资源简介

(共32张PPT)
2025 河南中招核心语法系统复习
专项 介词和介词短语
考点精讲
高分分层提优练
一、介词的用法
1.表时间
（1）辨析in，on与at
用法 示例
in 用于世纪、年代、年、 月、季节或泛指一天的上 午、下午、傍晚、白天等 in the 21st century在21世纪；
in 2021在2021年；in spring在春天；
in the morning在早上
用法 示例
on 用于具体某一天 （如：几月几日、星期 几、节日等）或某一天的 上午、下午、晚上前 on September 1st在9月1日；
on Monday在周一；
on National Day在国庆节；
on Saturday morning在周六上午
at 用于具体时间点前或黎 明、正午、黄昏、午夜前 at one o’clock在一点；at 8：00在八点；
at noon在中午
续表
（2）辨析in，after与before
含义及用法 示例
in “in+时间段”表示“过…… （时间）以后”，常与将来时 连用 in five years五年后
after 后接时间点，常与一般将来 时连用，表示“……之后” I will go to school after seven o’clock.
我将在七点之后去上学。
后接时间段，常与一般过去 时连用，表示“……之后” Tom finished school after three years.汤姆
三年后毕业了。
before 在……之前 Lily must go to bed before 9:00。莉莉必
须九点前上床睡觉。
（3）辨析during，by与until
含义及用法 示例
during 在……期间 during the summer holiday在暑假期间
by by+时间点，表示 “到……为止；不迟 于；在……前” I will finish the work by Friday.星期五之前
我会完成这项工作。
until “直到……”，表示动作 持续到某一时间 We must work here until 10 o’clock.我们必
须在这儿工作到10点钟。
（4）辨析for与since
since+时间点=for+一段时间，常用于现在完成时（常与延续性动词连用）。如：
since 3 years ago=for 3 years
2.表方位
（1）辨析at，on，in与to
含义及用法 示例
at at+小地点（建筑物、 公共场所等） at home 在家；at the bus station在公交车站
on 在……（的平面）上 on the desk在书桌上；on the floor在地板上
表示两地接壤 Hunan is on the west of Jiangxi.湖南在江西的
西边。
含义及用法 示例
in in+大地点 （国家、省、城市等） in China在中国；in Hebei在河北；in the city在
城市
在……里（周围环境 是立体的地方） in the forest在森林里；in the classroom在教室里
to 在……范围之外，不 接壤 Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东部。
续表
（2）辨析on，over，above，under与below
含义及用法 例句 助记
on 在……上面 （接触） There is a pen on the book and another book is beneath it.在书上有一支钢笔并 且在书下有另一本书。 ______________________________________
over 在……正上 方（垂直不接触） Over the table is a chandelier.桌子上面 是个吊灯。 above 在……上方 （泛指） The plane is flying above the clouds.飞 机在云层上面飞行。 含义及用法 例句 助记
under 在……正下 方（垂直不接触） The cat is under the table.小猫在桌子 下面。 ______________________________________
below 在……下方 （泛指） The temperature dropped below zero.温 度降到零下。 续表
（3）辨析between与among
between表示在两者之间 The dog is between the two trees.这只狗在两棵树
之间。
among表示在三者或三者 以上的人或事物之间 The dog sits among a group of cats.这只狗坐在一群
猫中间。
（4）其他方位介词
含义 例句
behind 在……后面 The small dog is behind the door.那只小狗在门后。
inside 在……里面 Don’t stay inside the buildings when an earthquake
happens.当地震发生的时候，不要待在建筑物里面。
beside 在……旁边 David,do you mind my sitting beside you 戴维，你介意我
坐在你旁边吗？
3.表动向
辨析across，through，over与past
含义及用法 例句
across “横过；穿过”，指从物体表面的一 边到另一边 Go across the street，and you will
see the school.过了马路你就会看到
学校。
through “穿过；透过”，指从某一物体的空 间内部穿过 Go through the forest，and you
will see a river.穿过森林，你将会
看到一条河流。
含义及用法 例句
over “越过；翻过”，指从某一物体的上 方越过或空间范围之上通过，表面 不接触 The plane flew over the mountains.
飞机从那些山峰的上方飞过。
past “经过”，指从旁边经过 The teacher saw the boy sleeping
when he walked past the classroom.
当老师经过教室时，他看到那个男
孩正在睡觉。
续表
4.表方式
辨析with，in，by与on
用法 例句
with “用，以，借助 于”，后常接工具 或身体部位 ①I often do my homework with a pen.我经常用钢
笔写作业。
②Elephants drink water with their trunks.大象用鼻子
喝水。
in “用……”，后接语 言、声音、颜色等 ①Can you say it in English？你能用英语说它吗？
②The girl in red is my friend.穿红色衣服的女孩是
我的朋友。
用法 例句
by by+交通工具，意 为“乘；坐” I go to school by bike.我骑自行车上学。
by+doing，意为“通 过……方式” I improve my English by speaking more.我通过多说
来提高英语。
on “通过……”，后接 电子产品/通讯工具 I could do all my work on the computer.我能通过电
脑完成所有工作。
续表
5.其他介词
含义及用法 例句
for 为，给；对……来说 Mother bought a pen for me.妈妈给我买了一支
钢笔。
from 从…… We’re open from 8：00 a.m.to 7：00 p.m.every
day.我们每天从早上8点到晚上7点营业。
of ……的 a map of China一幅中国地图
about 关于；大约 （+数字） It’s a book about animals.这是一本关于动物的书。
含义及用法 例句
with with+人“和某人 一起” I play games with my classmates.我和我的同学们
玩游戏。
带有/有 a girl with long hair一个长头发的女孩；
a book with a green cover一本绿皮书
without 没有；不 He often goes to work without breakfast.他经常不
吃早餐就去上班。
over 遍及；超过 There are over two hundred people in the park.公
园里有两百多人。
续表
含义及用法 例句
against 反对；对抗；紧靠 We will play against them this afternoon.今天下午
我们将跟他们比赛。
into 在……里 Mr. White came into the classroom with a smile.怀
特先生面带笑容走进了教室。
except “除……之外” Everyone is very happy except him.除了他，每个
人都很开心。
besides “除了”，包括后面 提到的人或物 I learn English and maths besides Chinese.除了语
文，我还学习英语和数学。
续表
二、介词短语及固定搭配
at短语 at birth出生时 at home在家里 at last最后
at noon/night在中午/晚上
at work在工作 at the same time同时 at times有时
at midnight在午夜
at the moment在此刻 at once立刻，马上 at least至少
in短语 in common共同的 in danger处于危险中 in hospital住院
in time及时
in English用英语 in fact事实上 in public当众；公开地
in person亲自
in silence沉默地 in surprise吃惊地 in the future将来
in the end最后
in the daytime在白天 in trouble处于困境中 in a hurry匆忙
in the way挡道 in order to为了
续表
of短语 as a result of由于 ahead of在……前面 because of因为
first of all首先
instead of而不是 of course当然 all of a sudden突然地
续表
on短语 on business出差 on display陈列 on duty值班
on foot步行 on holiday在休假
on one’s own独自 on purpose故意
on sale降价销售；出售 on show展出
on time准时
on the earth在地球上 on the way在路上
on the telephone在接/打电话
on the other hand另一方面 on the right/left在右/左边
续表
to短语 according to根据 close to接近
to one’s surprise/joy令某人吃惊/高兴的是
thanks to幸亏；由于
by短语 by air坐飞机 by bus坐公交车 by accident偶然地
by mistake错误地 by the way顺便说一下
其他短 语 for example例如 such as例如 together with和……一起
续表
Ⅰ.根据句子要求填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。
1.If you never give up when in trouble，you should be proud ___ yourself.
2.（2024河北改编）Hurry up，Nancy! The meeting will start___ten minutes.
3.（2024河北）Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited____ his sister.
4.（2024福建）A special festival was held____September 23rd last year to honor
the hard work of Chinese farmers.
of
in
for
on
5.（2024新疆）A 68-year-old woman from Shandong Province now teaches
crocheting（针钩编织） online and offline. She has made crochet
artworks____about 50 years.
for
6.（2024成都）China Daily named “Growth”____its “Word of the Year 2023”.
as
7.（2024长沙改编）According to tradition，people like to give flowers and
fruits___ each other during Chinese New Year，because they carry many special
meanings.
to
8.（2024苏州改编）Tea drinking soon became fashionable there but because___ its
high price，it remained a drink for the wealthy.
9.（2024烟台）To prevent breaking up，I first cook mooncakes___ a high
temperature to set the pattern and shape.
10.（2024南充）The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past.
_________ them，I could never have finished this book.
of
at
Without
Ⅱ.完形填空。
I came to China with my parents a year ago. Mr. Xi lives next . .11. . me in
my neighborhood. He likes to say，“Méi guānxi” in life.
One weekend，Mom asked Mr. Xi to look . .12. . me. “I’m so sorry，” she
said. “But we don’t know other neighbors yet.”
“Méi guānxi！” Mr. Xi said and laughed. I asked him.“What does‘Méi
guānxi’mean？”“It means ‘no problem’，” he explained.
“It seems that you are cool with everything，but I am always nervous about
things in my life，even the weather，”I said.
“Oh，I used to worry，too!” said Mr. Xi. “I used to work . .13. . a tall
building. I worried all the time，and was angry all the time . .14. . first. Finally，
my doctor told me that the stress was making me sick.” He stopped talking and
looked . .15. . of the window at his garden.
“So what did you do？” I asked.
He said，“I bought this house，together . .16. . those fruit trees in the garden.
I just focused . .17. . what I was doing instead of thinking about the results. I
found peace in that process.”
. .18. . then on，when I met some difficulties，I would tell myself “Méi
guānxi”.
11.( ) A.on B.in C.from D.to
D
12.( ) A.after B.at C.for D.like
A
13.( ) A.on B.over C.in D.behind
C
14.( ) A.in B.for C.by D.at
D
15.( ) A.out B.through C.up D.down
A
16.( ) A.before B.with C.for D.about
B
17.( ) A.of B.in C.on D.for
C
18.( ) A.For B.From C.Against D.With
B
Ⅲ.语篇填空。（第二节）
There was a girl who loved to gossip（传播流言蜚语），and most of her
classmates were angry 19.________her.
One day，her teacher gave her a bag full 20.___ feathers（羽毛）. “Cut it
open and throw all the feathers into the wind，” the teacher said. “Why？” she
asked. “Just do as I say，” said the teacher. The girl cut the bag. All the
feathers were quickly blown 21.______ until they disappeared. “Now，” said the
teacher，“I’d like you to go and bring all the feathers back.” “I can’t，” said the
girl. “I’ll never be able to do that.”
The teacher said，“It is the same 22.____ words. Words once spoken can
never be taken back. I want you to think 23._______ it carefully before you
speak.” The girl stood there and thought for a while.
with/at
of
away
as
about

展开更多......

收起↑