a lot of time playing the piano every day.
9. maybe adv. 也许，大概，可能 （表示不肯定）
Maybe I was wrong about pigeons. 也许我对鸽子的看法是错误的。
Maybe it will work. 也许这个办法会有效。
Maybe he is still at home. 可能他还在家里。
辨析：maybe与 may be
maybe adv. "也许”， 通常放在句首
Maybe he is right. 可能他是对的。
may be “可能是”， may 为情态动词
I may be wrong this time. 这次我可能是错了。
They may be here. 他们可能在这里。
She may be at home. =Maybe she is at home.
10.another 另一个，别的，不同的
I don't like this one. Please show me another.我不喜欢这个，请给我另一个。
I don't like this sweater. Can you show me another one 我不喜欢这件毛衣。你能给我看另一件吗？
Will you like another cup of tea 你要再来一杯茶吗？
注意：another +数词+ 可数名词= 数词+ more+ 可数名词
I need another three hours to finish this project. =I need three more hours to finish this project.
Please give me another five minutes. =Please give me five more minutes.
11. change 的用法：
1).n. 变化；零钱
作为“零钱”，为不可数名词；作为“变化，改变”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词
-What else do you want 你还要什么呢？（新1 Lesson 59）
-I want my change.我要找的零钱。
I always keep some small change in my pocket for emergencies. 我总是在口袋里放些小零钱以备不时之需。
My cold is due to the sudden change in weather. 我感冒是因为天气骤变的缘故。
There will be a change in the weather. 天气将有变化。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我家乡发生了巨大的变化。
（2）v. 兑换：
I want to change the pounds into dollars. 我想把这些英镑兑换成美元。
Could you change me a one-pound note, please 能否请你换一镑的零钱给我？
（3). v. 改变，变化
change... into... 把....变为 （多指形态上的变化）
change...into = turn...into
Ice changes into water quickly on a hot day. 天气炎热的时候，冰很快变为水。
Caterpillars change into butterflies. 毛虫变成蝴蝶。
With a wave of her magic wand, she changed the frog into a handsome prince.
她用魔杖一挥，把青蛙变成了英俊的王子。
12. enough 的用法
enough [ 'n f] adv. 足够地 adj.足够的
easy enough 足够简单
enough money 足够多的钱
I don't have enough money to buy a new phone. 我没有足够的钱买新手机。
I find it easy enough to get on with Tom.我觉得与汤姆相处很容易。
13. take place v. 发生， 举行 (为不及物动词，没有被动形式。)
The meeting will take place soon. 会议即将举行。
辨析：take place 与 happen
take place 指预计会发生的事， 而happen 指偶然发生的事
用happen,take place 填空
1). The wedding (婚礼) will _______ in the church.
2). Nothing ______ to him. He was just a little afraid.
3). A car accident _______ yesterday.
答案：1). take place 2) . happened 3). happened
14. used to “过去常常” ，其后接动词原形，否定形式didn't use to 或 usedn't to
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
They used to live in the countryside. 他们以前住在乡下。
He used to be a teacher. 他以前是个老师。
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，这里 to 是介词
I am/get used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。
He is used to doing morning exercises to stay healthy. 他习惯于做早操以保持健康。
He got used to doing push-ups every morning to start his day. 他习惯了每天早上做俯卧撑来开始新的一天。
15. believe 与 believe in
believe 相信，认为真实 （相信某事是真的或某人所说的话是真的））
I believe what he said. 我相信他说的话。
I can't believe it. 我不敢相信。
I don't believe you ! 我不相信你的话。
believe in 常指相信某人会成功。
I believe in you . 我对你有信心。
If you believe in yourself you can succeed. 如果你相信自己，你就能成功。
16.How 与 What 引导的感叹句（详细笔记省略）
What a beautiful flower!/ What beautiful flowers.
What exciting news!
How clever the boy is !
How tall a tree it is! 它是多么高的一颗树啊！
How times flies ! 光阴似箭！（How + 主语+谓语）
17. wonder 的用法
1）. n. 奇迹，奇事
Colour television is realty a wonder. 彩色电视真是一个奇迹。
the wonders of modern technology 现代技术的奇迹
2). v. 想知道，对......好奇 (后面可接宾语从句）
wonder = want to know 想知道；（表示疑虑）
wonder后可以跟why/what/who/where/when/how等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
I wonder why my friend is sad. 我想知道为什么我的朋友很伤心。
She wonders who will be her new friend in class.她想知道班上谁会成为她的新朋友。
3). no wonder 难怪，不足为奇
No wonder you can't sleep when you eat so much. 你吃这么多难怪睡不着。
No wonder the Chinese are said to be hospitable. 怪不得人们说中国人很好客。
No wonder she's so good at singing, her mother is a famous musician. 难怪她唱歌这么好，她妈妈是个著名的音乐家。
18. had better 用法
had better "最好......"用来提建议，但不是很客气和委婉。
其中的 had 不是 have 的过去式。在非正式场合中，had better 可以缩写为 'd better，我们可将它归类为“情态动词”。
had better do sth. 最好做某事
You had better wait for her.
We had better come home before 6:00.
had better not do sth. 最好不做某事
I’d better not leave my bag there. Someone might steal it. 我最好不要把包留在那里。可能有人会偷。
You had better not eat so much at night. 在晚上你最好不要吃得太多。
had better 通常不以一般疑问句的形式出现，但有时用于否定疑问句，即 Hadn't +主语+better... 表示劝告，比肯定形式的语气更委婉一点。
Hadn't you better ask him first
19. madly adv. 疯狂地
He laughed madly when he heard the joke. 他听到那个笑话后疯狂地笑了起来。
She danced madly to the music at the party. 她在派对上随着音乐疯狂地跳舞。
mad adj. 发疯的，狂热的；
Theyare mad about football. 他们对足球很狂热。
20. scary 可怕的
That's scary! 　　真令人害怕！
Grandpa told me a scary ghost story. 爷爷给我讲了一个吓人的鬼故事.
scared adj. 害怕的
I'm scared of mice. 我怕耗子。
21. at speeds of /at a speed of /at the speed of 以……的速度
The new trains run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometers one hour. 新火车的运行速度在每小时200到250公里之间。
The car is traveling at the speed of 60 kilometers per hour. 这辆车正以每小时60公里的速度行驶。
22. character 的用法
1). n. 角色
The main character in the novel is very interesting.小说中的主角非常有趣。
2). n. 个性
The boy has a strong character. 这孩子个性很强。
23. die out 消失；灭绝 die ( 现在分词形式为 dying)
As you see, the tiger is in danger of dying out. 正如你所见，老虎正面临灭绝的危险。
die与 dead He has been dead for two years. 他已死了两年。
He died two years ago. 他两年前去世了。
24. fantastic 极好的, 非常棒的, 奇异的
We watched a fantastic play yesterday evening. 昨天晚上我们看了一场非常精彩的演出。
The chef's new dish is absolutely fantastic.厨师的新菜绝对棒极了。
25. try one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做某事
I will try my best to finish my homework before dinner.我会尽我最大努力在晚饭前完成作业。
He tried his best to learn English in a short time.他尽了最大努力在短时间内学好英语。
26.as happy as a clam 快乐得像只蛤蜊，非常高兴的，相当满足的
She was as happy as a clam on her first day of vacation.她假期的第一天非常快乐。
as dead as a dodo 像渡渡鸟一样过时，彻底死亡，毫无生气, 死气沉沉
Without any new ideas, the meeting became as dead as a dodo.没有新想法，会议变得死气沉沉。
as ... as 与......一样
Tom is as clever as Jerry. 汤姆和杰瑞一样聪明。
The green apple is as sweet as the red one. 这个绿苹果同那个红苹果一样甜。
not as... as 不像......一样；不及
That book is not as cheap as this one. 那本书没有这本书便宜。
27. in one's opinion 在某人看来”或“依某人之见”
In my opinion, math is the most challenging subject .在我看来，数学是最具挑战性的科目。
28. view 观点，意见, 视野
His view of life is different from yours. 他的人生观与你的不同。
have a good view of 对……有一个很好的视野, 能清楚地看到
We have a good view of the stage from our seats. 从我们的座位上可以清楚地看到舞台。
29.actually adv. 实际上；事实上(= in fact)
Actually, I prefer apples to oranges. 事实上，我更喜欢苹果而不是橙子。
Actually, I have already finished my homework. 事实上，我已经完成了我的家庭作业。
30.what’s more 而且,此外,更重要的
It’s a useful book, and what’s more, not an expansive one.这是一本有用的书，况且又不贵。
The new smartphone has a long battery life, what's more, it charges quickly. 这款新智能手机电池续航时间长；更重要的是，它充电速度快。
31 . 现在进行时的用法 （简单的用法笔记省略。）
1).标志词或短语：now, right now, at the moment, look, listen 等。
2). always 与进行时连用
always 与现在/过去进行时连用时，常译作“ 老是”,“ 总是”，带有赞扬、厌烦、不满、好奇等感彩。
She is always smiling happily. 她总是愉快地微笑。（赞美）
You are always watching TV. 你总是看电视。（不满）
I've lost my phone again. I'm always losing things. 我又把手机弄丢了。我总是丢东西。
She was always changing her mind. 她总是改变主意。（不满/困扰）
She is always forgetting something. 她总是忘事。（担忧/无奈）
注意：constantly (不断地；经常地), continually( 不断地；频繁地), all the time(一直）等词也有类似用法。

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